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Suggested by: jhb MFC after: 1 week
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@ -422,8 +422,9 @@ about its use.
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.It Cm restore
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.It Cm restore
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Restore the partition table from backup previously created by
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Restore the partition table from backup previously created by
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.Cm backup
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.Cm backup
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action and given from standard input. Only partition table
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action and given from standard input.
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may be restored. This action does not affect content of partitions.
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Only partition table may be restored.
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This action does not affect content of partitions.
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This mean that you should copy your data from backup after restoring
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This mean that you should copy your data from backup after restoring
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partition table and write bootcode again if it is needed.
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partition table and write bootcode again if it is needed.
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.Pp
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.Pp
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@ -703,20 +704,23 @@ action.
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.Sh RECOVERING
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.Sh RECOVERING
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The GEOM class PART supports recovering of partition tables only for GPT.
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The GEOM class PART supports recovering of partition tables only for GPT.
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The GUID partition table has a primary and secondary (backup) copy of
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The GUID partition table has a primary and secondary (backup) copy of
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metadata for redundance. They are stored in the begining and in the end
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metadata for redundance.
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of device respectively. Therefore it is acceptable to have some corruptions
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They are stored in the begining and in the end of device respectively.
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in the metadata that are not fatal to work with GPT. When kernel detects
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Therefore it is acceptable to have some corruptions in the metadata that
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corrupt metadata it marks this table as corrupt and reports about corruption.
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are not fatal to work with GPT.
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When kernel detects corrupt metadata it marks this table as corrupt and
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reports about corruption.
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Any changes in corrupt table are prohibited except
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Any changes in corrupt table are prohibited except
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.Cm destroy
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.Cm destroy
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and
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and
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.Cm recover .
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.Cm recover .
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.Pp
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.Pp
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In case when only first sector is corrupt kernel can not detect GPT even
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In case when only first sector is corrupt kernel can not detect GPT even
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if partition table is not corrupt. You can write protective MBR with
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if partition table is not corrupt.
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You can write protective MBR with
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.Xr dd 1
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.Xr dd 1
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command to restore ability of GPT detection. The copy of protective MBR is
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command to restore ability of GPT detection.
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usually located in the
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The copy of protective MBR is usually located in the
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.Pa /boot/pmbr
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.Pa /boot/pmbr
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file.
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file.
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.Pp
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.Pp
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@ -743,25 +747,27 @@ and
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will report about corrupt table.
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will report about corrupt table.
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.Pp
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.Pp
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In case when the size of device has changed (e.g. volume expansion) the
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In case when the size of device has changed (e.g. volume expansion) the
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secondary GPT header will become located not in the last sector. This is
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secondary GPT header will become located not in the last sector.
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not a metadata corruption, but it is dangerous because any corruption of
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This is not a metadata corruption, but it is dangerous because any
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the primary GPT will lead to lost of partition table. Kernel reports about
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corruption of the primary GPT will lead to lost of partition table.
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this problem with message:
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Kernel reports about this problem with message:
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.Bd -literal -offset indent
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.Bd -literal -offset indent
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GEOM: provider: the secondary GPT header is not in the last LBA.
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GEOM: provider: the secondary GPT header is not in the last LBA.
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.Ed
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.Ed
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.Pp
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.Pp
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A corrupt table can be recovered with
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A corrupt table can be recovered with
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.Cm gpart recover
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.Cm gpart recover
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command. This command does reconstruction of corrupt metadata using
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command.
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known valid metadata. Also it can relocate secondary GPT to the end of
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This command does reconstruction of corrupt metadata using
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device.
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known valid metadata.
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Also it can relocate secondary GPT to the end of device.
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.Pp
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.Pp
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.Pa NOTE :
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.Pa NOTE :
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The GEOM class PART can detect the same partition table on different GEOM
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The GEOM class PART can detect the same partition table on different GEOM
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providers and some of them will be marked as corrupt. Be careful when choosing
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providers and some of them will be marked as corrupt.
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a provider for recovering. If you choose incorrectly you can destroy the
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Be careful when choosing a provider for recovering.
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metadata of another GEOM class, e.g. GEOM MIRROR or GEOM LABEL.
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If you choose incorrectly you can destroy the metadata of another GEOM class,
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e.g. GEOM MIRROR or GEOM LABEL.
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.Sh EXIT STATUS
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.Sh EXIT STATUS
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Exit status is 0 on success, and 1 if the command fails.
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Exit status is 0 on success, and 1 if the command fails.
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.Sh EXAMPLES
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.Sh EXAMPLES
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