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Stallion Multiport Serial Driver Readme
---------------------------------------
Version: 0.0.1 alpha
Date: 21DEC95
Author: Greg Ungerer (gerg@stallion.oz.au)
1. INTRODUCTION
This is a FreeBSD driver for some of the Stallion Technologies range of
multiport serial boards. This is the very first release of this driver, so
it should be considered to be of very alpha quality.
This driver has not been developed by Stallion Technologies. I developed it
in my spare time in the hope that it would be useful. As such there is no
warranty or support of any form.
What this means is that this driver is not officially supported by Stallion
Technologies, so don't ring their support if you can't get it working. They
will probably not be able to help you. Instead email me if you have problems
or bug reports and I will do what I can... (Sorry to sound so heavy handed,
but I need to stress that this driver is not officially supported in any way.)
This driver supports the EasyIO and EasyConnection 8/32 range of boards.
All of these boards are not classical intelligent multiport boards, but are
host based multiport boards that use high performance Cirrus Logic CL-CD1400
RISC UART's (they have built in FIFO's, automatic flow control, and some
other good stuff).
The EasyIO range of cards comes in 3 forms, the EasyIO-4, EasyIO-8 and the
EasyIO-8M. All of these are non-expandable, low cost, ISA, multiport boards
with 4, 8 and 8 RS-232C ports respectively. The EasyIO-8M is not currently
supported by this driver. Though it is pretty easy to support so I'll do
that when I get a chance. Each EasyIO board requires 8 bytes of IO address
space and 1 interrupt. On an EISA system it is possible to share 1 interrupt
between multiple boards. The EasyIO-4 has 10 pin RJ connectors, and the
EasyIO-8 comes with a dongle cable that can be either 10 pin RJ connectors or
DB-25 connectors. The EasyIO-8M has 6 pin RJ connectors.
The EasyConnection 8/32 family of boards is a relatively low cost modular
range of multiport serial boards. The EasyConnection 8/32 boards can be
configured to have from 8 to 32 serial ports by plugging in external serial
port modules that contain from 8 to 16 ports each. There is a wide range of
external modules available that offer: DB-25 connectors, RJ-45 connectors
(both with RS-232 D and E compatible drivers), and also RS-422 ports. The
EasyConnection 8/32 boards come in ISA and MCA bus versions. The board takes
the form of a host adapter card, with an external connector cable that plugs
into the external modules. The external modules just clip together to add
ports (BTW they are not hot pluggable). Each EasyConnection 8/32 board
requires 2 separate IO address ranges, one 2 bytes in size and a secondary
region of 32 bytes. Each board also requires 1 interrupt, on EISA systems
multiple boards can share 1 interrupt. The secondary IO range (the 32 byte
range) can be shared between multiple boards on any bus type.
So thats the hardware supported (sounds like a marketing spiel doesn't it!).
I am working on drivers for other boards in the Stallion range, so look
out for those some time soon...
2. INSTALLATION
This driver was developed on a FreeBSD 2.0.5 system. I have not tryed it
on a 2.1 system yet, so I don't know if it will go in painlessly or not...
You will need to build a new kernel to use this driver. So the first thing
you need is to have the full kernel source. Most people will have this
(I hope!). The following assumes that the kernel source is in /usr/src/sys.
The driver can support up to 8 boards (any combination of EasyIO and
EasyConnection 8/32 boards). So there is a theoretical maximum of 256 ports.
(Off-course I have not tested a system with this many!)
Instructions to install:
1. Copy the driver source files into the kernel source tree.
cp stallion.c /usr/src/sys/i386/isa
cp scd1400.h /usr/src/sys/i386/ic
2. Add a character device switch table entry for the driver into the cdevsw
table structure. This involves adding some code into the kernel conf.c
file:
cd /usr/src/sys/i386/i386
vi conf.c
- add the following lines (in 2.0.5 I put them at line 1019):
/* Stallion Multiport Serial Driver */
#include "stl.h"
#if NSTL > 0
d_open_t stlopen;
d_close_t stlclose;
d_read_t stlread;
d_write_t stlwrite;
d_ioctl_t stlioctl;
d_stop_t stlstop;
d_ttycv_t stldevtotty;
#define stlreset nxreset
#define stlmmap nxmmap
#define stlstrategy nxstrategy
#else
#define stlopen nxopen
#define stlclose nxclose
#define stlread nxread
#define stlwrite nxwrite
#define stlioctl nxioctl
#define stlstop nxstop
#define stlreset nxreset
#define stlmmap nxmmap
#define stlstrategy nxstrategy
#define stldevtotty nxdevtotty
#endif
- and then inside the actual cdevsw structure definition, at the
last entry add (this is now line 1259 in the 2.0.5 conf.c):
{ stlopen, stlclose, stlread, stlwrite, /*67*/
stlioctl, stlstop, stlreset, stldevtotty,/*stallion*/
ttselect, stlmmap, stlstrategy },
- the line above used major number 67, but this may be different
on your system. Take note of what major number you are using.
- save the file and exit vi.
3. Add the driver source files to the kernel files list:
cd /usr/src/sys/i386/conf
vi files.i386
- add the following definition line into the list (it is stored
alphabetically, so insert it appropriately):
i386/isa/stallion.c optional stl device-driver
- save the file and exit vi.
4. Add board probe entries into the kernel configuration file:
cd /usr/src/sys/i386/conf
cp GENERIC MYKERNEL
- if you already have a kernel config that you use then you
could just use that (instead of MYKERNEL)
vi MYKERNEL
- enter a line for each board that you want to use, eg:
device stl0 at isa? port 0x2a0 tty irq 10 vector stlintr
- change the io address and irq in this line as required
- save the file and exit
5. Build a new kernel using this configuration.
cd /usr/src/sys/i386/conf
config MYKERNEL
cd ../../compile/MYKERNEL
make depend
make all
make install
And there you have it! It is a little bit of effort to get it in there...
So once you have a new kernel built, reboot to start it up. On startup the
Stallion board probes will report on whether the boards were found or not.
For each board found the driver will print out the type of board found,
and how many panels and ports it has.
If a board is not found by the driver but is actually in the system then the
most likely problem is that the IO address is wrong. The easiest thing to do
is change the DIP switches on the board to the desired address and reboot.
On EasyIO and EasyConnection 8/32 boards the IRQ is software programmable,
so if there is a conflict you may need to change the IRQ used for a board in
the MYKERNEL configuration file and rebuild the kernel.
Note that the secondary IO address of the EasyConnection 8/32 boards is hard
wired into the stallion.c driver code. It is currently set to IO address
0x280. If you need to use a different address then you will need to edit this
file and change the variable named stl_ioshared.
3. USING THE DRIVER
Once the driver is installed you will need to setup some device nodes to
access the serial ports. Use the supplied "mkdevnods" script to automatically
create all required device entries for your boards. To make device nodes for
more than 1 board then just supply the number of boards you are using as a
command line parameter to mkdevnods and it will create nodes for that number
of boards. By default it will create device nodes for 1 board only.
Note that if the driver is not installed at character major number 67 then
you will need to edit the mkdevnods script and modify the STL_SERIALMAJOR
variable to the major number you are using.
Device nodes created for the normal serial port devices are named /dev/ttyEX
where X is the port number. (The second boards ports will start from ttyE32,
the third boards from ttyE64, etc). It will also create a set of modem call
out devices named cueX where again X is the port number.
For the most part the Stallion driver tries to emulate the standard PC system
com ports and the standard sio serial driver. The idea is that you should
be able to use Stallion board ports and com ports inter-changeably without
modifying anything but the device name. Anything that doesn't work like that
should be considered a bug in this driver!
Since this driver tries to emulate the standard serial ports as much as
possible then most system utilities should work as they do for the standard
com ports. Most importantly "stty" works as expected and "comcontrol" can be
used just like for the serial ports.
This driver should work with anything that works on standard com serial ports.
Having said that, I have used it on at least the following types of "things"
under FreeBSD:
a) standard dumb terminals (using getty)
b) modems (using cu, etc)
4. NOTES
Be aware that this is the first release of this driver, so there is sure to
be some bugs in it. Please email me any feedback on bugs, problems, or even
good experiences with this driver!
There is no real smart line discipline bypass code yet (like in the sio
driver). I will add this for the next driver release.
I will probably also add LKM support for the next driver release.
5. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
This driver is loosely based on the code of the FreeBSD sio serial driver.
A big thanks to Stallion Technologies for the use of their equipment.

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/*****************************************************************************/
/*
* cd1400.h -- cd1400 UART hardware info.
*
* Copyright (c) 1995 Greg Ungerer (gerg@stallion.oz.au).
* All rights reserved.
*
* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
* modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
* are met:
* 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
* 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
* documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
* 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
* must display the following acknowledgement:
* This product includes software developed by Greg Ungerer.
* 4. Neither the name of the author nor the names of any co-contributors
* may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
* without specific prior written permission.
*
* THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
* ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
* IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
* ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
* FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
* DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
* OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
* HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
* LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
* OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
* SUCH DAMAGE.
*/
/*****************************************************************************/
#ifndef _CD1400_H
#define _CD1400_H
/*****************************************************************************/
/*
* Define the number of async ports per cd1400 uart chip.
*/
#define CD1400_PORTS 4
#define CD1400_CLKHZ 25000000
/*
* Define the cd1400 uarts internal FIFO sizes.
*/
#define CD1400_TXFIFOSIZE 12
#define CD1400_RXFIFOSIZE 12
/*
* Local RX FIFO thresh hold level. Also define the RTS thresh hold
* based on the RX thresh hold.
*/
#define FIFO_RXTHRESHOLD 6
#define FIFO_RTSTHRESHOLD 7
/*****************************************************************************/
/*
* Define the cd1400 register addresses. These are all the valid
* registers with the cd1400. Some are global, some virtual, some
* per port.
*/
#define GFRCR 0x40
#define CAR 0x68
#define GCR 0x4b
#define SVRR 0x67
#define RICR 0x44
#define TICR 0x45
#define MICR 0x46
#define RIR 0x6b
#define TIR 0x6a
#define MIR 0x69
#define PPR 0x7e
#define RIVR 0x43
#define TIVR 0x42
#define MIVR 0x41
#define TDR 0x63
#define RDSR 0x62
#define MISR 0x4c
#define EOSRR 0x60
#define LIVR 0x18
#define CCR 0x05
#define SRER 0x06
#define COR1 0x08
#define COR2 0x09
#define COR3 0x0a
#define COR4 0x1e
#define COR5 0x1f
#define CCSR 0x0b
#define RDCR 0x0e
#define SCHR1 0x1a
#define SCHR2 0x1b
#define SCHR3 0x1c
#define SCHR4 0x1d
#define SCRL 0x22
#define SCRH 0x23
#define LNC 0x24
#define MCOR1 0x15
#define MCOR2 0x16
#define RTPR 0x21
#define MSVR1 0x6c
#define MSVR2 0x6d
#define PSVR 0x6f
#define RBPR 0x78
#define RCOR 0x7c
#define TBPR 0x72
#define TCOR 0x76
/*****************************************************************************/
/*
* Define the set of baud rate clock divisors.
*/
#define CD1400_CLK0 8
#define CD1400_CLK1 32
#define CD1400_CLK2 128
#define CD1400_CLK3 512
#define CD1400_CLK4 2048
#define CD1400_NUMCLKS 5
/*****************************************************************************/
/*
* Define the clock pre-scalar value to be a 5 ms clock. This should be
* OK for now. It would probably be better to make it 10 ms, but we
* can't fit that divisor into 8 bits!
*/
#define PPR_SCALAR 244
/*****************************************************************************/
/*
* Define values used to set character size options.
*/
#define COR1_CHL5 0x00
#define COR1_CHL6 0x01
#define COR1_CHL7 0x02
#define COR1_CHL8 0x03
/*
* Define values used to set the number of stop bits.
*/
#define COR1_STOP1 0x00
#define COR1_STOP15 0x04
#define COR1_STOP2 0x08
/*
* Define values used to set the parity scheme in use.
*/
#define COR1_PARNONE 0x00
#define COR1_PARFORCE 0x20
#define COR1_PARENB 0x40
#define COR1_PARIGNORE 0x10
#define COR1_PARODD 0x80
#define COR1_PAREVEN 0x00
#define COR2_IXM 0x80
#define COR2_TXIBE 0x40
#define COR2_ETC 0x20
#define COR2_LLM 0x10
#define COR2_RLM 0x08
#define COR2_RTSAO 0x04
#define COR2_CTSAE 0x02
#define COR3_SCDRNG 0x80
#define COR3_SCD34 0x40
#define COR3_FCT 0x20
#define COR3_SCD12 0x10
/*
* Define values used by COR4.
*/
#define COR4_BRKINT 0x08
#define COR4_IGNBRK 0x18
/*****************************************************************************/
/*
* Define the modem control register values.
* Note that the actual hardware is a little different to the conventional
* pin names on the cd1400.
*/
#define MSVR1_DTR 0x01
#define MSVR1_DSR 0x10
#define MSVR1_RI 0x20
#define MSVR1_CTS 0x40
#define MSVR1_DCD 0x80
#define MSVR2_RTS 0x02
#define MSVR2_DSR 0x10
#define MSVR2_RI 0x20
#define MSVR2_CTS 0x40
#define MSVR2_DCD 0x80
#define MCOR1_DCD 0x80
#define MCOR1_CTS 0x40
#define MCOR1_RI 0x20
#define MCOR1_DSR 0x10
#define MCOR2_DCD 0x80
#define MCOR2_CTS 0x40
#define MCOR2_RI 0x20
#define MCOR2_DSR 0x10
/*****************************************************************************/
/*
* Define the bits used with the service (interrupt) enable register.
*/
#define SRER_NNDT 0x01
#define SRER_TXEMPTY 0x02
#define SRER_TXDATA 0x04
#define SRER_RXDATA 0x10
#define SRER_MODEM 0x80
/*****************************************************************************/
/*
* Define operational commands for the command register.
*/
#define CCR_RESET 0x80
#define CCR_CORCHANGE 0x4e
#define CCR_SENDCH 0x20
#define CCR_CHANCTRL 0x10
#define CCR_TXENABLE (CCR_CHANCTRL | 0x08)
#define CCR_TXDISABLE (CCR_CHANCTRL | 0x04)
#define CCR_RXENABLE (CCR_CHANCTRL | 0x02)
#define CCR_RXDISABLE (CCR_CHANCTRL | 0x01)
#define CCR_SENDSCHR1 (CCR_SENDCH | 0x01)
#define CCR_SENDSCHR2 (CCR_SENDCH | 0x02)
#define CCR_SENDSCHR3 (CCR_SENDCH | 0x03)
#define CCR_SENDSCHR4 (CCR_SENDCH | 0x04)
#define CCR_RESETCHAN (CCR_RESET | 0x00)
#define CCR_RESETFULL (CCR_RESET | 0x01)
#define CCR_TXFLUSHFIFO (CCR_RESET | 0x02)
#define CCR_MAXWAIT 10000
/*****************************************************************************/
/*
* Define the valid acknowledgement types (for hw ack cycle).
*/
#define ACK_TYPMASK 0x07
#define ACK_TYPTX 0x02
#define ACK_TYPMDM 0x01
#define ACK_TYPRXGOOD 0x03
#define ACK_TYPRXBAD 0x07
#define SVRR_RX 0x01
#define SVRR_TX 0x02
#define SVRR_MDM 0x04
#define ST_OVERRUN 0x01
#define ST_FRAMING 0x02
#define ST_PARITY 0x04
#define ST_BREAK 0x08
#define ST_SCHAR1 0x10
#define ST_SCHAR2 0x20
#define ST_SCHAR3 0x30
#define ST_SCHAR4 0x40
#define ST_RANGE 0x70
#define ST_TIMEOUT 0x80
#define MISR_DCD 0x80
#define MISR_CTS 0x40
#define MISR_RI 0x20
#define MISR_DSR 0x10
/*****************************************************************************/
/*
* Defines for the CCSR status register.
*/
#define CCSR_RXENABLED 0x80
#define CCSR_RXFLOWON 0x40
#define CCSR_RXFLOWOFF 0x20
#define CCSR_TXENABLED 0x08
#define CCSR_TXFLOWON 0x04
#define CCSR_TXFLOWOFF 0x02
/*****************************************************************************/
/*
* Define the embedded commands.
*/
#define ETC_CMD 0x00
#define ETC_STARTBREAK 0x81
#define ETC_DELAY 0x82
#define ETC_STOPBREAK 0x83
/*****************************************************************************/
#endif

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