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Manual pages for fwide(), getwc(), fgetwc(), getwchar(), putwc(), fputwc(),

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putwchar(), ungetwc() from NetBSD and Citrus Project, unmodified except
for the addition of $FreeBSD$.

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.\" $NetBSD: fwide.3,v 1.3 2002/02/07 07:00:25 ross Exp $
.\"
.\" Copyright (c)2001 Citrus Project,
.\" All rights reserved.
.\"
.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
.\" are met:
.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
.\"
.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
.\"
.\" $Citrus: xpg4dl/FreeBSD/lib/libc/stdio/fwide.3,v 1.2 2001/12/07 04:47:08 yamt Exp $
.\" $FreeBSD$
.\"
.Dd October 24, 2001
.Dt FWIDE 3
.Os
.Sh NAME
.Nm fwide
.Nd get/set orientation of a stream
.Sh LIBRARY
.Lb libc
.Sh SYNOPSIS
.Fd #include \*[Lt]stdio.h\*[Gt]
.Fd #include \*[Lt]wchar.h\*[Gt]
.Ft int
.Fn fwide "FILE *stream" "int mode"
.Sh DESCRIPTION
The
.Fn fwide
function
determines the orientation of the stream pointed at by
.Fa stream .
.Pp
If the orientation of
.Fa stream
has already been determined,
.Fn fwide
leaves it unchanged.
Otherwise,
.Fn fwide
sets the orientation of
.Fa stream
according to
.Fa mode .
.Pp
If
.Fa mode
is less than zero,
.Fa stream
is set to byte-oriented.
If it is greater than zero,
.Fa stream
is set to wide-oriented.
Otherwise,
.Fa mode
is zero, and
.Fa stream
is unchanged.
.Sh RETURN VALUES
.Fn fwide
returns a value according to orientation after the call of
.Fn fwide ;
a value less than zero if byte-oriented, a value greater than zero
if wide-oriented, and zero if the stream has no orientation.
.Sh SEE ALSO
.Xr ferror 3 ,
.Xr fgetc 3 ,
.Xr fgetwc 3 ,
.Xr fopen 3 ,
.Xr fputc 3 ,
.Xr fputwc 3 ,
.Xr freopen 3 ,
.Xr stdio 3
.Sh STANDARDS
The
.Fn fwide
function
conforms to
.St -isoC99 .

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.\" $NetBSD: getwc.3,v 1.3 2002/02/07 07:00:26 ross Exp $
.\"
.\" Copyright (c) 1990, 1991, 1993
.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
.\"
.\" This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
.\" Chris Torek and the American National Standards Committee X3,
.\" on Information Processing Systems.
.\"
.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
.\" are met:
.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
.\" must display the following acknowledgement:
.\" This product includes software developed by the University of
.\" California, Berkeley and its contributors.
.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
.\" without specific prior written permission.
.\"
.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
.\"
.\" @(#)getc.3 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/4/93
.\" $FreeBSD$
.\"
.Dd October 24, 2001
.Dt GETWC 3
.Os
.Sh NAME
.Nm fgetwc ,
.Nm getwc ,
.Nm getwchar ,
.Nd get next wide-character from input stream
.Sh LIBRARY
.Lb libc
.Sh SYNOPSIS
.Fd #include \*[Lt]stdio.h\*[Gt]
.Fd #include \*[Lt]wchar.h\*[Gt]
.Ft wint_t
.Fn fgetwc "FILE *stream"
.Ft wint_t
.Fn getwc "FILE *stream"
.Ft wint_t
.Fn getwchar
.Sh DESCRIPTION
The
.Fn fgetwc
function
obtains the next input wide-character (if present) from the stream pointed at by
.Fa stream ,
or the next character pushed back on the stream via
.Xr ungetwc 3 .
.Pp
The
.Fn getwc
function
acts essentially identically to
.Fn fgetwc ,
but is a macro that expands in-line.
.Pp
The
.Fn getwchar
function
is equivalent to
.Fn getwc
with the argument stdin.
.Sh RETURN VALUES
If successful, these routines return the next wide-character
from the
.Fa stream .
If the stream is at end-of-file or a read error occurs,
the routines return
.Dv WEOF .
The routines
.Xr feof 3
and
.Xr ferror 3
must be used to distinguish between end-of-file and error.
If an error occurs, the global variable
.Va errno
is set to indicate the error.
The end-of-file condition is remembered, even on a terminal, and all
subsequent attempts to read will return
.Dv WEOF
until the condition is cleared with
.Xr clearerr 3 .
.Sh SEE ALSO
.Xr ferror 3 ,
.Xr fopen 3 ,
.Xr fread 3 ,
.Xr putwc 3 ,
.Xr stdio 3 ,
.Xr ungetwc 3
.Sh STANDARDS
The
.Fn fgetwc ,
.Fn getwc
and
.Fn getwchar
functions
conform to
.St -isoC99 .

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.\" $NetBSD: putwc.3,v 1.2 2002/02/07 07:00:26 ross Exp $
.\"
.\" Copyright (c) 1990, 1991, 1993
.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
.\"
.\" This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
.\" Chris Torek and the American National Standards Committee X3,
.\" on Information Processing Systems.
.\"
.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
.\" are met:
.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
.\" must display the following acknowledgement:
.\" This product includes software developed by the University of
.\" California, Berkeley and its contributors.
.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
.\" without specific prior written permission.
.\"
.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
.\"
.\" @(#)putc.3 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/4/93
.\" $FreeBSD$
.\"
.Dd October 20, 2001
.Dt PUTWC 3
.Os
.Sh NAME
.Nm fputwc ,
.Nm putwc ,
.Nm putwchar ,
.Nd output a wide-character to a stream
.Sh LIBRARY
.Lb libc
.Sh SYNOPSIS
.Fd #include \*[Lt]stdio.h\*[Gt]
.Fd #include \*[Lt]wchar.h\*[Gt]
.Ft wint_t
.Fn fputwc "wchar_t wc" "FILE *stream"
.Ft wint_t
.Fn putwc "wchar_t wc" "FILE *stream"
.Ft wint_t
.Fn putwchar "wchar_t wc"
.Sh DESCRIPTION
The
.Fn fputwc
function
writes the wide-character
.Fa wc
to the output stream pointed to by
.Fa stream .
.Pp
.Fn putwc
acts essentially identically to
.Fn fputwc ,
but is a macro that expands in-line. It may evaluate
.Fa stream
more than once, so arguments given to
.Fn putwc
should not be expressions with potential side effects.
.Pp
.Fn putwchar
is identical to
.Fn putwc
with an output stream of
.Em stdout .
.Sh RETURN VALUES
The functions,
.Fn fputwc ,
.Fn putwc
and
.Fn putwchar
return the wide-character written.
If an error occurs, the value
.Dv WEOF
is returned.
.Sh SEE ALSO
.Xr ferror 3 ,
.Xr fopen 3 ,
.Xr getwc 3 ,
.Xr stdio 3
.Sh STANDARDS
The functions
.Fn fputwc ,
.Fn putwc ,
and
.Fn putwchar ,
conform to
.St -isoC99 .

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.\" $NetBSD: ungetwc.3,v 1.3 2002/02/07 07:00:27 ross Exp $
.\"
.\" Copyright (c) 1990, 1991, 1993
.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
.\"
.\" This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
.\" Chris Torek and the American National Standards Committee X3,
.\" on Information Processing Systems.
.\"
.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
.\" are met:
.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
.\" must display the following acknowledgement:
.\" This product includes software developed by the University of
.\" California, Berkeley and its contributors.
.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
.\" without specific prior written permission.
.\"
.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
.\"
.\" @(#)ungetc.3 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/4/93
.\" $FreeBSD$
.\"
.Dd October 24, 2001
.Dt UNGETWC 3
.Os
.Sh NAME
.Nm ungetwc
.Nd un-get wide-character from input stream
.Sh LIBRARY
.Lb libc
.Sh SYNOPSIS
.Fd #include \*[Lt]stdio.h\*[Gt]
.Fd #include \*[Lt]wchar.h\*[Gt]
.Ft wint_t
.Fn ungetwc "wint_t wc" "FILE *stream"
.Sh DESCRIPTION
The
.Fn ungetwc
function pushes the wide-character
.Fa wc
(converted to an wchar_t)
back onto the input stream pointed to by
.Fa stream .
The pushed-backed wide-characters will be returned by subsequent reads on the
stream (in reverse order).
A successful intervening call, using the same stream, to one of the file
positioning functions
.Xr fseek 3 ,
.Xr fsetpos 3 ,
or
.Xr rewind 3
will discard the pushed back wide-characters.
.Pp
One wide-character of push-back is guaranteed,
but as long as there is
sufficient memory, an effectively infinite amount of pushback is allowed.
.Pp
If a character is successfully pushed-back,
the end-of-file indicator for the stream is cleared.
.Sh RETURN VALUES
The
.Fn ungetwc
function
returns
the wide-character pushed-back after the conversion, or
.Dv WEOF
if the operation fails.
If the value of the argument
.Fa c
character equals
.Dv WEOF ,
the operation will fail and the stream will remain unchanged.
.Sh SEE ALSO
.Xr fseek 3 ,
.Xr getwc 3
.Sh STANDARDS
The
.Fn ungetwc
function conforms to
.St -isoC99 .
.Sh BUGS
The current implementation uses a fixed sized ungetwc-buffer.