1994-05-27 05:00:24 +00:00
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.\" Copyright (c) 1980, 1993
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.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
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.\"
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.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
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.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
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.\" are met:
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.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
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.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
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.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
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.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
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.\" must display the following acknowledgement:
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.\" This product includes software developed by the University of
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.\" California, Berkeley and its contributors.
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.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
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.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
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.\" without specific prior written permission.
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.\"
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.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
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.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
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.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
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.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
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.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
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.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
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.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
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.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
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.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
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.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
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.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
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.\"
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.\" @(#)_exit.2 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/4/93
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.\"
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.Dd June 4, 1993
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.Dt EXIT 2
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.Os BSD 4
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.Sh NAME
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.Nm _exit
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.Nd terminate the calling process
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.Sh SYNOPSIS
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.Fd #include <unistd.h>
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.Ft void
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.Fn _exit "int status"
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.Sh DESCRIPTION
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The
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.Fn _exit
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function
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terminates a process with the following consequences:
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.Bl -bullet
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.It
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All of the descriptors open in the calling process are closed.
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This may entail delays, for example, waiting for output to drain;
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a process in this state may not be killed, as it is already dying.
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.It
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If the parent process of the calling process has an outstanding
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1996-03-27 20:49:07 +00:00
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.Xr wait 2
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1994-05-27 05:00:24 +00:00
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call
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or catches the
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.Dv SIGCHLD
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signal,
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it is notified of the calling process's termination and
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the
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.Em status
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is set as defined by
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.Xr wait 2 .
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.It
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The parent process-ID of all of the calling process's existing child
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processes are set to 1; the initialization process
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(see the DEFINITIONS section of
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.Xr intro 2 )
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inherits each of these processes.
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.It
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If the termination of the process causes any process group
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to become orphaned (usually because the parents of all members
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of the group have now exited; see
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.Dq orphaned process group
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in
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.Xr intro 2 ) ,
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and if any member of the orphaned group is stopped,
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the
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.Dv SIGHUP
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signal and the
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.Dv SIGCONT
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signal are sent to all members of the newly-orphaned process group.
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.It
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If the process is a controlling process (see
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.Xr intro 2 ) ,
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the
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.Dv SIGHUP
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signal is sent to the foreground process group of the controlling terminal,
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and all current access to the controlling terminal is revoked.
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.El
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.Pp
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Most C programs call the library routine
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.Xr exit 3 ,
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which flushes buffers, closes streams, unlinks temporary files, etc.,
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before
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calling
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.Fn _exit .
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.Sh RETURN VALUE
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.Fn _exit
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can never return.
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.Sh SEE ALSO
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.Xr fork 2 ,
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.Xr sigvec 2 ,
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.Xr wait 2 ,
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.Xr exit 3
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.Sh STANDARDS
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The
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.Nm _exit
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function is defined by
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.St -p1003.1-88 .
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