Document recent changes (config files and -D...) and not so recent changes
(bios drive number...). Submitted by: mostly by yokota
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svn2git
2020-12-20 02:59:44 +00:00
svn path=/head/; revision=27201
@ -36,7 +36,7 @@
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.\"
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.\" @(#)boot_i386.8 8.2 (Berkeley) 4/19/94
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.\"
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.\" $Id$
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.\" $Id: boot_i386.8,v 1.7 1997/02/22 14:33:07 peter Exp $
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.\"
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.Dd April 19, 1994
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.Dt BOOT 8 i386
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@ -56,30 +56,47 @@ Most 386
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.Tn "PC AT"
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clones attempt to boot the floppy disk drive 0 (otherwise known as
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drive A:) first, and failing that, attempt to boot the hard disk
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controller 1, drive 0 (otherwise known as drive C:, or drive 0x80 in
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the BIOS). The automatic boot will attempt to load
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drive 0 (otherwise known as drive C:,
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or (confusingly) hard disk drive 1, or drive 0x80 in the BIOS).
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Some BIOSes let you change this default sequence or may include a CD-ROM
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drive as a boot device.
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After the boot blocks have been loaded,
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you should see a prompt similar to the following:
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.Bd -literal
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>> FreeBSD BOOT @ 0x10000: 640/7168 k of memory, internal console
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Boot default: 0:wd(0,a)kernel
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boot:
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.Ed
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.Pp
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(You may see some tips printed on the screen too.)
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.Pp
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The automatic boot will attempt to load
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.Pa /kernel
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from partition
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.Ql a
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of either the floppy or the hard disk.
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This boot may be aborted by typing any character on the keyboard
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at the
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.Ql Boot:
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.Ql boot:
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prompt. At this time, the following input will be accepted:
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.Bl -tag -offset indent -width 10x
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.Bl -tag -width 10x
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.It \&?
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Give a short listing of the files in the root directory of the default
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boot device, as a hint about available boot files.
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.It Op ctrlr(unit,part) Op /filename Op Fl abcCdhrsv
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.It Op bios_drive:interface(unit,part) Op filename Op Fl aCcDdghPrsv
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Specify boot file and flags.
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.Bl -tag -offset indent -width 10x -compact
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.It ctrlr
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The controller to boot from. Note that the controller is required
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.Bl -tag -width 10x -compact
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.It bios_drive
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The drive number as recognized by the BIOS.
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0 for the first drive, 1 for the second drive, etc.
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.It interface
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The type of controller to boot from. Note that the controller is required
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to have BIOS support since the BIOS services are used to load the
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boot file image.
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.Pp
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Common controller names are:
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.Bl -tag -offset indent -width "wdXX" -compact
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The supported interfaces are:
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.Bl -tag -width "wdXX" -compact
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.It wd
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ST506, IDE, ESDI, RLL disks on a WD100[2367] or lookalike
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controller
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@ -87,17 +104,12 @@ controller
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5 1/4" or 3 1/2" High density floppies
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.It sd
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SCSI disk on any supported SCSI controller
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.It cd
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boot from CDROM
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.It hd
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Pseudo-controller, must be used to specify that unit number
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1 (known to the BIOS as drive 0x81) is on a different controller
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than unit number 0. This can happen for the wd vs. sd case.
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.\".It cd
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.\"boot from CDROM
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.El
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.It unit
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The unit number of the drive on the controller being used. Either 0
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or 1 for the wd and fd and most sd controllers, between 0 and 6 for
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some newer sd controllers.
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The unit number of the drive on the interface being used.
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0 for the first drive, 1 for the second drive, etc.
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.It part
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The partition letter inside the BSD portion of the disk. See
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.Xr disklabel 8 .
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@ -106,55 +118,107 @@ By convention, only partition
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contains a bootable image. If sliced disks are used
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.Pq Dq fdisk partitions ,
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only the first BSD slice can be used to boot from. The partition
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letter does always refer to this slice then.
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.It /filename
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The pathname of the file to boot; must be inside the root directory
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of the specified partition. Defaults to
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.Pa /kernel .
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letter always refers to the first slice.
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.It filename
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The pathname of the file to boot (relative to the root directory
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on the specified partition). Defaults to
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.Pa kernel .
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Symbolic links are not supported (hard links are).
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.It Fl abcCdhrsv
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.It Fl acCdDghPrsv
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Boot flags:
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.Bl -tag -offset indent -width "-CXX" -compact
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.Bl -tag -width "-CXX" -compact
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.It Fl a
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ask for the device to install as root file system during kernel
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initialization
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.It Fl b
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do not automatically reboot after shutdown or crash
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during kernel initialization,
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ask for the device to mount as as the root file system.
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.It Fl C
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boot from CDROM.
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.It Fl c
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run UserConfig to modify hardware parameters for the loaded
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kernel
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.It Fl C
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boot from CDROM
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kernel.
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.It Fl D
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toggle single and dual console configurations. In the single
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configuration the console will be either the internal display
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or the serial port, depending on the state of the
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.Fl h
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option below. In the dual console configuration,
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both the internal display and the serial port will become the console
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at the same time, regardless of the state of the
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.Fl h
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option. However, the dual console configuration takes effect only during
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the boot prompt. Once the kernel is loaded, the console specified
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by the
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.Fl h
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option becomes the only console.
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.It Fl d
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enter the DDB kernel debugger
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.Pq see Xr ddb 4
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before configuring any device (except the system's console)
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as early as possible in kernel inititialization.
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.It Fl g
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use the GDB remote debugging protocol.
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.It Fl h
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toggle serial/graphics console
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toggle internal and serial consoles. You can use this to switch
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console devices. For instance, if you boot from the internal console,
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you can use the
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.Fl h
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option to force the kernel to use the serial port as its
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console device. Alternatively, if you boot from the serial port,
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you can use this option to force the kernel to use the internal display
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as the console instead.
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.It Fl P
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probe the keyboard. If no keyboard is found, the
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.Fl D
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and
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.Fl h
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options are automatically set.
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.It Fl r
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do not establish the root directory of the file system
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hierarchy on the device where the boot file is being loaded
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from
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use the statically configured default for the device containing the
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root file system
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.Pq see Xr config 8 .
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Normally, the root file system is on the device
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that the kernel was loaded from.
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.It Fl s
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boot into single-user mode; if the console is marked as
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.Dq insecure
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.Pq see Xr ttys 5 ,
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the root password must be entered
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.It Fl v
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be verbose during device probing
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be verbose during device probing (and later).
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.El
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.El
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.El
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.Pp
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You may put a BIOS drive number, a controller type, a unit number,
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a partition, a kernel file name and the
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.Fl D,
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.Fl h
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or
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.Fl P
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options in
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.Pa /boot.config
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to set defaults. Write them in one line just as you type at the
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.Ql boot:
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prompt.
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.Sh FILES
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.Bl -tag -width /kernelxx -compact
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.Bl -tag -width /kernel.old.config -compact
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.It Pa /boot.config
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parameters for the boot loader (optional)
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.It Pa /boot.help
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help messages
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.It Pa /kernel
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system code
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default kernel
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.It Pa /kernel.config
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parameters for default kernel (optional)
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.It Pa /kernel.old
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typical non-default kernel (optional)
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.It Pa /kernel.old.config
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parameters for non-default kernel (optional)
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.\" .It Pa /boot
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.\" system bootstrap
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.El
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.Sh SEE ALSO
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.Xr ddb 4 ,
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.Xr ttys 5 ,
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.Xr config 8 ,
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.Xr disklabel 8 ,
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.Xr halt 8 ,
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.Xr reboot 8 ,
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