freebsd-dev/share/man/man1/builtin.1

.\"
.\" Copyright (c) 1999 Sheldon Hearn
.\"
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.Dd September 1, 1999
.Dt BUILTIN 1
.Os
.Sh NAME
.Nm builtin ,
.Nm alias ,
.Nm alloc ,
.Nm bg ,
.Nm break ,
.Nm breaksw ,
.Nm case ,
.Nm cd ,
.Nm chdir ,
.Nm command ,
.Nm continue ,
.Nm cwd ,
.Nm default ,
.Nm dirs ,
.Nm do ,
.Nm done ,
.Nm echo ,
.Nm elif ,
.Nm else ,
.Nm end ,
.Nm endif ,
.Nm endsw ,
.Nm esac ,
.Nm eval ,
.Nm exec ,
.Nm exit ,
.Nm export ,
.Nm fc ,
.Nm fg ,
.Nm fi ,
.Nm for ,
.Nm foreach ,
.Nm getopts ,
.Nm glob ,
.Nm goto ,
.Nm hash ,
.Nm hashstat ,
.Nm history ,
.Nm if ,
.Nm jobid ,
.Nm jobs ,
.Nm kill ,
.Nm limit ,
.Nm login ,
.Nm logout ,
.Nm nice ,
.Nm nohup ,
.Nm notify ,
.Nm onintr ,
.Nm popd ,
.Nm printf ,
.Nm pushd ,
.Nm pwd ,
.Nm readonly ,
.Nm rehash ,
.Nm repeat ,
.Nm set ,
.Nm setenv ,
.Nm setvar ,
.Nm shift ,
.Nm source ,
.Nm stop ,
.Nm suspend ,
.Nm switch ,
.Nm then ,
.Nm time ,
.Nm trap ,
.Nm type ,
.Nm ulimit ,
.Nm umask ,
.Nm unalias ,
.Nm unhash ,
.Nm unlimit ,
.Nm unset ,
.Nm unsetenv ,
.Nm until ,
.Nm wait ,
.Nm which ,
.Nm while
.Nd shell builtin commands
.Sh SYNOPSIS
.Nm builtin
.Op Fl options
.Op Ar args ...
.Sh DESCRIPTION
Shell builtin commands are commands that can be executed within the
running shell's process.
Note that, in the case of
.Xr csh 1
builtin commands, the command is executed in a subshell if it occurs as
any component of a pipeline except the last.
.Pp
If a command specified to the shell contains a slash 
.Dq \&/ ,
the shell will not execute a builtin command, even if the last component
of the specified command matches the name of a builtin command.
Thus, while specifying
.Dq Ic echo
causes a builtin command to be executed under shells that support the
builtin echo command,
specifying
.Dq Pa /bin/echo
or
.Dq Pa ./echo
does not.
.Pp
While some builtin commands may exist in more than one shell, their
operation may be different under each shell which supports them.
Below is a table which lists shell builtin commands, the standard shells
that support them and whether they exist as standalone utilities.
.Pp
Only builtin commands for the
.Xr csh 1
and
.Xr sh 1
shells are listed here.
Consult the appropriate manual page for
details on the operation of any given builtin command under those shells.
Users of other shells will need to consult the documentation supplied
with the other shells.
.Bl -column "continueXX" "ExternalXX" "csh(1)" "sh(1)" -offset indent
.\"
.\" XXX:
.\" The correct table header here can not be rendered with mdoc's current
.\" argument maximum.  When mdoc can handle sufficient arguments, the
.\" correct table header will be as follows:
.\" .It Em Command Ta Em External Ta Xr csh 1 Ta Xr sh 1
.\"
.It Em Command	External	csh	sh
.It Ic alias Ta \&No Ta Yes Ta Yes
.It Ic alloc Ta \&No Ta Yes Ta \&No
.It Ic bg Ta \&No Ta Yes Ta Yes
.It Ic break Ta \&No Ta Yes Ta \&No
.It Ic breaksw Ta \&No Ta Yes Ta \&No
.It Ic case Ta \&No Ta Yes Ta Yes
.It Ic cd Ta \&No Ta Yes Ta Yes
.It Ic chdir Ta \&No Ta Yes Ta \&No
.It Ic command Ta \&No Ta \&No Ta Yes
.It Ic continue Ta \&No Ta Yes Ta \&No
.It Ic cwd Ta \&No Ta Yes Ta \&No
.It Ic default Ta \&No Ta Yes Ta \&No
.It Ic dirs Ta \&No Ta Yes Ta \&No
.It Ic do Ta \&No Ta \&No Ta Yes
.It Ic done Ta \&No Ta \&No Ta Yes
.It Ic echo Ta Yes Ta Yes Ta Yes
.It Ic elif Ta \&No Ta \&No Ta Yes
.It Ic else Ta \&No Ta Yes Ta \&No
.It Ic end Ta \&No Ta Yes Ta \&No
.It Ic endif Ta \&No Ta Yes Ta \&No
.It Ic endsw Ta \&No Ta Yes Ta \&No
.It Ic esac Ta \&No Ta \&No Ta Yes
.It Ic eval Ta \&No Ta Yes Ta Yes
.It Ic exec Ta \&No Ta Yes Ta Yes
.It Ic exit Ta \&No Ta Yes Ta Yes
.It Ic export Ta \&No Ta \&No Ta Yes
.It Ic fc Ta \&No Ta \&No Ta Yes
.It Ic fg Ta \&No Ta Yes Ta Yes
.It Ic fi Ta \&No Ta \&No Ta Yes
.It Ic for Ta \&No Ta \&No Ta Yes
.It Ic foreach Ta \&No Ta Yes Ta \&No
.It Ic getopts Ta \&No Ta \&No Ta Yes
.It Ic glob Ta \&No Ta Yes Ta \&No
.It Ic goto Ta \&No Ta Yes Ta \&No
.It Ic hash Ta \&No Ta \&No Ta Yes
.It Ic hashstat Ta \&No Ta Yes Ta \&No
.It Ic history Ta \&No Ta Yes Ta \&No
.It Ic if Ta \&No Ta Yes Ta \&No
.It Ic jobid Ta \&No Ta \&No Ta Yes
.It Ic jobs Ta \&No Ta Yes Ta Yes
.It Ic kill Ta Yes Ta Yes Ta \&No
.It Ic limit Ta \&No Ta Yes Ta \&No
.It Ic login Ta Yes Ta Yes Ta \&No
.It Ic logout Ta \&No Ta Yes Ta \&No
.It Ic nice Ta Yes Ta Yes Ta \&No
.It Ic nohup Ta Yes Ta Yes Ta \&No
.It Ic notify Ta \&No Ta Yes Ta \&No
.It Ic onintr Ta \&No Ta Yes Ta \&No
.It Ic popd Ta \&No Ta Yes Ta \&No
.It Ic printf Ta Yes Ta Yes Ta Yes
.It Ic pushd Ta \&No Ta Yes Ta \&No
.It Ic pwd Ta Yes Ta \&No Ta Yes
.It Ic readonly Ta \&No Ta \&No Ta Yes
.It Ic rehash Ta \&No Ta Yes Ta \&No
.It Ic repeat Ta \&No Ta Yes Ta \&No
.It Ic set Ta \&No Ta Yes Ta \&No
.It Ic setenv Ta \&No Ta Yes Ta \&No
.It Ic setvar Ta \&No Ta \&No Ta Yes
.It Ic shift Ta \&No Ta Yes Ta Yes
.It Ic source Ta \&No Ta Yes Ta \&No
.It Ic stop Ta \&No Ta Yes Ta \&No
.It Ic suspend Ta \&No Ta Yes Ta \&No
.It Ic switch Ta \&No Ta Yes Ta \&No
.It Ic then Ta \&No Ta \&No Ta Yes
.It Ic time Ta Yes Ta Yes Ta \&No
.It Ic trap Ta \&No Ta \&No Ta Yes
.It Ic type Ta \&No Ta \&No Ta Yes
.It Ic ulimit Ta \&No Ta \&No Ta Yes
.It Ic umask Ta \&No Ta Yes Ta Yes
.It Ic unalias Ta \&No Ta Yes Ta Yes
.It Ic unhash Ta \&No Ta Yes Ta \&No
.It Ic unlimit Ta \&No Ta Yes Ta \&No
.It Ic unset Ta \&No Ta Yes Ta Yes
.It Ic unsetenv Ta \&No Ta Yes Ta \&No
.It Ic until Ta \&No Ta \&No Ta Yes
.It Ic wait Ta \&No Ta Yes Ta Yes
.It Ic which Ta Yes Ta Yes Ta \&No
.It Ic while Ta \&No Ta Yes Ta \&No
.El
.Sh SEE ALSO
.Xr csh 1 ,
.Xr echo 1 ,
.Xr kill 1 ,
.Xr login 1 ,
.Xr nice 1 ,
.Xr nohup 1 ,
.Xr printf 1 ,
.Xr pwd 1 ,
.Xr sh 1 ,
.Xr time 1 ,
.Xr which 1
.Sh HISTORY
The
.Nm
manual page first appeared in
.Fx 4.0 .
.Sh AUTHORS
This manual page was written by
.An Sheldon Hearn Aq sheldonh@FreeBSD.org .