1994-05-27 12:33:43 +00:00
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.\" Copyright (c) 1990, 1991, 1993, 1994
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.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
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.\"
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.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
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.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
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.\" are met:
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.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
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.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
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.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
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2017-02-28 23:42:47 +00:00
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.\" 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
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1994-05-27 12:33:43 +00:00
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.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
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.\" without specific prior written permission.
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.\"
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.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
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.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
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.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
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.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
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.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
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.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
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.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
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.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
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.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
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.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
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.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
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.\"
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.\" @(#)split.1 8.3 (Berkeley) 4/16/94
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1999-08-28 01:08:13 +00:00
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.\" $FreeBSD$
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1994-05-27 12:33:43 +00:00
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.\"
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2022-08-23 02:05:58 +00:00
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.Dd October 25, 2022
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1994-05-27 12:33:43 +00:00
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.Dt SPLIT 1
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.Os
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.Sh NAME
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.Nm split
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.Nd split a file into pieces
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.Sh SYNOPSIS
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2000-11-20 19:21:22 +00:00
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.Nm
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2013-05-10 04:23:03 +00:00
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.Fl d
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1994-05-27 12:33:43 +00:00
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.Op Fl l Ar line_count
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2006-08-08 21:25:22 +00:00
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.Op Fl a Ar suffix_length
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.Op Ar file Op Ar prefix
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.Nm
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2013-05-10 04:23:03 +00:00
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.Fl d
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2006-08-08 21:25:22 +00:00
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.Fl b Ar byte_count Ns
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.Oo
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2006-09-29 15:20:48 +00:00
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.Sm off
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.Cm K | k | M | m | G | g
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.Sm on
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2006-08-08 21:25:22 +00:00
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.Oc
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.Op Fl a Ar suffix_length
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.Op Ar file Op Ar prefix
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.Nm
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2013-05-10 04:23:03 +00:00
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.Fl d
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2008-03-16 15:15:32 +00:00
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.Fl n Ar chunk_count
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.Op Fl a Ar suffix_length
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.Op Ar file Op Ar prefix
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.Nm
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2013-05-10 04:23:03 +00:00
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.Fl d
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2006-08-08 21:25:22 +00:00
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.Fl p Ar pattern
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.Op Fl a Ar suffix_length
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.Op Ar file Op Ar prefix
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1994-05-27 12:33:43 +00:00
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.Sh DESCRIPTION
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The
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2000-11-20 19:21:22 +00:00
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.Nm
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1994-05-27 12:33:43 +00:00
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utility reads the given
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.Ar file
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2006-08-08 21:25:22 +00:00
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and breaks it up into files of 1000 lines each
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(if no options are specified), leaving the
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.Ar file
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unchanged.
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2002-05-27 05:27:10 +00:00
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If
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.Ar file
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is a single dash
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2002-05-30 06:07:29 +00:00
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.Pq Sq Fl
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2002-05-27 05:27:10 +00:00
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or absent,
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.Nm
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reads from the standard input.
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1994-05-27 12:33:43 +00:00
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.Pp
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The options are as follows:
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2006-08-08 21:25:22 +00:00
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.Bl -tag -width indent
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2005-08-30 12:48:28 +00:00
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.It Fl a Ar suffix_length
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2002-02-01 06:55:18 +00:00
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Use
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.Ar suffix_length
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letters to form the suffix of the file name.
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2006-09-29 15:20:48 +00:00
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.It Fl b Ar byte_count Ns Oo
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.Sm off
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.Cm K | k | M | m | G | g
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.Sm on
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.Oc
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2009-01-24 05:32:11 +00:00
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Create split files
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1994-05-27 12:33:43 +00:00
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.Ar byte_count
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bytes in length.
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If
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2005-11-18 10:36:29 +00:00
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.Cm k
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2006-08-10 10:41:47 +00:00
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or
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.Cm K
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1994-05-27 12:33:43 +00:00
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is appended to the number, the file is split into
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.Ar byte_count
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kilobyte pieces.
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If
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2005-11-18 10:36:29 +00:00
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.Cm m
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2006-08-10 10:41:47 +00:00
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or
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.Cm M
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1994-05-27 12:33:43 +00:00
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is appended to the number, the file is split into
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.Ar byte_count
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megabyte pieces.
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2006-08-10 10:41:47 +00:00
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If
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.Cm g
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or
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.Cm G
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is appended to the number, the file is split into
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.Ar byte_count
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gigabyte pieces.
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2013-05-10 04:23:03 +00:00
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.It Fl d
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Use a numeric suffix instead of a alphabetic suffix.
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2005-08-30 12:48:28 +00:00
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.It Fl l Ar line_count
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2009-01-24 05:32:11 +00:00
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Create split files
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2006-08-08 21:25:22 +00:00
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.Ar line_count
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1994-05-27 12:33:43 +00:00
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lines in length.
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2008-03-16 15:15:32 +00:00
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.It Fl n Ar chunk_count
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2010-09-02 21:29:50 +00:00
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Split file into
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2008-03-16 15:15:32 +00:00
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.Ar chunk_count
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smaller files.
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2020-06-18 15:14:10 +00:00
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The first n - 1 files will be of size (size of
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.Ar file
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/
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.Ar chunk_count
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)
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and the last file will contain the remaining bytes.
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1999-02-01 21:16:45 +00:00
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.It Fl p Ar pattern
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The file is split whenever an input line matches
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.Ar pattern ,
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which is interpreted as an extended regular expression.
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The matching line will be the first line of the next output file.
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This option is incompatible with the
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.Fl b
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and
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.Fl l
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options.
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1994-05-27 12:33:43 +00:00
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.El
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.Pp
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If additional arguments are specified, the first is used as the name
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of the input file which is to be split.
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If a second additional argument is specified, it is used as a prefix
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for the names of the files into which the file is split.
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In this case, each file into which the file is split is named by the
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2002-02-01 06:55:18 +00:00
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prefix followed by a lexically ordered suffix using
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.Ar suffix_length
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characters in the range
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2006-09-29 15:20:48 +00:00
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.Dq Li a Ns - Ns Li z .
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2002-02-01 06:55:18 +00:00
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If
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.Fl a
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is not specified, two letters are used as the suffix.
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1994-05-27 12:33:43 +00:00
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.Pp
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If the
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2006-08-08 21:25:22 +00:00
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.Ar prefix
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1994-05-27 12:33:43 +00:00
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argument is not specified, the file is split into lexically ordered
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2005-08-21 06:35:02 +00:00
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files named with the prefix
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.Dq Li x
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2002-02-01 06:55:18 +00:00
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and with suffixes as above.
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2004-07-11 14:47:32 +00:00
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.Sh ENVIRONMENT
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The
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.Ev LANG , LC_ALL , LC_CTYPE
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and
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.Ev LC_COLLATE
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environment variables affect the execution of
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.Nm
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as described in
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.Xr environ 7 .
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2005-01-17 07:44:44 +00:00
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.Sh EXIT STATUS
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2004-07-11 14:47:32 +00:00
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.Ex -std
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2020-06-18 15:14:10 +00:00
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.Sh EXAMPLES
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Split input into as many files as needed, so that each file contains at most 2
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lines:
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.Bd -literal -offset indent
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$ echo -e "first line\\nsecond line\\nthird line\\nforth line" | split -l2
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.Ed
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.Pp
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Split input in chunks of 10 bytes using numeric prefixes for file names.
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This generates two files of 10 bytes (x00 and x01) and a third file (x02) with the
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remaining 2 bytes:
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.Bd -literal -offset indent
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$ echo -e "This is 22 bytes long" | split -d -b10
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.Ed
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.Pp
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Split input generating 6 files:
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.Bd -literal -offset indent
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echo -e "This is 22 bytes long" | split -n 6
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.Ed
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.Pp
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Split input creating a new file every time a line matches the regular expression
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for a
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.Dq t
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followed by either
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.Dq a
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or
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.Dq u
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thus creating two files:
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.Bd -literal -offset indent
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$ echo -e "stack\\nstock\\nstuck\\nanother line" | split -p 't[au]'
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.Ed
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1999-02-01 21:16:45 +00:00
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.Sh SEE ALSO
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2002-05-27 06:08:14 +00:00
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.Xr csplit 1 ,
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2000-11-15 17:27:54 +00:00
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.Xr re_format 7
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2002-05-27 06:08:14 +00:00
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.Sh STANDARDS
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The
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.Nm
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utility conforms to
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.St -p1003.1-2001 .
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1994-05-27 12:33:43 +00:00
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.Sh HISTORY
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A
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2000-11-20 19:21:22 +00:00
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.Nm
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1994-05-27 12:33:43 +00:00
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command appeared in
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2002-06-03 14:41:32 +00:00
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.At v3 .
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2022-08-23 02:05:58 +00:00
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.Pp
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Before
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.Fx 14 ,
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2022-10-25 21:51:21 +00:00
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pattern and line matching only operated on lines shorter than 65,536 bytes.
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