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.\" Copyright (c) 1986, 1988 Regents of the University of California.
.\" All rights reserved.
.\"
.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms are permitted
.\" provided that this notice is preserved and that due credit is given
.\" to the University of California at Berkeley. The name of the University
.\" may not be used to endorse or promote products derived from this
.\" software without specific prior written permission. This software
.\" is provided ``as is'' without express or implied warranty.
.\"
.\" @(#)00macs.me 6.3 (Berkeley) 2/28/88
.\"
.\" usage: troff -me myfile
.nr EX 0
.de BX
.sp
.ba +4
.lp
.nr EX +1
.b
.ta (\\n(.lu-\\n(.iu)R
EXAMPLE \\n(EX: \(*D
.r
.lp
..
.de EX
.br
.ba
.b
.tl '''\(gr'
.r
.lp
..
.if \nl .ls 2
.if t .nr bi 5m
.nr si 3n
.de $0 \" create a table of contents magically.
.(x
.ti (\\$3u-1u)*2m
\\$2. \\$1
.)x
..
.de $1
.sp
..
.de BU
.ip "\ \(bu" \w'\ \(bu\ 'u
..
.de SM
\s-1\\$1\s0\\$2
..

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.\" Copyright (c) 1986, 1988
.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
.\"
.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
.\" are met:
.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
.\" must display the following acknowledgement:
.\" This product includes software developed by the University of
.\" California, Berkeley and its contributors.
.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
.\" without specific prior written permission.
.\"
.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
.\"
.\" Portions Copyright (c) 1993 by Digital Equipment Corporation.
.\"
.\" Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any
.\" purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
.\" copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies, and that
.\" the name of Digital Equipment Corporation not be used in advertising or
.\" publicity pertaining to distribution of the document or software without
.\" specific, written prior permission.
.\"
.\" THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND DIGITAL EQUIPMENT CORP. DISCLAIMS ALL
.\" WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE, INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES
.\" OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL DIGITAL EQUIPMENT
.\" CORPORATION BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
.\" DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR
.\" PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS
.\" ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS
.\" SOFTWARE.
.+c
.(l C
.sz 14
.b "Name Server Operations Guide"
.b "for \s-1BIND\s+1"
.sz
\fIRelease 4.9.3\fP
.eh 'SMM:10-%''Name Server Operations Guide for \s-1BIND\s+1'
.oh 'Name Server Operations Guide for \s-1BIND\s+1''\s-1SMM\s+1:10-%'
.sp
\fIReleases from 4.9\fP
Paul Vixie\**
.(f
\** This author was employed by Digital Equipment Corporation's
Network Systems Laboratory during the development and release of
\s-1BIND\s+1 4.9. Release 4.9.2 was sponsored by Vixie
Enterprises. Releases from 4.9.3 were sponsored by the Internet
Software Consortium.
.)f
<paul@vix.com>
.sp \n(psu
Internet Software Consortium
La Honda, CA
.sp 2
\fIReleases through 4.8.3\fP
Kevin J. Dunlap\**
Michael J. Karels
.sp \n(psu
Computer Systems Research Group
Computer Science Division
Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences
University of California
Berkeley, CA 94720
.)l
.sp 2
.(f
\** This author was an employee of Digital Equipment Corporation's
\s-1ULTRIX\s+1 Engineering Advanced Development Group and was on loan to
CSRG when this work was done. \s-1ULTRIX\s+1 is a trademark of Digital
Equipment Corporation.
.)f

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# ++Copyright++ 1986, 1988
# -
# Copyright (c) 1986, 1988
# The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
#
# Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
# modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
# are met:
# 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
# notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
# 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
# notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
# documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
# 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
# must display the following acknowledgement:
# This product includes software developed by the University of
# California, Berkeley and its contributors.
# 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
# may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
# without specific prior written permission.
#
# THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
# ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
# IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
# ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
# FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
# DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
# OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
# HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
# LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
# OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
# SUCH DAMAGE.
# -
# Portions Copyright (c) 1993 by Digital Equipment Corporation.
#
# Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any
# purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
# copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies, and that
# the name of Digital Equipment Corporation not be used in advertising or
# publicity pertaining to distribution of the document or software without
# specific, written prior permission.
#
# THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND DIGITAL EQUIPMENT CORP. DISCLAIMS ALL
# WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE, INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES
# OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL DIGITAL EQUIPMENT
# CORPORATION BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
# DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR
# PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS
# ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS
# SOFTWARE.
# -
# --Copyright--
#
# @(#)Makefile 6.3 (Berkeley) 2/28/88
#
FILES= 00macs.me 00title.me intro.me ns.me types.me\
files.me named.boot.primary\
named.boot.secondary named.boot.cache resolv.conf\
root.cache named.local ucbhosts.rev ucbhosts \
setup.me manage.me build.me ack.me
ME= -me
NROFF= nroff -rb3
PRINTER= -Pdp
TBL= dtbl $(PRINTER)
TROFF= ditroff $(PRINTER)
GROFF= groff -Tps -t $(ME)
all: file.lst
file.lst: $(FILES)
tbl $(FILES)| $(NROFF) $(ME) $(FLAGS) > file.lst
file.psf: $(FILES)
$(GROFF) $(FILES) > file.psf
troff: $(FILES)
$(TBL) $(FILES)| $(TROFF) $(ME) $(FLAGS)
cat: $(FILES)
@cat $(FILES)
clean:
rm -f *.psf *.lst *.BAK *.CKP *~ *.orig
spell: $(FILES)
@for i in $(FILES); do \
echo $$i; \
spell $$i | sort | comm -23 - spell.ok > $$i.spell; \
done

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.\" Copyright (c) 1986, 1988
.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
.\"
.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
.\" are met:
.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
.\" must display the following acknowledgement:
.\" This product includes software developed by the University of
.\" California, Berkeley and its contributors.
.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
.\" without specific prior written permission.
.\"
.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
.\"
.\" Portions Copyright (c) 1993 by Digital Equipment Corporation.
.\"
.\" Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any
.\" purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
.\" copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies, and that
.\" the name of Digital Equipment Corporation not be used in advertising or
.\" publicity pertaining to distribution of the document or software without
.\" specific, written prior permission.
.\"
.\" THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND DIGITAL EQUIPMENT CORP. DISCLAIMS ALL
.\" WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE, INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES
.\" OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL DIGITAL EQUIPMENT
.\" CORPORATION BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
.\" DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR
.\" PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS
.\" ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS
.\" SOFTWARE.
.\"
.\" @(#)ack.me
.\"
.sx 0
.bp
.ce
.b "ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS \(em 4.9.3"
.pp
The \fI<bind-workers@vix.com>\fP mailing list was once again of great help;
this release would not be nearly as ready for prime time if not for their
efforts. Special commendations are owed to Robert Elz, Don "Truck" Lewis,
Bob Halley, Mark Andrews, Berthold Paffrath, Ruediger Volk, and Peter Koch.
.pp
Digital Equipment Corporation, Hewlett Packard, Silicon Graphics, and SunSoft
all made hardware available for integration testing; this made the release
far more solid than it would otherwise have been. More hardware loans are
welcome \(em if you are a system vendor and you would like \s-2BIND\s+2 to
run ``out of the box'' on your platform and are willing to lend some rusty
old hardware for the purpose, please contact me (\fI<paul@vix.org>\fP) to
make the arrangements.
.pp
Special thanks to the Internet Software Consortium for funding this work.
Contact \fI<isc-info@isc.org>\fP if your organization would like to
participate in funding future releases of \s-2BIND\s+2 and other freely
redistributable software packages that are in wide use on the Internet.
.sp 2
.ce
.b "ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS \(em through 4.9"
.pp
The alpha-test group was extremely helpful in furnishing improvements,
finding and repairing bugs, and being patient. I would like to express
special thanks to Brian Reid of Digital Equipment corporation for funding
this work. Robert Elz, Alan Barrett, Paul Albitz, Bryan Beecher, Andrew
Partan, Andy Cherenson, Tom Limoncelli, Berthold Paffrath, Fuat Baran, Anant
Kumar, Art Harkin, Win Treese, Don Lewis, Christophe Wolfhugel, and a cast
of dozens all helped out above and beyond the call of duty. Special thanks
to Phil Almquist, who got the project started and contributed a lot of the
code and fixed several of the worst bugs.
.sp 2
.ce
.b "ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS \(em through 4.8.3"
.pp
Many thanks to the users at U. C. Berkeley for falling into many of the holes
involved with integrating BIND into the system so that others would be
spared the trauma. I would also like to extend gratitude to Jim McGinness
and Digital Equipment Corporation for permitting me to spend most of my time
on this project.
.pp
Ralph Campbell, Doug Kingston, Craig Partridge, Smoot Carl-Mitchell, Mike
Muuss and everyone else on the DARPA Internet who has contributed to the
development of BIND. To the members of the original BIND project, Douglas
Terry, Mark Painter, David Riggle and Songnian Zhou.
.pp
Anne Hughes, Jim Bloom and Kirk McKusick and the many others who have
reviewed this paper giving considerable advice.
.pp
This work was sponsored by the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency
(DoD), Arpa Order No. 4871 monitored by the Naval Electronics Systems
Command under contract No. N00039-84-C-0089. The views and conclusions
contained in this document are those of the authors and should not be
interpreted as representing official policies, either expressed or implied,
of the Defense Research Projects Agency, of the US Government, or of Digital
Equipment Corporation.
.bp
.ba 0
.in 0
.sp 2
.ce
.b REFERENCES
.sp
.nr ii 1i
.ip [Birrell]
Birrell, A. D.,
Levin, R.,
Needham, R. M.,
and Schroeder, M.D.,
.q "Grapevine: An Exercise in Distributed Computing."
In
.ul
Comm. A.C.M. 25,
4:260-274
April 1982.
.ip [RFC819]
Su, Z.
Postel, J.,
.q "The Domain Naming Convention for Internet User Applications."
.ul
Internet Request For Comment 819
Network Information Center,
SRI International,
Menlo Park, California.
August 1982.
.ip [RFC974]
Partridge, C.,
.q "Mail Routing and The Domain System."
.ul
Internet Request For Comment 974
Network Information Center,
SRI International,
Menlo Park, California.
February 1986.
.ip [RFC1032]
Stahl, M.,
.q "Domain Administrators Guide"
.ul
Internet Request For Comment 1032
Network Information Center,
SRI International,
Menlo Park, California.
November 1987.
.ip [RFC1033]
Lottor, M.,
.q "Domain Administrators Guide"
.ul
Internet Request For Comment 1033
Network Information Center,
SRI International,
Menlo Park, California.
November 1987.
.ip [RFC1034]
Mockapetris, P.,
.q "Domain Names - Concept and Facilities."
.ul
Internet Request For Comment 1034
Network Information Center,
SRI International,
Menlo Park, California.
November 1987.
.ip [RFC1035]
Mockapetris, P.,
.q "Domain Names - Implementation and Specification."
.ul
Internet Request For Comment 1035
Network Information Center,
SRI International,
Menlo Park, California.
November 1987.
.ip [RFC1101]
Mockapetris, P.,
.q "DNS Encoding of Network Names and Other Types."
.ul
Internet Request For Comment 1101
Network Information Center,
SRI International,
Menlo Park, California.
April 1989.
.ip [RFC1123]
R. Braden, Editor,
.q "Requirements for Internet Hosts -- Application and Support"
.ul
Internet Request For Comment 1123
Network Information Center,
SRI International,
Menlo Park, California.
October 1989.
.ip [RFC1183]
Everhart, C.,
Mamakos, L.,
Ullmann, R.,
and
Mockapetris, P.,
.q "New DNS RR Definitions"
.ul
Internet Request For Comment 1183
Network Information Center,
SRI International,
Menlo Park, California.
October 1990.
.ip [RFC1327]
Hardcastle-Kille, S.,
.q "Mapping between X.400(1988) / ISO 10021 and RFC 822"
.ul
Internet Request For Comment 1327
Network Information Center,
SRI International,
Menlo Park, California.
May 1992.
.ip [RFC1664]
Allocchio, C.,
Bonito, A.,
Cole, B.,
Giordano, S.,
Hagens, R.,
.q "Using the Internet DNS to Distribute RFC1327 Mail Address Mapping Tables"
.ul
Internet Request For Comment 1664
Network Information Center,
SRI International,
Menlo Park, California.
August 1994.
.ip [RFC1713]
Romao, A.,
.q "Tools for DNS debugging"
.ul
Internet Request For Comment 1713, also FYI27
Network Information Center,
SRI International,
Menlo Park, California.
November 1994.
.ip [Terry]
Terry, D. B.,
Painter, M.,
Riggle, D. W.,
and
Zhou, S.,
.ul
The Berkeley Internet Name Domain Server.
Proceedings USENIX Summer Conference,
Salt Lake City, Utah.
June 1984, pages 23-31.
.ip [Zhou]
Zhou, S.,
.ul
The Design and Implementation of the Berkeley Internet Name Domain (BIND) Servers.
UCB/CSD 84/177.
University of California, Berkeley,
Computer Science Division.
May 1984.
.ip [Mockapetris]
Mockapetris, P.,
Dunlap, K,
.ul
Development of the Domain Name System
ACM Computer Communications Review 18, 4:123-133.
Proceedings ACM SIGCOMM '88 Symposium,
August 1988.
.ul
.ip [Liu]
Liu, C.,
Albitz, P.,
.ul
DNS and BIND
O'Reilly & Associates, Sebastopol, CA,
502 pages, ISBN 0-937175-82-X
1992

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@ -1,102 +0,0 @@
.\" ++Copyright++ 1986, 1988
.\" -
.\" Copyright (c) 1986, 1988
.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
.\"
.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
.\" are met:
.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
.\" must display the following acknowledgement:
.\" This product includes software developed by the University of
.\" California, Berkeley and its contributors.
.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
.\" without specific prior written permission.
.\"
.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
.\" -
.\" Portions Copyright (c) 1993 by Digital Equipment Corporation.
.\"
.\" Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any
.\" purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
.\" copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies, and that
.\" the name of Digital Equipment Corporation not be used in advertising or
.\" publicity pertaining to distribution of the document or software without
.\" specific, written prior permission.
.\"
.\" THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND DIGITAL EQUIPMENT CORP. DISCLAIMS ALL
.\" WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE, INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES
.\" OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL DIGITAL EQUIPMENT
.\" CORPORATION BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
.\" DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR
.\" PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS
.\" ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS
.\" SOFTWARE.
.\" -
.\" --Copyright--
.\"
.\" @(#)build.me 6.3 (Berkeley) 9/19/89
.\"
.sh 1 "Building a System with a Name Server"
.pp
BIND is composed of two parts. One is the user interface called the
\fIresolver\fP
which consists of a group of routines that reside in the C library
\fI/lib/libc.a\fP.
Second is the actual server called \fInamed\fP.
This is a daemon that runs in the background and services queries on a
given network port. The standard port for UDP and TCP is specified in
\fI/etc/services\fP.
.sh 2 "Resolver Routines in libc"
.pp
When building your 4.3BSD system you may either
build the C library to use the name server resolver routines
or use the host table lookup routines to do host name and address resolution.
The default resolver for 4.3BSD uses the name server. Newer BSD systems
include both name server and host table functionality with preference given
to the name server if there is one or if there is a \fI/etc/resolv.conf\fP
file.
.pp
Building the C library to use the name server changes the way
\fIgethostbyname\fP\|(3N), \fIgethostbyaddr\fP\|(3N), and
\fIsethostent\fP\|(3N) do their functions. The name server renders
\fIgethostent\fP\|(3N) obsolete, since it has no concept of a next line in
the database. These library calls are built with the resolver routines
needed to query the name server.
.pp
The \fIresolver\fP contains functions that build query
packets and exchange them with name servers.
.pp
Before building the 4.3BSD C library, set the variable \fIHOSTLOOKUP\fP
equal to \fInamed\fP in \fI/usr/src/lib/libc/Makefile\fP. You
then make and install the C library and compiler and then compile the rest
of the 4.3BSD system. For more information see section 6.6 of ``Installing
and Operating 4.3BSD on the VAX\(dd''.
.(f
\(ddVAX is a Trademark of Digital Equipment Corporation
.)f
.pp
If your operating system isn't VAX\(dd 4.3BSD, it is probably the case that
your vendor has included \fIresolver\fP support in the supplied C Library.
You should consult your vendor's documentation to find out what has to be
done to enable \fIresolver\fP support. Note that your vendor's \fIresolver\fP
may be out of date with respect to the one shipped with \s-1BIND\s+1, and that
you might want to build \s-1BIND\s+1's resolver library and install it, and
its include files, into your system's compile/link path so that your own
network applications will be able to use the newer features.

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@ -1,75 +0,0 @@
.\" ++Copyright++ 1986, 1988
.\" -
.\" Copyright (c) 1986, 1988
.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
.\"
.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
.\" are met:
.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
.\" must display the following acknowledgement:
.\" This product includes software developed by the University of
.\" California, Berkeley and its contributors.
.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
.\" without specific prior written permission.
.\"
.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
.\" -
.\" Portions Copyright (c) 1993 by Digital Equipment Corporation.
.\"
.\" Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any
.\" purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
.\" copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies, and that
.\" the name of Digital Equipment Corporation not be used in advertising or
.\" publicity pertaining to distribution of the document or software without
.\" specific, written prior permission.
.\"
.\" THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND DIGITAL EQUIPMENT CORP. DISCLAIMS ALL
.\" WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE, INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES
.\" OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL DIGITAL EQUIPMENT
.\" CORPORATION BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
.\" DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR
.\" PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS
.\" ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS
.\" SOFTWARE.
.\" -
.\" --Copyright--
.\"
.\" @(#)intro.me 6.2 (Berkeley) 2/28/88
.\"
.sh 1 Introduction
.pp
The Berkeley Internet Name Domain (\s-1BIND\s+1) implements an Internet name
server for \s-2BSD\s+2-derived operating systems. The \s-1BIND\s+1 consists
of a server (or ``daemon'') called \fInamed\fP and a \fIresolver\fP library.
A name server is a network service that enables clients to name resources or
objects and share this information with other objects in the network. This
in effect is a distributed data base system for objects in a computer
network. The \s-1BIND\s+1 server runs in the background, servicing queries
on a well known network port. The standard port for UDP and TCP is specified
in \fI/etc/services\fP. The \fIresolver\fP is a set of routines residing
in a system library that provides the interface that programs can use to
access the domain name services.
.pp
BIND is fully integrated into BSD (4.3 and later releases)
network programs for use in storing and retrieving host names and address.
The system administrator can configure the system to use BIND as a
replacement to the older host table lookup of information in the network
hosts file \fI/etc/hosts\fP. The default configuration for BSD uses
BIND.

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@ -1,156 +0,0 @@
.\" ++Copyright++ 1986, 1988, 1995
.\" -
.\" Copyright (c) 1986, 1988, 1995
.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
.\"
.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
.\" are met:
.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
.\" must display the following acknowledgement:
.\" This product includes software developed by the University of
.\" California, Berkeley and its contributors.
.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
.\" without specific prior written permission.
.\"
.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
.\" -
.\" Portions Copyright (c) 1993 by Digital Equipment Corporation.
.\"
.\" Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any
.\" purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
.\" copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies, and that
.\" the name of Digital Equipment Corporation not be used in advertising or
.\" publicity pertaining to distribution of the document or software without
.\" specific, written prior permission.
.\"
.\" THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND DIGITAL EQUIPMENT CORP. DISCLAIMS ALL
.\" WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE, INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES
.\" OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL DIGITAL EQUIPMENT
.\" CORPORATION BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
.\" DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR
.\" PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS
.\" ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS
.\" SOFTWARE.
.\" -
.\" --Copyright--
.\"
.\" @(#)manage.me 6.6 (Berkeley) 9/19/89
.\" $Id: manage.me,v 8.4 1995/12/22 10:20:24 vixie Exp $
.\"
.sh 1 "Domain Management"
.pp
This section contains information for starting, controlling and debugging
\fInamed\fP.
.sh 2 /etc/rc.local
.pp
The hostname should be set to the full domain style name in
\fI/etc/rc.local\fP using \fIhostname\|(1)\fP. The following entry should
be added to \fI/etc/rc.local\fP to start up \fInamed\fP at system boot time:
.(b l
\fIif [ -f /usr/sbin/named ]; then
/usr/sbin/named\fP [options] \fI& echo -n ' named' >/dev/console\fP
\fIfi\fP
.)b
This usually directly follows the lines that start \fIsyslogd\fP.
\fBDo Not\fP attempt to run \fInamed\fP from \fIinetd\fP.
This will
continuously restart the name server and defeat the purpose of the cache.
.sh 2 /var/run/named.pid
.pp
When \fInamed\fP is successfully started up it writes its process id into
the file \fI/var/run/named.pid\fP. This is useful to programs that want to
send signals to \fInamed\fP. The name of this file may be changed by defining
\fIPIDFILE\fP to the new name when compiling \fInamed\fP.
.sh 2 /etc/hosts
.pp
The \fIgethostbyname\|()\fP library call can detect if \fInamed\fP is running.
If it is determined that \fInamed\fP is not running it will look in
\fI/etc/hosts\fP to resolve an address.
This option was added to allow \fIifconfig\|(8C)\fP to configure the machines
local interfaces and to enable a system manager to access the network
while the system is in single user mode.
It is advisable to put the local machines interface addresses and a couple of
machine names and address in
\fI/etc/hosts\fP so the system manager can rcp files from another machine
when the system is in single user mode.
The format of \fI/etc/hosts\fP has not changed. See \fIhosts\|(5)\fP
for more information.
Since the process of reading \fI/etc/hosts\fP is slow,
it is not advisable to use this option when the system is in multi user mode.
.sh 2 Signals
.pp
There are several signals that can be sent to the \fInamed\fP process
to have it do tasks without restarting the process.
.sh 3 Reload
.pp
SIGHUP -
Causes \fInamed\fP to read \fInamed.boot\fP and reload the database.
This is useful when you have made a change to a ``primary'' data file
and you want \fInamed\fP\|'s internal database to reflect the change.
If you build \s-1BIND\s+1 with the \s-1FORCED_RELOAD\s+1 option, then
\s-1SIGHUP\s+1 also has the effect of scheduling all ``secondary'' zones
for serial-number checks, which could lead to zone transfers ahead of
the usual schedule. Normally serial-number compares are done only at
the intervals specified in the zone's \s-1SOA\s+1 record.
.sh 3 Debugging
.pp
When \fInamed\fP is running incorrectly, look first in
\fI/var/log/messages\fP and check for any messages logged by \fIsyslog\fP.
Next send it a signal to see what is happening. Unless you run it with the
``-d'' option, \fInamed\fP has very little to say on its standard output or
standard error. Everything \fInamed\fP has to say, it says to \fIsyslog\fP.
.pp
SIGINT -
Dumps the current data base and cache to
\fI/var/tmp/named_dump.db\fP
This should give you an indication to whether the data base was loaded
correctly.
The name of the dump file may be changed
by defining \fIDUMPFILE\fP to the new name when compiling \fInamed\fP.
\fINote:\fP the following two signals only work when \fInamed\fP is built with
\fIDEBUG\fP defined.
.pp
SIGUSR1 -
Turns on debugging. Each following SIGUSR1 increments the debug level.
The output goes to \fI/var/tmp/named.run\fP
The name of this debug file may be changed
by defining \fIDEBUGFILE\fP to the new name before compiling \fInamed\fP.
.pp
SIGUSR2 -
Turns off debugging completely.
For more detailed debugging, define DEBUG when compiling the resolver
routines into \fI/lib/libc.a\fP.
.pp
SIGWINCH -
Toggles tracing of all incoming queries if \fInamed\fP has been
compiled with \fIQRYLOG\fP defined. The trace is sent to syslog, and
is huge, but it is very useful for tracking down problems.
To run with tracing of all queries specify the \fI-q\fP flag on the
command line. If you routinely log queries you will probably want to
analyze the results using the dnsstats stats script in the
contrib directory.
.pp
SIGIOT -
Dumps statistics data into \fI/var/tmp/named.stats\fP if the server
is built with \fISTATS\fP defined. Statistics are appended to the file.

View File

@ -1,77 +0,0 @@
.\" ++Copyright++ 1986, 1988
.\" -
.\" Copyright (c) 1986, 1988
.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
.\"
.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
.\" are met:
.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
.\" must display the following acknowledgement:
.\" This product includes software developed by the University of
.\" California, Berkeley and its contributors.
.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
.\" without specific prior written permission.
.\"
.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
.\" -
.\" Portions Copyright (c) 1993 by Digital Equipment Corporation.
.\"
.\" Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any
.\" purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
.\" copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies, and that
.\" the name of Digital Equipment Corporation not be used in advertising or
.\" publicity pertaining to distribution of the document or software without
.\" specific, written prior permission.
.\"
.\" THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND DIGITAL EQUIPMENT CORP. DISCLAIMS ALL
.\" WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE, INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES
.\" OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL DIGITAL EQUIPMENT
.\" CORPORATION BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
.\" DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR
.\" PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS
.\" ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS
.\" SOFTWARE.
.\" -
.\" --Copyright--
.\"
.\" @(#)named.boot.cache 6.4 (Berkeley) 9/19/89
.\"
.ne 13v
.sh 4 "Caching Only Server"
.(b L
.TS
l.
;
; Boot file for Caching Only Name Server
;
.TE
.TS
l l l
l
l l l.
; type domain source file or host
;
directory /usr/local/adm/named
cache \fB.\fP root\fB.\fPcache
primary 0\fB.\fP0\fB.\fP127\fB.\fPin-addr\fB.\fParpa named\fB.\fPlocal
.TE
.)b

View File

@ -1,78 +0,0 @@
.\" ++Copyright++ 1986, 1988
.\" -
.\" Copyright (c) 1986, 1988
.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
.\"
.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
.\" are met:
.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
.\" must display the following acknowledgement:
.\" This product includes software developed by the University of
.\" California, Berkeley and its contributors.
.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
.\" without specific prior written permission.
.\"
.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
.\" -
.\" Portions Copyright (c) 1993 by Digital Equipment Corporation.
.\"
.\" Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any
.\" purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
.\" copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies, and that
.\" the name of Digital Equipment Corporation not be used in advertising or
.\" publicity pertaining to distribution of the document or software without
.\" specific, written prior permission.
.\"
.\" THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND DIGITAL EQUIPMENT CORP. DISCLAIMS ALL
.\" WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE, INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES
.\" OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL DIGITAL EQUIPMENT
.\" CORPORATION BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
.\" DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR
.\" PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS
.\" ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS
.\" SOFTWARE.
.\" -
.\" --Copyright--
.\"
.\" @(#)named.boot.primary 6.4 (Berkeley) 9/19/89
.\"
.ne 15v
.sh 3 "Boot Files"
.sh 4 "Primary Server"
.(b L
.TS
l.
;
; Boot file for Primary Name Server
;
.TE
.TS
l l l
l
l l l.
; type domain source file or host
;
directory /usr/local/adm/named
primary Berkeley\fB.\fPEdu ucbhosts
primary 32\fB.\fP128\fB.\fPin-addr\fB.\fParpa ucbhosts\fB.\fPrev
primary 0\fB.\fP0\fB.\fP127\fB.\fPin-addr\fB.\fParpa named\fB.\fPlocal
cache \fB.\fP root\fB.\fPcache
.TE
.)b

View File

@ -1,77 +0,0 @@
.\" ++Copyright++ 1986, 1988
.\" -
.\" Copyright (c) 1986, 1988
.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
.\"
.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
.\" are met:
.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
.\" must display the following acknowledgement:
.\" This product includes software developed by the University of
.\" California, Berkeley and its contributors.
.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
.\" without specific prior written permission.
.\"
.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
.\" -
.\" Portions Copyright (c) 1993 by Digital Equipment Corporation.
.\"
.\" Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any
.\" purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
.\" copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies, and that
.\" the name of Digital Equipment Corporation not be used in advertising or
.\" publicity pertaining to distribution of the document or software without
.\" specific, written prior permission.
.\"
.\" THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND DIGITAL EQUIPMENT CORP. DISCLAIMS ALL
.\" WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE, INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES
.\" OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL DIGITAL EQUIPMENT
.\" CORPORATION BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
.\" DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR
.\" PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS
.\" ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS
.\" SOFTWARE.
.\" -
.\" --Copyright--
.\"
.\" @(#)named.boot.secondary 6.4 (Berkeley) 9/19/89
.\"
.ne 12v
.sh 4 "Secondary Server"
.(b L
.TS
l.
;
; Boot file for Secondary Name Server
;
.TE
.TS
l l l
l
l l l.
; type domain source file or host
;
directory /usr/local/adm/named
secondary Berkeley\fB.\fPEdu 128\fB.\fP32\fB.\fP0\fB.\fP4 128\fB.\fP32\fB.\fP0\fB.\fP10 ucbhosts.bak
secondary 32\fB.\fP128\fB.\fPin-addr\fB.\fParpa 128\fB.\fP32\fB.\fP0\fB.\fP4 128\fB.\fP32\fB.\fP0\fB.\fP10 ucbhosts.rev.bak
primary 0\fB.\fP0\fB.\fP127\fB.\fPin-addr\fB.\fParpa named\fB.\fPlocal
cache \fB.\fP root\fB.\fPcache
.TE
.)b

View File

@ -1,75 +0,0 @@
.\" ++Copyright++ 1986, 1988
.\" -
.\" Copyright (c) 1986, 1988
.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
.\"
.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
.\" are met:
.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
.\" must display the following acknowledgement:
.\" This product includes software developed by the University of
.\" California, Berkeley and its contributors.
.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
.\" without specific prior written permission.
.\"
.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
.\" -
.\" Portions Copyright (c) 1993 by Digital Equipment Corporation.
.\"
.\" Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any
.\" purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
.\" copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies, and that
.\" the name of Digital Equipment Corporation not be used in advertising or
.\" publicity pertaining to distribution of the document or software without
.\" specific, written prior permission.
.\"
.\" THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND DIGITAL EQUIPMENT CORP. DISCLAIMS ALL
.\" WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE, INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES
.\" OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL DIGITAL EQUIPMENT
.\" CORPORATION BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
.\" DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR
.\" PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS
.\" ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS
.\" SOFTWARE.
.\" -
.\" --Copyright--
.\"
.\" @(#)named.local 6.3 (Berkeley) 5/24/89
.\"
.ne 13v
.sh 3 "named.local"
.(b L
.TS
l l l l l s.
@ IN SOA ucbvax\fB.\fPBerkeley\fB.\fPEdu. kjd\fB.\fPucbvax\fB.\fPBerkeley\fB.\fPEdu\fB.\fP (
.T&
l l l l l.
1994072100 ; Serial
10800 ; Refresh
1800 ; Retry
3600000 ; Expire
259200 ) ; Minimum
.T&
l l l l l s.
IN NS ucbvax\fB.\fPBerkeley\fB.\fPEdu\fB.\fP ; pedantic
1 IN PTR localhost\fB.\fP
.TE
.)b

View File

@ -1,96 +0,0 @@
.\" ++Copyright++ 1986, 1988
.\" -
.\" Copyright (c) 1986, 1988
.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
.\"
.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
.\" are met:
.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
.\" must display the following acknowledgement:
.\" This product includes software developed by the University of
.\" California, Berkeley and its contributors.
.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
.\" without specific prior written permission.
.\"
.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
.\" -
.\" Portions Copyright (c) 1993 by Digital Equipment Corporation.
.\"
.\" Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any
.\" purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
.\" copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies, and that
.\" the name of Digital Equipment Corporation not be used in advertising or
.\" publicity pertaining to distribution of the document or software without
.\" specific, written prior permission.
.\"
.\" THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND DIGITAL EQUIPMENT CORP. DISCLAIMS ALL
.\" WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE, INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES
.\" OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL DIGITAL EQUIPMENT
.\" CORPORATION BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
.\" DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR
.\" PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS
.\" ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS
.\" SOFTWARE.
.\" -
.\" --Copyright--
.\"
.\" @(#)ns.me 6.3 (Berkeley) 9/19/89
.\"
.sh 1 "The Name Service"
.pp
The basic function of the name server is to provide information about network
objects by answering queries. The specifications for this name server are
defined in RFC1034, RFC1035 and RFC974. These documents can be found in
\fI/usr/src/etc/named/doc\fP in 4.3BSD or \fIftp\fPed from
\fBftp.rs.internic.net\fP.
It is also recommended that you read the related manual pages,
\fInamed\fP\|(8),
\fIresolver\fP\|(3),
and \fIresolver\fP\|(5).
.pp
The advantage of using a name server over the host table lookup for host
name resolution is to avoid the need for a single centralized clearinghouse
for all names. The authority for this information can be delegated to the
different organizations on the network responsible for it.
.pp
The host table lookup routines require that the master file for the entire
network be maintained at a central location by a few people. This works
fine for small networks where there are only a few machines and the
different organizations responsible for them cooperate. But this does not
work well for large networks where machines cross organizational boundaries.
.pp
With the name server, the network can be broken into a hierarchy of domains.
The name space is organized as a tree according to organizational or
administrative boundaries.
Each node, called a \fIdomain\fP, is given a label, and the name of the
domain is the concatenation of all the labels of the domains from
the root to the current domain, listed from right to left separated by dots.
A label need only be unique within its domain.
The whole space is partitioned into several areas called \fIzones\fP,
each starting at a domain and extending down to the leaf domains or to
domains where other zones start.
Zones usually represent administrative boundaries.
An example of a host address for a host at the University of California,
Berkeley would look as follows:
.(b
\fImonet\fP\|\fB.\fP\|\fIBerkeley\fP\|\fB.\fP\|\fIEDU\fP
.)b
The top level domain for educational organizations is EDU;
Berkeley is a subdomain of EDU and monet is the name of the host.

View File

@ -1,67 +0,0 @@
.\" ++Copyright++ 1986, 1988
.\" -
.\" Copyright (c) 1986, 1988
.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
.\"
.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
.\" are met:
.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
.\" must display the following acknowledgement:
.\" This product includes software developed by the University of
.\" California, Berkeley and its contributors.
.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
.\" without specific prior written permission.
.\"
.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
.\" -
.\" Portions Copyright (c) 1993 by Digital Equipment Corporation.
.\"
.\" Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any
.\" purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
.\" copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies, and that
.\" the name of Digital Equipment Corporation not be used in advertising or
.\" publicity pertaining to distribution of the document or software without
.\" specific, written prior permission.
.\"
.\" THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND DIGITAL EQUIPMENT CORP. DISCLAIMS ALL
.\" WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE, INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES
.\" OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL DIGITAL EQUIPMENT
.\" CORPORATION BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
.\" DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR
.\" PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS
.\" ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS
.\" SOFTWARE.
.\" -
.\" --Copyright--
.\"
.\" @(#)resolv.conf 6.2 (Berkeley) 2/29/88
.\"
.ne 6v
.\" .bp
.sh 3 "Remote Server / DNS Client"
.sh 4 "/etc/resolv.conf"
.(b L
domain Berkeley\fB.\fPEdu
nameserver 128\fB.\fP32\fB.\fP0\fB.\fP4
nameserver 128\fB.\fP32\fB.\fP0\fB.\fP10
sortlist 130.155.160.0/255.255.240.0 130.155.0.0
.)b

View File

@ -1,102 +0,0 @@
.\" ++Copyright++ 1986, 1988
.\" -
.\" Copyright (c) 1986, 1988
.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
.\"
.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
.\" are met:
.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
.\" must display the following acknowledgement:
.\" This product includes software developed by the University of
.\" California, Berkeley and its contributors.
.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
.\" without specific prior written permission.
.\"
.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
.\" -
.\" Portions Copyright (c) 1993 by Digital Equipment Corporation.
.\"
.\" Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any
.\" purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
.\" copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies, and that
.\" the name of Digital Equipment Corporation not be used in advertising or
.\" publicity pertaining to distribution of the document or software without
.\" specific, written prior permission.
.\"
.\" THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND DIGITAL EQUIPMENT CORP. DISCLAIMS ALL
.\" WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE, INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES
.\" OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL DIGITAL EQUIPMENT
.\" CORPORATION BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
.\" DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR
.\" PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS
.\" ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS
.\" SOFTWARE.
.\" -
.\" --Copyright--
.\"
.\" @(#)root.cache 6.4 (Berkeley) 4/29/90
.\"
.ne 38v
.sh 3 "root.cache"
.(b L
;
; This file holds the information on root name servers needed to
; initialize cache of Internet domain name servers
; (e.g. reference this file in the "cache . <file>"
; configuration file of BIND domain name servers).
;
; This file is made available by InterNIC registration services
; under anonymous FTP as
; file /domain/named.root
; on server FTP.RS.INTERNIC.NET
; -OR- under Gopher at RS.INTERNIC.NET
; under menu InterNIC Registration Services (NSI)
; submenu InterNIC Registration Archives
; file named.root
;
; last update: Oct 5, 1994
; related version of root zone: 1994100500
;
.TS
l l l l l.
\fB.\fP 604800 IN NS NS\fB.\fPINTERNIC\fB.\fPNET\fB.\fP
NS\fB.\fPINTERNIC\fB.\fPNET\fB.\fP 604800 IN A 198\fB.\fP41\fB.\fP0\fB.\fP4
\fB.\fP 604800 IN NS NS1\fB.\fPISI\fB.\fPEDU\fB.\fP
NS1\fB.\fPISI\fB.\fPEDU\fB.\fP 604800 IN A 128\fB.\fP9\fB.\fP0\fB.\fP107
\fB.\fP 604800 IN NS C\fB.\fPPSI\fB.\fPNET\fB.\fP
C\fB.\fPPSI\fB.\fPNET\fB.\fP 604800 IN A 192\fB.\fP33\fB.\fP4\fB.\fP12
\fB.\fP 604800 IN NS TERP\fB.\fPUMD\fB.\fPEDU\fB.\fP
TERP\fB.\fPUMD\fB.\fPEDU\fB.\fP 604800 IN A 128\fB.\fP8\fB.\fP10\fB.\fP90
\fB.\fP 604800 IN NS NS\fB.\fPNASA\fB.\fPGOV\fB.\fP
NS\fB.\fPNASA\fB.\fPGOV\fB.\fP 604800 IN A 128\fB.\fP102\fB.\fP16\fB.\fP10
604800 IN A 192\fB.\fP52\fB.\fP195\fB.\fP10
\fB.\fP 604800 IN NS NS\fB.\fPISC\fB.\fPORG\fB.\fP
NS\fB.\fPISC\fB.\fPORG\fB.\fP 604800 IN A 192\fB.\fP5\fB.\fP5\fB.\fP241
\fB.\fP 604800 IN NS NS\fB.\fPNIC\fB.\fPDDN\fB.\fPMIL\fB.\fP
NS\fB.\fPNIC\fB.\fPDDN\fB.\fPMIL\fB.\fP 604800 IN A 192\fB.\fP112\fB.\fP36\fB.\fP4
\fB.\fP 604800 IN NS AOS\fB.\fPARL\fB.\fPARMY\fB.\fPMIL\fB.\fP
AOS\fB.\fPARL\fB.\fPARMY\fB.\fPMIL\fB.\fP 604800 IN A 128\fB.\fP63\fB.\fP4\fB.\fP82
604800 IN A 192\fB.\fP5\fB.\fP25\fB.\fP82
\fB.\fP 604800 IN NS NIC\fB.\fPNORDU\fB.\fPNET\fB.\fP
NIC\fB.\fPNORDU\fB.\fPNET\fB.\fP 604800 IN A 192\fB.\fP36\fB.\fP148\fB.\fP17
.TE
; End of File
.)b

View File

@ -1,88 +0,0 @@
.\" ++Copyright++ 1986, 1988
.\" -
.\" Copyright (c) 1986, 1988
.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
.\"
.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
.\" are met:
.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
.\" must display the following acknowledgement:
.\" This product includes software developed by the University of
.\" California, Berkeley and its contributors.
.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
.\" without specific prior written permission.
.\"
.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
.\" -
.\" Portions Copyright (c) 1993 by Digital Equipment Corporation.
.\"
.\" Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any
.\" purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
.\" copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies, and that
.\" the name of Digital Equipment Corporation not be used in advertising or
.\" publicity pertaining to distribution of the document or software without
.\" specific, written prior permission.
.\"
.\" THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND DIGITAL EQUIPMENT CORP. DISCLAIMS ALL
.\" WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE, INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES
.\" OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL DIGITAL EQUIPMENT
.\" CORPORATION BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
.\" DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR
.\" PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS
.\" ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS
.\" SOFTWARE.
.\" -
.\" --Copyright--
.\"
.\" @(#)setup.me 6.4 (Berkeley) 9/19/89
.\"
.sh 1 "Setting up Your Own Domain"
.pp
When setting up a domain that is going to be on a public network the site
administrator should contact the organization in charge of the network and
request the appropriate domain registration form. An organization that
belongs to multiple networks (such as the \fIInternet\fP and
\fIBITNET\fP) should register with only one network.
.sh 2 "Internet"
.pp
Sites on the Internet who need information on setting up a domain should
contact the registrar for their network, which is one of the following:
.TS
l l.
MILnet \s-1HOSTMASTER\s+1@\s-1NIC\s+1\fB\|.\|\fP\s-1DDN\s+1\fB\|.\|\fP\s-1MIL\s+1
other \s-1HOSTMASTER\s+1@\s-1INTERNIC\s+1\fB\|.\|\fP\s-1NET\s+1
.TE
You may also want to be placed on the \s-1BIND\s+1 mailing list, which is a
mail group for people on the Internet who run \s-1BIND\s+1. The group
discusses future design decisions, operational problems, and other related
topic. The address to request being placed on this mailing list is:
.(b l
\fIbind-request\|@\|uunet\fP\fB\|.\|\fP\fIuu\fP\fB\|.\|\fP\fInet\fP
.)b
.sh 2 "Subdomains of Existing Domains"
.pp
If you want a subdomain of some existing domain, you should find the contact
point for the parent domain rather than asking one of the above top-level
registrars. There should be a convention that \fBregistrar\fP@\fIdomain\fP
or \fBhostmaster\fP@\fIdomain\fP for any given domain will always be an alias
for that domain's registrar (somewhat analogous to \fBpostmaster\fP), but
there is no such convention. Try it as a last resort, but first you should
examine the \fISOA\fP record for the domain and send mail to the ``responsible
person'' shown therein. You can also try \fIwhois\fP.

View File

@ -1,163 +0,0 @@
.\" ++Copyright++ 1986, 1988, 1995
.\" -
.\" Copyright (c) 1986, 1988, 1995
.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
.\"
.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
.\" are met:
.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
.\" must display the following acknowledgement:
.\" This product includes software developed by the University of
.\" California, Berkeley and its contributors.
.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
.\" without specific prior written permission.
.\"
.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
.\" -
.\" Portions Copyright (c) 1993 by Digital Equipment Corporation.
.\"
.\" Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any
.\" purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
.\" copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies, and that
.\" the name of Digital Equipment Corporation not be used in advertising or
.\" publicity pertaining to distribution of the document or software without
.\" specific, written prior permission.
.\"
.\" THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND DIGITAL EQUIPMENT CORP. DISCLAIMS ALL
.\" WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE, INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES
.\" OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL DIGITAL EQUIPMENT
.\" CORPORATION BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
.\" DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR
.\" PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS
.\" ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS
.\" SOFTWARE.
.\" -
.\" --Copyright--
.\"
.\" @(#)types.me 6.3 (Berkeley) 9/19/89
.\"
.sh 1 "Types of Zones"
.pp
A ``zone'' is a point of delegation in the DNS tree. It contains all names
from a certain point ``downward'' except those which are delegated to other
zones. A ``delegation point'' has one or more \fINS\fP records in the
``parent zone'', which should be matched by equivalent \fINS\fP records at
the root of the ``delegated zone'' (i.e., the ``@'' name in the zone file).
.pp
Understanding the difference between a ``zone'' and a ``domain'' is crucial
to the proper operation of a name server. As an example, consider the
\s-1DEC.COM\s+1 \fIdomain\fP, which includes names such as
\s-1POBOX1.PA.DEC.COM\s+1 and \s-1QUABBIN.CRL.DEC.COM\s+1 even though
the \s-1DEC.COM\s+1 \fIzone\fP includes only \fIdelegations\fP for the
\s-1PA.DEC.COM\s+1 and \s-1CRL.DEC.COM\s+1 zones. A zone can map exactly
to a single domain, but could also include only part of a domain (the rest
of which could be delegated to other name servers). Technically speaking,
every name in the DNS tree is a ``domain'', even if it is ``terminal'', that
is, has no ``subdomains''. Technically speaking, every subdomain is a domain
and every domain except the root is also a subdomain. The terminology is not
intuitive and you would do well to read RFC's 1033, 1034, and 1035 to gain a
complete understanding of this difficult and subtle topic.
.pp
Though \s-1BIND\s+1 is a \fIDomain\fP Name Server, it deals primarily in terms
of \fIzones\fP. The \fIprimary\fP and \fIsecondary\fP declarations in the
\fInamed.boot\fP file specify \fIzones\fP, not \fIdomains\fP. When you ask
someone if they are willing to be a secondary server for your ``domain'', you
are actually asking for secondary service for some collection of \fIzones\fP.
.pp
Each zone will have one ``primary'' server, which loads the zone contents
from some local file which is edited by humans or perhaps generated
mechanically from some other local file which is edited by humans. Then
there will be some number of ``secondary'' servers, which load the zone
contents using the \s-1IP/DNS\s+1 protocol (that is, the secondary servers will
contact the primary and fetch the zone using \s-1IP/TCP\s+1). This set of
servers (the primary and all of the secondaries) should be listed in the
\fINS\fP records in the parent zone, which will constitute a ``delegation''.
This set of servers must also be listed in the zone file itself, usually
under the ``@'' name which is a magic cookie that means the ``top level''
or ``root'' of current zone. You can list servers in the zone's
top-level ``@'' \fINS\fP records that are not in the parent's \fINS\fP
delegation, but you cannot list servers in the parent's delegation that are
not present in the zone's ``@''. Any servers listed in the \fINS\fP records
must be configured as authoritative (either primary or secondary) for the
zone. If a server listed in a \fINS\fP record is not authoritative, it
will respond with a ``lame delegation'' when queried.
.sh 1 "Types of Servers"
.pp
Servers do not really have ``types''. A server can be a primary for some
zones and a secondary for others, or it can be only a primary, or only a
secondary, or it can serve no zones and just answer queries via its ``cache''.
Previous versions of this document referred to servers as ``master'' and
``slave'' but we now feel that those distinctions \(em and the assignment of
a ``type'' to a name server \(em are not useful.
.sh 2 "Caching Only Server"
.pp
All servers are caching servers. This means that the server caches the
information that it receives for use until the data expires. A \fICaching
Only Server\fP is a server that is not authoritative for any zone. This
server services queries and asks other servers, who have the authority, for
the information needed. All servers keep data in their cache until the data
expires, based on a \fITTL\fP (``Time To Live'') field which is maintained
for all resource records.
.sh 2 "Remote Server"
.pp
A Remote Server is an option given to people who would like to use
a name server from their workstation or on a machine that has a limited
amount of memory and CPU cycles.
With this option you can run all of the networking programs that use
the name server without the name server running on the local machine.
All of the queries are serviced by a name server that is running on another
machine on the network.
A host which has an
\fI/etc/resolv.conf\fP file listing only remote hosts, and which does not
run a name server of its own, is sometimes called a Remote Server (because
the actual server is remote?) but more
often it is called simply a DNS Client.
This kind of host is technically not a ``server'',
since it has no cache and does not answer queries.
.sh 2 "Slave Server"
.pp
A Slave Server is a server that always forwards queries it cannot
satisfy from its cache, to a fixed list of \fIforwarding\fP servers
instead of interacting
with the name servers for the root and other domains.
The queries to the \fIforwarding servers\fP are recursive queries.
There may be one or more forwarding servers, and they are tried in turn
until the list is exhausted.
A Slave and forwarder configuration is typically used when you do not
wish all the servers at a given site to interact with the rest
of the Internet servers. A typical scenario would involve a number of
workstations and a departmental timesharing machine with Internet
access. The workstations might be
administratively prohibited from having Internet access.
To give the workstations the appearance of access to the Internet
domain system, the workstations could be Slave servers to the timesharing
machine which would forward the queries and interact with other
name servers to resolve the query before returning the answer.
An added benefit of using the forwarding feature is that the central
machine develops a much more complete cache of information that
all the workstations can take advantage of. The use of Slave mode
and forwarding is discussed further under the description of
the \fInamed\fP bootfile commands.
.pp
There is no prohibition against declaring a server to be a \fIslave\fP
even though it has \fIprimary\fP and/or \fIsecondary\fP zones as well;
the effect will still be that anything in the local server's cache or
zones will be answered, and anything else will be forwarded using the
\fIforwarders\fP list.

View File

@ -1,118 +0,0 @@
.\" ++Copyright++ 1986, 1988
.\" -
.\" Copyright (c) 1986, 1988
.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
.\"
.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
.\" are met:
.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
.\" must display the following acknowledgement:
.\" This product includes software developed by the University of
.\" California, Berkeley and its contributors.
.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
.\" without specific prior written permission.
.\"
.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
.\" -
.\" Portions Copyright (c) 1993 by Digital Equipment Corporation.
.\"
.\" Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any
.\" purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
.\" copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies, and that
.\" the name of Digital Equipment Corporation not be used in advertising or
.\" publicity pertaining to distribution of the document or software without
.\" specific, written prior permission.
.\"
.\" THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND DIGITAL EQUIPMENT CORP. DISCLAIMS ALL
.\" WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE, INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES
.\" OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL DIGITAL EQUIPMENT
.\" CORPORATION BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
.\" DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR
.\" PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS
.\" ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS
.\" SOFTWARE.
.\" -
.\" --Copyright--
.\"
.\" @(#)ucbhosts 6.3 (Berkeley) 2/8/89
.\"
.\" .ne 48v
.\" .bp
.sh 3 "Hosts"
.(b L
;
; @(#)ucb-hosts 1.2 (berkeley) 88/02/05
;
.TS
l l l l l s.
@ IN SOA ucbvax\fB.\fPBerkeley\fB.\fPEdu\fB.\fP kjd\fB.\fPmonet\fB.\fPBerkeley\fB.\fPEdu\fB.\fP (
.T&
l l l l l.
1988020501 ; Serial
10800 ; Refresh
1800 ; Retry
3600000 ; Expire
259200 ) ; Minimum
.T&
l l l l s.
IN NS ucbarpa\fB.\fPBerkeley\fB.\fPEdu\fB.\fP
IN NS ucbvax\fB.\fPBerkeley\fB.\fPEdu\fB.\fP
localhost IN A 127\fB.\fP1
; note that 127.1 is the same as 127.0.0.1; see inet(3n)
ucbarpa IN A 128\fB.\fP32\fB.\fP4
IN A 10\fB.\fP0\fB.\fP0\fB.\fP78
IN HINFO VAX-11/780 UNIX
arpa IN CNAME ucbarpa
ernie IN A 128\fB.\fP32\fB.\fP6
IN HINFO VAX-11/780 UNIX
ucbernie IN CNAME ernie
monet IN A 128\fB.\fP32\fB.\fP7
IN A 128\fB.\fP32\fB.\fP130\fB.\fP6
IN HINFO VAX-11/750 UNIX
ucbmonet IN CNAME monet
ucbvax IN A 10\fB.\fP2\fB.\fP0\fB.\fP78
; 128.32.10 means 128.32.0.10; see inet(3n)
IN A 128\fB.\fP32\fB.\fP10
; HINFO and WKS are widely unused,
; but we'll show them as examples.
IN HINFO VAX-11/750 UNIX
IN WKS 128.32.0.10 TCP ( echo telnet
discard sunrpc sftp
uucp-path systat daytime
netstat qotd nntp
link chargen ftp
auth time whhois mtp
pop rje finger smtp
supdup hostnames
domain
nameserver )
vax IN CNAME ucbvax
toybox IN A 128\fB.\fP32\fB.\fP131\fB.\fP119
IN HINFO Pro350 RT11
toybox IN MX 0 monet.Berkeley.Edu.
csrg IN MX 0 Ralph.CS
IN MX 0 Zhou.CS
IN MX 0 Painter.CS
IN MX 0 Riggle.CS
IN MX 0 Terry.CS
IN MX 0 Kevin.CS
.TE
.)b
.\" .bp

View File

@ -1,86 +0,0 @@
.\" ++Copyright++ 1986, 1988
.\" -
.\" Copyright (c) 1986, 1988
.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
.\"
.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
.\" are met:
.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
.\" must display the following acknowledgement:
.\" This product includes software developed by the University of
.\" California, Berkeley and its contributors.
.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
.\" without specific prior written permission.
.\"
.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
.\" -
.\" Portions Copyright (c) 1993 by Digital Equipment Corporation.
.\"
.\" Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any
.\" purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
.\" copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies, and that
.\" the name of Digital Equipment Corporation not be used in advertising or
.\" publicity pertaining to distribution of the document or software without
.\" specific, written prior permission.
.\"
.\" THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND DIGITAL EQUIPMENT CORP. DISCLAIMS ALL
.\" WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE, INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES
.\" OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL DIGITAL EQUIPMENT
.\" CORPORATION BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
.\" DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR
.\" PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS
.\" ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS
.\" SOFTWARE.
.\" -
.\" --Copyright--
.\"
.\" @(#)ucbhosts.rev 6.3 (Berkeley) 9/19/89
.\"
.ne 22v
.sh 3 "host.rev"
.(b L
;
; @(#)ucb-hosts.rev 1.1 (Berkeley) 86/02/05
;
.TS
l l l l l s.
@ IN SOA ucbvax\fB.\fPBerkeley\fB.\fPEdu\fB.\fP kjd\fB.\fPmonet\fB.\fPBerkeley\fB.\fPEdu\fB.\fP (
.T&
l l l l l.
1986020501 ; Serial
10800 ; Refresh
1800 ; Retry
3600000 ; Expire
259200 ) ; Minimum
.T&
l l l l s.
IN NS ucbarpa\fB.\fPBerkeley\fB.\fPEdu\fB.\fP
IN NS ucbvax\fB.\fPBerkeley\fB.\fPEdu\fB.\fP
0\fB.\fP0 IN PTR Berkeley-net\fB.\fPBerkeley\fB.\fPEDU\fB.\fP
IN A 255\fB.\fP255\fB.\fP255\fB.\fP0
0\fB.\fP130 IN PTR csdiv-net\fB.\fPBerkeley\fB.\fPEDU\fB.\fP
4\fB.\fP0 IN PTR ucbarpa\fB.\fPBerkeley\fB.\fPEdu\fB.\fP
6\fB.\fP0 IN PTR ernie\fB.\fPBerkeley\fB.\fPEdu\fB.\fP
7\fB.\fP0 IN PTR monet\fB.\fPBerkeley\fB.\fPEdu\fB.\fP
10\fB.\fP0 IN PTR ucbvax\fB.\fPBerkeley\fB.\fPEdu\fB.\fP
6\fB.\fP130 IN PTR monet\fB.\fPBerkeley\fB.\fPEdu\fB.\fP
.TE
.)b

View File

@ -1,51 +0,0 @@
/*
* We need a registy of name server addresses. For each, we retain an RTT
* and a list of name server names which have used this address.
*/
tree_t *by_nsaddr;
struct by_nsaddr {
u_int32_t rtt; /* measured. */
char **names; /* NULL terminated array; strdup'd. */
};
/*
* "struct server" is a name server, which can have many addresses. There
* is no central registry of servers, since each creator can have a different
* idea of what the addresses are.
*/
struct server {
char *name; /* made with strdup. */
struct sockaddr_in *addrs; /* counted array. */
int n_addrs; /* array size. */
};
/*
* "struct zone" is a zone cut.
*/
tree_t *by_class; /* zone[class]. */
struct zone {
enum {master, slave, cache, boot}
type;
/* Servers learned from boot cache, a parent zone, or !auth answer. */
struct server *servers_notauth;
/* Servers learned from authoritative answer or local zone. */
struct server *servers_auth;
/* Root node of zone. */
struct node *root;
};
struct node {
char *label; /* made with strdup. */
tree_t *subs; /* subdomains (node[label]). */
/* really this is "data" since for the zone cut tree we have no sets.*/
tree_t *rrsets; /* rr sets (rrset[type]). */
};
struct rrset {
rrtype type;
u_int32_t ttl;
u_char data[1]; /* struct size constrains this. */
};

View File

@ -1,184 +0,0 @@
/*
* Copyright (c) 1996,1999 by Internet Software Consortium.
*
* Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any
* purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
* copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.
*
* THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND INTERNET SOFTWARE CONSORTIUM DISCLAIMS
* ALL WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES
* OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL INTERNET SOFTWARE
* CONSORTIUM BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
* DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR
* PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS
* ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS
* SOFTWARE.
*/
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/param.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <arpa/nameser.h>
#include <ctype.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <resolv.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include "named.h"
#include "tree.h"
struct node {
struct node *parent; /* NULL for "."'s node. */
tree *children; /* Nodes using us as parent. */
/*void *userdata;*/ /* For future use. */
char name[sizeof(void*)]; /* Open array. */
};
static struct node rootNode;
static int
nodeCompare(t1, t2)
const tree_t t1, t2;
{
const char *n1 = ((struct node *)t1)->name + sizeof(u_char),
*n2 = ((struct node *)t2)->name + sizeof(u_char);
return (strcasecmp(n1, n2));
}
/* void *
* db_findname(const char *name, int storeflag)
* find or store a presentation format domain name.
* returns:
* NULL if an error occurred (check errno)
* else, node's unique, opaque address.
*/
void *
db_findname(name, storeflag)
const char *name;
int storeflag;
{
struct node *node, *tnode;
const char *tname;
size_t len;
int ch;
/* The root domain has its own static node. */
if (name[0] == '\0')
return (&rootNode);
/* Locate the end of the first label. */
for (tname = name; (ch = *tname) != '\0'; tname++) {
/* Is this the end of the first label? */
if (ch == '.')
break;
/* Is it an escaped character? */
if (ch == '\\') {
ch = *++tname;
if (ch == '\0')
break;
}
}
/* Make sure the label's length will fit in our length byte. */
len = tname - name;
if (len > 255) {
errno = ENAMETOOLONG;
return (NULL);
}
/* If nothing but unescaped dots after this, elide them. */
while (ch == '.')
ch = *tname++;
/*
* Make a new node since the comparison function needs it
* and we may yet end up adding it to our parent's tree.
*
* Note that by recursing for tnode->parent, we might be
* creating our parents and grandparents and so on.
*/
tnode = (struct node *)malloc(sizeof(struct node) - sizeof(void *)
+ sizeof(u_char) + len + sizeof(char));
tnode->parent = db_findname(tname);
tnode->children = NULL;
*((u_char *)tnode->name) = (u_char)len;
memcpy(tnode->name + sizeof(u_char), name, len);
tnode->name[sizeof(u_char) + len] = '\0';
/* If our first label isn't in our parent's tree, put it there. */
node = tree_srch(&tnode->parent->children, nodeCompare, (tree_t)tnode);
if (node == NULL)
if (storeflag)
if (tree_add(&tnode->parent->children, nodeCompare,
(tree_t)tnode, NULL))
node = tnode, tnode = NULL;
else
errno = ENOMEM;
else
errno = ENOENT;
/* Get rid of tnode if we didn't consume it. */
if (tnode != NULL)
free(tnode);
/* Return the (possibly new) node, or NULL, as appropriate. */
return (node);
}
/* int
* db_getname(void *node, char *name, size_t size)
* given a node's unique, opaque address, format its name.
* returns:
* -1 = error occurred, check errno
* 0 = success
*/
int
db_getname(vnode, name, size)
const void *vnode;
char *name;
size_t size;
{
const struct node *node = vnode;
while (node != NULL) {
size_t len = (size_t)node->name[0];
if (size < len + 1)
goto too_long;
memcpy(name, node->name + sizeof(u_char), len);
name += len;
*name++ = '.';
size -= len + sizeof(char);
node = node->parent;
}
if (size < sizeof(char)) {
too_long:
errno = ENAMETOOLONG;
return (-1);
}
*name = '\0';
return (0);
}
/*
* char *
* db_makename(void *node)
* given a node's unique, opaque address, format and return its name.
* returns:
* pointer to the name or NULL on errors (check errno).
* notes:
* returns pointer to a static buffer, be careful how you call it.
*/
char *
db_makename(vnode)
void *vnode;
{
static char name[MAXDNAME*2];
if (db_getname(vnode, name, sizeof name) < 0)
return (NULL);
return (name);
}

View File

@ -1,521 +0,0 @@
IRP Commands
This document describes version 1 of IRP.
IRP is a text-based command/response protocol like NNTP or SMTP.
1.0 Response types: textual and status.
1.1 Textual responses
Textual responses are sent after a status response which indicates the text
will follow. The text is a series of CR-LF terminated lines. On the last line a
single period ``.'' will appear. If a normal text line starts with a period
then this will be doubled before sending.
There is no maximum line length for responses. Commands have a maximum line
length of 1024 characters.
The lines that make up the transmitted data are divided into fields. The fields
are spearated by the colon character ``:'', except in one case (for host data)
where the at-sign ``@'' is used instead. Some fields, such as alias names for
hosts, can have multiple values, and these values are separated by commas.
Most transmission of data requires no special character changes. The field
separators and subfield separators don't normally appear in the data. However
in one case they can (network names). So to avoid trouble, all ``special''
characters found in any data fields are encoded in URL-encoding form. That is
they are replaced with the 3-character sequence ``%xx'', where xx is the
hexidecimal value of the ascii-code for the chatacter. i,e, ``:'' becomes
``%58'', ``,'' becomes ``%44'' and ``%'' becomes ``%37''.
For version 1 of IRP the set of special characters for purposes of encoding,
is:
`,', '%', ':', '@'
In a couple cases (password structure and group structure), there may be
encrypted passwords as part of the data. If the client is a privileged user
that the server can verify (e.g. through the use of SunOS doors(2)), then the
encrypted password will be sent back to the client. If the client is not
privileged the password will be replaced with the string ``*''.
1.2 Status responses.
Status responses follow a numbering pattern similar to NNTP.
1xx - Informative message
2xx - Command ok
3xx - Command ok so far, send the rest of it.
4xx - Command was correct, but couldn't be performed for
some reason.
5xx - Command unimplemented, or incorrect, or a serious
program error occurred.
The next digit in the code indicates the function response category.
x0x - Connection, setup, and miscellaneous messages
x1x - Host lookup
x2x - Network lookup
x3x - User lookup
x4x - Group lookup
x5x - Service lookup
x6x - Protocol lookup
x7x - Netgroup lookup
x8x - Misc. Information Lookup
x9x - Debugging output
The final digit in the code indicates whether textual data follows
xx0 - No textual data follows.
xx1 - Textual data follows.
2.0 Connection Establishment
When the client connects to the server, the server will issue a welcome
banner. If the server will accetp commands, then the banner will start with
a status code indicating this, followed by a version number of the protocol
it accepts. Other words may come on the line afterwards to indicate to
humans the state of the server,
If the server wont accept commands then it will issue a banner indicating
that and will then drop the connection.
2.1 Responses
200 1 Ready to go. ; note: The server handles version 1 of the protocol
200 2 Ready ; note: The server handles version 2 of the protocol
400 Sorry. Down to due to nightly backups.
3.0 Commands
3.1 The HOST commands
3.1.1 GETHOSTBYNAME hostname
3.1.2 GETHOSTBYNAME2 hostname address-family
3.1.2 GETHOSTBYADDR address address-family
3.1.3 GETHOSTENT
Returns a textual response containing the information for the given host(s)
(a struct hostent) encoded in an ascii format. gethostbyaddr and
gethostbyname look up a specific host. GETHOSTENT returns the contents
of the /etc/hosts file. The GETHOSTENT command is optional may not be
supported by the server. The address-family paramater is the value
"AF_INET" or "AF_INET6"
{ XXX GETHOSTENT is optional as the gethostent(3) call isn't always available }
3.1.4 Responses
210 No such host
211 Host found
If the hostname given as the command argument doesn't exist, then the 210
response will be returned. If the host is successfully looked up, then the
211 response is sent and a textual message is sent after. The textual
message contains the host information encoded in an ascii form. The fields
of the host data are separated by at-signs. Fields that have multiple values
(like the aliases field) have their sub values separated by commas.
hostname@aliases@address-type@address-length@address-list@
- hostname is the FQDN of the host.
- aliases is a comma separated list of FQDNs for the host aliases.
- address-type is either the strings "AF_INET" or "AF_INET6"
- address-length is the length of each address in bytes (after conversion
back to binary form).
- address-list is a comma separated list of dotted IPv4 if IPv6 addresses.
{ XXX if we're going to include TTLs where should they go? Perhaps the
address-list field should be "addr/ttl,addr/ttl,..." }
For example:
C: GETHOSTBYNAME gw.downtown.vix.com
S: 210 No such host.
C: GETHOSTBYNAME gw.home.vix.com
S: 211 OK
gw.home.vix.com@ftp.vix.com,www.vix.com@AF_INET@4@192.5.5.1,192.5.5.1@
.
C: GETHOSTBYNAME2 gw.home.vix.com AF_INET6
gw.home.vix.com@@AF_INET6@ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:255.255.255.255@
.
C: GETHOSTBYADDR 192.5.5.1
S: 211 OK
gw.home.vix.com@ftp.vix.com,www.vix.com@AF_INET@4@192.5.5.1,192.5.5.1@
.
C: GETHOSTENT
S: 211 OK
gw.home.vix.com@ftp.vix.com,www.vix.com@AF_INET@4@192.5.5.1,192.5.5.1@
data.pa.vix.com@@AF_INET@4@204.152.184.37@
.
3.2 The USER commands.
3.2.1 GETPWNAM username
3.2.2 GETPWUID uid
3.2.3 GETPWENT
Returns a textual response with the user information (a struct passwd)
enocoded in an ascii format. The optional GETPWENT command transmits the
entire /etc/password file
{ XXX It's optional only cause it doesn't seem right to spit the password out
to whoever wants it, even with encrypted passwords not being sent }
3.2.4 Reponses
230 No such user
231 User found
If the username or uid given as the command argument doesn't exist, then
the 230 response will be returned. If the user is successfully looked up,
then the 231 response is sent and a textual message is sent after. The
textual message contains the user information encoded in an ascii form. The
fields of the user data are separated by colons. The format is very similar
to the /etc/password format (see passwd(5))
username:password:uid:gid:class:change:expire:gecos:home_dir:shell:
- username is the user's login name
- password User's encrypted password (or the string "*" if the client is
unprivileged)
- uid User's numeric id.
- gid User's numeric login group id.
- class User's general classification (a string)
- change Password change time (integer seconds from epoch)
- expire Account expiration time (integer seconds from epoch)
- gecos General information about the user.
- home_dir User's home directory.
- shell User's login shell.
For example. Client being a non-privileged user:
C: GETPWNAM brister
S: 231 User found
brister:*:1364:100:James Brister:/udir/brister:/bin/csh:
.
C: GETPWUID 6
games:*:7:13:Games Pseudo-user:/usr/games:nologin
.
S: GETPWENT
root:*:0:0:System Administrator:/root:/bin/csh
postmast:*:4:4:Postmaster:/:/nologin
daemon:*:1:1:System Daemon:/:nologin
sys:*:2:2:Operating System:/tmp:nologin
bin:*:3:7:BSDI Software:/usr/bsdi:nologin
operator:*:5:5:System Operator:/usr/opr:/bin/csh
uucp:*:6:6:UNIX-to-UNIX Copy:/var/spool/uucppublic:/usr/libexec/uucico
.
If a priviled user looks up a username:
C: GETPWNAM www
S: 231 User found
www:WZajcgFCaAd8s:51:84::0:0:WWW-server:/var/www:/bin/sh
.
3.3 The NETWORK commands
3.3.1 GETNETBYNAME network
3.3.2 GETNETBYADDR dotted-ip-address address-family
3.3.4 GETNETENT
Returns a textual response with the network information (an IRS struct
nwent, *not* a struct netent) enocoded in an ascii format. The optionally
supported GETNETENT command transmits the entire /etc/networks file
{ XXX should it be optional? }
3.2.4 Reponses
220 No such network
221 Netork found
If the network given as the command argument doesn't exist, then the 220
response will be returned. If the network is successfully looked up, then
the 221 response is sent and a textual message is sent after. The textual
message contains the network information encoded in an ascii form. The fields
of the network data are separated by colons.
network-name:aliases:address-type:address-length:network-address:
- network-name is the name of the network
- aliases is a comma separated list of aliases for the network
- address-type is ``AF_INET'' or ``AF_INET6''.
- address-length is the number of bits the following network address uses.
- address is the network address in a dotted ascii format. AF_INET address
are padded with 0 bits to the full 32 bits before conversion to ascii for
transmission. AF_INET6 addresses are padded to the full 128 bits with 0
bits before conversion.
For example:
C: GETNETBYNAME vixie-net
S: 221 Network found
vixie-net::AF_INET:24:192.5.5.0:
.
C: GETNETBYADDR 10.0.0.1
S: 221 Network found
private-net:home-net,upstairs-net:AF_INET:8:10.0.0.0:
.
C: GETNETENT
S: 221 OK
vixie-net::AF_INET:24:192.5.5.0:
private-net:home-net,upstairs-net:AF_INET:8:10.0.0.0:
lookback-net::AF_INET:8:127.0.0.0
.
3.4 The GROUP commands
3.4.1 GETGRNAM group
3.4.2 GETGRGID gid
3.4.3 GETGRENT
Returns a textual response with the group information (a struct group)
enocoded in an ascii format. The optionally supported GETGRENT command
transmits the entire /etc/group file.
3.4.4 Reponses
240 No such group
241 Group found
If the group given as the command argument doesn't exist, then the 240
response will be returned. If the group is successfully looked up, then
the 241 response is sent and a textual message is sent after. The textual
message contains the group information encoded in an ascii form. The fields
of the group data are separated by colons.
group-name:group-password:group-gid:group-members:
- group-name is the name of the group.
- group-password is the group's password. This will be correct if the
client has appropriate privileges (see discussion above on the USER
commands). Otherwise it will be the string ``*''
- group-gid is the numeric id for the group
- group-members is a comma separated list of usernames for all the members
of the group.
For example:
C: GETGRNAM wheel
S: 241 Group found
wheel:*:0:root,brister,nathalie,tester:
C: GETGRGID 20
S: 241 Group found
staff:*:20:root,brister:
C: GETGRENT
S: 241 OK
wheel:*:0:root,brister,nathalie,tester:
daemon:*:1:daemon:
kmem:*:2:root:
sys:*:3:root:
tty:*:4:root:
operator:*:5:root:
uucp:*:6:brister:
bin:*:7::
news:*:8:brister:
utmp:*:12::
games:*:13::
mail:*:14::
staff:*:20:root,brister:
.
3.5 The SERVICE commands
3.5.1 GETSERVBYNAME name protocol
3.5.2 GETSERVBYPORT port protocol
3.5.3 GETSERVENT
Returns a textual response with the service information (a struct servent)
enocoded in an ascii format. The optionally supported GETSERVENT command
transmits the entire /etc/services file.
3.5.4 Reponses
250 No such service
251 Group found
If the group given as the command argument doesn't exist, then the 250
response will be returned. If the service is successfully looked up, then
the 251 response is sent and a textual message is sent after. The textual
message contains the service information encoded in an ascii form. The fields
of the service data are separated by colons.
service-name:aliases:port-number:protocol:
- The service name is the offical name of the services.
- aliases is a comma separated list of aliases for the service.
- port-number is the decimal number of the port used for the service.
- protocol is the name of the protocol the service operates under. Usually
either ``TCP'' or ``UCP''
For example:
C: GETSERVBYNAME nntp tcp
S: 251 Service found
nntp:readnews,untp:119:tcp:
.
C: GETSERVBYPORT 514 udp
syslog::514:ucp:
.
C: GETSERVENT
251 OK
tcpmux::1:tcp:
echo::7:tcp:
echo::7:udp:
discard:sink,null:9:tcp:
discard:sink,null:9:udp:
systat:users:11:tcp:
systat:users:11:udp:
daytime::13:tcp:
daytime::13:udp:
netstat::15:tcp:
qotd:quote:17:tcp:
qotd:quote:17:udp:
.
3.6 The PROTOCOL commands
3.6.1 GETPROTOBYNAME protocol-name
3.6.2 GETPROTOBYNUMBER protocol-number
3.6.3 GETPROTOENT
Returns a textual response with the protocol information (a struct protoent)
enocoded in an ascii format. The optionally supported GETPROTOENT command
transmits the entire /etc/protocols file.
3.6.4 Reponses
260 No such protocol
261 Protocol found
If the protocol given as the command argument doesn't exist, then the 260
response will be returned. If the service is successfully looked up, then
the 261 response is sent and a textual message is sent after. The textual
message contains the protocol information encoded in an ascii form. The fields
of the protocol data are separated by colons.
protocol-name:aliases:protocol-number:
- protocol-name is the offical name of the protocol
- aliases is a comma separated list of aliases for the protocol
- protocol-nunber is the number of the protocol in decimal.
For example:
C: GETPROTOBYNAME ip
S: 261 Protocol found
ip:IP:0:
.
C: GETPROTOBYNUMBER 17
S: 261 Protocol found
udp:UDP:17:
.
C: GETPROTOENT
S: 261 OK
ip:IP:0:
icmp:ICMP:1:
igmp:IGMP:2:
ggp:GGP:3:
tcp:TCP:6:
egp:EGP:8:
pup:PUP:12:
udp:UDP:17:
hmp:HMP:20:
xns-idp:XNS-IDP:22:
rdp:RDP:27:
iso-tp4:ISO-TP4:29:
iso-ip:ISO-IP:80:
encap:ENCAP:98:
.
3.7 The NETGROUP commands
3.7.1 GETNETGRENT netgrouup
Returns a textual response with the netgroup information enocoded in an
ascii format.
3.6.4 Reponses
270 No such netgroup
271 Netgroups found
For the given netgroup a list of the netgroup entries will be
returned. Each netgroup entry is three fields separated by colons. A field
may be empty to indicate wildcarding.
:hostname:username:domainname:
For example:
C: GETNETGRENT devlopers
S: 271 OK
:gw.home.vix.com:brister:vix.com:
:bb.rc.vix.com:vixie::
.