157 lines
4.1 KiB
Plaintext
157 lines
4.1 KiB
Plaintext
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=pod
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=head1 NAME
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rsa - RSA key processing tool
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=head1 SYNOPSIS
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B<openssl> B<rsa>
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[B<-inform PEM|NET|DER>]
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[B<-outform PEM|NET|DER>]
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[B<-in filename>]
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[B<-passin arg>]
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[B<-out filename>]
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[B<-passout arg>]
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[B<-des>]
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[B<-des3>]
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[B<-idea>]
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[B<-text>]
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[B<-noout>]
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[B<-modulus>]
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[B<-check>]
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[B<-pubin>]
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[B<-pubout>]
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=head1 DESCRIPTION
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The B<rsa> command processes RSA keys. They can be converted between various
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forms and their components printed out. B<Note> this command uses the
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traditional SSLeay compatible format for private key encryption: newer
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applications should use the more secure PKCS#8 format using the B<pkcs8>
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utility.
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=head1 COMMAND OPTIONS
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=over 4
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=item B<-inform DER|NET|PEM>
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This specifies the input format. The B<DER> option uses an ASN1 DER encoded
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form compatible with the PKCS#1 RSAPrivateKey or SubjectPublicKeyInfo format.
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The B<PEM> form is the default format: it consists of the B<DER> format base64
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encoded with additional header and footer lines. On input PKCS#8 format private
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keys are also accepted. The B<NET> form is a format compatible with older Netscape
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servers and MS IIS, this uses unsalted RC4 for its encryption. It is not very
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secure and so should only be used when necessary.
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=item B<-outform DER|NET|PEM>
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This specifies the output format, the options have the same meaning as the
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B<-inform> option.
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=item B<-in filename>
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This specifies the input filename to read a key from or standard input if this
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option is not specified. If the key is encrypted a pass phrase will be
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prompted for.
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=item B<-passin arg>
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the input file password source. For more information about the format of B<arg>
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see the B<PASS PHRASE ARGUMENTS> section in L<openssl(1)|openssl(1)>.
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=item B<-out filename>
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This specifies the output filename to write a key to or standard output if this
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option is not specified. If any encryption options are set then a pass phrase
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will be prompted for. The output filename should B<not> be the same as the input
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filename.
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=item B<-passout password>
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the output file password source. For more information about the format of B<arg>
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see the B<PASS PHRASE ARGUMENTS> section in L<openssl(1)|openssl(1)>.
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=item B<-des|-des3|-idea>
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These options encrypt the private key with the DES, triple DES, or the
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IDEA ciphers respectively before outputting it. A pass phrase is prompted for.
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If none of these options is specified the key is written in plain text. This
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means that using the B<rsa> utility to read in an encrypted key with no
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encryption option can be used to remove the pass phrase from a key, or by
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setting the encryption options it can be use to add or change the pass phrase.
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These options can only be used with PEM format output files.
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=item B<-text>
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prints out the various public or private key components in
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plain text in addition to the encoded version.
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=item B<-noout>
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this option prevents output of the encoded version of the key.
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=item B<-modulus>
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this option prints out the value of the modulus of the key.
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=item B<-check>
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this option checks the consistency of an RSA private key.
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=item B<-pubin>
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by default a private key is read from the input file: with this
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option a public key is read instead.
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=item B<-pubout>
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by default a private key is output: with this option a public
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key will be output instead. This option is automatically set if
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the input is a public key.
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=back
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=head1 NOTES
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The PEM private key format uses the header and footer lines:
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-----BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY-----
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-----END RSA PRIVATE KEY-----
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The PEM public key format uses the header and footer lines:
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-----BEGIN PUBLIC KEY-----
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-----END PUBLIC KEY-----
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=head1 EXAMPLES
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To remove the pass phrase on an RSA private key:
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openssl rsa -in key.pem -out keyout.pem
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To encrypt a private key using triple DES:
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openssl rsa -in key.pem -des3 -out keyout.pem
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To convert a private key from PEM to DER format:
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openssl rsa -in key.pem -outform DER -out keyout.der
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To print out the components of a private key to standard output:
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openssl rsa -in key.pem -text -noout
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To just output the public part of a private key:
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openssl rsa -in key.pem -pubout -out pubkey.pem
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=head1 SEE ALSO
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L<pkcs8(1)|pkcs8(1)>, L<dsa(1)|dsa(1)>, L<genrsa(1)|genrsa(1)>,
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L<gendsa(1)|gendsa(1)>
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=cut
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