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freebsd-dev/sbin/ldconfig/ldconfig.8

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Updated to recent version of Paul K.'s shlib code. This code has better warning handling and allows for link-time warnings with a modified version of gas. Note: Not all of the newer bits were updated such as some of the non-x86 machine-dependant code is relevant to FreeBSD right now. Obtained from: NetBSD
1994-12-23 22:31:35 +00:00
.\"
.\" Copyright (c) 1993 Paul Kranenburg
.\" All rights reserved.
.\"
.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
.\" are met:
.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
.\" must display the following acknowledgement:
.\" This product includes software developed by Paul Kranenburg.
.\" 3. The name of the author may not be used to endorse or promote products
.\" derived from this software without specific prior written permission
.\"
.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
.\" OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
.\" IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
.\" INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
.\" NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
.\" DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
.\" THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
.\" (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
.\" THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
.\"
Implement ldconfig functionality for ELF. The hints are stored in a different file than the a.out hints, namely, "/var/run/ld-elf.so.hints". These hints consist only of the directory search path. There is no hash table as in the a.out hints, because ELF doesn't have to search for the file with the highest minor version number. (It doesn't have minor version numbers at all.) A single run of ldconfig updates either the a.out hints or the ELF hints, but not both. The set of hints to process is selected in the usual way, via /etc/objformat, or ${OBJFORMAT}, or the "-aout" or "-elf" command line option. The rationale is that you probably want to search different directories for ELF than for a.out. "ldconfig -r" is faked up to produce output like we are used to, except that for ELF there are no minor version numbers. This should enable "ldconfig -r" to be used for checking LIB_DEPENDS in ports even for ELF. I implemented the ELF functionality in a new source file, with an eye toward eliminating the a.out code entirely at some point in the future.
1998-09-05 03:31:00 +00:00
.\" $Id: ldconfig.8,v 1.15 1998/01/01 02:31:47 alex Exp $
Updated to recent version of Paul K.'s shlib code. This code has better warning handling and allows for link-time warnings with a modified version of gas. Note: Not all of the newer bits were updated such as some of the non-x86 machine-dependant code is relevant to FreeBSD right now. Obtained from: NetBSD
1994-12-23 22:31:35 +00:00
.\"
Imported NetBSD's ld for shared libs.
1993-11-03 23:41:59 +00:00
.Dd October 3, 1993
.Dt LDCONFIG 8
Updated to recent version of Paul K.'s shlib code. This code has better warning handling and allows for link-time warnings with a modified version of gas. Note: Not all of the newer bits were updated such as some of the non-x86 machine-dependant code is relevant to FreeBSD right now. Obtained from: NetBSD
1994-12-23 22:31:35 +00:00
.Os FreeBSD
Imported NetBSD's ld for shared libs.
1993-11-03 23:41:59 +00:00
.Sh NAME
.Nm ldconfig
.Nd configure the shared library cache
.Sh SYNOPSIS
.Nm ldconfig
Implement ldconfig functionality for ELF. The hints are stored in a different file than the a.out hints, namely, "/var/run/ld-elf.so.hints". These hints consist only of the directory search path. There is no hash table as in the a.out hints, because ELF doesn't have to search for the file with the highest minor version number. (It doesn't have minor version numbers at all.) A single run of ldconfig updates either the a.out hints or the ELF hints, but not both. The set of hints to process is selected in the usual way, via /etc/objformat, or ${OBJFORMAT}, or the "-aout" or "-elf" command line option. The rationale is that you probably want to search different directories for ELF than for a.out. "ldconfig -r" is faked up to produce output like we are used to, except that for ELF there are no minor version numbers. This should enable "ldconfig -r" to be used for checking LIB_DEPENDS in ports even for ELF. I implemented the ELF functionality in a new source file, with an eye toward eliminating the a.out code entirely at some point in the future.
1998-09-05 03:31:00 +00:00
.Op Fl aout | Fl elf
Add -R (rescan or refresh) option to rescan and rebuild the hints file based on the previous list of directories stored there which should overcome a weakness of the '-m' switch which can only add libs. This is an ideal way of updating the hints list after adding or removing a shlib since it will remove entries that are gone and doesn't need to have all the directories spelled out each time. (eg: rm -f /usr/lib/libtcl75*; ldconfig -R) This only works for version 2 hints files (which we've been generating for a year or so) which store the path.
1997-08-22 04:42:12 +00:00
.Op Fl Rmrsv
Add a new option "-f hints_file" to specify an alternate file instead of "/var/run/ld.so.hints". Delete an incorrect statement about LD_LIBRARY_PATH from the manual page.
1996-10-10 23:14:23 +00:00
.Op Fl f Ar hints_file
Allow ldconfig to accept files (containing directory paths) as well as directory paths. Reviewed by: jkh & jdp Submitted by: Hans Zuidam <hans@brandinnovators.com>
1997-07-11 14:45:41 +00:00
.Op Ar directory | file Ar ...
Imported NetBSD's ld for shared libs.
1993-11-03 23:41:59 +00:00
.Sh DESCRIPTION
.Nm
is used to prepare a set of
.Dq hints
Implement ldconfig functionality for ELF. The hints are stored in a different file than the a.out hints, namely, "/var/run/ld-elf.so.hints". These hints consist only of the directory search path. There is no hash table as in the a.out hints, because ELF doesn't have to search for the file with the highest minor version number. (It doesn't have minor version numbers at all.) A single run of ldconfig updates either the a.out hints or the ELF hints, but not both. The set of hints to process is selected in the usual way, via /etc/objformat, or ${OBJFORMAT}, or the "-aout" or "-elf" command line option. The rationale is that you probably want to search different directories for ELF than for a.out. "ldconfig -r" is faked up to produce output like we are used to, except that for ELF there are no minor version numbers. This should enable "ldconfig -r" to be used for checking LIB_DEPENDS in ports even for ELF. I implemented the ELF functionality in a new source file, with an eye toward eliminating the a.out code entirely at some point in the future.
1998-09-05 03:31:00 +00:00
for use by the dynamic linker
Imported NetBSD's ld for shared libs.
1993-11-03 23:41:59 +00:00
to facilitate quick lookup of shared libraries available in multiple
directories. It scans a set of built-in system directories and any
.Ar directories
Implement ldconfig functionality for ELF. The hints are stored in a different file than the a.out hints, namely, "/var/run/ld-elf.so.hints". These hints consist only of the directory search path. There is no hash table as in the a.out hints, because ELF doesn't have to search for the file with the highest minor version number. (It doesn't have minor version numbers at all.) A single run of ldconfig updates either the a.out hints or the ELF hints, but not both. The set of hints to process is selected in the usual way, via /etc/objformat, or ${OBJFORMAT}, or the "-aout" or "-elf" command line option. The rationale is that you probably want to search different directories for ELF than for a.out. "ldconfig -r" is faked up to produce output like we are used to, except that for ELF there are no minor version numbers. This should enable "ldconfig -r" to be used for checking LIB_DEPENDS in ports even for ELF. I implemented the ELF functionality in a new source file, with an eye toward eliminating the a.out code entirely at some point in the future.
1998-09-05 03:31:00 +00:00
specified on the command line (in the given order) looking for
shared libraries and stores the results in a system file to forestall
the overhead that would otherwise result from the directory search
operations the dynamic linker would have to perform to load the
required shared libraries.
Imported NetBSD's ld for shared libs.
1993-11-03 23:41:59 +00:00
.Pp
Allow ldconfig to accept files (containing directory paths) as well as directory paths. Reviewed by: jkh & jdp Submitted by: Hans Zuidam <hans@brandinnovators.com>
1997-07-11 14:45:41 +00:00
Files named on the command line are expected to contain directories
to scan for shared libraries. Each directory's pathname must start on a new
line. Blank lines and lines starting with the comment character
.Ql \&#
Implement ldconfig functionality for ELF. The hints are stored in a different file than the a.out hints, namely, "/var/run/ld-elf.so.hints". These hints consist only of the directory search path. There is no hash table as in the a.out hints, because ELF doesn't have to search for the file with the highest minor version number. (It doesn't have minor version numbers at all.) A single run of ldconfig updates either the a.out hints or the ELF hints, but not both. The set of hints to process is selected in the usual way, via /etc/objformat, or ${OBJFORMAT}, or the "-aout" or "-elf" command line option. The rationale is that you probably want to search different directories for ELF than for a.out. "ldconfig -r" is faked up to produce output like we are used to, except that for ELF there are no minor version numbers. This should enable "ldconfig -r" to be used for checking LIB_DEPENDS in ports even for ELF. I implemented the ELF functionality in a new source file, with an eye toward eliminating the a.out code entirely at some point in the future.
1998-09-05 03:31:00 +00:00
are ignored.
Allow ldconfig to accept files (containing directory paths) as well as directory paths. Reviewed by: jkh & jdp Submitted by: Hans Zuidam <hans@brandinnovators.com>
1997-07-11 14:45:41 +00:00
.Pp
Imported NetBSD's ld for shared libs.
1993-11-03 23:41:59 +00:00
The shared libraries so found will be automatically available for loading
if needed by the program being prepared for execution. This obviates the need
for storing search paths within the executable.
.Pp
The
.Ev LD_LIBRARY_PATH
environment variable can be used to override the use of
directories (or the order thereof) from the cache or to specify additional
directories where shared libraries might be found.
.Ev LD_LIBRARY_PATH
is a
.Sq \:
separated list of directory paths which are searched by
Implement ldconfig functionality for ELF. The hints are stored in a different file than the a.out hints, namely, "/var/run/ld-elf.so.hints". These hints consist only of the directory search path. There is no hash table as in the a.out hints, because ELF doesn't have to search for the file with the highest minor version number. (It doesn't have minor version numbers at all.) A single run of ldconfig updates either the a.out hints or the ELF hints, but not both. The set of hints to process is selected in the usual way, via /etc/objformat, or ${OBJFORMAT}, or the "-aout" or "-elf" command line option. The rationale is that you probably want to search different directories for ELF than for a.out. "ldconfig -r" is faked up to produce output like we are used to, except that for ELF there are no minor version numbers. This should enable "ldconfig -r" to be used for checking LIB_DEPENDS in ports even for ELF. I implemented the ELF functionality in a new source file, with an eye toward eliminating the a.out code entirely at some point in the future.
1998-09-05 03:31:00 +00:00
the dynamic linker
Imported NetBSD's ld for shared libs.
1993-11-03 23:41:59 +00:00
when it needs to load a shared library. It can be viewed as the run-time
equivalent of the
.Fl L
switch of
Correct some man page xrefs, and some other minor changes to bring some man pages up to mdoc guidelines and fix some minor formatting glitches. Also fixed a number of man pages to not abuse the .Xr macro to display functions and path names and a lot of other junk.
1996-04-08 04:18:31 +00:00
.Xr ld 1 .
Imported NetBSD's ld for shared libs.
1993-11-03 23:41:59 +00:00
.Pp
.Nm Ldconfig
is typically run as part of the boot sequence.
.Pp
The following options recognized by
.Nm ldconfig:
.Bl -tag -width indent
Implement ldconfig functionality for ELF. The hints are stored in a different file than the a.out hints, namely, "/var/run/ld-elf.so.hints". These hints consist only of the directory search path. There is no hash table as in the a.out hints, because ELF doesn't have to search for the file with the highest minor version number. (It doesn't have minor version numbers at all.) A single run of ldconfig updates either the a.out hints or the ELF hints, but not both. The set of hints to process is selected in the usual way, via /etc/objformat, or ${OBJFORMAT}, or the "-aout" or "-elf" command line option. The rationale is that you probably want to search different directories for ELF than for a.out. "ldconfig -r" is faked up to produce output like we are used to, except that for ELF there are no minor version numbers. This should enable "ldconfig -r" to be used for checking LIB_DEPENDS in ports even for ELF. I implemented the ELF functionality in a new source file, with an eye toward eliminating the a.out code entirely at some point in the future.
1998-09-05 03:31:00 +00:00
.It Fl aout
Generate the hints for a.out format shared libraries.
.It Fl elf
Generate the hints for ELF format shared libraries.
Add -R (rescan or refresh) option to rescan and rebuild the hints file based on the previous list of directories stored there which should overcome a weakness of the '-m' switch which can only add libs. This is an ideal way of updating the hints list after adding or removing a shlib since it will remove entries that are gone and doesn't need to have all the directories spelled out each time. (eg: rm -f /usr/lib/libtcl75*; ldconfig -R) This only works for version 2 hints files (which we've been generating for a year or so) which store the path.
1997-08-22 04:42:12 +00:00
.It Fl R
Rescan the previously configured directories. This opens the previous hints
file and fetches the directory list from the header. Any additional pathnames
on the command line are also processed.
Add a new option "-f hints_file" to specify an alternate file instead of "/var/run/ld.so.hints". Delete an incorrect statement about LD_LIBRARY_PATH from the manual page.
1996-10-10 23:14:23 +00:00
.It Fl f Ar hints_file
Implement ldconfig functionality for ELF. The hints are stored in a different file than the a.out hints, namely, "/var/run/ld-elf.so.hints". These hints consist only of the directory search path. There is no hash table as in the a.out hints, because ELF doesn't have to search for the file with the highest minor version number. (It doesn't have minor version numbers at all.) A single run of ldconfig updates either the a.out hints or the ELF hints, but not both. The set of hints to process is selected in the usual way, via /etc/objformat, or ${OBJFORMAT}, or the "-aout" or "-elf" command line option. The rationale is that you probably want to search different directories for ELF than for a.out. "ldconfig -r" is faked up to produce output like we are used to, except that for ELF there are no minor version numbers. This should enable "ldconfig -r" to be used for checking LIB_DEPENDS in ports even for ELF. I implemented the ELF functionality in a new source file, with an eye toward eliminating the a.out code entirely at some point in the future.
1998-09-05 03:31:00 +00:00
Read and/or update the specified hints file, instead of the standard file.
Add a new option "-f hints_file" to specify an alternate file instead of "/var/run/ld.so.hints". Delete an incorrect statement about LD_LIBRARY_PATH from the manual page.
1996-10-10 23:14:23 +00:00
This option is provided primarily for testing.
Add an "-m" flag to merge instead of replace the entries. We can now safely add a line like ldconfig -m ${PREFIX}/lib in ports' Makefiles and packing lists without throwing away some directories the user may have added. Submitted by: Mostly by Paul Kranenburg <pk@cs.few.eur.nl>
1995-06-24 10:08:44 +00:00
.It Fl m
Add a new option "-f hints_file" to specify an alternate file instead of "/var/run/ld.so.hints". Delete an incorrect statement about LD_LIBRARY_PATH from the manual page.
1996-10-10 23:14:23 +00:00
Instead of replacing the contents of the hints file
Add an "-m" flag to merge instead of replace the entries. We can now safely add a line like ldconfig -m ${PREFIX}/lib in ports' Makefiles and packing lists without throwing away some directories the user may have added. Submitted by: Mostly by Paul Kranenburg <pk@cs.few.eur.nl>
1995-06-24 10:08:44 +00:00
with those found in the directories specified,
.Dq merge
in new entries.
Document that "ldconfig -m" rescans all directories previously entered into the hints file, in addition to the directories named on the command line. 2.2 Candidate.
1996-11-09 20:26:19 +00:00
Directories recorded in the hints file by previous runs of
.Nm
are also rescanned for new shared libraries.
Imported NetBSD's ld for shared libs.
1993-11-03 23:41:59 +00:00
.It Fl r
Document that "ldconfig -m" rescans all directories previously entered into the hints file, in addition to the directories named on the command line. 2.2 Candidate.
1996-11-09 20:26:19 +00:00
List the current contents of the hints file
Add -R (rescan or refresh) option to rescan and rebuild the hints file based on the previous list of directories stored there which should overcome a weakness of the '-m' switch which can only add libs. This is an ideal way of updating the hints list after adding or removing a shlib since it will remove entries that are gone and doesn't need to have all the directories spelled out each time. (eg: rm -f /usr/lib/libtcl75*; ldconfig -R) This only works for version 2 hints files (which we've been generating for a year or so) which store the path.
1997-08-22 04:42:12 +00:00
on the standard output. The hints file is not modified. The list of
directories stored in the hints file is included.
Imported NetBSD's ld for shared libs.
1993-11-03 23:41:59 +00:00
.It Fl s
Updated to recent version of Paul K.'s shlib code. This code has better warning handling and allows for link-time warnings with a modified version of gas. Note: Not all of the newer bits were updated such as some of the non-x86 machine-dependant code is relevant to FreeBSD right now. Obtained from: NetBSD
1994-12-23 22:31:35 +00:00
Do not scan the built-in system directory
.Pq Dq /usr/lib
Imported NetBSD's ld for shared libs.
1993-11-03 23:41:59 +00:00
for shared libraries.
.It Fl v
Switch on verbose mode.
.Sh Security
Special care must be taken when loading shared libraries into the address
space of
.Ev set-user-Id
programs. Whenever such a program is run,
Implement ldconfig functionality for ELF. The hints are stored in a different file than the a.out hints, namely, "/var/run/ld-elf.so.hints". These hints consist only of the directory search path. There is no hash table as in the a.out hints, because ELF doesn't have to search for the file with the highest minor version number. (It doesn't have minor version numbers at all.) A single run of ldconfig updates either the a.out hints or the ELF hints, but not both. The set of hints to process is selected in the usual way, via /etc/objformat, or ${OBJFORMAT}, or the "-aout" or "-elf" command line option. The rationale is that you probably want to search different directories for ELF than for a.out. "ldconfig -r" is faked up to produce output like we are used to, except that for ELF there are no minor version numbers. This should enable "ldconfig -r" to be used for checking LIB_DEPENDS in ports even for ELF. I implemented the ELF functionality in a new source file, with an eye toward eliminating the a.out code entirely at some point in the future.
1998-09-05 03:31:00 +00:00
the dynamic linker
Add a new option "-f hints_file" to specify an alternate file instead of "/var/run/ld.so.hints". Delete an incorrect statement about LD_LIBRARY_PATH from the manual page.
1996-10-10 23:14:23 +00:00
will only load shared libraries from the hints
Imported NetBSD's ld for shared libs.
1993-11-03 23:41:59 +00:00
file. In particular, the
.Ev LD_LIBRARY_PATH
is not used to search for libraries. Thus, the role of ldconfig is dual. In
addition to building a set of hints for quick lookup, it also serves to
specify the trusted collection of directories from which shared objects can
be safely loaded. It is presumed that the set of directories specified to
.Nm ldconfig
are under control of the system's administrator.
Implement ldconfig functionality for ELF. The hints are stored in a different file than the a.out hints, namely, "/var/run/ld-elf.so.hints". These hints consist only of the directory search path. There is no hash table as in the a.out hints, because ELF doesn't have to search for the file with the highest minor version number. (It doesn't have minor version numbers at all.) A single run of ldconfig updates either the a.out hints or the ELF hints, but not both. The set of hints to process is selected in the usual way, via /etc/objformat, or ${OBJFORMAT}, or the "-aout" or "-elf" command line option. The rationale is that you probably want to search different directories for ELF than for a.out. "ldconfig -r" is faked up to produce output like we are used to, except that for ELF there are no minor version numbers. This should enable "ldconfig -r" to be used for checking LIB_DEPENDS in ports even for ELF. I implemented the ELF functionality in a new source file, with an eye toward eliminating the a.out code entirely at some point in the future.
1998-09-05 03:31:00 +00:00
.Sh ENVIRONMENT
.Bl -tag -width OBJFORMATxxx -compact
.It Ev OBJFORMAT
Overrides
.Pa /etc/objformat
(see below) to determine whether
.Fl aout
or
.Fl elf
is the default. If set, its value should be either
.Ql aout
or
.Ql elf .
.El
Imported NetBSD's ld for shared libs.
1993-11-03 23:41:59 +00:00
.Sh FILES
Implement ldconfig functionality for ELF. The hints are stored in a different file than the a.out hints, namely, "/var/run/ld-elf.so.hints". These hints consist only of the directory search path. There is no hash table as in the a.out hints, because ELF doesn't have to search for the file with the highest minor version number. (It doesn't have minor version numbers at all.) A single run of ldconfig updates either the a.out hints or the ELF hints, but not both. The set of hints to process is selected in the usual way, via /etc/objformat, or ${OBJFORMAT}, or the "-aout" or "-elf" command line option. The rationale is that you probably want to search different directories for ELF than for a.out. "ldconfig -r" is faked up to produce output like we are used to, except that for ELF there are no minor version numbers. This should enable "ldconfig -r" to be used for checking LIB_DEPENDS in ports even for ELF. I implemented the ELF functionality in a new source file, with an eye toward eliminating the a.out code entirely at some point in the future.
1998-09-05 03:31:00 +00:00
.Bl -tag -width /var/run/ld-elf.so.hintsxxx -compact
Allow ldconfig to accept files (containing directory paths) as well as directory paths. Reviewed by: jkh & jdp Submitted by: Hans Zuidam <hans@brandinnovators.com>
1997-07-11 14:45:41 +00:00
.It Pa /var/run/ld.so.hints
Implement ldconfig functionality for ELF. The hints are stored in a different file than the a.out hints, namely, "/var/run/ld-elf.so.hints". These hints consist only of the directory search path. There is no hash table as in the a.out hints, because ELF doesn't have to search for the file with the highest minor version number. (It doesn't have minor version numbers at all.) A single run of ldconfig updates either the a.out hints or the ELF hints, but not both. The set of hints to process is selected in the usual way, via /etc/objformat, or ${OBJFORMAT}, or the "-aout" or "-elf" command line option. The rationale is that you probably want to search different directories for ELF than for a.out. "ldconfig -r" is faked up to produce output like we are used to, except that for ELF there are no minor version numbers. This should enable "ldconfig -r" to be used for checking LIB_DEPENDS in ports even for ELF. I implemented the ELF functionality in a new source file, with an eye toward eliminating the a.out code entirely at some point in the future.
1998-09-05 03:31:00 +00:00
Standard hints file for the a.out dynamic linker.
.It Pa /var/run/ld-elf.so.hints
Standard hints file for the ELF dynamic linker.
.It Pa /etc/ld.so.conf
Conventional configuration file containing directory names for
invocations with
.Fl aout .
.It Pa /etc/ld-elf.so.conf
Conventional configuration file containing directory names for
invocations with
.Fl elf .
.It Pa /etc/objformat
Determines whether
.Fl aout
or
.Fl elf
is the default. If present, it must consist of a single line
containing either
.Ql OBJFORMAT=aout
or
.Ql OBJFORMAT=elf .
Imported NetBSD's ld for shared libs.
1993-11-03 23:41:59 +00:00
.Sh SEE ALSO
.Xr ld 1 ,
.Xr link 5
.Sh HISTORY
A
.Nm
utility first appeared in SunOS 4.0, it appeared in its current form
Changed NetBSD -> FreeBSD
1994-02-11 12:12:51 +00:00
in FreeBSD 1.1.
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