Use `The .Nm utility'

svn path=/head/; revision=95083

usr.bin/apply/apply.1

@@ -45,8 +45,9 @@
 .Op Fl #
 .Ar command argument ...
 .Sh DESCRIPTION
+The
 .Nm
-runs the named
+utility runs the named
 .Ar command
 on each
 argument

usr.bin/basename/basename.1

@@ -48,8 +48,9 @@
 .Nm dirname
 .Ar string
 .Sh DESCRIPTION
-.Nm Basename
+The
-deletes any prefix ending with the last slash
+.Nm
+utility deletes any prefix ending with the last slash
 .Ql \&/
 character present in
 .Ar string
@@ -64,8 +65,9 @@ is not stripped if it is identical to the remaining characters in
 The resulting filename is written to the standard output.
 A non-existent suffix is ignored.
 .Pp
-.Nm Dirname
+The
-deletes the filename portion, beginning
+.Nm dirname
+utility deletes the filename portion, beginning
 with the last slash
 .Ql \&/
 character to the end of
@@ -89,6 +91,6 @@ The
 .Nm
 and
 .Nm dirname
-functions are expected to be
+utilities are expected to be
 .St -p1003.2
 compatible.

usr.bin/biff/biff.1

@@ -42,8 +42,9 @@
 .Nm
 .Op Cm n | y
 .Sh DESCRIPTION
-.Nm Biff
+The
-informs the system whether you want to be notified when mail arrives
+.Nm
+utility informs the system whether you want to be notified when mail arrives
 during the current terminal session.
 .Pp
 The following options are available:
@@ -64,8 +65,9 @@ or
 .Pa \&.profile
 to be executed at each login.
 .Pp
-.Nm Biff
+The
-operates asynchronously.
+.Nm
+utility operates asynchronously.
 For synchronous notification use the
 .Ev MAIL
 variable of

usr.bin/cap_mkdb/cap_mkdb.1

@@ -45,8 +45,9 @@
 .Ar file
 .Op Ar
 .Sh DESCRIPTION
-.Nm Cap_mkdb
+The
-builds a hashed database out of the
+.Nm
+utility builds a hashed database out of the
 .Xr getcap 3
 logical database constructed by the concatenation of the specified
 files.

usr.bin/chkey/chkey.1

@@ -11,8 +11,9 @@
 .Sh SYNOPSIS
 .Nm
 .Sh DESCRIPTION
-.Nm Chkey
+The
-prompts the user for their login password,
+.Nm
+utility prompts the user for their login password,
 and uses it to encrypt a new encryption key
 for the user to be stored in the
 .Xr publickey 5

usr.bin/chpass/chpass.1

@@ -254,8 +254,9 @@ for an explanation of the impact of setting the
 .Ev PW_SCAN_BIG_IDS
 environment variable.
 .Sh NIS INTERACTION
-.Nm Chpass
+The
-can also be used in conjunction with NIS, however some restrictions
+.Nm
+utility can also be used in conjunction with NIS, however some restrictions
 apply.
 Currently,
 .Nm
@@ -311,8 +312,9 @@ change any field.
 .Pp
 .It
 .Em "Password authentication is required" .
-.Nm Chpass
+The
-will prompt for the user's NIS password before effecting
+.Nm
+utility will prompt for the user's NIS password before effecting
 any changes.
 If the password is invalid, all changes will be
 discarded.
@@ -325,8 +327,9 @@ choose to turn off this feature using the
 flag, described below.)
 .It
 .Em "Adding new records to the local password database is discouraged" .
-.Nm Chpass
+The
-will allow the administrator to add new records to the
+.Nm
+utility will allow the administrator to add new records to the
 local password database while NIS is enabled, but this can lead to
 some confusion since the new records are appended to the end of
 the master password file, usually after the special NIS '+' entries.
@@ -341,8 +344,9 @@ to the NIS password maps, provided the
 server has been started with the
 .Fl a
 flag to permitted additions (it refuses them by default).
-.Nm Chpass
+The
-tries to update the local password database by default; to update the
+.Nm
+utility tries to update the local password database by default; to update the
 NIS maps instead, invoke chpass with the
 .Fl y
 flag.
@@ -386,8 +390,9 @@ This flag is largely redundant since
 operates on NIS entries by default if NIS is enabled.
 .It Fl d Ar domain
 Specify a particular NIS domain.
-.Nm Chpass
+The
-uses the system domain name by default, as set by the
+.Nm
+utility uses the system domain name by default, as set by the
 .Xr domainname 1
 command.
 The

usr.bin/col/col.1

@@ -46,8 +46,9 @@
 .Op Fl bfhpx
 .Op Fl l Ar num
 .Sh DESCRIPTION
-.Nm Col
+The
-filters out reverse (and half reverse) line feeds so that the output is
+.Nm
+utility filters out reverse (and half reverse) line feeds so that the output is
 in the correct order with only forward and half forward line
 feeds, and replaces white-space characters with tabs where possible.
 This can be useful in processing the output of
@@ -55,8 +56,9 @@ This can be useful in processing the output of
 and
 .Xr tbl  1 .
 .Pp
-.Nm Col
+The
-reads from the standard input and writes to the standard output.
+.Nm
+utility reads from the standard input and writes to the standard output.
 .Pp
 The options are as follows:
 .Bl -tag -width indent
@@ -117,8 +119,9 @@ reverse line feed (11)
 All unrecognized control characters and escape sequences are
 discarded.
 .Pp
-.Nm Col
+The
-keeps track of the character set as characters are read and makes
+.Nm
+utility keeps track of the character set as characters are read and makes
 sure the character set is correct when they are output.
 .Pp
 If the input attempts to back up to the last flushed line,

usr.bin/colcrt/colcrt.1

@@ -44,8 +44,9 @@
 .Op Fl \&2
 .Op Ar
 .Sh DESCRIPTION
-.Nm Colcrt
+The
-provides virtual half-line and reverse line feed sequences
+.Nm
+utility provides virtual half-line and reverse line feed sequences
 for terminals without such capability, and on which overstriking
 is destructive.
 Half-line characters and underlining (changed to dashing `\-')

usr.bin/colrm/colrm.1

@@ -42,8 +42,9 @@
 .Nm
 .Op Ar start Op Ar stop
 .Sh DESCRIPTION
-.Nm Colrm
+The
-removes selected columns from the lines of a file.
+.Nm
+utility removes selected columns from the lines of a file.
 A column is defined as a single character in a line.
 Input is read from the standard input.
 Output is written to the standard output.

usr.bin/comm/comm.1

@@ -80,8 +80,9 @@ For example, if column number two is being suppressed, lines printed
 in column number one will not have any tabs preceding them, and lines
 printed in column number three will have one.
 .Pp
-.Nm Comm
+The
-assumes that the files are lexically sorted; all characters
+.Nm
+utility assumes that the files are lexically sorted; all characters
 participate in line comparisons.
 .Sh DIAGNOSTICS
 .Ex -std

usr.bin/compress/compress.1

@@ -52,8 +52,9 @@
 .Op Fl cfv
 .Op Ar
 .Sh DESCRIPTION
-.Nm Compress
+The
-reduces the size of the named files using adaptive Lempel-Ziv coding.
+.Nm
+utility reduces the size of the named files using adaptive Lempel-Ziv coding.
 Each
 .Ar file
 is renamed to the same name plus the extension
@@ -65,8 +66,9 @@ If compression would not reduce the size of a
 .Ar file ,
 the file is ignored.
 .Pp
-.Nm Uncompress
+The
-restores the compressed files to their original form, renaming the
+.Nm uncompress
+utility restores the compressed files to their original form, renaming the
 files by deleting the
 .Dq .Z
 extension.
@@ -101,8 +103,9 @@ Additionally, files are overwritten without prompting for confirmation.
 Print the percentage reduction of each file.
 .El
 .Pp
-.Nm Compress
+The
-uses a modified Lempel-Ziv algorithm.
+.Nm
+utility uses a modified Lempel-Ziv algorithm.
 Common substrings in the file are first replaced by 9-bit codes 257 and up.
 When code 512 is reached, the algorithm switches to 10-bit codes and
 continues to use more bits until the

usr.bin/ctags/ctags.1

@@ -209,16 +209,18 @@ for Fortran and Pascal is done in a very simpleminded way.
 No attempt
 is made to deal with block structure; if you have two Pascal procedures
 in different blocks with the same name you lose.
+The
 .Nm
-does not
+utility does not
 understand about Pascal types.
 .Pp
 The method of deciding whether to look for C, Pascal or
 Fortran
 functions is a hack.
 .Pp
+The
 .Nm
-relies on the input being well formed, and any syntactical
+utility relies on the input being well formed, and any syntactical
 errors will completely confuse it.
 It also finds some legal syntax
 confusing; for example, since it does not understand

usr.bin/doscmd/doscmd.1

@@ -51,8 +51,9 @@
 .Fl U Ar int
 .Op Ar cmd Op Ar args ...
 .Sh DESCRIPTION
-.Nm Doscmd
+The
-can either emulate a subset of DOS and run the
+.Nm
+utility can either emulate a subset of DOS and run the
 single command
 .Ar cmd
 .Ar args ,
@@ -542,8 +543,9 @@ or
 to let the X server find it.
 .El
 .Sh FILE TRANSLATION
-.Nm Doscmd
+The
-translates
+.Nm
+utility translates
 .Bsx
 file names into
 .Tn DOS

usr.bin/du/du.1

@@ -102,8 +102,9 @@ Display block counts in 1024-byte (1-Kbyte) blocks.
 Filesystem mount points are not traversed.
 .El
 .Pp
-.Nm Du
+The
-counts the storage used by symbolic links and not the files they
+.Nm
+utility counts the storage used by symbolic links and not the files they
 reference unless the
 .Fl H
 or

usr.bin/ee/ee.1

@@ -17,13 +17,14 @@
 .Op +#
 .Op Ar
 .Sh DESCRIPTION
-The command
+The
 .Nm
+utility
 is a simple screen oriented text editor.  It is always in text insertion
 mode unless there is a prompt at the bottom of the terminal, or a
-menu present (in a box in the middle of the terminal).  The command
+menu present (in a box in the middle of the terminal).  The
 .Nm ree
-is the same as
+utility is the same as
 .Nm ,
 but restricted to editing the named
 file (no file operations, or shell escapes are allowed).
@@ -383,8 +384,9 @@ run on the file, and the file read back in once
 has completed making changes to the file.
 .Ss "Printing the contents of the editor"
 The user may select a menu item which prints the contents of the editor.
+The
 .Nm
-pipes the text in the editor to the command specified by the
+utility pipes the text in the editor to the command specified by the
 initialization command
 .Em printcommand
 (see the section
@@ -544,8 +546,9 @@ supported materials.
 Always make a copy of files that cannot be easily reproduced before
 editing.  Save files early, and save often.
 .Ss "International Code Set Support"
-.Nm Ee
+The
-supports single-byte character code sets (eight-bit clean), or the
+.Nm
+utility supports single-byte character code sets (eight-bit clean), or the
 Chinese Big-5 code set.  (Other multi-byte code sets may function, but the
 reason Big-5 works is that a two-byte character also takes up two columns on
 the screen.)

usr.bin/enigma/enigma.1

@@ -23,8 +23,9 @@
 .Op Fl k
 .Op Ar password
 .Sh DESCRIPTION
-.Nm Enigma ,
+The
-also known as
+.Nm
+utility, also known as
 .Nm crypt
 is a
 .Em very

usr.bin/expand/expand.1

@@ -53,13 +53,15 @@
 .Op Fl a
 .Op Ar
 .Sh DESCRIPTION
-.Nm Expand
+The
-processes the named files or the standard input writing
+.Nm
+utility processes the named files or the standard input writing
 the standard output with tabs changed into blanks.
 Backspace characters are preserved into the output and decrement
 the column count for tab calculations.
-.Nm Expand
+The
-is useful for pre-processing character files
+.Nm
+utility is useful for pre-processing character files
 (before sorting, looking at specific columns, etc.) that
 contain tabs.
 .Pp
@@ -71,8 +73,9 @@ spaces apart instead of the default 8.
 If multiple tabstops are given then the tabs are set at those
 specific columns.
 .Pp
-.Nm Unexpand
+The
-puts tabs back into the data from the standard input or the named
+.Nm unexpand
+utility puts tabs back into the data from the standard input or the named
 files and writes the result on the standard output.
 .Pp
 Option (with

usr.bin/fetch/fetch.1

@@ -48,8 +48,9 @@
 .Op Fl f Ar file
 .Op Ar URL ...
 .Sh DESCRIPTION
-.Nm Fetch
+The
-provides a command-line interface to the
+.Nm
+utility provides a command-line interface to the
 .Xr fetch 3
 library.
 Its purpose is to retrieve the file(s) pointed to by the URL(s) on the

usr.bin/file/file.1

@@ -18,10 +18,7 @@
 .Sh DESCRIPTION
 This manual page documents version 3.37 of the
 .Nm
-command.
+utility which tests each argument in an attempt to classify it.
-.Pp
-.Nm File
-tests each argument in an attempt to classify it.
 There are three sets of tests, performed in this order:
 filesystem tests, magic number tests, and language tests.
 The
@@ -429,8 +426,9 @@ strings for use in heterogenous network environments) for faster startup.
 Then the program would run as fast as the Version 7 program of the same name,
 with the flexibility of the System V version.
 .Pp
-.Nm File
+The
-uses several algorithms that favor speed over accuracy,
+.Nm
+utility uses several algorithms that favor speed over accuracy,
 thus it can be misled about the contents of
 text
 files.

usr.bin/finger/finger.1

@@ -46,13 +46,12 @@
 .Sh DESCRIPTION
 The
 .Nm
-displays information about the system users.
+utility displays information about the system users.
 .Pp
 Options are:
 .Bl -tag -width flag
 .It Fl s
-.Nm Finger
+Display the user's login name, real name, terminal name and write
-displays the user's login name, real name, terminal name and write
 status (as a ``*'' before the terminal name if write permission is
 denied), idle time, login time, and either office location and office
 phone number, or the remote host.
@@ -89,7 +88,7 @@ option, the office location and office phone information is displayed
 instead of the name of the remote host.
 .Pp
 .It Fl l
-Produces a multi-line format displaying all of the information
+Produce a multi-line format displaying all of the information
 described for the
 .Fl s
 option as well as the user's home directory, home phone number, login
@@ -124,7 +123,7 @@ mailbox since new mail arriving, or ``New mail received ...'', ``Unread
 since ...'' if they have new mail.
 .Pp
 .It Fl p
-Prevents
+Prevent
 the
 .Fl l
 option of
@@ -168,8 +167,9 @@ If no arguments are specified,
 .Nm
 will print an entry for each user currently logged into the system.
 .Pp
-.Nm Finger
+The
-may be used to look up users on a remote machine.
+.Nm
+utility may be used to look up users on a remote machine.
 The format is to specify a
 .Ar user
 as
@@ -201,8 +201,9 @@ is invoked by
 .Xr fingerd 8 ,
 aliases will work for both local and network queries.
 .Sh ENVIRONMENT
-.Nm Finger
+The
-utilizes the following environment variable, if it exists:
+.Nm
+utility utilizes the following environment variable, if it exists:
 .Bl -tag -width Fl
 .It Ev FINGER
 This variable may be set with favored options to

usr.bin/fmt/fmt.1

@@ -49,8 +49,9 @@
 .Op Ar goal Oo Ar maximum Oc | Fl Ns Ar width | Fl w Ar width
 .Op Ar
 .Sh DESCRIPTION
+The
 .Nm
-is a simple text formatter which reads the concatenation of input
+utility is a simple text formatter which reads the concatenation of input
 files (or standard input if none are given) and produces on standard
 output a version of its input with lines as close to the
 .Ar goal
@@ -137,7 +138,9 @@ spaces per tab stop.
 The default is 8.
 .El
 .Pp
+The
 .Nm
+utility
 is meant to format mail messages prior to sending, but may also be useful
 for other simple tasks.
 For instance,
@@ -177,6 +180,7 @@ When the first line of an indented paragraph is very long (more than
 about twice the goal length), the indentation in the output can be
 wrong.
 .Pp
+The
 .Nm
-is not infallible in guessing what lines are mail headers and what
+utility is not infallible in guessing what lines are mail headers and what
 lines are not.

usr.bin/fold/fold.1

@@ -44,8 +44,9 @@
 .Op Fl w Ar width
 .Op Ar
 .Sh DESCRIPTION
-.Nm Fold
+The
-is a filter which folds the contents of the specified files,
+.Nm
+utility is a filter which folds the contents of the specified files,
 or the standard input if no files are specified,
 breaking the lines to have a maximum of 80 characters.
 .Pp

usr.bin/gcore/gcore.1

@@ -42,11 +42,12 @@
 .Nm
 .Op Fl s
 .Op Fl c Ar core
-.Op Ar exec
+.Op Ar executable
 .Ar pid
 .Sh DESCRIPTION
-.Nm Gcore
+The
-creates a core image of the specified process,
+.Nm
+utility creates a core image of the specified process,
 suitable for use with
 .Xr gdb  1 .
 By default, the core is written to the file
@@ -60,7 +61,7 @@ specified,
 will use
 .Dq Pa /proc/<pid>/file .
 .Pp
-The options are:
+The following options are available:
 .Bl -tag -width indent
 .It Fl c
 Write the core file to the specified file instead of
@@ -76,13 +77,14 @@ The same effect can be achieved manually with
 .Sh FILES
 .Bl -tag -width /var/log/messages -compact
 .It Pa core.<pid>
-The core image.
+the core image
 .It Pa /proc/<pid>/file
-The executable image.
+the executable image
 .El
 .Sh HISTORY
-.Nm Gcore
+A
-appeared in
+.Nm
+utility appeared in
 .Bx 4.2 .
 .Sh BUGS
 Context switches or paging activity that occur while
@@ -92,7 +94,8 @@ For best results, use
 .Fl s
 to temporarily stop the target process.
 .Pp
-.Nm Gcore
+The
-is not compatible with the original
+.Nm
+utility is not compatible with the original
 .Bx 4.2
 version.

usr.bin/getopt/getopt.1

@@ -10,8 +10,9 @@
 .Nm args=\`getopt Ar optstring $*\`
 ; errcode=$?; set \-\- $args
 .Sh DESCRIPTION
-.Nm Getopt
+The
-is used to break up options in command lines for easy parsing by
+.Nm
+utility is used to break up options in command lines for easy parsing by
 shell procedures, and to check for legal options.
 .Ar Optstring
 is a string of recognized option letters (see
@@ -22,8 +23,9 @@ separated from it by white space.
 The special option
 .Ql \-\-
 is used to delimit the end of the options.
-.Nm Getopt
+The
-will place
+.Nm
+utility will place
 .Ql \-\-
 in the arguments at the end of the options,
 or recognize it if used explicitly.
@@ -87,8 +89,9 @@ cmd \-a \-oarg \-\- file file
 .Xr sh 1 ,
 .Xr getopt 3
 .Sh DIAGNOSTICS
-.Nm Getopt
+The
-prints an error message on the standard error output and exits with
+.Nm
+utility prints an error message on the standard error output and exits with
 status > 0 when it encounters an option letter not included in
 .Ar optstring .
 .Sh HISTORY

usr.bin/hexdump/hexdump.1

@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ the standard input, if no files are specified, in a user specified
 format.
 .Pp
 The options are as follows:
-.Bl -tag -width Fl
+.Bl -tag -width indent
 .It Fl b
 .Em One-byte octal display .
 Display the input offset in hexadecimal, followed by sixteen
@@ -137,9 +137,7 @@ or
 .Li 1048576 ,
 respectively.
 .It Fl v
-The
+Cause
-.Fl v
-option causes
 .Nm
 to display all input data.
 Without the
@@ -218,8 +216,9 @@ described in the C standard are supported:
 .Ed
 .El
 .Pp
-.Nm Hexdump
+The
-also supports the following additional conversion strings:
+.Nm
+utility also supports the following additional conversion strings:
 .Bl -tag -width Fl
 .It Cm \&_a Ns Op Cm dox
 Display the input offset, cumulative across input files, of the
@@ -247,7 +246,9 @@ Output characters in the default character set.
 Nonprinting characters are displayed as a single
 .Dq Cm \&. .
 .It Cm _u
-Output US ASCII characters, with the exception that control characters are
+Output US
+.Tn ASCII
+characters, with the exception that control characters are
 displayed using the following, lower-case, names.
 Characters greater than 0xff, hexadecimal, are displayed as hexadecimal
 strings.

usr.bin/hexdump/od.1

@@ -51,12 +51,14 @@
 .Sm on
 .Ar file
 .Sh DESCRIPTION
-.Nm Od
+The
-has been deprecated in favor of
+.Nm
+utility has been deprecated in favor of
 .Xr hexdump 1 .
 .Pp
-.Nm Hexdump ,
+The
-if called as
+.Nm hexdump
+utility, if called as
 .Nm ,
 provides compatibility for the options listed above.
 .Pp