1994-05-30 19:09:18 +00:00
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.\" Copyright (c) 1990, 1993
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.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
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.\"
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.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
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.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
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.\" are met:
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.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
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.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
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.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
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2014-03-14 03:07:51 +00:00
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.\" 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
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1994-05-30 19:09:18 +00:00
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.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
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.\" without specific prior written permission.
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.\"
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.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
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.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
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.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
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.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
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.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
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.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
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.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
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.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
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.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
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.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
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.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
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.\"
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.\" @(#)hier.7 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/5/93
|
1999-08-28 00:22:10 +00:00
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.\" $FreeBSD$
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1994-05-30 19:09:18 +00:00
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.\"
|
2023-05-30 19:30:20 +00:00
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|
|
.Dd May 30, 2023
|
1994-05-30 19:09:18 +00:00
|
|
|
.Dt HIER 7
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|
|
.Os
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|
|
.Sh NAME
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|
|
.Nm hier
|
2002-12-12 17:26:04 +00:00
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|
.Nd layout of file systems
|
2022-11-23 01:41:04 +00:00
|
|
|
.Sh SYNOPSIS
|
2002-12-12 17:26:04 +00:00
|
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|
A sketch of the file system hierarchy.
|
2022-11-23 01:41:04 +00:00
|
|
|
.Sh DESCRIPTION
|
2017-04-03 20:28:34 +00:00
|
|
|
.Bl -tag -width "/libexec/"
|
2001-02-01 16:38:02 +00:00
|
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|
.It Pa /
|
2002-12-12 17:26:04 +00:00
|
|
|
root directory of the file system
|
2001-02-01 16:38:02 +00:00
|
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|
.It Pa /bin/
|
1994-05-30 19:09:18 +00:00
|
|
|
user utilities fundamental to both single-user and multi-user environments
|
2001-02-01 16:38:02 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Pa /boot/
|
1999-12-08 22:03:44 +00:00
|
|
|
programs and configuration files used during operating system bootstrap
|
|
|
|
.Pp
|
2017-04-03 20:28:34 +00:00
|
|
|
.Bl -tag -width "defaults/" -compact
|
2001-02-01 16:38:02 +00:00
|
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|
.It Pa defaults/
|
1999-12-08 22:03:44 +00:00
|
|
|
default bootstrapping configuration files; see
|
|
|
|
.Xr loader.conf 5
|
2014-09-03 21:59:07 +00:00
|
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|
.It Pa dtb/
|
|
|
|
Compiled flattened device tree (FDT) files; see
|
2014-12-29 13:50:59 +00:00
|
|
|
.Xr fdt 4
|
2014-09-03 21:59:07 +00:00
|
|
|
and
|
|
|
|
.Xr dtc 1
|
2019-11-20 21:06:29 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Pa efi/
|
2020-11-23 14:26:59 +00:00
|
|
|
Mount point for EFI System Partition (ESP) on UEFI systems
|
2014-09-03 21:59:07 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Pa firmware/
|
2017-04-06 19:17:20 +00:00
|
|
|
loadable kernel modules containing binary firmware for hardware that needs
|
2014-09-03 21:59:07 +00:00
|
|
|
firmware downloaded to it to function
|
2001-02-01 16:38:02 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Pa kernel/
|
2000-09-06 17:51:31 +00:00
|
|
|
pure kernel executable (the operating system loaded into memory
|
2017-04-06 19:10:16 +00:00
|
|
|
at boot time) and kernel modules
|
2001-02-01 16:38:02 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Pa modules/
|
2020-11-23 14:26:59 +00:00
|
|
|
third-party loadable kernel modules, such as the ones installed from
|
|
|
|
.Xr ports 7
|
2018-01-18 04:58:54 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Pa overlays/
|
|
|
|
Compiled flattened device tree (FDT) overlays; see
|
|
|
|
.Xr fdt 4
|
|
|
|
and
|
|
|
|
.Xr dtc 1
|
2014-09-03 21:59:07 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Pa zfs/
|
2014-12-29 13:50:59 +00:00
|
|
|
.Xr zfs 8
|
2017-04-06 19:17:20 +00:00
|
|
|
zpool cache files
|
1999-12-08 22:03:44 +00:00
|
|
|
.El
|
2001-06-26 14:03:11 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Pa /compat/
|
|
|
|
normally a link to
|
|
|
|
.Pa /usr/compat .
|
|
|
|
If not, then the
|
|
|
|
.Pa /usr/compat
|
2001-07-16 16:09:21 +00:00
|
|
|
comments apply
|
2001-02-01 16:38:02 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Pa /dev/
|
2004-12-17 14:28:53 +00:00
|
|
|
device special files managed by
|
|
|
|
.Xr devfs 5
|
1994-05-30 19:09:18 +00:00
|
|
|
.Pp
|
2018-04-02 21:33:16 +00:00
|
|
|
.Bl -tag -width "defaults/" -compact
|
2001-07-14 19:41:16 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Pa fd/
|
1994-05-30 19:09:18 +00:00
|
|
|
file descriptor files;
|
|
|
|
see
|
2023-05-10 13:26:35 +00:00
|
|
|
.Xr fd 4
|
1994-05-30 19:09:18 +00:00
|
|
|
.El
|
2001-02-01 16:38:02 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Pa /etc/
|
2001-07-14 19:41:16 +00:00
|
|
|
system configuration files and scripts
|
1994-05-30 19:09:18 +00:00
|
|
|
.Pp
|
2018-04-02 21:33:16 +00:00
|
|
|
.Bl -tag -width "defaults/" -compact
|
2023-05-30 19:30:20 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Pa bluetooth/
|
|
|
|
bluetooth configuration files
|
2001-02-01 16:38:02 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Pa defaults/
|
1999-05-29 12:58:44 +00:00
|
|
|
default system configuration files;
|
|
|
|
see
|
|
|
|
.Xr rc 8
|
2001-02-01 16:38:02 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Pa localtime
|
1997-03-08 15:54:56 +00:00
|
|
|
local timezone information;
|
|
|
|
see
|
|
|
|
.Xr ctime 3
|
2001-02-01 16:38:02 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Pa mail/
|
2001-06-26 14:03:11 +00:00
|
|
|
Sendmail control files
|
2001-07-14 19:41:16 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Pa mtree/
|
1994-05-30 19:09:18 +00:00
|
|
|
mtree configuration files;
|
|
|
|
see
|
1996-04-08 04:18:31 +00:00
|
|
|
.Xr mtree 8
|
2002-04-06 11:50:23 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Pa pam.d/
|
|
|
|
configuration files for the Pluggable Authentication Modules (PAM)
|
2006-09-13 17:46:20 +00:00
|
|
|
library
|
2001-02-01 16:38:02 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Pa periodic/
|
1999-05-29 12:58:44 +00:00
|
|
|
scripts that are run daily, weekly, and monthly, via
|
|
|
|
.Xr cron 8 ;
|
|
|
|
see
|
|
|
|
.Xr periodic 8
|
2023-05-30 19:30:20 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Pa ppp/
|
|
|
|
ppp configuration files;
|
|
|
|
see
|
|
|
|
.Xr ppp 8
|
2006-04-12 18:41:25 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Pa rc.d/
|
2017-04-06 19:17:20 +00:00
|
|
|
system and daemon startup/control scripts;
|
2006-04-12 18:41:25 +00:00
|
|
|
see
|
|
|
|
.Xr rc 8
|
|
|
|
.It Pa security/
|
|
|
|
OpenBSM audit configuration files;
|
|
|
|
see
|
|
|
|
.Xr audit 8
|
|
|
|
.It Pa ssh/
|
|
|
|
OpenSSH configuration files;
|
|
|
|
see
|
|
|
|
.Xr ssh 1
|
2001-02-01 16:38:02 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Pa ssl/
|
2000-01-30 04:22:11 +00:00
|
|
|
OpenSSL configuration files
|
1994-05-30 19:09:18 +00:00
|
|
|
.El
|
2023-05-23 12:21:12 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Pa /home/
|
|
|
|
users' HOME directories;
|
|
|
|
the layout is not standardized, but a typical interactive user
|
|
|
|
.Dv beastie
|
|
|
|
might receive their own directory
|
|
|
|
.Pa /home/beastie
|
2003-11-17 17:29:04 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Pa /lib/
|
|
|
|
critical system libraries needed for binaries in
|
|
|
|
.Pa /bin
|
|
|
|
and
|
|
|
|
.Pa /sbin
|
2004-05-20 11:02:58 +00:00
|
|
|
.Pp
|
2018-04-02 21:33:16 +00:00
|
|
|
.Bl -tag -width "defaults/" -compact
|
2018-12-06 21:27:36 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Pa casper/
|
|
|
|
service-specific
|
|
|
|
.Xr libcasper 3
|
|
|
|
Capsicum support libraries
|
2004-05-20 11:02:58 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Pa geom/
|
2004-05-20 13:38:48 +00:00
|
|
|
class-specific libraries for the
|
2004-05-20 11:02:58 +00:00
|
|
|
.Xr geom 8
|
|
|
|
utility
|
2018-12-06 22:58:26 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Pa nvmecontrol/
|
|
|
|
vendor-specific libraries to extend the
|
|
|
|
.Xr nvmecontrol 8
|
|
|
|
utility
|
2004-05-20 11:02:58 +00:00
|
|
|
.El
|
2003-11-17 17:29:04 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Pa /libexec/
|
2004-06-21 14:43:09 +00:00
|
|
|
critical system utilities needed for binaries in
|
2003-11-17 17:29:04 +00:00
|
|
|
.Pa /bin
|
|
|
|
and
|
|
|
|
.Pa /sbin
|
2006-05-10 18:53:15 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Pa /media/
|
|
|
|
contains subdirectories to be used as mount points
|
|
|
|
for removable media such as CDs, USB drives, and
|
|
|
|
floppy disks
|
2001-02-01 16:38:02 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Pa /mnt/
|
1994-05-30 19:09:18 +00:00
|
|
|
empty directory commonly used by
|
|
|
|
system administrators as a temporary mount point
|
2015-01-14 11:53:41 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Pa /net/
|
|
|
|
automounted NFS shares;
|
|
|
|
see
|
|
|
|
.Xr auto_master 5
|
2022-06-30 19:58:01 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Pa /nonexistent/
|
|
|
|
a non-existent directory;
|
|
|
|
by convention, it serves as a home directory
|
|
|
|
for special user accounts
|
|
|
|
that need no home directory;
|
|
|
|
see also
|
|
|
|
.Pa /var/empty/
|
2001-02-01 16:38:02 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Pa /proc/
|
2002-12-12 17:26:04 +00:00
|
|
|
process file system;
|
1997-03-08 15:54:56 +00:00
|
|
|
see
|
2006-11-22 00:08:35 +00:00
|
|
|
.Xr procfs 5
|
2003-08-08 11:15:57 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Pa /rescue/
|
|
|
|
statically linked programs for emergency recovery;
|
|
|
|
see
|
|
|
|
.Xr rescue 8
|
2001-02-01 16:38:02 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Pa /root/
|
1997-03-08 15:54:56 +00:00
|
|
|
root's HOME directory
|
2001-02-01 16:38:02 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Pa /sbin/
|
1994-05-30 19:09:18 +00:00
|
|
|
system programs and administration utilities
|
|
|
|
fundamental to both single-user and multi-user environments
|
2001-07-14 19:41:16 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Pa /tmp/
|
2001-10-16 18:32:33 +00:00
|
|
|
temporary files that are not guaranteed to persist across system reboots
|
2001-02-01 16:38:02 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Pa /usr/
|
2001-07-14 19:41:16 +00:00
|
|
|
contains the majority of user utilities and applications
|
1994-05-30 19:09:18 +00:00
|
|
|
.Pp
|
2022-03-14 17:19:53 +00:00
|
|
|
.Bl -tag -width "freebsd-dist/" -compact
|
2001-02-01 16:38:02 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Pa bin/
|
2001-06-26 14:03:11 +00:00
|
|
|
common utilities, programming tools, and applications
|
|
|
|
.It Pa compat/
|
2020-11-23 14:26:59 +00:00
|
|
|
files needed to support binary compatibility with other operating systems;
|
|
|
|
see
|
|
|
|
.Xr linux 4
|
2022-03-14 17:19:53 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Pa freebsd-dist/
|
|
|
|
distribution files
|
|
|
|
.Pq like base.txz ;
|
|
|
|
see
|
|
|
|
.Xr release 7
|
|
|
|
and
|
|
|
|
.Xr bsdinstall 8
|
2001-02-01 16:38:02 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Pa include/
|
1994-05-30 19:09:18 +00:00
|
|
|
standard C include files
|
|
|
|
.Pp
|
2001-02-01 16:38:02 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Pa lib/
|
2005-01-10 16:06:13 +00:00
|
|
|
shared and archive
|
2005-01-10 16:31:39 +00:00
|
|
|
.Xr ar 1 Ns -type
|
2005-01-10 16:06:13 +00:00
|
|
|
libraries
|
2018-04-02 21:33:16 +00:00
|
|
|
.Pp
|
1994-05-30 19:09:18 +00:00
|
|
|
.Bl -tag -width Fl -compact
|
2001-02-01 16:38:02 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Pa compat/
|
1999-05-29 12:58:44 +00:00
|
|
|
shared libraries for compatibility
|
2014-11-10 18:20:46 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Pa debug/
|
2015-09-24 16:55:22 +00:00
|
|
|
standalone debug data for the kernel and base system libraries and binaries
|
2006-08-03 05:46:32 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Pa dtrace/
|
|
|
|
DTrace library scripts
|
2006-07-29 19:47:09 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Pa engines/
|
|
|
|
OpenSSL (Cryptography/SSL toolkit) dynamically loadable engines
|
1994-05-30 19:09:18 +00:00
|
|
|
.El
|
1997-03-09 22:39:56 +00:00
|
|
|
.Pp
|
2001-02-01 16:38:02 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Pa libdata/
|
2004-07-03 18:29:24 +00:00
|
|
|
miscellaneous utility data files
|
2018-04-02 21:33:16 +00:00
|
|
|
.Pp
|
1997-03-09 22:39:56 +00:00
|
|
|
.Bl -tag -width Fl -compact
|
2004-03-25 00:41:06 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Pa gcc/
|
2022-11-23 01:41:04 +00:00
|
|
|
GCC configuration data
|
2001-02-01 16:38:02 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Pa ldscripts/
|
2001-01-13 18:38:00 +00:00
|
|
|
linker scripts;
|
|
|
|
see
|
|
|
|
.Xr ld 1
|
2022-07-25 09:14:50 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Pa pkgconfig/
|
2022-11-23 01:41:04 +00:00
|
|
|
.Xr pc 5 Pq Pa ports/devel/pkgconf
|
|
|
|
files: collections of compiler flags, linker flags, and other
|
|
|
|
information relevant to library use
|
1997-03-09 22:39:56 +00:00
|
|
|
.El
|
|
|
|
.Pp
|
2001-02-01 16:38:02 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Pa libexec/
|
1994-05-30 19:09:18 +00:00
|
|
|
system daemons & system utilities (executed by other programs)
|
2018-04-02 21:33:16 +00:00
|
|
|
.Pp
|
1997-03-09 22:39:56 +00:00
|
|
|
.Bl -tag -width Fl -compact
|
2001-02-01 16:38:02 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Pa aout/
|
2001-01-13 18:38:00 +00:00
|
|
|
utilities to manipulate a.out executables
|
2001-02-01 16:38:02 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Pa elf/
|
2001-01-13 18:38:00 +00:00
|
|
|
utilities to manipulate ELF executables
|
2001-02-01 16:38:02 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Pa lpr/
|
1999-09-13 17:20:58 +00:00
|
|
|
utilities and filters for LP print system;
|
1997-03-09 22:39:56 +00:00
|
|
|
see
|
|
|
|
.Xr lpr 1
|
2002-04-06 17:19:09 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Pa sendmail/
|
2002-05-29 17:24:40 +00:00
|
|
|
the
|
|
|
|
.Xr sendmail 8
|
|
|
|
binary;
|
2002-04-06 17:19:09 +00:00
|
|
|
see
|
|
|
|
.Xr mailwrapper 8
|
2001-02-01 16:38:02 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Pa sm.bin/
|
2002-05-29 17:24:40 +00:00
|
|
|
restricted shell for
|
|
|
|
.Xr sendmail 8 ;
|
2001-07-14 19:41:16 +00:00
|
|
|
see
|
1997-03-09 22:39:56 +00:00
|
|
|
.Xr smrsh 8
|
|
|
|
.El
|
|
|
|
.Pp
|
2001-02-01 16:38:02 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Pa local/
|
1994-05-30 19:09:18 +00:00
|
|
|
local executables, libraries, etc.
|
1997-03-21 20:14:15 +00:00
|
|
|
Also used as the default destination for the
|
2017-04-06 19:10:16 +00:00
|
|
|
.Xr ports 7
|
|
|
|
framework.
|
2013-05-13 18:13:50 +00:00
|
|
|
Within
|
|
|
|
.Pa local/ ,
|
|
|
|
the general layout sketched out by
|
2002-12-24 13:41:48 +00:00
|
|
|
.Nm
|
2013-05-13 18:13:50 +00:00
|
|
|
for
|
|
|
|
.Pa /usr
|
2004-07-03 18:29:24 +00:00
|
|
|
should be used.
|
2013-05-13 18:13:50 +00:00
|
|
|
Exceptions are the
|
|
|
|
ports documentation
|
|
|
|
.Po in
|
|
|
|
.Pa share/doc/<port>/ Ns Pc ,
|
|
|
|
and
|
|
|
|
.Pa /usr/local/etc
|
|
|
|
.Po mimics
|
|
|
|
.Pa /etc Ns Pc .
|
2001-02-01 16:38:02 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Pa obj/
|
2022-06-28 10:23:31 +00:00
|
|
|
architecture-specific target tree produced by building
|
|
|
|
.Fx
|
|
|
|
from source;
|
|
|
|
see
|
|
|
|
.Xr build 7
|
2001-02-01 16:38:02 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Pa ports/
|
2000-11-14 11:20:58 +00:00
|
|
|
.Fx
|
2021-12-18 11:50:07 +00:00
|
|
|
ports collection; see
|
|
|
|
.Xr ports 7
|
2001-02-01 16:38:02 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Pa sbin/
|
1994-05-30 19:09:18 +00:00
|
|
|
system daemons & system utilities (executed by users)
|
2001-02-01 16:38:02 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Pa share/
|
1998-12-21 05:57:57 +00:00
|
|
|
architecture-independent files
|
1994-05-30 19:09:18 +00:00
|
|
|
.Pp
|
2018-04-02 21:33:16 +00:00
|
|
|
.Bl -tag -width Fl -compact
|
2020-03-03 00:20:08 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Pa calendar/
|
|
|
|
a variety of pre-fab calendar files;
|
|
|
|
see
|
|
|
|
.Xr calendar 1
|
2001-02-01 16:38:02 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Pa dict/
|
1994-05-30 19:09:18 +00:00
|
|
|
word lists;
|
|
|
|
see
|
|
|
|
.Xr look 1
|
|
|
|
.Bl -tag -width Fl -compact
|
2002-04-01 00:57:34 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Pa freebsd
|
2002-05-29 17:30:56 +00:00
|
|
|
.Fx Ns -specific
|
|
|
|
terms, proper names, and jargon
|
2001-02-01 16:38:02 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Pa web2
|
2022-11-23 01:41:04 +00:00
|
|
|
words from Webster's Second International
|
1994-05-30 19:09:18 +00:00
|
|
|
.El
|
2001-02-01 16:38:02 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Pa doc/
|
2023-05-10 12:53:40 +00:00
|
|
|
miscellaneous documentation
|
2001-02-01 16:38:02 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Pa examples/
|
1997-03-09 22:39:56 +00:00
|
|
|
various examples for users and programmers
|
2016-03-15 04:42:37 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Pa firmware/
|
2017-04-06 19:17:20 +00:00
|
|
|
firmware images loaded by userland programs
|
2001-02-01 16:38:02 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Pa games/
|
1999-09-20 09:15:23 +00:00
|
|
|
ASCII text files used by various games
|
2013-10-29 15:07:54 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Pa keys/
|
2021-12-18 11:50:07 +00:00
|
|
|
known trusted and revoked keys
|
2018-04-02 21:33:16 +00:00
|
|
|
.Bl -tag -width Fl -compact
|
2017-04-06 19:10:16 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Pa pkg/
|
2013-10-29 15:07:54 +00:00
|
|
|
fingerprints for
|
|
|
|
.Xr pkg 7
|
|
|
|
and
|
|
|
|
.Xr pkg 8
|
|
|
|
.El
|
2001-02-01 16:38:02 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Pa locale/
|
2001-01-13 18:38:00 +00:00
|
|
|
localization files;
|
1997-03-09 22:39:56 +00:00
|
|
|
see
|
|
|
|
.Xr setlocale 3
|
2001-02-01 16:38:02 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Pa man/
|
2001-07-14 19:41:16 +00:00
|
|
|
manual pages
|
2001-02-01 16:38:02 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Pa misc/
|
2004-07-03 18:29:24 +00:00
|
|
|
miscellaneous system-wide ASCII text files
|
1994-05-30 19:09:18 +00:00
|
|
|
.Bl -tag -width Fl -compact
|
2001-02-01 16:38:02 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Pa fonts/
|
1997-03-09 22:39:56 +00:00
|
|
|
???
|
2001-02-01 16:38:02 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Pa termcap
|
1994-05-30 19:09:18 +00:00
|
|
|
terminal characteristics database;
|
|
|
|
see
|
|
|
|
.Xr termcap 5
|
|
|
|
.El
|
2001-02-01 16:38:02 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Pa mk/
|
1994-05-30 19:09:18 +00:00
|
|
|
templates for make;
|
|
|
|
see
|
|
|
|
.Xr make 1
|
2001-02-01 16:38:02 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Pa nls/
|
2019-09-10 07:40:45 +00:00
|
|
|
national language support files
|
2003-11-08 18:01:44 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Pa security/
|
|
|
|
data files for security policies such as
|
|
|
|
.Xr mac_lomac 4
|
2001-07-14 19:41:16 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Pa sendmail/
|
2000-12-11 13:41:57 +00:00
|
|
|
.Xr sendmail 8
|
2002-05-29 17:24:40 +00:00
|
|
|
configuration files
|
2001-02-01 16:38:02 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Pa skel/
|
2004-07-03 18:29:24 +00:00
|
|
|
example
|
|
|
|
.Pa .\&
|
|
|
|
(dot) files for new accounts
|
2004-04-14 16:06:19 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Pa snmp/
|
2021-12-18 11:50:07 +00:00
|
|
|
MIBs, example files and tree definitions for the SNMP daemon
|
2004-04-14 16:06:19 +00:00
|
|
|
.Bl -tag -width Fl -compact
|
|
|
|
.It Pa defs/
|
2017-04-06 19:17:20 +00:00
|
|
|
tree definition files for use with
|
2004-04-14 16:06:19 +00:00
|
|
|
.Xr gensnmptree 1
|
|
|
|
.It Pa mibs/
|
|
|
|
MIB files
|
|
|
|
.El
|
2001-02-01 16:38:02 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Pa syscons/
|
2001-01-13 18:38:00 +00:00
|
|
|
files used by syscons;
|
1999-09-13 17:20:58 +00:00
|
|
|
see
|
|
|
|
.Xr syscons 4
|
2018-04-02 21:33:16 +00:00
|
|
|
.Bl -tag -width Fl -compact
|
2001-02-01 16:38:02 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Pa fonts/
|
1999-09-13 17:20:58 +00:00
|
|
|
console fonts;
|
|
|
|
see
|
|
|
|
.Xr vidcontrol 1
|
|
|
|
and
|
|
|
|
.Xr vidfont 1
|
2001-02-01 16:38:02 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Pa keymaps/
|
1999-09-13 17:20:58 +00:00
|
|
|
console keyboard maps;
|
|
|
|
see
|
|
|
|
.Xr kbdcontrol 1
|
|
|
|
and
|
|
|
|
.Xr kbdmap 1
|
2001-02-01 16:38:02 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Pa scrnmaps/
|
1999-09-13 17:20:58 +00:00
|
|
|
console screen maps
|
|
|
|
.El
|
2022-03-01 23:58:28 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Pa sysroot/
|
|
|
|
files necessary for the -sysroot compiler/linker argument to build non-native
|
|
|
|
binaries.
|
|
|
|
.Bl -tag -width Fl -compact
|
|
|
|
.It Pa VERSION/
|
|
|
|
files for
|
|
|
|
.Fx
|
|
|
|
release VERSION.
|
|
|
|
By convention,
|
|
|
|
.Dq VERSION
|
|
|
|
matches
|
|
|
|
.Xr uname 1
|
|
|
|
.Fl r .
|
|
|
|
.Bl -tag -width Fl -compact
|
|
|
|
.It Pa MACHINE.MACHINE_ARCH/
|
|
|
|
represent the binary ABI for these files.
|
|
|
|
.Dq MACHINE
|
|
|
|
matches
|
|
|
|
.Xr uname 1
|
|
|
|
.Fl m .
|
|
|
|
.Dq MACHINE_ARCH
|
|
|
|
matches
|
|
|
|
.Xr uname 1
|
|
|
|
.Fl p .
|
|
|
|
.El
|
|
|
|
.El
|
2001-02-01 16:38:02 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Pa tabset/
|
2001-07-14 19:41:16 +00:00
|
|
|
tab description files for a variety of terminals; used in
|
1994-05-30 19:09:18 +00:00
|
|
|
the termcap file;
|
|
|
|
see
|
|
|
|
.Xr termcap 5
|
2001-02-01 16:38:02 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Pa vi/
|
1999-09-13 17:20:58 +00:00
|
|
|
localization support and utilities for
|
2001-01-13 18:38:00 +00:00
|
|
|
.Xr vi 1
|
2014-08-26 08:13:30 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Pa vt/
|
|
|
|
files used by vt;
|
|
|
|
see
|
|
|
|
.Xr vt 4
|
2018-04-02 21:33:16 +00:00
|
|
|
.Bl -tag -width Fl -compact
|
2014-08-26 08:13:30 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Pa fonts/
|
|
|
|
console fonts;
|
|
|
|
see
|
|
|
|
.Xr vidcontrol 1
|
|
|
|
and
|
|
|
|
.Xr vidfont 1
|
|
|
|
.It Pa keymaps/
|
|
|
|
console keyboard maps;
|
|
|
|
see
|
|
|
|
.Xr kbdcontrol 1
|
|
|
|
and
|
|
|
|
.Xr kbdmap 1
|
|
|
|
.\" .It Pa scrnmaps/
|
|
|
|
.\" console screen maps
|
|
|
|
.El
|
2017-03-13 19:54:20 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Pa zoneinfo/
|
|
|
|
timezone configuration information;
|
|
|
|
see
|
|
|
|
.Xr tzfile 5
|
|
|
|
.El
|
2018-04-02 21:33:16 +00:00
|
|
|
.Pp
|
2001-02-01 16:38:02 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Pa src/
|
2020-11-23 14:26:59 +00:00
|
|
|
.Fx
|
2021-12-18 11:50:07 +00:00
|
|
|
source code; see
|
2022-11-01 15:15:18 +00:00
|
|
|
.Xr development 7 .
|
|
|
|
The layout of the source tree is described by the top-level
|
|
|
|
.Pa README.md
|
|
|
|
file.
|
2013-10-25 05:33:04 +00:00
|
|
|
.Pp
|
|
|
|
.It Pa tests/
|
|
|
|
The
|
|
|
|
.Fx
|
2020-11-23 14:26:59 +00:00
|
|
|
test suite; see
|
2014-02-20 13:33:18 +00:00
|
|
|
.Xr tests 7
|
1994-05-30 19:09:18 +00:00
|
|
|
.El
|
2001-02-01 16:38:02 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Pa /var/
|
1994-05-30 19:09:18 +00:00
|
|
|
multi-purpose log, temporary, transient, and spool files
|
|
|
|
.Pp
|
2018-04-02 21:33:16 +00:00
|
|
|
.Bl -tag -width "defaults/" -compact
|
2001-07-14 19:41:16 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Pa account/
|
1994-05-30 19:09:18 +00:00
|
|
|
system accounting files
|
|
|
|
.Pp
|
|
|
|
.Bl -tag -width Fl -compact
|
2001-02-01 16:38:02 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Pa acct
|
1994-05-30 19:09:18 +00:00
|
|
|
execution accounting file;
|
|
|
|
see
|
|
|
|
.Xr acct 5
|
|
|
|
.El
|
|
|
|
.Pp
|
2001-02-01 16:38:02 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Pa at/
|
1994-05-30 19:09:18 +00:00
|
|
|
timed command scheduling files;
|
|
|
|
see
|
2023-05-10 13:26:35 +00:00
|
|
|
.Xr at 1
|
2018-04-02 21:33:16 +00:00
|
|
|
.Pp
|
|
|
|
.Bl -tag -width Fl -compact
|
2001-02-01 16:38:02 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Pa jobs/
|
1997-03-09 22:39:56 +00:00
|
|
|
directory containing job files
|
2001-02-01 16:38:02 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Pa spool/
|
2001-07-14 19:41:16 +00:00
|
|
|
directory containing output spool files
|
1997-03-09 22:39:56 +00:00
|
|
|
.El
|
|
|
|
.Pp
|
2001-02-01 16:38:02 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Pa backups/
|
2004-07-03 18:29:24 +00:00
|
|
|
miscellaneous backup files
|
2013-10-26 03:55:29 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Pa cache/
|
|
|
|
miscellaneous cached files
|
2018-04-02 21:33:16 +00:00
|
|
|
.Pp
|
|
|
|
.Bl -tag -width Fl -compact
|
2013-10-26 03:55:29 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Pa pkg/
|
|
|
|
cached packages for
|
|
|
|
.Xr pkg 8
|
|
|
|
.El
|
|
|
|
.Pp
|
2001-02-01 16:38:02 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Pa crash/
|
2001-01-13 18:38:00 +00:00
|
|
|
default directory to store kernel crash dumps; see
|
1997-03-09 22:39:56 +00:00
|
|
|
.Xr crash 8
|
1999-09-13 17:20:58 +00:00
|
|
|
and
|
2001-01-13 18:38:00 +00:00
|
|
|
.Xr savecore 8
|
2001-02-01 16:38:02 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Pa cron/
|
2001-01-13 18:38:00 +00:00
|
|
|
files used by cron;
|
1997-03-09 22:39:56 +00:00
|
|
|
see
|
|
|
|
.Xr cron 8
|
2018-04-02 21:33:16 +00:00
|
|
|
.Pp
|
|
|
|
.Bl -tag -width Fl -compact
|
2001-02-01 16:38:02 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Pa tabs/
|
1997-03-09 22:39:56 +00:00
|
|
|
crontab files;
|
|
|
|
see
|
|
|
|
.Xr crontab 5
|
|
|
|
.El
|
|
|
|
.Pp
|
2001-07-14 19:41:16 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Pa db/
|
2004-07-03 18:29:24 +00:00
|
|
|
miscellaneous automatically generated system-specific database files
|
2022-08-04 13:57:18 +00:00
|
|
|
.Bl -tag -width Fl -compact
|
|
|
|
.It Pa freebsd-update/
|
|
|
|
.Xr freebsd-update 8
|
|
|
|
work directory for temporary files and downloaded updates
|
|
|
|
.El
|
2002-09-26 17:12:05 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Pa empty/
|
2003-09-13 16:23:49 +00:00
|
|
|
empty directory for use by programs that need a specifically empty directory.
|
|
|
|
Used for instance by
|
2002-09-26 17:12:05 +00:00
|
|
|
.Xr sshd 8
|
2021-12-18 11:50:07 +00:00
|
|
|
for privilege separation
|
2001-07-14 19:41:16 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Pa games/
|
2004-07-03 18:29:24 +00:00
|
|
|
miscellaneous game status and score files
|
2003-01-10 18:32:39 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Pa heimdal/
|
2018-06-18 13:49:44 +00:00
|
|
|
Kerberos server databases; see
|
2003-01-10 18:32:39 +00:00
|
|
|
.Xr kdc 8
|
2001-07-14 19:41:16 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Pa log/
|
2004-07-03 18:29:24 +00:00
|
|
|
miscellaneous system log files
|
1994-05-30 19:09:18 +00:00
|
|
|
.Pp
|
|
|
|
.Bl -tag -width Fl -compact
|
2010-01-21 17:25:12 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Pa utx.lastlogin
|
|
|
|
last login log;
|
|
|
|
see
|
|
|
|
.Xr getutxent 3
|
|
|
|
.It Pa utx.log
|
1994-05-30 19:09:18 +00:00
|
|
|
login/logout log;
|
|
|
|
see
|
2010-01-21 17:25:12 +00:00
|
|
|
.Xr getutxent 3
|
1994-05-30 19:09:18 +00:00
|
|
|
.El
|
|
|
|
.Pp
|
2001-07-14 19:41:16 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Pa mail/
|
1994-05-30 19:09:18 +00:00
|
|
|
user mailbox files
|
2003-01-10 18:32:39 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Pa msgs/
|
|
|
|
system messages database;
|
|
|
|
see
|
|
|
|
.Xr msgs 1
|
2001-02-01 16:38:02 +00:00
|
|
|
.It Pa preserve/
|
1994-05-30 19:09:18 +00:00
|
|
|
temporary home of files preserved after an accidental death
|
|
|
|
of an editor;
|
|
|
|
see
|
2023-05-10 13:26:35 +00:00
|
|
|
.Xr ex 1
|
2001-07-14 19:41:16 +00:00
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.It Pa quotas/
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2002-12-12 17:26:04 +00:00
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file system quota information files
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2001-02-01 16:38:02 +00:00
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.It Pa run/
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1994-05-30 19:09:18 +00:00
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system information files describing various info about
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system since it was booted
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.Pp
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.Bl -tag -width Fl -compact
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2021-02-19 02:48:40 +00:00
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.It Pa bhyve/
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2022-06-28 13:15:53 +00:00
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.Xr bhyve 8
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virtual machine
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.Xr unix 4 Ns -domain sockets
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2001-11-01 23:44:12 +00:00
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.It Pa ppp/
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2001-11-21 13:33:30 +00:00
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writable by the
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.Dq network
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group for command connection sockets; see
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2001-11-01 23:44:12 +00:00
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.Xr ppp 8
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2010-01-21 17:25:12 +00:00
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.It Pa utx.active
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1994-05-30 19:09:18 +00:00
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database of current users;
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see
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2010-01-21 17:26:11 +00:00
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.Xr getutxent 3
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1994-05-30 19:09:18 +00:00
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.El
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.Pp
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2001-07-14 19:41:16 +00:00
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.It Pa rwho/
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1994-05-30 19:09:18 +00:00
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rwho data files;
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see
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.Xr rwhod 8 ,
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.Xr rwho 1 ,
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and
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.Xr ruptime 1
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2001-07-14 19:41:16 +00:00
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.It Pa spool/
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2004-07-03 18:29:24 +00:00
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miscellaneous printer and mail system spooling directories
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1994-05-30 19:09:18 +00:00
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.Pp
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.Bl -tag -width Fl -compact
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2002-04-06 17:19:09 +00:00
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.It Pa clientmqueue/
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undelivered submission mail queue;
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see
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.Xr sendmail 8
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2001-07-14 19:41:16 +00:00
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.It Pa ftp/
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2022-06-28 13:13:39 +00:00
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ftp root directory;
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see
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.Xr ftpd 8
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2001-07-14 19:41:16 +00:00
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.It Pa mqueue/
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1994-05-30 19:09:18 +00:00
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undelivered mail queue;
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see
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.Xr sendmail 8
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2001-02-01 16:38:02 +00:00
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.It Pa output/
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1994-05-30 19:09:18 +00:00
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line printer spooling directories
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.El
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.Pp
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2001-07-14 19:41:16 +00:00
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.It Pa tmp/
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1994-05-30 19:09:18 +00:00
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temporary files that are kept between system reboots
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2018-04-02 21:33:16 +00:00
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.Pp
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1997-03-09 22:39:56 +00:00
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.Bl -tag -width Fl -compact
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2001-02-01 16:38:02 +00:00
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.It Pa vi.recover/
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1997-03-09 22:39:56 +00:00
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the directory where recovery files are stored
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.El
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2018-04-02 21:33:16 +00:00
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.Pp
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2001-02-01 16:38:02 +00:00
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.It Pa yp/
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2021-12-18 11:50:07 +00:00
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the NIS maps; see
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.Xr yp 8
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1994-05-30 19:09:18 +00:00
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.El
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.El
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2001-10-13 21:48:57 +00:00
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.Sh NOTES
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2001-11-21 13:33:30 +00:00
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This manual page documents the default
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.Fx
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2002-12-12 17:26:04 +00:00
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file system layout, but
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2001-10-13 21:48:57 +00:00
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the actual hierarchy on a given system is defined at the system
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administrator's discretion.
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A well-maintained installation will include a customized version of
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this document.
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1994-05-30 19:09:18 +00:00
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.Sh SEE ALSO
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.Xr apropos 1 ,
|
1996-12-26 16:16:37 +00:00
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.Xr find 1 ,
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.Xr grep 1 ,
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.Xr ls 1 ,
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1994-05-30 19:09:18 +00:00
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.Xr whereis 1 ,
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2021-12-18 11:50:07 +00:00
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.Xr which 1
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1994-05-30 19:09:18 +00:00
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.Sh HISTORY
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A
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2000-11-20 18:41:33 +00:00
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.Nm
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1994-05-30 19:09:18 +00:00
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manual page appeared in
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.At v7 .
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