1994-05-27 05:00:24 +00:00
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.\" Copyright (c) 1991, 1993
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.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
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.\"
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.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
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.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
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.\" are met:
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.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
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.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
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.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
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.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
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.\" must display the following acknowledgement:
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.\" This product includes software developed by the University of
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.\" California, Berkeley and its contributors.
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.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
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.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
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.\" without specific prior written permission.
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.\"
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.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
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.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
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.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
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.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
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.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
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.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
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.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
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.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
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.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
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.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
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.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
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.\"
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.\" @(#)getcwd.3 8.2 (Berkeley) 12/11/93
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.\"
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.Dd December 11, 1993
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.Dt GETCWD 3
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.Os BSD 4.2
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.Sh NAME
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.Nm getcwd
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.Nd get working directory pathname
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.Sh SYNOPSIS
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.Fd #include <stdio.h>
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.Ft char *
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.Fn getcwd "char *buf" "size_t size"
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.Ft char *
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.Fn getwd "char *buf"
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.Sh DESCRIPTION
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The
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.Fn getcwd
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1995-02-05 18:14:38 +00:00
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function copies an absolute pathname of the current working directory
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1994-05-27 05:00:24 +00:00
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into the memory referenced by
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.Fa buf
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and returns a pointer to
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.Fa buf .
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The
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.Fa size
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argument is the size, in bytes, of the array referenced by
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.Fa buf .
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.Pp
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If
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.Fa buf
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is
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.Dv NULL ,
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space is allocated as necessary to store the pathname.
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This space may later be
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.Xr free 3 Ns 'd.
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.Pp
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The function
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.Fn getwd
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is a compatibility routine which calls
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.Fn getcwd
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with its
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.Fa buf
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argument and a size of
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.Dv MAXPATHLEN
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(as defined in the include
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file
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.Aq Pa sys/param.h ) .
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Obviously,
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.Fa buf
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should be at least
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.Dv MAXPATHLEN
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bytes in length.
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.Pp
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These routines have traditionally been used by programs to save the
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name of a working directory for the purpose of returning to it.
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A much faster and less error-prone method of accomplishing this is to
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open the current directory
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.Pq Ql \&.
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and use the
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.Xr fchdir 2
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function to return.
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1995-02-05 18:14:38 +00:00
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.Pp
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These routines examine the the environment variable PWD,
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if it is an absolute path for the current directory,
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that path will be returned.
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Consequently, if the ``canonical'' name of the current directory is
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needed, unset the PWD environment variable before calling these routines.
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1994-05-27 05:00:24 +00:00
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.Sh RETURN VALUES
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Upon successful completion, a pointer to the pathname is returned.
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Otherwise a
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.Dv NULL
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pointer is returned and the global variable
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.Va errno
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is set to indicate the error.
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In addition,
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.Fn getwd
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copies the error message associated with
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.Va errno
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into the memory referenced by
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.Fa buf .
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.Sh ERRORS
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The
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.Fn getcwd
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function
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will fail if:
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.Bl -tag -width [EACCESS]
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.It Bq Er EACCESS
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Read or search permission was denied for a component of the pathname.
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.It Bq Er EINVAL
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The
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.Fa size
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argument is zero.
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.It Bq Er ENOENT
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A component of the pathname no longer exists.
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.It Bq Er ENOMEM
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Insufficient memory is available.
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.It Bq Er ERANGE
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The
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.Fa size
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argument is greater than zero but smaller than the length of the pathname
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plus 1.
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.El
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.Sh SEE ALSO
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.Xr chdir 2 ,
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.Xr fchdir 2 ,
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.Xr malloc 3 ,
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.Xr strerror 3
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.Sh STANDARDS
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The
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.Fn getcwd
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function
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conforms to
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.St -ansiC .
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The ability to specify a
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.Dv NULL
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pointer and have
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.Fn getcwd
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allocate memory as necessary is an extension.
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.Sh HISTORY
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The
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.Fn getwd
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function appeared in
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.Bx 4.0 .
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.Sh BUGS
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The
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.Fn getwd
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function
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does not do sufficient error checking and is not able to return very
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long, but valid, paths.
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It is provided for compatibility.
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