freebsd-dev/usr.bin/printf/printf.c

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/*-
* Copyright 2014 Garrett D'Amore <garrett@damore.org>
* Copyright 2010 Nexenta Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
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* Copyright (c) 1989, 1993
* The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
*
* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
* modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
* are met:
* 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
* 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
* documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
* 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
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* may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
* without specific prior written permission.
*
* THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
* ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
* IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
* ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
* FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
* DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
* OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
* HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
* LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
* OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
* SUCH DAMAGE.
*/
/*
* Important: This file is used both as a standalone program /usr/bin/printf
* and as a builtin for /bin/sh (#define SHELL).
*/
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#ifndef SHELL
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#ifndef lint
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static char const copyright[] =
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"@(#) Copyright (c) 1989, 1993\n\
The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.\n";
#endif /* not lint */
#endif
#ifndef lint
#if 0
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static char const sccsid[] = "@(#)printf.c 8.1 (Berkeley) 7/20/93";
#endif
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static const char rcsid[] =
"$FreeBSD$";
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#endif /* not lint */
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <ctype.h>
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#include <err.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <inttypes.h>
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#include <limits.h>
#include <locale.h>
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#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <wchar.h>
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#ifdef SHELL
#define main printfcmd
#include "bltin/bltin.h"
#include "options.h"
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#endif
#define PF(f, func) do { \
char *b = NULL; \
if (havewidth) \
if (haveprec) \
(void)asprintf(&b, f, fieldwidth, precision, func); \
else \
(void)asprintf(&b, f, fieldwidth, func); \
else if (haveprec) \
(void)asprintf(&b, f, precision, func); \
else \
(void)asprintf(&b, f, func); \
if (b) { \
(void)fputs(b, stdout); \
free(b); \
} \
} while (0)
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static int asciicode(void);
static char *printf_doformat(char *, int *);
static int escape(char *, int, size_t *);
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static int getchr(void);
static int getfloating(long double *, int);
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static int getint(int *);
static int getnum(intmax_t *, uintmax_t *, int);
static const char
*getstr(void);
static char *mknum(char *, char);
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static void usage(void);
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static const char digits[] = "0123456789";
static char end_fmt[1];
static int myargc;
static char **myargv;
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static char **gargv;
static char **maxargv;
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int
main(int argc, char *argv[])
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{
size_t len;
int end, rval;
char *format, *fmt, *start;
#ifndef SHELL
int ch;
(void) setlocale(LC_ALL, "");
#endif
#ifdef SHELL
nextopt("");
argc -= argptr - argv;
argv = argptr;
#else
while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "")) != -1)
switch (ch) {
case '?':
default:
usage();
return (1);
}
argc -= optind;
argv += optind;
#endif
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if (argc < 1) {
usage();
return (1);
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}
#ifdef SHELL
INTOFF;
#endif
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/*
* Basic algorithm is to scan the format string for conversion
* specifications -- once one is found, find out if the field
* width or precision is a '*'; if it is, gather up value. Note,
* format strings are reused as necessary to use up the provided
* arguments, arguments of zero/null string are provided to use
* up the format string.
*/
fmt = format = *argv;
escape(fmt, 1, &len); /* backslash interpretation */
rval = end = 0;
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gargv = ++argv;
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for (;;) {
maxargv = gargv;
myargv = gargv;
for (myargc = 0; gargv[myargc]; myargc++)
/* nop */;
start = fmt;
while (fmt < format + len) {
if (fmt[0] == '%') {
fwrite(start, 1, fmt - start, stdout);
if (fmt[1] == '%') {
/* %% prints a % */
putchar('%');
fmt += 2;
} else {
fmt = printf_doformat(fmt, &rval);
if (fmt == NULL || fmt == end_fmt) {
#ifdef SHELL
INTON;
#endif
return (fmt == NULL ? 1 : rval);
}
end = 0;
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}
start = fmt;
} else
fmt++;
if (gargv > maxargv)
maxargv = gargv;
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}
gargv = maxargv;
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if (end == 1) {
warnx("missing format character");
#ifdef SHELL
INTON;
#endif
return (1);
}
fwrite(start, 1, fmt - start, stdout);
if (!*gargv) {
#ifdef SHELL
INTON;
#endif
return (rval);
}
/* Restart at the beginning of the format string. */
fmt = format;
end = 1;
}
/* NOTREACHED */
}
static char *
printf_doformat(char *fmt, int *rval)
{
static const char skip1[] = "#'-+ 0";
int fieldwidth, haveprec, havewidth, mod_ldbl, precision;
char convch, nextch;
char start[strlen(fmt) + 1];
char **fargv;
char *dptr;
int l;
dptr = start;
*dptr++ = '%';
*dptr = 0;
fmt++;
/* look for "n$" field index specifier */
l = strspn(fmt, digits);
if ((l > 0) && (fmt[l] == '$')) {
int idx = atoi(fmt);
if (idx <= myargc) {
gargv = &myargv[idx - 1];
} else {
gargv = &myargv[myargc];
}
if (gargv > maxargv)
maxargv = gargv;
fmt += l + 1;
/* save format argument */
fargv = gargv;
} else {
fargv = NULL;
}
/* skip to field width */
while (*fmt && strchr(skip1, *fmt) != NULL) {
*dptr++ = *fmt++;
*dptr = 0;
}
if (*fmt == '*') {
fmt++;
l = strspn(fmt, digits);
if ((l > 0) && (fmt[l] == '$')) {
int idx = atoi(fmt);
if (fargv == NULL) {
warnx("incomplete use of n$");
return (NULL);
}
if (idx <= myargc) {
gargv = &myargv[idx - 1];
} else {
gargv = &myargv[myargc];
}
fmt += l + 1;
} else if (fargv != NULL) {
warnx("incomplete use of n$");
return (NULL);
}
if (getint(&fieldwidth))
return (NULL);
if (gargv > maxargv)
maxargv = gargv;
havewidth = 1;
*dptr++ = '*';
*dptr = 0;
} else {
havewidth = 0;
/* skip to possible '.', get following precision */
while (isdigit(*fmt)) {
*dptr++ = *fmt++;
*dptr = 0;
}
}
if (*fmt == '.') {
/* precision present? */
fmt++;
*dptr++ = '.';
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if (*fmt == '*') {
fmt++;
l = strspn(fmt, digits);
if ((l > 0) && (fmt[l] == '$')) {
int idx = atoi(fmt);
if (fargv == NULL) {
warnx("incomplete use of n$");
return (NULL);
}
if (idx <= myargc) {
gargv = &myargv[idx - 1];
} else {
gargv = &myargv[myargc];
}
fmt += l + 1;
} else if (fargv != NULL) {
warnx("incomplete use of n$");
return (NULL);
}
if (getint(&precision))
return (NULL);
if (gargv > maxargv)
maxargv = gargv;
haveprec = 1;
*dptr++ = '*';
*dptr = 0;
} else {
haveprec = 0;
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/* skip to conversion char */
while (isdigit(*fmt)) {
*dptr++ = *fmt++;
*dptr = 0;
}
}
} else
haveprec = 0;
if (!*fmt) {
warnx("missing format character");
return (NULL);
}
*dptr++ = *fmt;
*dptr = 0;
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/*
* Look for a length modifier. POSIX doesn't have these, so
* we only support them for floating-point conversions, which
* are extensions. This is useful because the L modifier can
* be used to gain extra range and precision, while omitting
* it is more likely to produce consistent results on different
* architectures. This is not so important for integers
* because overflow is the only bad thing that can happen to
* them, but consider the command printf %a 1.1
*/
if (*fmt == 'L') {
mod_ldbl = 1;
fmt++;
if (!strchr("aAeEfFgG", *fmt)) {
warnx("bad modifier L for %%%c", *fmt);
return (NULL);
}
} else {
mod_ldbl = 0;
}
/* save the current arg offset, and set to the format arg */
if (fargv != NULL) {
gargv = fargv;
}
convch = *fmt;
nextch = *++fmt;
*fmt = '\0';
switch (convch) {
case 'b': {
size_t len;
char *p;
int getout;
p = strdup(getstr());
if (p == NULL) {
warnx("%s", strerror(ENOMEM));
return (NULL);
}
getout = escape(p, 0, &len);
fputs(p, stdout);
free(p);
if (getout)
return (end_fmt);
break;
}
case 'c': {
char p;
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p = getchr();
PF(start, p);
break;
}
case 's': {
const char *p;
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p = getstr();
PF(start, p);
break;
}
case 'd': case 'i': case 'o': case 'u': case 'x': case 'X': {
char *f;
intmax_t val;
uintmax_t uval;
int signedconv;
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signedconv = (convch == 'd' || convch == 'i');
if ((f = mknum(start, convch)) == NULL)
return (NULL);
if (getnum(&val, &uval, signedconv))
*rval = 1;
if (signedconv)
PF(f, val);
else
PF(f, uval);
break;
}
case 'e': case 'E':
case 'f': case 'F':
case 'g': case 'G':
case 'a': case 'A': {
long double p;
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if (getfloating(&p, mod_ldbl))
*rval = 1;
if (mod_ldbl)
PF(start, p);
else
PF(start, (double)p);
break;
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}
default:
warnx("illegal format character %c", convch);
return (NULL);
}
*fmt = nextch;
/* return the gargv to the next element */
return (fmt);
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}
static char *
mknum(char *str, char ch)
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{
static char *copy;
static size_t copy_size;
char *newcopy;
size_t len, newlen;
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len = strlen(str) + 2;
if (len > copy_size) {
newlen = ((len + 1023) >> 10) << 10;
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if ((newcopy = realloc(copy, newlen)) == NULL) {
warnx("%s", strerror(ENOMEM));
return (NULL);
}
copy = newcopy;
copy_size = newlen;
}
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memmove(copy, str, len - 3);
copy[len - 3] = 'j';
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copy[len - 2] = ch;
copy[len - 1] = '\0';
return (copy);
}
static int
escape(char *fmt, int percent, size_t *len)
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{
char *save, *store, c;
int value;
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for (save = store = fmt; ((c = *fmt) != 0); ++fmt, ++store) {
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if (c != '\\') {
*store = c;
continue;
}
switch (*++fmt) {
case '\0': /* EOS, user error */
*store = '\\';
*++store = '\0';
*len = store - save;
return (0);
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case '\\': /* backslash */
case '\'': /* single quote */
*store = *fmt;
break;
case 'a': /* bell/alert */
*store = '\a';
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break;
case 'b': /* backspace */
*store = '\b';
break;
case 'c':
if (!percent) {
*store = '\0';
*len = store - save;
return (1);
}
*store = 'c';
break;
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case 'f': /* form-feed */
*store = '\f';
break;
case 'n': /* newline */
*store = '\n';
break;
case 'r': /* carriage-return */
*store = '\r';
break;
case 't': /* horizontal tab */
*store = '\t';
break;
case 'v': /* vertical tab */
*store = '\v';
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break;
/* octal constant */
case '0': case '1': case '2': case '3':
case '4': case '5': case '6': case '7':
c = (!percent && *fmt == '0') ? 4 : 3;
for (value = 0;
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c-- && *fmt >= '0' && *fmt <= '7'; ++fmt) {
value <<= 3;
value += *fmt - '0';
}
--fmt;
if (percent && value == '%') {
*store++ = '%';
*store = '%';
} else
*store = (char)value;
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break;
default:
*store = *fmt;
break;
}
}
*store = '\0';
*len = store - save;
return (0);
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}
static int
getchr(void)
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{
if (!*gargv)
return ('\0');
return ((int)**gargv++);
}
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static const char *
getstr(void)
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{
if (!*gargv)
return ("");
return (*gargv++);
}
static int
getint(int *ip)
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{
intmax_t val;
uintmax_t uval;
int rval;
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if (getnum(&val, &uval, 1))
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return (1);
rval = 0;
if (val < INT_MIN || val > INT_MAX) {
warnx("%s: %s", *gargv, strerror(ERANGE));
rval = 1;
}
*ip = (int)val;
return (rval);
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}
static int
getnum(intmax_t *ip, uintmax_t *uip, int signedconv)
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{
char *ep;
int rval;
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if (!*gargv) {
*ip = *uip = 0;
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return (0);
}
if (**gargv == '"' || **gargv == '\'') {
if (signedconv)
*ip = asciicode();
else
*uip = asciicode();
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return (0);
}
rval = 0;
errno = 0;
if (signedconv)
*ip = strtoimax(*gargv, &ep, 0);
else
*uip = strtoumax(*gargv, &ep, 0);
if (ep == *gargv) {
warnx("%s: expected numeric value", *gargv);
rval = 1;
}
else if (*ep != '\0') {
warnx("%s: not completely converted", *gargv);
rval = 1;
}
if (errno == ERANGE) {
warnx("%s: %s", *gargv, strerror(ERANGE));
rval = 1;
}
++gargv;
return (rval);
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}
static int
getfloating(long double *dp, int mod_ldbl)
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{
char *ep;
int rval;
if (!*gargv) {
*dp = 0.0;
return (0);
}
if (**gargv == '"' || **gargv == '\'') {
*dp = asciicode();
return (0);
}
rval = 0;
errno = 0;
if (mod_ldbl)
*dp = strtold(*gargv, &ep);
else
*dp = strtod(*gargv, &ep);
if (ep == *gargv) {
warnx("%s: expected numeric value", *gargv);
rval = 1;
} else if (*ep != '\0') {
warnx("%s: not completely converted", *gargv);
rval = 1;
}
if (errno == ERANGE) {
warnx("%s: %s", *gargv, strerror(ERANGE));
rval = 1;
}
++gargv;
return (rval);
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}
static int
asciicode(void)
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{
int ch;
wchar_t wch;
mbstate_t mbs;
ch = (unsigned char)**gargv;
if (ch == '\'' || ch == '"') {
memset(&mbs, 0, sizeof(mbs));
switch (mbrtowc(&wch, *gargv + 1, MB_LEN_MAX, &mbs)) {
case (size_t)-2:
case (size_t)-1:
wch = (unsigned char)gargv[0][1];
break;
case 0:
wch = 0;
break;
}
ch = wch;
}
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++gargv;
return (ch);
}
static void
usage(void)
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{
(void)fprintf(stderr, "usage: printf format [arguments ...]\n");
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}