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This commit is contained in:
Ruslan Ermilov 2005-11-18 10:56:28 +00:00
parent 4e9e907d63
commit 78ad54210f
Notes: svn2git 2020-12-20 02:59:44 +00:00 
svn path=/head/; revision=152569
54 changed files with 330 additions and 218 deletions
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4
contrib/smbfs/mount_smbfs/mount_smbfs.8
View File

@ -157,8 +157,8 @@ It is possible to use
for smbfs mounts:
.Pp
.Dl "//guest@samba/public /smb/public smbfs rw,noauto 0 0"
.Sh BUGS
Please report bugs to the author.
.Sh AUTHORS
.An Boris Popov Aq bp@butya.kz ,
.Aq bp@FreeBSD.org
.Sh BUGS
Please report bugs to the author.

5
share/man/man4/ath.4
View File

@ -58,8 +58,8 @@ if_ath_load="YES"
The
.Nm
driver provides support for wireless network adapters based on
the Atheros AR5210, AR5211, and AR5212 programming api's.
These api's are used by a wide variety of chips; all chips with
the Atheros AR5210, AR5211, and AR5212 programming APIs.
These APIs are used by a wide variety of chips; all chips with
a PCI and/or CardBus interface are supported.
Chip-specific support is provided by the Atheros Hardware Access Layer
(HAL), that is packaged separately.
@ -213,7 +213,6 @@ Create a host-based wireless bridge to fxp0:
.Bd -literal -offset indent
ifconfig ath0 inet up ssid my_ap media DS/11Mbps mediaopt hostap
sysctl net.inet.ip.check_interface=0
kldload if_bridge.ko
ifconfig bridge0 create
ifconfig bridge0 addm ath0 addm fxp0
.Ed

16
share/man/man4/bpf.4
View File

@ -22,7 +22,7 @@
.\"
.\" $FreeBSD$
.\"
.Dd January 16, 1996
.Dd August 23, 2005
.Dt BPF 4
.Os
.Sh NAME
@ -258,8 +258,13 @@ for an explanation of the filter language.
.It Dv BIOCSETWF
.Pq Li "struct bpf_program"
Sets the write filter program used by the kernel to control what type of
packets can be written to the interface. See the BIOCSETF command for more
information on the bpf filter program.
packets can be written to the interface.
See the
.Dv BIOCSETF
command for more
information on the
.Nm
filter program.
.It Dv BIOCVERSION
.Pq Li "struct bpf_version"
Returns the major and minor version numbers of the filter language currently
@ -307,7 +312,10 @@ Set to one to see packets originating locally and remotely on the interface.
This flag is initialized to one by
default.
.It Dv BIOCLOCK
Set the locked flag on the bpf descriptor. This prevents the execution of
Set the locked flag on the
.Nm
descriptor.
This prevents the execution of
ioctl commands which could change the underlying operating parameters of
the device.
.El

2
share/man/man4/cardbus.4
View File

@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ The
driver supports all cardbus bridges in the system.
.Sh TUNABLES
The driver supports the following tunable parameters, which may be
added to
added to
.Pa /boot/loader.conf
or set via the
.Xr sysctl 8

4
share/man/man4/dcons.4
View File

@ -31,7 +31,7 @@
.Nm dcons
.Nd dumb console device driver
.Sh SYNOPSIS
To compile support for the driver into your kernel,
To compile this driver into the kernel,
place the following lines in your kernel configuration file:
.Bd -ragged -offset indent
.Cd "options GDB"
@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ place the following lines in your kernel configuration file:
.Cd "device dcons"
.Ed
.Pp
Alternatively, to load the driver at boot time,
Alternatively, to load the driver as a module at boot time,
place the following line in your kernel configuration file:
.Bd -ragged -offset indent
.Cd "options GDB"

2
share/man/man4/de.4
View File

@ -33,7 +33,7 @@
.Nd "DEC DC21x4x Ethernet device driver"
.Sh SYNOPSIS
To compile this driver into the kernel,
place the following lines in your
place the following line in your
kernel configuration file:
.Bd -ragged -offset indent
.Cd "device de"

4
share/man/man4/ed.4
View File

@ -399,6 +399,6 @@ As a result, it may throw out some good packets which
have been received but not yet transferred from the card to main memory.
.Pp
The
.Nm
PC Card attachment supports the D-Link DMF650TX Lan/Modem card's ethernet
.Nm
PC Card attachment supports the D-Link DMF650TX LAN/Modem card's Ethernet
port only at this time.

4
share/man/man4/em.4
View File

@ -39,7 +39,7 @@
.Nd "Intel(R) PRO/1000 Gigabit Ethernet adapter driver"
.Sh SYNOPSIS
To compile this driver into the kernel,
place the following lines in your
place the following line in your
kernel configuration file:
.Bd -ragged -offset indent
.Cd "device em"
@ -175,7 +175,7 @@ Intel PRO/1000 XT Server Adapter (82544)
Tunables can be set at the
.Xr loader 8
prompt before booting the kernel or stored in
.Pa /boot/loader.conf .
.Xr loader.conf 5 .
.Bl -tag -width indent
.It Va hw.em.rxd
Number of receive descriptors allocated by the driver.

2
share/man/man4/fwip.4
View File

@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ kernel configuration file:
.Ed
.Pp
Alternatively, to load the driver as a
module at boot time, place the following line in
module at boot time, place the following lines in
.Xr loader.conf 5 :
.Bd -literal -offset indent
firewire_load="YES"

236
share/man/man4/geom.4
View File

@ -39,22 +39,31 @@
.Dt GEOM 4
.Sh NAME
.Nm GEOM
.Nd modular disk I/O request transformation framework.
.Nd "modular disk I/O request transformation framework"
.Sh DESCRIPTION
The GEOM framework provides an infrastructure in which "classes"
The
.Nm
framework provides an infrastructure in which
.Dq classes
can perform transformations on disk I/O requests on their path from
the upper kernel to the device drivers and back.
.Pp
Transformations in a GEOM context range from the simple geometric
Transformations in a
.Nm
context range from the simple geometric
displacement performed in typical disk partitioning modules over RAID
algorithms and device multipath resolution to full blown cryptographic
protection of the stored data.
.Pp
Compared to traditional "volume management", GEOM differs from most
Compared to traditional
.Dq "volume management" ,
.Nm
differs from most
and in some cases all previous implementations in the following ways:
.Bl -bullet
.It
GEOM is extensible.
.Nm
is extensible.
It is trivially simple to write a new class
of transformation and it will not be given stepchild treatment.
If
@ -62,10 +71,11 @@ someone for some reason wanted to mount IBM MVS diskpacks, a class
recognizing and configuring their VTOC information would be a trivial
matter.
.It
GEOM is topologically agnostic.
.Nm
is topologically agnostic.
Most volume management implementations
have very strict notions of how classes can fit together, very often
one fixed hierarchy is provided for instance subdisk - plex -
one fixed hierarchy is provided, for instance, subdisk - plex -
volume.
.El
.Pp
@ -74,34 +84,56 @@ than existing transformations.
.Pp
Fixed hierarchies are bad because they make it impossible to express
the intent efficiently.
In the fixed hierarchy above it is not possible to mirror two
In the fixed hierarchy above, it is not possible to mirror two
physical disks and then partition the mirror into subdisks, instead
one is forced to make subdisks on the physical volumes and to mirror
these two and two resulting in a much more complex configuration.
GEOM on the other hand does not care in which order things are done,
these two and two, resulting in a much more complex configuration.
.Nm
on the other hand does not care in which order things are done,
the only restriction is that cycles in the graph will not be allowed.
.Pp
.Sh "TERMINOLOGY and TOPOLOGY"
GEOM is quite object oriented and consequently the terminology
.Sh "TERMINOLOGY AND TOPOLOGY"
.Nm
is quite object oriented and consequently the terminology
borrows a lot of context and semantics from the OO vocabulary:
.Pp
A "class", represented by the data structure g_class implements one
A
.Dq class ,
represented by the data structure
.Vt g_class
implements one
particular kind of transformation.
Typical examples are MBR disk
partition, BSD disklabel, and RAID5 classes.
.Pp
An instance of a class is called a "geom" and represented by the
data structure "g_geom".
In a typical i386 FreeBSD system, there
An instance of a class is called a
.Dq geom
and represented by the data structure
.Vt g_geom .
In a typical i386
.Fx
system, there
will be one geom of class MBR for each disk.
.Pp
A "provider", represented by the data structure "g_provider", is
the front gate at which a geom offers service.
A provider is "a disk-like thing which appears in /dev" - a logical
A
.Dq provider ,
represented by the data structure
.Vt g_provider ,
is the front gate at which a geom offers service.
A provider is
.Do
a disk-like thing which appears in
.Pa /dev
.Dc - a logical
disk in other words.
All providers have three main properties: name, sectorsize and size.
All providers have three main properties:
.Dq name ,
.Dq sectorsize
and
.Dq size .
.Pp
A "consumer" is the backdoor through which a geom connects to another
A
.Dq consumer
is the backdoor through which a geom connects to another
geom provider and through which I/O requests are sent.
.Pp
The topological relationship between these entities are as follows:
@ -126,7 +158,7 @@ This rank number is
assigned as follows:
.Bl -enum
.It
A geom with no attached consumers has rank=1
A geom with no attached consumers has rank=1.
.It
A geom with attached consumers has a rank one higher than the
highest rank of the geoms of the providers its consumers are
@ -137,46 +169,52 @@ In addition to the straightforward attach, which attaches a consumer
to a provider, and detach, which breaks the bond, a number of special
topological maneuvers exists to facilitate configuration and to
improve the overall flexibility.
.Pp
.Em TASTING
.Bl -inset
.It Em TASTING
is a process that happens whenever a new class or new provider
is created and it provides the class a chance to automatically configure an
instance on providers, which it recognize as its own.
is created, and it provides the class a chance to automatically configure an
instance on providers, which it recognizes as its own.
A typical example is the MBR disk-partition class which will look for
the MBR table in the first sector and if found and validated it will
the MBR table in the first sector and, if found and validated, will
instantiate a geom to multiplex according to the contents of the MBR.
.Pp
A new class will be offered to all existing providers in turn and a new
provider will be offered to all classes in turn.
.Pp
Exactly what a class does to recognize if it should accept the offered
provider is not defined by GEOM, but the sensible set of options are:
provider is not defined by
.Nm ,
but the sensible set of options are:
.Bl -bullet
.It
Examine specific data structures on the disk.
.It
Examine properties like sectorsize or mediasize for the provider.
Examine properties like
.Dq sectorsize
or
.Dq mediasize
for the provider.
.It
Examine the rank number of the provider's geom.
.It
Examine the method name of the provider's geom.
.El
.Pp
.Em ORPHANIZATION
.It Em ORPHANIZATION
is the process by which a provider is removed while
it potentially is still being used.
.Pp
When a geom orphans a provider, all future I/O requests will
"bounce" on the provider with an error code set by the geom.
.Dq bounce
on the provider with an error code set by the geom.
Any
consumers attached to the provider will receive notification about
the orphanization when the eventloop gets around to it, and they
can take appropriate action at that time.
.Pp
A geom which came into being as a result of a normal taste operation
should selfdestruct unless it has a way to keep functioning lacking
should self-destruct unless it has a way to keep functioning lacking
the orphaned provider.
Geoms like diskslicers should therefore selfdestruct whereas
Geoms like diskslicers should therefore self-destruct whereas
RAID5 or mirror geoms will be able to continue, as long as they do
not loose quorum.
.Pp
@ -185,7 +223,8 @@ immediate change in the topology: any attached consumers are still
attached, any opened paths are still open, any outstanding I/O
requests are still outstanding.
.Pp
The typical scenario is
The typical scenario is:
.Pp
.Bl -bullet -offset indent -compact
.It
A device driver detects a disk has departed and orphans the provider for it.
@ -200,11 +239,13 @@ relevant pieces of the tree has heard the bad news.
Eventually the buck stops when it reaches geom_dev at the top
of the stack.
.It
Geom_dev will call destroy_dev(9) to stop any more request from
Geom_dev will call
.Xr destroy_dev 9
to stop any more request from
coming in.
It will sleep until all (if any) outstanding I/O requests have
been returned.
It will explicitly close (ie: zero the access counts), a change
It will explicitly close (i.e.: zero the access counts), a change
which will propagate all the way down through the mesh.
It will then detach and destroy its geom.
.It
@ -221,26 +262,41 @@ flexibility and robustness in handling disappearing devices.
The one absolutely crucial detail to be aware is that if the
device driver does not return all I/O requests, the tree will
not unravel.
.Pp
.Em SPOILING
.It Em SPOILING
is a special case of orphanization used to protect
against stale metadata.
It is probably easiest to understand spoiling by going through
an example.
.Pp
Imagine a disk, "da0" on top of which a MBR geom provides
"da0s1" and "da0s2" and on top of "da0s1" a BSD geom provides
"da0s1a" through "da0s1e", both the MBR and BSD geoms have
Imagine a disk,
.Pa da0
on top of which an MBR geom provides
.Pa da0s1
and
.Pa da0s2 ,
and on top of
.Pa da0s1
a BSD geom provides
.Pa da0s1a
through
.Pa da0s1e ,
both the MBR and BSD geoms have
autoconfigured based on data structures on the disk media.
Now imagine the case where "da0" is opened for writing and those
data structures are modified or overwritten: Now the geoms would
Now imagine the case where
.Pa da0
is opened for writing and those
data structures are modified or overwritten: now the geoms would
be operating on stale metadata unless some notification system
can inform them otherwise.
.Pp
To avoid this situation, when the open of "da0" for write happens,
To avoid this situation, when the open of
.Pa da0
for write happens,
all attached consumers are told about this, and geoms like
MBR and BSD will selfdestruct as a result.
When "da0" is closed again, it will be offered for tasting again
MBR and BSD will self-destruct as a result.
When
.Pa da0
is closed again, it will be offered for tasting again
and if the data structures for MBR and BSD are still there, new
geoms will instantiate themselves anew.
.Pp
@ -248,9 +304,13 @@ Now for the fine print:
.Pp
If any of the paths through the MBR or BSD module were open, they
would have opened downwards with an exclusive bit rendering it
impossible to open "da0" for writing in that case and conversely
impossible to open
.Pa da0
for writing in that case and conversely
the requested exclusive bit would render it impossible to open a
path through the MBR geom while "da0" is open for writing.
path through the MBR geom while
.Pa da0
is open for writing.
.Pp
From this it also follows that changing the size of open geoms can
only be done with their cooperation.
@ -258,8 +318,7 @@ only be done with their cooperation.
Finally: the spoiling only happens when the write count goes from
zero to non-zero and the retasting only when the write count goes
from non-zero to zero.
.Pp
.Em INSERT/DELETE
.It Em INSERT/DELETE
are a very special operation which allows a new geom
to be instantiated between a consumer and a provider attached to
each other and to remove it again.
@ -277,8 +336,7 @@ We have now in essence moved a mounted file system from one
disk to another while it was being used.
At this point the mirror geom can be deleted from the path
again, it has served its purpose.
.Pp
.Em CONFIGURE
.It Em CONFIGURE
is the process where the administrator issues instructions
for a particular class to instantiate itself.
There are multiple
@ -287,24 +345,33 @@ specified with a level of override forcing for instance a BSD
disklabel module to attach to a provider which was not found palatable
during the TASTE operation.
.Pp
Finally IO is the reason we even do this: it concerns itself with
Finally I/O is the reason we even do this: it concerns itself with
sending I/O requests through the graph.
.Pp
.Em "I/O REQUESTS
represented by struct bio, originate at a consumer,
.It Em "I/O REQUESTS"
represented by
.Vt "struct bio" ,
originate at a consumer,
are scheduled on its attached provider, and when processed, returned
to the consumer.
It is important to realize that the struct bio which
enters through the provider of a particular geom does not "come
out on the other side".
It is important to realize that the
.Vt "struct bio"
which enters through the provider of a particular geom does not
.Do
come out on the other side
.Dc .
Even simple transformations like MBR and BSD will clone the
struct bio, modify the clone, and schedule the clone on their
.Vt "struct bio" ,
modify the clone, and schedule the clone on their
own consumer.
Note that cloning the struct bio does not involve cloning the
actual data area specified in the IO request.
Note that cloning the
.Vt "struct bio"
does not involve cloning the
actual data area specified in the I/O request.
.Pp
In total four different IO requests exist in GEOM: read, write,
delete, and get attribute.
In total, four different I/O requests exist in
.Nm :
read, write, delete, and
.Dq "get attribute".
.Pp
Read and write are self explanatory.
.Pp
@ -320,24 +387,32 @@ It is important to recognize that a delete indication is not a
request and consequently there is no guarantee that the data actually
will be erased or made unavailable unless guaranteed by specific
geoms in the graph.
If "secure delete" semantics are required, a
If
.Dq "secure delete"
semantics are required, a
geom should be pushed which converts delete indications into (a
sequence of) write requests.
.Pp
Get attribute supports inspection and manipulation
.Dq "Get attribute"
supports inspection and manipulation
of out-of-band attributes on a particular provider or path.
Attributes are named by ascii strings and they will be discussed in
Attributes are named by
.Tn ASCII
strings and they will be discussed in
a separate section below.
.El
.Pp
(stay tuned while the author rests his brain and fingers: more to come.)
(Stay tuned while the author rests his brain and fingers: more to come.)
.Sh DIAGNOSTICS
Several flags are provided for tracing GEOM operations and unlocking
Several flags are provided for tracing
.Nm
operations and unlocking
protection mechanisms via the
.Va kern.geom.debugflags
sysctl.
All of these flags are off by default, and great care should be taken in
turning them on.
.Bl -tag -width FAIL
.Bl -tag -width indent
.It 0x01 Pq Dv G_T_TOPOLOGY
Provide tracing of topology change events.
.It 0x02 Pq Dv G_T_BIO
@ -358,14 +433,23 @@ This appears to be unused at this time.
Dump contents of gctl requests.
.El
.Sh HISTORY
This software was developed for the FreeBSD Project by Poul-Henning Kamp
This software was developed for the
.Fx
Project by
.An Poul-Henning Kamp
and NAI Labs, the Security Research Division of Network Associates, Inc.\&
under DARPA/SPAWAR contract N66001-01-C-8035 ("CBOSS"), as part of the
under DARPA/SPAWAR contract N66001-01-C-8035
.Pq Dq CBOSS ,
as part of the
DARPA CHATS research program.
.Pp
The first precursor for GEOM was a gruesome hack to Minix 1.2 and was
The first precursor for
.Nm
was a gruesome hack to Minix 1.2 and was
never distributed.
An earlier attempt to implement a less general scheme
in FreeBSD never succeeded.
in
.Fx
never succeeded.
.Sh AUTHORS
.An "Poul-Henning Kamp" Aq phk@FreeBSD.org

4
share/man/man4/hwpmc.4
View File

@ -35,7 +35,7 @@
.Cd "device hwpmc"
.Pp
Additionally, for i386 systems:
.Cd device apic
.Cd "device apic"
.Sh DESCRIPTION
The
.Nm
@ -503,7 +503,7 @@ between the currently executing kernel and the module being loaded.
.It "hwpmc: this kernel has not been compiled with 'options HWPMC_HOOKS'."
The module loading process failed because the currently executing kernel
was not configured with the required configuration option
.Cd HWPMC_HOOKS .
.Dv HWPMC_HOOKS .
.It "hwpmc: tunable hashsize=%d must be greater than zero."
A negative value was supplied for tunable
.Va kern.hwpmc.hashsize .

4
share/man/man4/icmp.4
View File

@ -141,8 +141,8 @@ By default continue with normal source selection.
.Pq Vt boolean
Use the IP address of the interface the packet came through in for
responses to packets which are not directly addressed to us.
If enabled this rule is processed before all others.
By default continue with normal source selection.
If enabled, this rule is processed before all others.
By default, continue with normal source selection.
Enabling this option is particularly useful on routers because it
makes external traceroutes show the actual path a packet has taken
instead of the possibly different return path.

6
share/man/man4/if_bridge.4
View File

@ -174,10 +174,10 @@ ifconfig bridge0 \e
up
.Ed
.Sh SEE ALSO
.Xr ifconfig 8 ,
.Xr ipfw 4 ,
.Xr ipf 4 ,
.Xr pf 4
.Xr ipfw 4 ,
.Xr pf 4 ,
.Xr ifconfig 8
.Sh HISTORY
The
.Nm

14
share/man/man4/ip.4
View File

@ -117,7 +117,7 @@ setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_TTL, &ttl, sizeof(ttl));
may be used to set the minimum acceptable TTL a packet must have when
received on a socket.
All packets with a lower TTL are silently dropped.
This option is only really useful when set to 255 preventing packets
This option is only really useful when set to 255, preventing packets
from outside the directly connected networks reaching local listeners
on sockets.
.Pp
@ -125,15 +125,19 @@ on sockets.
may be used to set the Don't Fragment flag on IP packets.
Currently this option is respected only on
.Xr udp 4
and Raw
and raw
.Xr ip 4
sockets, unless the IP_HDRINCL option has been set.
sockets, unless the
.Dv IP_HDRINCL
option has been set.
On
.Xr tcp 4
sockets the Don't Fragment flag is controlled by the Path
sockets, the Don't Fragment flag is controlled by the Path
MTU Discovery option.
Sending a packet larger than the MTU size of the egress interface,
determined by the destination address, returns an EMSGSIZE error.
determined by the destination address, returns an
.Er EMSGSIZE
error.
.Pp
If the
.Dv IP_RECVDSTADDR

2
share/man/man4/ipw.4
View File

@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ kernel configuration file:
.Ed
.Pp
Alternatively, to load the driver as a
module at boot time, place the following line in
module at boot time, place the following lines in
.Xr loader.conf 5 :
.Bd -literal -offset indent
if_ipw_load="YES"

2
share/man/man4/mac_seeotheruids.4
View File

@ -30,7 +30,7 @@
.\"
.\" $FreeBSD$
.\"
.Dd October 06, 2005
.Dd October 6, 2005
.Os
.Dt MAC_SEEOTHERUIDS 4
.Sh NAME

16
share/man/man4/man4.i386/acpi_ibm.4
View File

@ -135,7 +135,7 @@ Access IBM Button
.Ss Xr led 4 Ss Interface
The
.Nm
driver provides an
driver provides a
.Xr led 4
interface for the Thinklight.
The Thinklight can be made to blink by writing
@ -307,6 +307,13 @@ UltraBay battery
.Pp
Defaults for these sysctls can be set in
.Xr sysctl.conf 5 .
.Sh FILES
.Bl -tag -width ".Pa /dev/led/thinklight"
.It Pa /dev/led/thinklight
Thinklight
.Xr led 4
device node
.El
.Sh EXAMPLES
The following can be added to
.Xr devd.conf 5
@ -396,13 +403,6 @@ then
fi
exit 0
.Ed
.Sh FILES
.Bl -tag -width ".Pa /dev/led/thinklight"
.It Pa /dev/led/thinklight
Thinklight
.Xr led 4
device node
.El
.Sh SEE ALSO
.Xr acpi 4 ,
.Xr sysctl.conf 5 ,

2
share/man/man4/man4.i386/arl.4
View File

@ -38,7 +38,7 @@
.Nd "Aironet Arlan 655 wireless network adapter driver"
.Sh SYNOPSIS
To compile this driver into the kernel,
place the following lines in your
place the following line in your
kernel configuration file:
.Bd -ragged -offset indent
.Cd "device arl"

2
share/man/man4/man4.i386/cp.4
View File

@ -21,7 +21,7 @@
.Nd "driver for synchronous Cronyx Tau-PCI WAN adapters"
.Sh SYNOPSIS
To compile this driver into the kernel,
place the following lines in your
place the following line in your
kernel configuration file:
.Bd -ragged -offset indent
.Cd "device cp"

2
share/man/man4/man4.i386/cs.4
View File

@ -33,7 +33,7 @@
.Nd "Ethernet device driver"
.Sh SYNOPSIS
To compile this driver into the kernel,
place the following lines in your
place the following line in your
kernel configuration file:
.Bd -ragged -offset indent
.Cd "device cs"

4
share/man/man4/man4.i386/cx.4
View File

@ -21,12 +21,12 @@
.Nd "driver for synchronous/asynchronous Cronyx Sigma WAN adapters"
.Sh SYNOPSIS
To compile this driver into the kernel,
place the following lines in your
place the following line in your
kernel configuration file:
.Bd -ragged -offset indent
.Cd "device cx"
.Ed
Pp
.Pp
Alternatively, to load the driver as a
module at boot time, place the following line in
.Xr loader.conf 5 :

32
share/man/man4/man4.i386/ep.4
View File

@ -37,7 +37,7 @@
.Nd "Ethernet driver for 3Com Etherlink III (3c5x9) interfaces"
.Sh SYNOPSIS
To compile this driver into the kernel,
place the following lines in your
place the following line in your
kernel configuration file:
.Bd -ragged -offset indent
.Cd "device ep"
@ -154,50 +154,50 @@ They are supported by the
driver.
.Sh DIAGNOSTICS
.Bl -diag
.It ep0: reset (status: %x)
.It "ep0: reset (status: %x)"
The driver has encountered a FIFO underrun or overrun.
The driver will reset the card and the packet will be lost.
This is not fatal.
.It ep0: eeprom failed to come ready
.It "ep0: eeprom failed to come ready"
The eeprom failed to come ready.
This probably means the card is wedged.
.It ep0: 3c509 in test mode. Erase pencil mark!
.It "ep0: 3c509 in test mode. Erase pencil mark!"
This means that someone has scribbled with pencil
in the test area on the card.
Erase the pencil mark and reboot.
(This is not a joke).
.It ep0: No I/O space?!
.It "ep0: No I/O space?!"
The driver was unable to allocate the I/O space that it thinks
should be there.
Look for conflicts with other devices.
.It ep0: No irq?!
.It "ep0: No irq?!"
The driver couldn't allocate the interrupt it wanted.
Look for conflicts, although sharing interrupts for PC Card is normal.
.It ep0: No connectors!
.It "ep0: No connectors!"
The driver queried the hardware for what ethernet attachment were
present, but the hardware reported none that the driver recognized.
.It ep0: Unable to get Ethernet address!
.It "ep0: Unable to get Ethernet address!"
The driver was unable to read the ethernet address from the EEPROM.
This is likely the result of the card being wedged.
.It ep0: if_alloc() failed
.It "ep0: if_alloc() failed"
The driver was unable to allocate a ifnet structure.
This may happen in extremely low memory conditions.
.It ep0: strange connector type in EEPROM: assuming AUI
.It "ep0: strange connector type in EEPROM: assuming AUI"
The driver does not know what to do with the information the EEPROM
has about connectors, so it is assuming the worst.
.It ep0: unknown ID 0xXXXXXXXX
.It "ep0: unknown ID 0xXXXXXXXX"
The driver has found an ID that it believes it supports, but doesn't
have a specific identification string to present to the user.
.It ep0: <%s> at port 0x%03x in EISA mode
.It "ep0: <%s> at port 0x%03x in EISA mode"
The 3C509 ISA card is in EISA mode.
This message appears to be purely informational.
.It ep0: <%s> at x0%03x in PnP mode
This message appears to be purely informational.
.It "ep0: <%s> at x0%03x in PnP mode"
This card appears to be in Plug and Play mode.
It should be probed as part of the plug and play phase of the ISA
probes.
.It ep0: Invalid EEPROM checksum!
.It "ep0: Invalid EEPROM checksum!"
The EEPROM has a bad checksum, so the driver is ignoring the card.
.It ep0: bus_setup_intr() failed!
.It "ep0: bus_setup_intr() failed!"
The driver was unable to setup the interrupt handler.
This should never happen.
.El

4
share/man/man4/man4.i386/ex.4
View File

@ -33,7 +33,7 @@
.Nd "Ethernet device driver for the Intel EtherExpress Pro/10 and Pro/10+"
.Sh SYNOPSIS
To compile this driver into the kernel,
place the following lines in your
place the following line in your
kernel configuration file:
.Bd -ragged -offset indent
.Cd "device ex"
@ -104,7 +104,7 @@ The
.Nm
device driver was written by
.An Javier Mart\('in Rueda .
The PC Card attachment was written by
The PC Card attachment was written by
.An Mitsuru ISAWAKI
and
.An Warner Losh .

2
share/man/man4/man4.i386/fe.4
View File

@ -30,7 +30,7 @@
.Nd "Fujitsu MB86960A/MB86965A based Ethernet adapters"
.Sh SYNOPSIS
To compile this driver into the kernel,
place the following lines in your
place the following line in your
kernel configuration file:
.Bd -ragged -offset indent
.Cd "device fe"

2
share/man/man4/man4.i386/ie.4
View File

@ -33,7 +33,7 @@
.Nd "Ethernet device driver"
.Sh SYNOPSIS
To compile this driver into the kernel,
place the following lines in your
place the following line in your
kernel configuration file:
.Bd -ragged -offset indent
.Cd "device ie"

10
share/man/man4/man4.i386/linux.4
View File

@ -108,10 +108,14 @@ regardless of whether the
.Nm
module is statically linked into the kernel
or loaded as a module.
.Ed
.Pp
Some linux scripts want to execute /lib/ld-linux.so.2. In order to do this,
you should turn the kern.elf32.can_exec_dyn sysctl(8) variable to 1.
Some Linux scripts want to execute
.Pa /lib/ld-linux.so.2 .
In order to do this,
you should turn the
.Va kern.elf32.can_exec_dyn
.Xr sysctl 8
variable to 1.
.Sh FILES
.Bl -tag -width /compat/linux/proc -compact
.It Pa /compat/linux

2
share/man/man4/man4.i386/lnc.4
View File

@ -33,7 +33,7 @@
.Nd "AMD Lance/PCnet Ethernet device driver"
.Sh SYNOPSIS
To compile this driver into the kernel,
place the following lines in your
place the following line in your
kernel configuration file:
.Bd -ragged -offset indent
.Cd "device lnc"

2
share/man/man4/man4.i386/ray.4
View File

@ -38,7 +38,7 @@
.Nd "Raytheon Raylink/Webgear Aviator PCCard driver"
.Sh SYNOPSIS
To compile this driver into the kernel,
place the following lines in your
place the following line in your
kernel configuration file:
.Bd -ragged -offset indent
.Cd "device ray"

2
share/man/man4/man4.i386/vx.4
View File

@ -38,7 +38,7 @@
.Nd "3Com EtherLink III / Fast EtherLink III (3c59x) Ethernet driver"
.Sh SYNOPSIS
To compile this driver into the kernel,
place the following lines in your
place the following line in your
kernel configuration file:
.Bd -ragged -offset indent
.Cd "device vx"

6
share/man/man4/ng_iface.4
View File

@ -149,11 +149,11 @@ However,
is a special case, since it is not a physical interface with limited bandwidth.
One should not turn ALTQ on
.Nm
if the latter corresponds to some tunneled connection, e.g. PPPoE or PPTP.
In this case ALTQ should be configured on the interface, that is used to
if the latter corresponds to some tunneled connection, e.g.\& PPPoE or PPTP.
In this case, ALTQ should be configured on the interface that is used to
transmit the encapsulated packets.
In case when your graph ends up with some kind of serial line, either
synchronous or modem, then
synchronous or modem, the
.Nm
is the right place to turn ALTQ on.
.Sh SEE ALSO

2
share/man/man4/pccard.4
View File

@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ The
driver supports all PC Card bridges in the system.
.Sh TUNABLES
The driver supports the following tunable parameters, which may be
added to
added to
.Pa /boot/loader.conf
or set via the
.Xr sysctl 8

2
share/man/man4/pccbb.4
View File

@ -166,7 +166,7 @@ Toshiba ToPIC100
.El
.Sh TUNABLES
The driver supports the following tunable parameters, which may be
added to
added to
.Pa /boot/loader.conf
or set via the
.Xr sysctl 8

2
share/man/man4/txp.4
View File

@ -34,7 +34,7 @@
.Nd "3Com 3XP Typhoon/Sidewinder (3CR990) Ethernet interface"
.Sh SYNOPSIS
To compile this driver into the kernel,
place the following lines in your
place the following line in your
kernel configuration file:
.Bd -ragged -offset indent
.Cd "device txp"

1
share/man/man4/wi.4
View File

@ -327,7 +327,6 @@ Create a host-based wireless bridge to fxp0 (Prism only):
.Bd -literal -offset indent
ifconfig wi0 inet up ssid my_ap media DS/11Mbps mediaopt hostap
sysctl net.inet.ip.check_interface=0
kldload if_bridge.ko
ifconfig bridge0 create
ifconfig bridge0 addm wi0 addm fxp0
.Ed

2
share/man/man4/xe.4
View File

@ -33,7 +33,7 @@
.Nd "Xircom PCMCIA Ethernet device driver"
.Sh SYNOPSIS
To compile this driver into the kernel,
place the following lines in your
place the following line in your
kernel configuration file:
.Bd -ragged -offset indent
.Cd "device xe"

1
share/man/man5/disktab.5
View File

@ -137,6 +137,7 @@ file system, swap, etc)
.El
.Sh SEE ALSO
.Xr getdiskbyname 3 ,
.\" .Xr bsdlabel 5 ,
.Xr bsdlabel 8 ,
.Xr newfs 8
.Sh HISTORY

8
share/man/man5/make.conf.5
View File

@ -865,7 +865,11 @@ Build
with support for the IEEE 802.1X protocol and with
support for EAP-PEAP, EAP-TLS, EAP-LEAP, and EAP-TTLS
protocols (usable only via 802.1X).
This option is ignored if NO_CRYPTO or NO_OPENSSL are configured.
This option is ignored if
.Va NO_CRYPT
or
.Va NO_OPENSSL
are set.
.El
.Sh FILES
.Bl -tag -width ".Pa /usr/share/examples/etc/make.conf" -compact
@ -883,7 +887,7 @@ This option is ignored if NO_CRYPTO or NO_OPENSSL are configured.
.Xr environ 7 ,
.Xr ports 7 ,
.Xr lpd 8 ,
.Xr sendmail 8
.Xr sendmail 8 ,
.Xr wpa_supplicant 8
.Sh HISTORY
The

26
share/man/man5/rc.conf.5
View File

@ -237,7 +237,7 @@ utility when the memory file system for
.Pa /tmp
is created.
The default is
.Dq Li -S -M ,
.Dq Li "-S -M" ,
which inhibits the use of softupdates on
.Pa /tmp
to waste as little space as possible
@ -269,7 +269,7 @@ utility when the memory file system for
.Pa /var
is created.
The default is
.Dq Li -S -M ,
.Dq Li "-S -M" ,
which inhibits the use of softupdates on
.Pa /var
to waste as little space as possible
@ -923,8 +923,8 @@ Refer to
for more information.
.It Va network_interfaces
.Pq Vt str
Set to the list of network interfaces to configure on this host or
.Dq Li "AUTO"
Set to the list of network interfaces to configure on this host or
.Dq Li AUTO
(the default) for all current interfaces.
For example, if the only active network devices in the system
are the loopback device
@ -954,10 +954,11 @@ Routing (CIDR) address notation, whose last byte can be a range like
192.168.0.5-23/24.
In this case the address 192.168.0.5 will be configured with the
netmask /24 and the addresses 192.168.0.6 to 192.168.0.23 with
the non-conflicting netmask /32 as explained in the ifconfig(8)
the non-conflicting netmask /32 as explained in the
.Xr ifconfig 8
alias section.
With the interface in question being
.Li ed0,
.Li ed0 ,
an example could look like:
.Bd -literal
ipv4_addrs_ed0="192.168.0.1/24 192.168.1.1-5/28"
@ -1014,14 +1015,14 @@ variables.
If the
.Va ifconfig_ Ns Aq Ar interface
contains the keyword
.Dq Li "NOAUTO"
.Dq Li NOAUTO
then the interface will not be configured
at boot or by
.Pa /etc/pccard_ether
when
.Va network_interfaces
is set to
.Dq Li "AUTO" .
.Dq Li AUTO .
.Pp
It is possible to bring up an interface with DHCP by adding
.Dq Li DHCP
@ -1252,7 +1253,7 @@ Default flags to use by
.Xr geli 8
when configuring disk encryption.
Flags can be configured for every device separately by defining
.Va geli_<device>_flags
.Va geli_ Ns Ao Ar device Ac Ns Va _flags
variable.
.It Va geli_autodetach
.Pq Vt str
@ -1261,14 +1262,14 @@ file systems are mounted.
Default is
.Dq Li YES .
This can be changed for every device separately by defining
.Va geli_<device>_autodetach
.Va geli_ Ns Ao Ar device Ac Ns Va _autodetach
variable.
.It Va geli_swap_flags
Options passed to the
.Xr geli 8
utility when encrypted GEOM providers for swap partitions are created.
The default is
.Dq Li -a aes -l 256 -s 4096 -d .
.Dq Li "-a aes -l 256 -s 4096 -d" .
.It Va root_rw_mount
.Pq Vt bool
Set to
@ -3246,7 +3247,8 @@ This is configured via
.Xr sysctl 8
variable
.Va kern.init_shutdown_timeout
and defaults to 120 seconds. Setting the value of
and defaults to 120 seconds.
Setting the value of
.Va rcshutdown_timeout
to more than 120 seconds will have no effect until the
.Xr sysctl 8

10
share/man/man7/build.7
View File

@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ and release.
.It Cm installworld
Install everything built by
.Cm buildworld .
.It Cm kernel-toolchain
.It Cm kernel-toolchain
Rebuild the tools needed for kernel compilation.
Use this if you did not do a buildworld first.
.It Cm buildkernel
@ -100,7 +100,9 @@ followed by
.Cm installkernel
.It Cm delete-old
Delete obsolete base system files and directories interactively.
When -DBATCH_DELETE_OLD_FILES is specified at the command line,
When
.Li -DBATCH_DELETE_OLD_FILES
is specified at the command line,
the delete operation will be non-interactive.
The variables
.Va DESTDIR , TARGET_ARCH
@ -111,7 +113,9 @@ should be set as with
.It Cm delete-old-libs
Delete obsolete base system libraries interactively.
This should only be used if no 3rd party software uses the libraries anymore.
When -DBATCH_DELETE_OLD_FILES is specified at the command line,
When
.Li -DBATCH_DELETE_OLD_FILES
is specified at the command line,
the delete operation will be non-interactive.
The variables
.Va DESTDIR , TARGET_ARCH

2
share/man/man8/diskless.8
View File

@ -452,8 +452,8 @@ encryption keys.
.Sh SEE ALSO
.Xr ethers 5 ,
.Xr exports 5 ,
.Xr bootpd 8 ,
.Xr make.conf 5 ,
.Xr bootpd 8 ,
.Xr mountd 8 ,
.Xr nfsd 8 ,
.Xr pxeboot 8 ,

2
share/man/man9/atomic.9
View File

@ -23,7 +23,7 @@
.\"
.\" $FreeBSD$
.\"
.Dd October 27, 2000
.Dd September 27, 2005
.Os
.Dt ATOMIC 9
.Sh NAME

32
share/man/man9/bios.9
View File

@ -24,7 +24,7 @@
.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
.\"
.Dd August 1, 1997
.Dd August 9, 2005
.Dt BIOS 9
.Os
.Sh NAME
@ -98,29 +98,39 @@ Searches a given BIOS memory range for one or more strings,
and composes a printable concatenation of those found.
The routine expects a structure describing the BIOS address
.Fa range
(within 0xe0000 - 0xfffff), and a { NULL, 0, 0 } -terminated array of
.Fa bios_oem_signature
(within
.Li 0xe0000
-
.Li 0xfffff ) ,
and a {
.Dv NULL , Li 0 , 0
} -terminated array of
.Vt bios_oem_signature
structures which define the
.Fa anchor
.Va anchor
string, an
.Fa offset
.Va offset
from the beginning of the match (which may be negative), and
.Fa totlen
.Va totlen
number of bytes to be collected from BIOS memory starting at that offset.
Unmatched anchors are ignored, whereas matches are copied from BIOS memory
starting at their corresponding
.Fa offset
.Vt offset
with unprintable characters being replaced with space, and consecutive spaces
being suppressed. This composed string is stored in
being suppressed.
This composed string is stored in
.Fa buffer
up to the given
.Fa maxlen
bytes (including trailing '\\0', and any trailing space surpressed).
If an error is encountered, i.e. trying to read out of said BIOS range,
bytes (including trailing
.Ql \e0 ,
and any trailing space surpressed).
If an error is encountered, i.e.\& trying to read out of said BIOS range,
other invalid input, or
.Fa buffer
overflow, a negative integer is returned, otherwise the
length of the composed string is returned. In particular, a return
length of the composed string is returned.
In particular, a return
value of 0 means that none of the given anchor strings were found in
the specified BIOS memory range.
.It Fn BIOS_VADDRTOPADDR

2
share/man/man9/bus_dma.9
View File

@ -60,7 +60,7 @@
.\" $FreeBSD$
.\" $NetBSD: bus_dma.9,v 1.25 2002/10/14 13:43:16 wiz Exp $
.\"
.Dd Aug 31, 2005
.Dd August 31, 2005
.Dt BUS_DMA 9
.Os
.Sh NAME

4
share/man/man9/device_add_child.9
View File

@ -111,9 +111,9 @@ devices.
.Sh RETURN VALUES
The new device if successful, NULL otherwise.
.Sh SEE ALSO
.Xr device 9 ,
.Xr device_find_children 9 ,
.Xr DEVICE_IDENTIFY 9
.Xr device 9
.Xr device_find_children 9
.Sh AUTHORS
This manual page was written by
.An Doug Rabson .

2
share/man/man9/device_get_softc.9
View File

@ -60,8 +60,8 @@ tree that predate this function.
.Sh RETURN VALUES
The pointer to the driver-specific instance variable is returned.
.Sh SEE ALSO
.Xr DEVICE_PROBE 9 ,
.Xr device 9 ,
.Xr DEVICE_PROBE 9 ,
.Xr device_set_softc 9 ,
.Xr driver 9
.Sh AUTHORS

2
share/man/man9/namei.9
View File

@ -33,7 +33,7 @@
.\"
.\" $FreeBSD$
.\"
.Dd May 27, 2003
.Dd September 21, 2005
.Os
.Dt NAMEI 9
.Sh NAME

1
share/man/man9/timeout.9
View File

@ -370,7 +370,6 @@ if (sc->sc_flags & SCFLG_CALLOUT_RUNNING) {
}
}
.Ed
.Pp
.It
The
.Fn callout_pending ,

7
usr.sbin/moused/moused.8
View File

@ -133,12 +133,13 @@ Set the report rate (reports/sec) of the device if supported.
Enable
.Dq Horizontal Virtual Scrolling .
With this option set, holding the middle mouse
button down will cause motion to be interpreted as
horizontal scrolling.
button down will cause motion to be interpreted as
horizontal scrolling.
Use the
.Fl U
option to set the distance the mouse must move before the scrolling mode is
activated. This option may be used with or without the
activated.
This option may be used with or without the
.Fl V
option.
.It Fl I Ar file

23
usr.sbin/ndp/ndp.8
View File

@ -78,11 +78,11 @@ The
.Nm
utility manipulates the address mapping table
used by the Neighbor Discovery Protocol (NDP).
.Bl -tag -width Ds
.Bl -tag -width indent
.It Fl a
Dump the currently existing NDP entries.
The following information will be printed:
.Bl -tag -width NeighborXX
.Bl -tag -width "Neighbor"
.It Neighbor
IPv6 address of the neighbor.
.It Linklayer Address
@ -173,8 +173,7 @@ before
.Fl foo
in this case.
.\"
.Pp
.Bl -tag -width Ds -compact
.Bl -tag -width indent
.It Ic nud
Turn on or off NUD (Neighbor Unreachability Detection) on the
interface.
@ -197,9 +196,7 @@ For more details about the entire algorithm of source address
selection, see the
.Pa IMPLEMENTATION
file supplied with the KAME kit.
.It Xo
.Ic disabled
.Xc
.It Ic disabled
Disable IPv6 operation on the interface.
When disabled, the interface discards any IPv6 packets
received on or being sent to the interface.
@ -210,17 +207,11 @@ a certain failure of Duplicate Address Detection.
While the flag can be set or cleared by hand with the
.Nm
command, it is not generally advisable to modify this flag manually.
.It Xo
.Ic basereachable=(number)
.Xc
.It Ic basereachable Ns Li = Ns Pq Ar number
Specify the BaseReachbleTimer on the interface in millisecond.
.It Xo
.Ic retrans=(number)
.Xc
.It Ic retrans Ns Li = Ns Pq Ar number
Specify the RetransTimer on the interface in millisecond.
.It Xo
.Ic curhlim=(number)
.Xc
.It Ic curhlim Ns Li = Ns Pq Ar number
Specify the Cur Hop Limit on the interface.
.El
.It Fl n

10
usr.sbin/pkg_install/add/pkg_add.1
View File

@ -128,11 +128,12 @@ modes (see the
.Fl M
and
.Fl S
options). If the
options).
If the
.Fl p
flag appears after any
.Fl P
flag on the command line, it overrides it's effect, causing
flag on the command line, it overrides its effect, causing
.Nm
not to use the given
.Ar prefix
@ -142,11 +143,12 @@ Does the same as the
.Fl p
option, except that the given
.Ar prefix
is also used recursively for the dependency packages, if any. If the
is also used recursively for the dependency packages, if any.
If the
.Fl P
flag appears after any
.Fl p
flag on the command line, it overrides it's effect, causing
flag on the command line, it overrides its effect, causing
.Nm
to use the given
.Ar prefix

2
usr.sbin/pkg_install/version/pkg_version.1
View File

@ -25,7 +25,7 @@
.\"
.\" $FreeBSD$
.\"
.Dd Jul 27, 2005
.Dd July 27, 2005
.Dt PKG_VERSION 1
.Os
.Sh NAME

2
usr.sbin/powerd/powerd.8
View File

@ -24,7 +24,7 @@
.\"
.\" $FreeBSD$
.\"
.Dd April 10, 2005
.Dd November 6, 2005
.Dt POWERD 8
.Os
.Sh NAME

2
usr.sbin/sade/sade.8
View File

@ -24,7 +24,7 @@
.\"
.\" $FreeBSD$
.\"
.Dd June 14, 2005
.Dd July 17, 2005
.Dt SYSINSTALL 8
.Os
.Sh NAME

2
usr.sbin/sysinstall/sysinstall.8
View File

@ -24,7 +24,7 @@
.\"
.\" $FreeBSD$
.\"
.Dd June 14, 2005
.Dd July 17, 2005
.Dt SYSINSTALL 8
.Os
.Sh NAME