2014-12-02 07:34:06 +00:00
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.\" $Id: mandoc.3,v 1.29 2014/11/26 23:42:14 schwarze Exp $
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2012-10-18 09:55:16 +00:00
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.\"
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.\" Copyright (c) 2009, 2010, 2011 Kristaps Dzonsons <kristaps@bsd.lv>
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.\" Copyright (c) 2010 Ingo Schwarze <schwarze@openbsd.org>
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.\"
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.\" Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any
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.\" purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
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.\" copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.
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.\"
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.\" THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES
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.\" WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
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.\" MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR
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.\" ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES
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.\" WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN
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.\" ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF
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.\" OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
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.\"
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2014-12-02 07:34:06 +00:00
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.Dd $Mdocdate: November 26 2014 $
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2012-10-18 09:55:16 +00:00
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.Dt MANDOC 3
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.Os
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.Sh NAME
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.Nm mandoc ,
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2014-11-22 18:08:25 +00:00
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.Nm man_deroff ,
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2012-10-18 09:55:16 +00:00
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.Nm man_meta ,
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.Nm man_mparse ,
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.Nm man_node ,
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2014-11-22 18:08:25 +00:00
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.Nm mdoc_deroff ,
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2012-10-18 09:55:16 +00:00
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.Nm mdoc_meta ,
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.Nm mdoc_node ,
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.Nm mparse_alloc ,
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.Nm mparse_free ,
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.Nm mparse_getkeep ,
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.Nm mparse_keep ,
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.Nm mparse_open ,
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2012-10-18 09:55:16 +00:00
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.Nm mparse_readfd ,
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.Nm mparse_reset ,
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.Nm mparse_result ,
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.Nm mparse_strerror ,
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.Nm mparse_strlevel
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.Nm mparse_wait ,
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2012-10-18 09:55:16 +00:00
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.Nd mandoc macro compiler library
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.Sh LIBRARY
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2014-01-31 19:59:03 +00:00
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.Lb libmandoc
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2012-10-18 09:55:16 +00:00
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.Sh SYNOPSIS
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2014-11-22 18:08:25 +00:00
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.In sys/types.h
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.In mandoc.h
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2014-11-22 18:08:25 +00:00
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.Fd "#define ASCII_NBRSP"
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.Fd "#define ASCII_HYPH"
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.Fd "#define ASCII_BREAK"
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.Ft struct mparse *
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.Fo mparse_alloc
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.Fa "int options"
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.Fa "enum mandoclevel wlevel"
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.Fa "mandocmsg mmsg"
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.Fa "const struct mchars *mchars"
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.Fa "char *defos"
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.Fc
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.Ft void
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.Fo (*mandocmsg)
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.Fa "enum mandocerr errtype"
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.Fa "enum mandoclevel level"
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.Fa "const char *file"
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.Fa "int line"
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.Fa "int col"
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.Fa "const char *msg"
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.Fc
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.Ft void
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.Fo mparse_free
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.Fa "struct mparse *parse"
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.Fc
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.Ft const char *
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.Fo mparse_getkeep
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.Fa "const struct mparse *parse"
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.Fc
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.Ft void
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.Fo mparse_keep
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.Fa "struct mparse *parse"
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.Fc
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.Ft "enum mandoclevel"
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.Fo mparse_open
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.Fa "struct mparse *parse"
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.Fa "int *fd"
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.Fa "const char *fname"
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.Fc
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.Ft "enum mandoclevel"
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2012-10-18 09:55:16 +00:00
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.Fo mparse_readfd
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.Fa "struct mparse *parse"
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.Fa "int fd"
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.Fa "const char *fname"
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.Fc
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.Ft void
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.Fo mparse_reset
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.Fa "struct mparse *parse"
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.Fc
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.Ft void
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.Fo mparse_result
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.Fa "struct mparse *parse"
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.Fa "struct mdoc **mdoc"
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.Fa "struct man **man"
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.Fa "char **sodest"
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.Fc
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.Ft "const char *"
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.Fo mparse_strerror
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.Fa "enum mandocerr"
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.Fc
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.Ft "const char *"
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.Fo mparse_strlevel
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.Fa "enum mandoclevel"
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.Fc
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.Ft "enum mandoclevel"
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.Fo mparse_wait
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.Fa "struct mparse *parse"
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.Fc
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2014-11-22 18:08:25 +00:00
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.In sys/types.h
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.In mandoc.h
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.In mdoc.h
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.Ft void
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.Fo mdoc_deroff
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.Fa "char **dest"
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.Fa "const struct mdoc_node *node"
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.Fc
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.Ft "const struct mdoc_meta *"
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.Fo mdoc_meta
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.Fa "const struct mdoc *mdoc"
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.Fc
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.Ft "const struct mdoc_node *"
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.Fo mdoc_node
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.Fa "const struct mdoc *mdoc"
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.Fc
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2012-10-18 09:55:16 +00:00
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.Vt extern const char * const * mdoc_argnames;
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.Vt extern const char * const * mdoc_macronames;
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2014-11-22 18:08:25 +00:00
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.In sys/types.h
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.In mandoc.h
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.In man.h
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.Ft void
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.Fo man_deroff
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.Fa "char **dest"
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.Fa "const struct man_node *node"
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.Fc
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.Ft "const struct man_meta *"
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.Fo man_meta
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.Fa "const struct man *man"
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.Fc
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.Ft "const struct mparse *"
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.Fo man_mparse
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.Fa "const struct man *man"
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.Fc
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.Ft "const struct man_node *"
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.Fo man_node
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.Fa "const struct man *man"
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.Fc
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.Vt extern const char * const * man_macronames;
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2012-10-18 09:55:16 +00:00
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.Sh DESCRIPTION
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The
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.Nm mandoc
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library parses a
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.Ux
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manual into an abstract syntax tree (AST).
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.Ux
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manuals are composed of
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.Xr mdoc 7
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or
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.Xr man 7 ,
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and may be mixed with
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.Xr roff 7 ,
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.Xr tbl 7 ,
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and
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.Xr eqn 7
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invocations.
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.Pp
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The following describes a general parse sequence:
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.Bl -enum
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.It
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initiate a parsing sequence with
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2014-12-02 07:34:06 +00:00
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.Xr mchars_alloc 3
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and
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2012-10-18 09:55:16 +00:00
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.Fn mparse_alloc ;
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.It
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parse files or file descriptors with
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.Fn mparse_readfd ;
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.It
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retrieve a parsed syntax tree, if the parse was successful, with
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.Fn mparse_result ;
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.It
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iterate over parse nodes with
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.Fn mdoc_node
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or
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.Fn man_node ;
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.It
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free all allocated memory with
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2014-12-02 07:34:06 +00:00
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.Fn mparse_free
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and
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.Xr mchars_free 3 ,
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2012-10-18 09:55:16 +00:00
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or invoke
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.Fn mparse_reset
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and parse new files.
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.El
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.Sh REFERENCE
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This section documents the functions, types, and variables available
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via
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2014-11-22 18:08:25 +00:00
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.In mandoc.h ,
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with the exception of those documented in
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.Xr mandoc_escape 3
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and
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.Xr mchars_alloc 3 .
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2012-10-18 09:55:16 +00:00
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.Ss Types
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.Bl -ohang
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.It Vt "enum mandocerr"
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A fatal error, error, or warning message during parsing.
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.It Vt "enum mandoclevel"
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A classification of an
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2014-11-22 18:08:25 +00:00
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.Vt "enum mandocerr"
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2012-10-18 09:55:16 +00:00
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as regards system operation.
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2014-12-02 07:34:06 +00:00
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.It Vt "struct mchars"
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An opaque pointer to a a character table.
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Created with
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.Xr mchars_alloc 3
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and freed with
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.Xr mchars_free 3 .
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2012-10-18 09:55:16 +00:00
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.It Vt "struct mparse"
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An opaque pointer to a running parse sequence.
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Created with
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.Fn mparse_alloc
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and freed with
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.Fn mparse_free .
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This may be used across parsed input if
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.Fn mparse_reset
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is called between parses.
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.It Vt "mandocmsg"
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A prototype for a function to handle fatal error, error, and warning
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messages emitted by the parser.
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.El
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.Ss Functions
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.Bl -ohang
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2014-11-22 18:08:25 +00:00
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.It Fn man_deroff
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Obtain a text-only representation of a
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.Vt struct man_node ,
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including text contained in its child nodes.
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To be used on children of the pointer returned from
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.Fn man_node .
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When it is no longer needed, the pointer returned from
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.Fn man_deroff
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can be passed to
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.Xr free 3 .
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2012-10-18 09:55:16 +00:00
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.It Fn man_meta
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2014-11-22 18:08:25 +00:00
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Obtain the meta-data of a successful
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.Xr man 7
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parse.
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2012-10-18 09:55:16 +00:00
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This may only be used on a pointer returned by
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.Fn mparse_result .
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2014-01-31 19:59:03 +00:00
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Declared in
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.In man.h ,
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implemented in
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.Pa man.c .
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2012-10-18 09:55:16 +00:00
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.It Fn man_mparse
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Get the parser used for the current output.
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2014-01-31 19:59:03 +00:00
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Declared in
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.In man.h ,
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implemented in
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.Pa man.c .
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2012-10-18 09:55:16 +00:00
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.It Fn man_node
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2014-11-22 18:08:25 +00:00
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Obtain the root node of a successful
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.Xr man 7
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parse.
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2012-10-18 09:55:16 +00:00
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This may only be used on a pointer returned by
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.Fn mparse_result .
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2014-01-31 19:59:03 +00:00
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Declared in
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.In man.h ,
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implemented in
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.Pa man.c .
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2014-11-22 18:08:25 +00:00
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.It Fn mdoc_deroff
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Obtain a text-only representation of a
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.Vt struct mdoc_node ,
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including text contained in its child nodes.
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To be used on children of the pointer returned from
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.Fn mdoc_node .
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When it is no longer needed, the pointer returned from
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.Fn mdoc_deroff
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can be passed to
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.Xr free 3 .
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.It Fn mdoc_meta
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2014-11-22 18:08:25 +00:00
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Obtain the meta-data of a successful
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.Xr mdoc
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parse.
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2012-10-18 09:55:16 +00:00
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This may only be used on a pointer returned by
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.Fn mparse_result .
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2014-01-31 19:59:03 +00:00
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Declared in
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.In mdoc.h ,
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implemented in
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.Pa mdoc.c .
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2012-10-18 09:55:16 +00:00
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.It Fn mdoc_node
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2014-11-22 18:08:25 +00:00
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Obtain the root node of a successful
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.Xr mdoc
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parse.
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2012-10-18 09:55:16 +00:00
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This may only be used on a pointer returned by
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.Fn mparse_result .
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2014-01-31 19:59:03 +00:00
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Declared in
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.In mdoc.h ,
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implemented in
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.Pa mdoc.c .
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2012-10-18 09:55:16 +00:00
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.It Fn mparse_alloc
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Allocate a parser.
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2014-11-22 18:08:25 +00:00
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The arguments have the following effect:
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.Bl -tag -offset 5n -width inttype
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.It Ar options
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When the
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.Dv MPARSE_MDOC
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or
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.Dv MPARSE_MAN
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bit is set, only that parser is used.
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Otherwise, the document type is automatically detected.
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.Pp
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When the
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.Dv MPARSE_SO
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bit is set,
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.Xr roff 7
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.Ic \&so
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file inclusion requests are always honoured.
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Otherwise, if the request is the only content in an input file,
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only the file name is remembered, to be returned in the
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.Fa sodest
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argument of
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.Fn mparse_result .
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.Pp
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When the
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.Dv MPARSE_QUICK
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bit is set, parsing is aborted after the NAME section.
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This is for example useful in
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.Xr makewhatis 8
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.Fl Q
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to quickly build minimal databases.
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.It Ar wlevel
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Can be set to
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.Dv MANDOCLEVEL_FATAL ,
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.Dv MANDOCLEVEL_ERROR ,
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or
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.Dv MANDOCLEVEL_WARNING .
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Messages below the selected level will be suppressed.
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.It Ar mmsg
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A callback function to handle errors and warnings.
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See
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.Pa main.c
|
|
|
|
for an example.
|
2014-12-02 07:34:06 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Ar mchars
|
|
|
|
An opaque pointer to a a character table obtained from
|
|
|
|
.Xr mchars_alloc 3 .
|
2014-11-22 18:08:25 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Ar defos
|
|
|
|
A default string for the
|
|
|
|
.Xr mdoc 7
|
|
|
|
.Sq \&Os
|
|
|
|
macro, overriding the
|
|
|
|
.Dv OSNAME
|
|
|
|
preprocessor definition and the results of
|
|
|
|
.Xr uname 3 .
|
|
|
|
.El
|
|
|
|
.Pp
|
2012-10-18 09:55:16 +00:00
|
|
|
The same parser may be used for multiple files so long as
|
|
|
|
.Fn mparse_reset
|
|
|
|
is called between parses.
|
|
|
|
.Fn mparse_free
|
|
|
|
must be called to free the memory allocated by this function.
|
2014-01-31 19:59:03 +00:00
|
|
|
Declared in
|
|
|
|
.In mandoc.h ,
|
|
|
|
implemented in
|
|
|
|
.Pa read.c .
|
2012-10-18 09:55:16 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Fn mparse_free
|
|
|
|
Free all memory allocated by
|
|
|
|
.Fn mparse_alloc .
|
2014-01-31 19:59:03 +00:00
|
|
|
Declared in
|
|
|
|
.In mandoc.h ,
|
|
|
|
implemented in
|
|
|
|
.Pa read.c .
|
2012-10-18 09:55:16 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Fn mparse_getkeep
|
|
|
|
Acquire the keep buffer.
|
|
|
|
Must follow a call of
|
|
|
|
.Fn mparse_keep .
|
2014-01-31 19:59:03 +00:00
|
|
|
Declared in
|
|
|
|
.In mandoc.h ,
|
|
|
|
implemented in
|
|
|
|
.Pa read.c .
|
2012-10-18 09:55:16 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Fn mparse_keep
|
|
|
|
Instruct the parser to retain a copy of its parsed input.
|
|
|
|
This can be acquired with subsequent
|
|
|
|
.Fn mparse_getkeep
|
|
|
|
calls.
|
2014-01-31 19:59:03 +00:00
|
|
|
Declared in
|
|
|
|
.In mandoc.h ,
|
|
|
|
implemented in
|
|
|
|
.Pa read.c .
|
2014-12-02 07:34:06 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Fn mparse_open
|
|
|
|
If the
|
|
|
|
.Fa fname
|
|
|
|
ends in
|
|
|
|
.Pa .gz ,
|
|
|
|
open with
|
|
|
|
.Xr gunzip 1 ;
|
|
|
|
otherwise, with
|
|
|
|
.Xr open 2 .
|
|
|
|
If
|
|
|
|
.Xr open 2
|
|
|
|
fails, append
|
|
|
|
.Pa .gz
|
|
|
|
and try with
|
|
|
|
.Xr gunzip 1 .
|
|
|
|
Return a file descriptor open for reading in
|
|
|
|
.Fa fd ,
|
|
|
|
or -1 on failure.
|
|
|
|
It can be passed to
|
|
|
|
.Fn mparse_readfd
|
|
|
|
or used directly.
|
|
|
|
Declared in
|
|
|
|
.In mandoc.h ,
|
|
|
|
implemented in
|
|
|
|
.Pa read.c .
|
2012-10-18 09:55:16 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Fn mparse_readfd
|
|
|
|
Parse a file or file descriptor.
|
|
|
|
If
|
|
|
|
.Va fd
|
2014-12-02 07:34:06 +00:00
|
|
|
is -1, open
|
2012-10-18 09:55:16 +00:00
|
|
|
.Va fname
|
2014-12-02 07:34:06 +00:00
|
|
|
with
|
|
|
|
.Fn mparse_open .
|
2012-10-18 09:55:16 +00:00
|
|
|
Otherwise,
|
|
|
|
.Va fname
|
|
|
|
is assumed to be the name associated with
|
|
|
|
.Va fd .
|
2014-12-02 07:34:06 +00:00
|
|
|
Calls
|
|
|
|
.Fn mparse_wait
|
|
|
|
before returning.
|
|
|
|
This function may be called multiple times with different parameters; however,
|
2012-10-18 09:55:16 +00:00
|
|
|
.Fn mparse_reset
|
|
|
|
should be invoked between parses.
|
2014-01-31 19:59:03 +00:00
|
|
|
Declared in
|
|
|
|
.In mandoc.h ,
|
|
|
|
implemented in
|
|
|
|
.Pa read.c .
|
2012-10-18 09:55:16 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Fn mparse_reset
|
|
|
|
Reset a parser so that
|
|
|
|
.Fn mparse_readfd
|
|
|
|
may be used again.
|
2014-01-31 19:59:03 +00:00
|
|
|
Declared in
|
|
|
|
.In mandoc.h ,
|
|
|
|
implemented in
|
|
|
|
.Pa read.c .
|
2012-10-18 09:55:16 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Fn mparse_result
|
|
|
|
Obtain the result of a parse.
|
|
|
|
Only successful parses
|
|
|
|
.Po
|
|
|
|
i.e., those where
|
|
|
|
.Fn mparse_readfd
|
|
|
|
returned less than MANDOCLEVEL_FATAL
|
|
|
|
.Pc
|
2014-11-22 18:08:25 +00:00
|
|
|
should invoke this function, in which case one of the three pointers will
|
2012-10-18 09:55:16 +00:00
|
|
|
be filled in.
|
2014-01-31 19:59:03 +00:00
|
|
|
Declared in
|
|
|
|
.In mandoc.h ,
|
|
|
|
implemented in
|
|
|
|
.Pa read.c .
|
2012-10-18 09:55:16 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Fn mparse_strerror
|
|
|
|
Return a statically-allocated string representation of an error code.
|
2014-01-31 19:59:03 +00:00
|
|
|
Declared in
|
|
|
|
.In mandoc.h ,
|
|
|
|
implemented in
|
|
|
|
.Pa read.c .
|
2012-10-18 09:55:16 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Fn mparse_strlevel
|
|
|
|
Return a statically-allocated string representation of a level code.
|
2014-01-31 19:59:03 +00:00
|
|
|
Declared in
|
|
|
|
.In mandoc.h ,
|
|
|
|
implemented in
|
|
|
|
.Pa read.c .
|
2014-12-02 07:34:06 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Fn mparse_wait
|
|
|
|
Bury a
|
|
|
|
.Xr gunzip 1
|
|
|
|
child process that was spawned with
|
|
|
|
.Fn mparse_open .
|
|
|
|
To be called after the parse sequence is complete.
|
|
|
|
Not needed after
|
|
|
|
.Fn mparse_readfd ,
|
|
|
|
but does no harm in that case, either.
|
|
|
|
Returns
|
|
|
|
.Dv MANDOCLEVEL_OK
|
|
|
|
on success and
|
|
|
|
.Dv MANDOCLEVEL_SYSERR
|
|
|
|
on failure, that is, when
|
|
|
|
.Xr wait 2
|
|
|
|
fails, or when
|
|
|
|
.Xr gunzip 1
|
|
|
|
died from a signal or exited with non-zero status.
|
|
|
|
Declared in
|
|
|
|
.In mandoc.h ,
|
|
|
|
implemented in
|
|
|
|
.Pa read.c .
|
2012-10-18 09:55:16 +00:00
|
|
|
.El
|
|
|
|
.Ss Variables
|
|
|
|
.Bl -ohang
|
|
|
|
.It Va man_macronames
|
|
|
|
The string representation of a man macro as indexed by
|
|
|
|
.Vt "enum mant" .
|
|
|
|
.It Va mdoc_argnames
|
|
|
|
The string representation of a mdoc macro argument as indexed by
|
|
|
|
.Vt "enum mdocargt" .
|
|
|
|
.It Va mdoc_macronames
|
|
|
|
The string representation of a mdoc macro as indexed by
|
|
|
|
.Vt "enum mdoct" .
|
|
|
|
.El
|
|
|
|
.Sh IMPLEMENTATION NOTES
|
|
|
|
This section consists of structural documentation for
|
|
|
|
.Xr mdoc 7
|
|
|
|
and
|
|
|
|
.Xr man 7
|
|
|
|
syntax trees and strings.
|
|
|
|
.Ss Man and Mdoc Strings
|
|
|
|
Strings may be extracted from mdoc and man meta-data, or from text
|
|
|
|
nodes (MDOC_TEXT and MAN_TEXT, respectively).
|
|
|
|
These strings have special non-printing formatting cues embedded in the
|
|
|
|
text itself, as well as
|
|
|
|
.Xr roff 7
|
|
|
|
escapes preserved from input.
|
|
|
|
Implementing systems will need to handle both situations to produce
|
|
|
|
human-readable text.
|
|
|
|
In general, strings may be assumed to consist of 7-bit ASCII characters.
|
|
|
|
.Pp
|
|
|
|
The following non-printing characters may be embedded in text strings:
|
|
|
|
.Bl -tag -width Ds
|
|
|
|
.It Dv ASCII_NBRSP
|
|
|
|
A non-breaking space character.
|
|
|
|
.It Dv ASCII_HYPH
|
|
|
|
A soft hyphen.
|
2014-11-22 18:08:25 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Dv ASCII_BREAK
|
|
|
|
A breakable zero-width space.
|
2012-10-18 09:55:16 +00:00
|
|
|
.El
|
|
|
|
.Pp
|
|
|
|
Escape characters are also passed verbatim into text strings.
|
|
|
|
An escape character is a sequence of characters beginning with the
|
|
|
|
backslash
|
|
|
|
.Pq Sq \e .
|
|
|
|
To construct human-readable text, these should be intercepted with
|
2014-11-22 18:08:25 +00:00
|
|
|
.Xr mandoc_escape 3
|
|
|
|
and converted with one the functions described in
|
|
|
|
.Xr mchars_alloc 3 .
|
2012-10-18 09:55:16 +00:00
|
|
|
.Ss Man Abstract Syntax Tree
|
|
|
|
This AST is governed by the ontological rules dictated in
|
|
|
|
.Xr man 7
|
|
|
|
and derives its terminology accordingly.
|
|
|
|
.Pp
|
|
|
|
The AST is composed of
|
|
|
|
.Vt struct man_node
|
|
|
|
nodes with element, root and text types as declared by the
|
|
|
|
.Va type
|
|
|
|
field.
|
|
|
|
Each node also provides its parse point (the
|
|
|
|
.Va line ,
|
|
|
|
.Va sec ,
|
|
|
|
and
|
|
|
|
.Va pos
|
|
|
|
fields), its position in the tree (the
|
|
|
|
.Va parent ,
|
|
|
|
.Va child ,
|
|
|
|
.Va next
|
|
|
|
and
|
|
|
|
.Va prev
|
|
|
|
fields) and some type-specific data.
|
|
|
|
.Pp
|
|
|
|
The tree itself is arranged according to the following normal form,
|
|
|
|
where capitalised non-terminals represent nodes.
|
|
|
|
.Pp
|
|
|
|
.Bl -tag -width "ELEMENTXX" -compact
|
|
|
|
.It ROOT
|
|
|
|
\(<- mnode+
|
|
|
|
.It mnode
|
|
|
|
\(<- ELEMENT | TEXT | BLOCK
|
|
|
|
.It BLOCK
|
|
|
|
\(<- HEAD BODY
|
|
|
|
.It HEAD
|
|
|
|
\(<- mnode*
|
|
|
|
.It BODY
|
|
|
|
\(<- mnode*
|
|
|
|
.It ELEMENT
|
|
|
|
\(<- ELEMENT | TEXT*
|
|
|
|
.It TEXT
|
|
|
|
\(<- [[:ascii:]]*
|
|
|
|
.El
|
|
|
|
.Pp
|
|
|
|
The only elements capable of nesting other elements are those with
|
2014-11-22 18:08:25 +00:00
|
|
|
next-line scope as documented in
|
2012-10-18 09:55:16 +00:00
|
|
|
.Xr man 7 .
|
|
|
|
.Ss Mdoc Abstract Syntax Tree
|
|
|
|
This AST is governed by the ontological
|
|
|
|
rules dictated in
|
|
|
|
.Xr mdoc 7
|
|
|
|
and derives its terminology accordingly.
|
|
|
|
.Qq In-line
|
|
|
|
elements described in
|
|
|
|
.Xr mdoc 7
|
|
|
|
are described simply as
|
|
|
|
.Qq elements .
|
|
|
|
.Pp
|
|
|
|
The AST is composed of
|
|
|
|
.Vt struct mdoc_node
|
|
|
|
nodes with block, head, body, element, root and text types as declared
|
|
|
|
by the
|
|
|
|
.Va type
|
|
|
|
field.
|
|
|
|
Each node also provides its parse point (the
|
|
|
|
.Va line ,
|
|
|
|
.Va sec ,
|
|
|
|
and
|
|
|
|
.Va pos
|
|
|
|
fields), its position in the tree (the
|
|
|
|
.Va parent ,
|
|
|
|
.Va child ,
|
|
|
|
.Va nchild ,
|
|
|
|
.Va next
|
|
|
|
and
|
|
|
|
.Va prev
|
|
|
|
fields) and some type-specific data, in particular, for nodes generated
|
|
|
|
from macros, the generating macro in the
|
|
|
|
.Va tok
|
|
|
|
field.
|
|
|
|
.Pp
|
|
|
|
The tree itself is arranged according to the following normal form,
|
|
|
|
where capitalised non-terminals represent nodes.
|
|
|
|
.Pp
|
|
|
|
.Bl -tag -width "ELEMENTXX" -compact
|
|
|
|
.It ROOT
|
|
|
|
\(<- mnode+
|
|
|
|
.It mnode
|
|
|
|
\(<- BLOCK | ELEMENT | TEXT
|
|
|
|
.It BLOCK
|
|
|
|
\(<- HEAD [TEXT] (BODY [TEXT])+ [TAIL [TEXT]]
|
|
|
|
.It ELEMENT
|
|
|
|
\(<- TEXT*
|
|
|
|
.It HEAD
|
|
|
|
\(<- mnode*
|
|
|
|
.It BODY
|
|
|
|
\(<- mnode* [ENDBODY mnode*]
|
|
|
|
.It TAIL
|
|
|
|
\(<- mnode*
|
|
|
|
.It TEXT
|
|
|
|
\(<- [[:ascii:]]*
|
|
|
|
.El
|
|
|
|
.Pp
|
|
|
|
Of note are the TEXT nodes following the HEAD, BODY and TAIL nodes of
|
|
|
|
the BLOCK production: these refer to punctuation marks.
|
|
|
|
Furthermore, although a TEXT node will generally have a non-zero-length
|
|
|
|
string, in the specific case of
|
|
|
|
.Sq \&.Bd \-literal ,
|
|
|
|
an empty line will produce a zero-length string.
|
|
|
|
Multiple body parts are only found in invocations of
|
|
|
|
.Sq \&Bl \-column ,
|
|
|
|
where a new body introduces a new phrase.
|
|
|
|
.Pp
|
|
|
|
The
|
|
|
|
.Xr mdoc 7
|
|
|
|
syntax tree accommodates for broken block structures as well.
|
|
|
|
The ENDBODY node is available to end the formatting associated
|
|
|
|
with a given block before the physical end of that block.
|
|
|
|
It has a non-null
|
|
|
|
.Va end
|
|
|
|
field, is of the BODY
|
|
|
|
.Va type ,
|
|
|
|
has the same
|
|
|
|
.Va tok
|
|
|
|
as the BLOCK it is ending, and has a
|
|
|
|
.Va pending
|
|
|
|
field pointing to that BLOCK's BODY node.
|
|
|
|
It is an indirect child of that BODY node
|
|
|
|
and has no children of its own.
|
|
|
|
.Pp
|
|
|
|
An ENDBODY node is generated when a block ends while one of its child
|
|
|
|
blocks is still open, like in the following example:
|
|
|
|
.Bd -literal -offset indent
|
|
|
|
\&.Ao ao
|
|
|
|
\&.Bo bo ac
|
|
|
|
\&.Ac bc
|
|
|
|
\&.Bc end
|
|
|
|
.Ed
|
|
|
|
.Pp
|
|
|
|
This example results in the following block structure:
|
|
|
|
.Bd -literal -offset indent
|
|
|
|
BLOCK Ao
|
|
|
|
HEAD Ao
|
|
|
|
BODY Ao
|
|
|
|
TEXT ao
|
|
|
|
BLOCK Bo, pending -> Ao
|
|
|
|
HEAD Bo
|
|
|
|
BODY Bo
|
|
|
|
TEXT bo
|
|
|
|
TEXT ac
|
|
|
|
ENDBODY Ao, pending -> Ao
|
|
|
|
TEXT bc
|
|
|
|
TEXT end
|
|
|
|
.Ed
|
|
|
|
.Pp
|
|
|
|
Here, the formatting of the
|
|
|
|
.Sq \&Ao
|
|
|
|
block extends from TEXT ao to TEXT ac,
|
|
|
|
while the formatting of the
|
|
|
|
.Sq \&Bo
|
|
|
|
block extends from TEXT bo to TEXT bc.
|
|
|
|
It renders as follows in
|
|
|
|
.Fl T Ns Cm ascii
|
|
|
|
mode:
|
|
|
|
.Pp
|
|
|
|
.Dl <ao [bo ac> bc] end
|
|
|
|
.Pp
|
|
|
|
Support for badly-nested blocks is only provided for backward
|
|
|
|
compatibility with some older
|
|
|
|
.Xr mdoc 7
|
|
|
|
implementations.
|
|
|
|
Using badly-nested blocks is
|
|
|
|
.Em strongly discouraged ;
|
|
|
|
for example, the
|
|
|
|
.Fl T Ns Cm html
|
|
|
|
and
|
|
|
|
.Fl T Ns Cm xhtml
|
|
|
|
front-ends to
|
|
|
|
.Xr mandoc 1
|
|
|
|
are unable to render them in any meaningful way.
|
|
|
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Furthermore, behaviour when encountering badly-nested blocks is not
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2014-11-22 18:08:25 +00:00
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consistent across troff implementations, especially when using multiple
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2012-10-18 09:55:16 +00:00
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levels of badly-nested blocks.
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.Sh SEE ALSO
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.Xr mandoc 1 ,
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2014-11-22 18:08:25 +00:00
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.Xr mandoc_escape 3 ,
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.Xr mandoc_malloc 3 ,
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.Xr mchars_alloc 3 ,
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2012-10-18 09:55:16 +00:00
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.Xr eqn 7 ,
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.Xr man 7 ,
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.Xr mandoc_char 7 ,
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.Xr mdoc 7 ,
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.Xr roff 7 ,
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.Xr tbl 7
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.Sh AUTHORS
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The
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.Nm
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library was written by
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2014-01-31 19:59:03 +00:00
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.An Kristaps Dzonsons Aq Mt kristaps@bsd.lv .
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