freebsd-dev/lib/libc/sys/_exit.2

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.\" Copyright (c) 1980, 1993
.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
.\"
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.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
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.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
.\" without specific prior written permission.
.\"
.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
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.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
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.\" @(#)_exit.2 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/4/93
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.\" $FreeBSD$
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.\"
.Dd June 4, 1993
.Dt EXIT 2
.Os
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.Sh NAME
.Nm _exit
.Nd terminate the calling process
.Sh LIBRARY
.Lb libc
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.Sh SYNOPSIS
.In unistd.h
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.Ft void
.Fn _exit "int status"
.Sh DESCRIPTION
The
.Fn _exit
system call
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terminates a process with the following consequences:
.Bl -bullet
.It
All of the descriptors open in the calling process are closed.
This may entail delays, for example, waiting for output to drain;
a process in this state may not be killed, as it is already dying.
.It
If the parent process of the calling process has an outstanding
.Xr wait 2
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call
or catches the
.Dv SIGCHLD
signal,
it is notified of the calling process's termination and
the
.Fa status
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is set as defined by
.Xr wait 2 .
.It
The parent process-ID of all of the calling process's existing child
processes are set to 1; the initialization process
inherits each of these processes
(see
.Xr init 8
and the
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.Sx DEFINITIONS
section of
.Xr intro 2 ) .
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.It
If the termination of the process causes any process group
to become orphaned (usually because the parents of all members
of the group have now exited; see
.Dq orphaned process group
in
.Xr intro 2 ) ,
and if any member of the orphaned group is stopped,
the
.Dv SIGHUP
signal and the
.Dv SIGCONT
signal are sent to all members of the newly-orphaned process group.
.It
If the process is a controlling process (see
.Xr intro 2 ) ,
the
.Dv SIGHUP
signal is sent to the foreground process group of the controlling terminal,
and all current access to the controlling terminal is revoked.
.El
.Pp
Most C programs call the library routine
.Xr exit 3 ,
which flushes buffers, closes streams, unlinks temporary files, etc.,
before
calling
.Fn _exit .
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.Sh RETURN VALUES
The
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.Fn _exit
system call
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can never return.
.Sh SEE ALSO
.Xr fork 2 ,
.Xr sigaction 2 ,
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.Xr wait 2 ,
.Xr exit 3 ,
.Xr init 8
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.Sh STANDARDS
The
.Fn _exit
system call is expected to conform to
.St -p1003.1-90 .
.Sh HISTORY
The
.Fn _exit
function appeared in
.At v7 .