Fix typos.

Reviewed by:	/usr/local/bin/ispell
This commit is contained in:
Jean-Marc Zucconi 1995-09-27 00:46:30 +00:00
parent e0ecc0226a
commit d745bece54
Notes: svn2git 2020-12-20 02:59:44 +00:00
svn path=/head/; revision=11027
16 changed files with 102 additions and 102 deletions

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<!-- $Id: bibliography.sgml,v 1.2 1995/06/30 17:37:30 jfieber Exp $ -->
<!-- $Id: bibliography.sgml,v 1.3 1995/06/30 18:41:08 jfieber Exp $ -->
<!-- The FreeBSD Documentation Project -->
<chapt>
<heading>Bibliography<label id="bibliography"></heading>
<p>While the manual pages provide the definative reference
<p>While the manual pages provide the definitive reference
for individual pieces of the FreeBSD operating system,
they are notorious for not illustrating how to put the
pieces together to make the whole operating system run
@ -119,12 +119,12 @@
<p><itemize>
<item>Stanley, Tom. <em>ISA System
Architechure</em>. 3rd ed. Reading, Mass. :
Architecture</em>. 3rd ed. Reading, Mass. :
Addison-Wesley, 1995.
<newline>ISBN 0201409968</item>
<item>Stanley, Tom. <em>PCI System
Architechure</em>. 3rd ed. Reading, Mass. :
Architecture</em>. 3rd ed. Reading, Mass. :
Addison-Wesley, 1995. <newline>ISBN
0201409933</item>

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<!-- $Id: contrib.sgml,v 1.18 1995/09/26 10:16:23 asami Exp $ -->
<!-- $Id: contrib.sgml,v 1.19 1995/09/26 19:19:26 wollman Exp $ -->
<!-- The FreeBSD Documentation Project -->
<chapt><heading>FreeBSD contributor list<label id="contrib"></heading>
@ -19,7 +19,7 @@
some occasionally rocky moments in relations between the
two groups, we both want essentially the same thing: More
BSD based operating systems on people's computers! We wish
the NetBSD group every success in their endevors.
the NetBSD group every success in their endeavors.
<sect><heading>Hardware contributors</heading>

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<!-- $Id: current.sgml,v 1.3 1995/06/30 17:37:33 jfieber Exp $ -->
<!-- $Id: current.sgml,v 1.4 1995/09/25 09:38:59 jkh Exp $ -->
<!-- The FreeBSD Documentation Project -->
@ -10,7 +10,7 @@
THE FREEBSD CURRENT POLICY
Last updated: $Date: 1995/06/30 17:37:33 $
Last updated: $Date: 1995/09/25 09:38:59 $
This document attempts to explain the rationale behind FreeBSD-current,
what you should expect should you decide to run it, and states some
@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ too much time to do this as a general task.
<item> In any way ``officially supported'' by us.
We do our best to help people genuinely in one of the 3
``legitimate'' FreeBSD-current catagories, but we simply <em>do not
``legitimate'' FreeBSD-current categories, but we simply <em>do not
have the time</em> to help every person who jumps into FreeBSD-current
with more enthusiasm than knowledge of how to deal with
experimental system software. This is not because we're mean and
@ -104,14 +104,14 @@ too much time to do this as a general task.
subscribe cvs-all
</verb>
In the body of your message. Optionally, you can also say `help'
and MajorDomo will send you full help on how to subscribe and
and Majordomo will send you full help on how to subscribe and
unsubscribe to the various other mailing lists we support.
<item> Grab the sources from ftp.FreeBSD.ORG. You can do this in
three ways:
<enum>
<item> Using the CTM facility desribed below. Unless you
<item> Using the CTM facility described below. Unless you
have a good TCP/IP connection at a flat rate, this is
the way to do it.

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<!-- $Id: eresources.sgml,v 1.9 1995/07/27 16:15:32 jfieber Exp $ -->
<!-- $Id: eresources.sgml,v 1.10 1995/09/01 04:54:11 jfieber Exp $ -->
<!-- The FreeBSD Documentation Project -->
<chapt>
@ -280,7 +280,7 @@ fixes, etc).
<tag/FREEBSD-USER-GROUPS/ <em>User Group Coordination List</em><newline>
This is the mailing list for the coordinators from each of the
local area Users Groups to dicuss matters with each other and a
local area Users Groups to discuss matters with each other and a
designated individual from the Core Team. This mail list should
be limited to meeting synopsis and coordination of projects that span
User Groups.

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<!-- $Id: handbook.sgml,v 1.28 1995/09/25 04:53:31 jfieber Exp $ -->
<!-- $Id: handbook.sgml,v 1.29 1995/09/25 18:23:03 wollman Exp $ -->
<!-- The FreeBSD Documentation Project -->
<!DOCTYPE linuxdoc PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//DTD linuxdoc//EN" [
@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ installation and day to day use of <bf>FreeBSD Release
2.0.5</bf>.
This manual is a <bf>work in progress</bf> and is the
work of many individials. Many sections do not yet exist
work of many individuals. Many sections do not yet exist
and some of those that do exist need to be updated. If
you are interested in helping with this project, send
email to &a.jfieber; or to the FreeBSD Documentation

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<!-- $Id: history.sgml,v 1.5 1995/08/26 12:07:06 jkh Exp $ -->
<!-- $Id: history.sgml,v 1.6 1995/09/14 21:57:08 jfieber Exp $ -->
<!-- The FreeBSD Documentation Project -->
<sect><heading>A brief history of FreeBSD<label id="history"></heading>
@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ FreeBSD's distribution channels to those many unfortunates without
easy access to the Internet. Walnut Creek CDROM not only supported
the idea of distributing FreeBSD on CD but went so far as to provide
the project with a machine to work on and a fast Internet connection.
Without Walnut Creek CDROM's almost unprecidented degree of faith in
Without Walnut Creek CDROM's almost unprecedented degree of faith in
what was, at the time, a completely unknown project, it is in fact
very unlikely that FreeBSD would have gotten as far, as fast, as it
has today.
@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ Around this time, some rather unexpected storm clouds formed on our
horizon as Novell and U.C. Berkeley settled their long-running lawsuit
over the legal status of the Berkeley Net/2 tape. A condition of that
settlement was U.C. Berkeley's concession that large parts of Net/2
was "encumbered" code and property of Novell, who had in turn aquired
was "encumbered" code and property of Novell, who had in turn acquired
it from AT&amp;T some time previously. What Berkeley got in return was
Novell's "blessing" that the 4.4 Lite release, when it was finally
released, would be declared unencumbered and all existing Net/2 users

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<!-- $Id: install.sgml,v 1.10 1995/09/25 04:53:32 jfieber Exp $ -->
<!-- $Id: install.sgml,v 1.11 1995/09/26 17:47:02 jfieber Exp $ -->
<!-- The FreeBSD Documentation Project -->
<!--
@ -499,7 +499,7 @@ C> MD C:\FREEBSD
C> XCOPY /S E:\FLOPPIES C:\FREEBSD\FLOPPIES\
C> XCOPY /S E:\DISTS\BIN C:\FREEBSD\BIN\
</verb></tscreen>
asssuming that <tt>C:</tt> is where you have free space
assuming that <tt>C:</tt> is where you have free space
and <tt>E:</tt> is where your CDROM is mounted. Note
that you need the <tt>FLOPPIES</tt> directory because
the <tt>root.flp</tt> image is needed during an MS-DOS
@ -521,7 +521,7 @@ C> XCOPY /S E:\DISTS C:\FREEBSD\
<p>Installing from tape is probably the easiest method,
short of an on-line install using FTP or a CDROM
instal. The installation program expects the files to
install. The installation program expects the files to
be simply tar'ed onto the tape, so after getting all of
the files for distribution you're interested in, simply
tar them onto the tape with a command like:
@ -714,7 +714,7 @@ C> XCOPY /S E:\DISTS C:\FREEBSD\
wish to proceed directly to the Language option and
set your preferred language. This will bring up some
of the documentation in that language instead of
english.
English.
<item>Select the Options item and set any special
preferences you may have.
@ -769,7 +769,7 @@ C> XCOPY /S E:\DISTS C:\FREEBSD\
flags in the Label editor) and all selected
distributions will be extracted.
<item>The Configure menu choice allows you to furthur
<item>The Configure menu choice allows you to further
configure your FreeBSD installation by giving you
menu-driven access to various system defaults.
Some items, like networking, may be especially

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<!-- $Id: kerberos.sgml,v 1.3 1995/06/30 17:37:40 jfieber Exp $ -->
<!-- $Id: kerberos.sgml,v 1.4 1995/07/10 20:14:08 markm Exp $ -->
<!-- The FreeBSD Documentation Project -->
<sect><heading>Kerberos<label id="kerberos"></heading>
@ -226,7 +226,7 @@ grunt# mv grunt-new-srvtab srvtab
<p>If the file is for a client system, and the network is not
deemed safe, then copy the <tt>&lt;client&gt;-new-srvtab</tt> to
removeable media and transport it by secure physical means. Be
removable media and transport it by secure physical means. Be
sure to rename it to <tt>srvtab</tt> in the client's
<tt>/etc/kerberosIV</tt> directory, and make sure it is mode 600:
@ -325,7 +325,7 @@ Apr 30 11:23:22 Apr 30 19:23:22 krbtgt.GRONDAR.ZA@GRONDAR.ZA
</verb></tscreen>
<p>Now try changing the password using <tt>passwd</tt> to check if the
kpasswd daemon can get authorisation to the Kerberos database:
kpasswd daemon can get authorization to the Kerberos database:
<tscreen><verb>
grunt$ passwd
@ -342,7 +342,7 @@ Password changed.
<p>Kerberos allows us to give <it>each</it> user who needs root
privileges their own <it>separate</it> <tt>su</tt>password. We
could now add an id which is authorised to <tt>su</tt> to <it>root</it>.
could now add an id which is authorized to <tt>su</tt> to <it>root</it>.
This is controlled by having an instance of <it>root</it> associated
with a principal. Using <tt>kdb_edit</tt> we can create the entry
<it>jane.root</it> in the Kerberos database:

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<!-- $Id: kerneldebug.sgml,v 1.2 1995/06/30 17:37:41 jfieber Exp $ -->
<!-- $Id: kerneldebug.sgml,v 1.3 1995/07/31 01:18:46 jfieber Exp $ -->
<!-- The FreeBSD Documentation Project -->
<chapt><heading>Kernel Debugging<label id="kerneldebug"></heading>
@ -44,7 +44,7 @@
programs will drastically increase, and since
the whole kernel is loaded entirely at boot time and cannot be
swapped out later, several megabytes of
physical RAM willl be wasted.
physical RAM will be wasted.
If you are testing a new kernel, for example by typing the new
kernel's name at the boot prompt, but need to boot a different
@ -218,7 +218,7 @@
the Makefile, there will be some other object files rebuild,
for example <tt>trap.o</tt>. With a bit of luck, the added
<tt>-g</tt> option won't change anything for the generated
code, so you'll finally get a new kernel with similiar code to
code, so you'll finally get a new kernel with similar code to
the faulting one but some debugging symbols. You should at
least verify the old and new sizes with the <tt>size(1)</tt> command. If
there is a mismatch, you probably need to give up here.
@ -243,7 +243,7 @@
If you need to do low-level debugging on your kernel, there's
an on- line debugger available called DDB. It allows to
setting breakpoints, single-steping kernel functions, examining
and changeing kernel variables, etc. However, it cannot not
and changing kernel variables, etc. However, it cannot not
access kernel source files, and only has access to the global
and static symbols, not to the full debug information like
<tt>kgdb</tt>.
@ -354,7 +354,7 @@
w/w 0xf0010030 0 0
</verb></tscreen>
The command modifier (<tt>b</tt>/<tt>h</tt>/<tt>w</tt>)
specifies the size of the data to be writtten, the first
specifies the size of the data to be written, the first
following expression is the address to write to, the remainder
is interpreted as data to write to successive memory locations.

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<!-- $Id: nfs.sgml,v 1.1.1.1 1995/04/28 16:19:59 jfieber Exp $ -->
<!-- $Id: nfs.sgml,v 1.2 1995/06/30 17:37:43 jfieber Exp $ -->
<!-- The FreeBSD Documentation Project -->
<sect><heading>NFS<label id="nfs"></heading>
@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ a FreeBSD system with a lower-performance Ethernet adapter. Also,
"/sharedfs" will be the exported NFS filesystem (see "man exports"), and
"/project" will be the mount point on the client for the exported file
system. In all cases, note that additional options, such as "hard" or
"soft" and "bg" may be desireable in your application.
"soft" and "bg" may be desirable in your application.
Examples for the FreeBSD system ("freebox") as the client:
in /etc/fstab on freebox:
@ -74,6 +74,6 @@ individually, avoiding the deadlock situation.
Overruns may still occur when a high-performance workstations is slamming
data out to a PC system, but with the better cards, such overruns are
not guarranteed on NFS "units". When an overrun occurs, the units affected
not guaranteed on NFS "units". When an overrun occurs, the units affected
will be retransmitted, and there will be a fair chance that they will be
received, assembled, and acknowledged.

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<!-- $Id: porting.sgml,v 1.3 1995/06/30 17:37:44 jfieber Exp $ -->
<!-- $Id: porting.sgml,v 1.4 1995/08/19 15:38:25 jfieber Exp $ -->
<!-- The FreeBSD Documentation Project -->
<sect><heading>Porting applications<label id="porting"></heading>
@ -22,7 +22,7 @@
mentioned in this document. Most (if not all) are documented
at the start of the <tt>bsd.port.mk</tt> file which can be
found in <tt>/usr/share/mk</tt>. This file uses a non-standard tab
setting. <tt>Emacs</tt> should recognise the setting on
setting. <tt>Emacs</tt> should recognize the setting on
loading the file. <tt>vi</tt> or <tt>ex</tt> can be set to
using the correct value by typing `<tt>:set tabstop=4</tt>'
once the file has been loaded.
@ -125,7 +125,7 @@
# Date created: 5 December 1994
# Whom: asami
#
# $Id: Makefile,v 1.5 1995/04/11 00:20:20 asami Exp $
# $Id: porting.sgml,v 1.4 1995/08/19 15:38:25 jfieber Exp $
#
DISTNAME= oneko-1.1b
@ -653,7 +653,7 @@ EXEC_DEPENDS= wish:${PORTSDIR}/x11/tk
<p>Note: The GNU General Public License (GPL), both version 1
and 2, shouldn't be a problem for ports.
<p>Note: If you are a commiter, make sure you update the
<p>Note: If you are a committer, make sure you update the
<tt>ports/LEGAL</tt> file too.
<sect1>
@ -848,7 +848,7 @@ lib/libtcl.so.7.3
person who wrote this Makefile]
# Whom: Satoshi Asami <asami@FreeBSD.ORG>
#
# $Id$
# $Id: porting.sgml,v 1.4 1995/08/19 15:38:25 jfieber Exp $
[ ^^^^ don't worry about this...it will be automatically filled in by CVS when
it is committed to our repository]
#

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@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
<!-- $Id: ports.sgml,v 1.5 1995/07/07 22:25:52 jfieber Exp $ -->
<!-- $Id: ports.sgml,v 1.6 1995/07/12 15:01:38 jfieber Exp $ -->
<!-- The FreeBSD Documentation Project -->
<sect><heading>The Ports collection<label id="ports"></heading>
@ -85,12 +85,12 @@ FTP site as defined in the relevant Makefile (in the MASTER_SITES
line), or some FreeBSD mirror site also carrying a set of distfiles,
as does the master FTP site on ftp.FreeBSD.org (aka ftp.cdrom.com) in
the directory <tt>/pub/FreeBSD/distfiles</tt>. Note that the files in
that directory are not guarenteed to be kept up to date - this is a
that directory are not guaranteed to be kept up to date - this is a
volunteer project! We can't make any guarantees about the mirror
sites either - they are obviously under independant control and don't
sites either - they are obviously under independent control and don't
even have to mirror the distfiles directory.
If you have a non-permanant link, you can fetch all the distfiles by
If you have a non-permanent link, you can fetch all the distfiles by
going to the top of the tree and typing ``make fetch''.
@ -180,7 +180,7 @@ minute. The most up-to-date copy can be found in:
If you find that you still need to go in there and alter things,
by all means do so, and then send the diffs to ports@FreeBSD.org if
you'd like them to be a part of the default distribution. Please also
remember that any changes must respect backwards-compatability with
remember that any changes must respect backwards-compatibility with
any and all older Makefiles, unless you want a real nightmare of
/usr/ports munging ahead of you! Large scale changes will generally
not be warmly welcomed unless all the existing makefiles work without
@ -208,7 +208,7 @@ This will print a summary of all ports in the tree.
<p> For various reasons, when using FTP over the Internet to obtain the
source code, you may not always end up with the same copy of the code
that the origional porter worked from, and this can lead to problems.
that the original porter worked from, and this can lead to problems.
So a simple checksumming system has been employed to try and highlight
problems in this area.
@ -225,7 +225,7 @@ checksum routine. The same technique can be applied to a single port.
for that port. Not all ports currently have checksums, but this should be
cured soon.
Some older versions of the system don't recognise the ``checksum''
Some older versions of the system don't recognize the ``checksum''
target. In that case, try the command
<verb>
make check-md5

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@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
<!-- $Id: ppp.sgml,v 1.3 1995/06/30 17:37:46 jfieber Exp $ -->
<!-- $Id: ppp.sgml,v 1.4 1995/07/29 13:08:01 jfieber Exp $ -->
<!-- The FreeBSD Documentation Project -->
<sect><heading>Setting up kernel PPP<label id="ppp"></heading>
@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ pppd /dev/tty01 19200
necessary authorization on the remote host.
( Example of such script is attached to the end of this document )
Use the follwing /etc/ppp/pppdown script to disconnect the PPP line:
Use the following /etc/ppp/pppdown script to disconnect the PPP line:
<verb>
#!/bin/sh
pid=`ps ax |grep pppd |grep -v grep|awk '{print $1;}'`
@ -246,7 +246,7 @@ exit
This /etc/ppp/kermit.dial script is used for dialing and authorizing on remote host.
You will need to customize it for your needs.
Put your login and password in this script , also you'll need
to change input statement depending on responces from your modem
to change input statement depending on responses from your modem
and remote host.
<verb>
;

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@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
<!-- $Id: scsi.sgml,v 1.3 1995/08/29 01:42:45 jfieber Exp $ -->
<!-- $Id: scsi.sgml,v 1.4 1995/09/05 21:07:15 jfieber Exp $ -->
<!-- The FreeBSD Documentation Project -->
<!--
@ -26,7 +26,7 @@
After some time an industry effort was started to come to a more strict
standard allowing devices from different vendors to work together.
This effort was recognised in the ANSI SCSI-1 standard. The SCSI-1
This effort was recognized in the ANSI SCSI-1 standard. The SCSI-1
standard (approx 1985) is now more or less obsolete. The current
standard is SCSI-2 (see <ref id="scsi:further-reading" name="Further
reading">), with SCSI-3 on the drawing boards.
@ -44,27 +44,27 @@
variants. The oldest and most used is an 8 bit wide bus, with
single-ended signals, carried on 50 wires. (If you don't know what
single-ended means, don't worry, that is what this document is all
about.) Modern designs also use 16 bit wides buses, with
about.) Modern designs also use 16 bit wide buses, with
differential signals. This allows transfer speeds of
20Mbytes/second, on cables lengths of up to 25 meters. SCSI-2
allows a maximum buswidth of 32 bits, using an additional cable.
allows a maximum bus width of 32 bits, using an additional cable.
Of course the SCSI bus not only has data lines, but also a number
of control signals. A very elaborate protocol is part of the
standard to allow multiple devices to share the bus in an efficient
manner. In SCSI-2, the data is always checked using a seperate
manner. In SCSI-2, the data is always checked using a separate
parity line. In pre-SCSI-2 designs parity was optional.
In SCSI-3 even faster bustypes are introduced, along with a serial
In SCSI-3 even faster bus types are introduced, along with a serial
SCSI bus that reduces the cabling overhead and allows a higher
maximum buslength.
maximum bus length.
As you could have guessed from the description above, SCSI devices
are intelligent. They have to be to adhere to the SCSI standard
(which is over 2 inches thick BTW). So, for a hard disk drive for
instance you do not specify a head/cylinder/sector to address a
particular block, but simply the number of the block you want.
Elaborate caching schemes, automatic badblock replacement etc
Elaborate caching schemes, automatic bad block replacement etc
are all made possible by this 'intelligent device' approach.
On a SCSI bus, each possible pair of devices can communicate. If
@ -78,7 +78,7 @@
because it is not absolutely sure that the implementation of an old
device follows the (old) standard closely enough to be acceptable
on a new bus. Modern devices are usually more well-behaved,
because the standardisation has become more strict and is better
because the standardization has become more strict and is better
adhered to by the device manufacturers. Generally speaking, the
chances of getting a working set of devices on a single bus is
better when all the devices are SCSI-2 or newer. This does not
@ -149,11 +149,11 @@
that on a narrow (8 bit) bus 10 Mbytes/sec are possible instead
of 5 Mbytes/sec for 'slow' SCSI. More on this later.
It should be noted that the datalines &gt; 8 are only used for
datatransfers and device addressing. The transfers of commands
It should be noted that the data lines &gt; 8 are only used for
data transfers and device addressing. The transfers of commands
and status messages etc are only performed on the lowest 8
datalines. The standard allows narrow devices to operate on
a wide bus. The usable buswidth is negotiated
data lines. The standard allows narrow devices to operate on
a wide bus. The usable bus width is negotiated
between the devices. You have to watch your device addressing
closely when mixing wide and narrow.
@ -174,7 +174,7 @@
bus must adhere to the length restrictions for fast buses!
It is obvious that with the newer fast-SCSI devices the
buslength can become a real bottleneck. This is why the
bus length can become a real bottleneck. This is why the
differential SCSI bus was introduced in the SCSI-2 standard.
For connector pinning and connector types please refer to the
@ -236,8 +236,8 @@
reconfigure your SCSI bus. There is enough variation in even
these simple tiny things to make finding the exact replacement
a frustrating business. There are also SCSI devices that have
a single jumper to enable or disable a builtin terminator.
There are special terminators you can stick onto a flatcable
a single jumper to enable or disable a built-in terminator.
There are special terminators you can stick onto a flat cable
bus. Others look like external connectors, so a connector hood
without a cable. So, lots of choice as you can see.
@ -245,7 +245,7 @@
from simple resistor (passive) terminators to active
terminators. Active terminators contain more or less elaborate
circuits to give more clean bus signals. The general consensus
seems to be that the usefullnes of active termination increases
seems to be that the usefulness of active termination increases
when you have long buses and/or fast devices. If you ever have
problems with your SCSI buses you might consider trying an
active terminator. Try to borrow one first, they reputedly are
@ -325,7 +325,7 @@
This is done by means of the SCSI or target ID. Each device has
a unique target ID. You can select the ID to which a device
must respond using a set of jumpers, or a dipswitch, or
must respond using a set of jumpers, or a dip switch, or
something similar. Consult the documentation of your device for
more information.
@ -334,26 +334,26 @@
For an 8 bit bus, a maximum of 8 targets is possible. The
maximum is 8 because the selection is done bitwise using the 8
datalines on the bus. For wide this increases to the number of
datalines.
data lines on the bus. For wide this increases to the number of
data lines.
The higher the SCSI target ID, the higher the priority the
devices has. When it comes to arbitration between devices that
want to use the bus at the same time, the device that has the
highest SCSI ID will win. This also means that the SCSI
hostadapter usually uses target ID 7 (for narrow buses).
host adapter usually uses target ID 7 (for narrow buses).
For a further subdivision, the standard allows for Logical
Units or LUNs for short. A single target ID may have multiple
LUNs. For example, a tape device including a tape changer may
have LUN 0 for the tape device itself, and LUN 1 for the
tapechanger. In this way, the host system can address each of
tape changer. In this way, the host system can address each of
the parts of the tape unit as desired.
<sect2><heading>Bus layout</heading>
<p>
SCSI buses are linear. So, not shaped like Y-junctions, star
topologies, cobwebbs or whatever else people might want to
topologies, cobwebs or whatever else people might want to
invent.
You might notice that the terminator issue discussed earlier
@ -375,8 +375,8 @@
When you want to use a SCSI disk on your PC as boot disk, you
must aware of some quirks related to PC BIOSes. The PC BIOS in
it's first incarnation used a low level physical interface to the
harddisk. So, you had to tell the BIOS (using a setup tool or a
BIOS builtin setup) how your disk physically looked like. This
hard disk. So, you had to tell the BIOS (using a setup tool or a
BIOS built-in setup) how your disk physically looked like. This
involved stating number of heads, number of cylinders, number of
sectors per track, obscure things like precompensation and
reduced write current cylinder etc.
@ -388,9 +388,9 @@
The SCSI host adapter or SCSI controller you have put in your
AT/EISA/PCI/whatever bus to connect your disk therefore has it's
own onboard BIOS. During system startup, the SCSI BIOS takes over
the harddisk interface routines from the system BIOS. To fool the
system BIOS, the system setup is normally set to No harddisk
own on-board BIOS. During system startup, the SCSI BIOS takes over
the hard disk interface routines from the system BIOS. To fool the
system BIOS, the system setup is normally set to No hard disk
present. Obvious, isn't it?
The SCSI BIOS itself presents to the system a so called
@ -405,8 +405,8 @@
Right.. All is well now?! No, it isn't. The system BIOS has
another quirk you might run into. The number of cylinders of a
bootable harddisk cannot be greater than 1024. Using the
translation above, this is a showstopper for disks greater than
bootable hard disk cannot be greater than 1024. Using the
translation above, this is a show-stopper for disks greater than
1 Gb. With disk capacities going up all the time this is causing
problems.
@ -424,7 +424,7 @@
translated values your host adapter uses.
Failing to observe the translation issue might be un-bootable systems or
operating systems overwriting eachothers partitions. Using fdisk
operating systems overwriting each others partitions. Using fdisk
you should be able to see all partitions.
As promised earlier: what is this talk about 'lying' devices? As
@ -464,12 +464,12 @@ Feb 9 19:33:46 yedi /386bsd: sd0: 636MB (1303250 total sec), 1632 cyl, 15 head,
The multi level design allows a decoupling of low-level bit
banging and more high level stuff. Adding support for another
piece of hardware is a much more managable problem.
piece of hardware is a much more manageable problem.
<sect2><heading>Kernel configuration</heading>
<p>
Dependent on your hardware, the kernel configuration file must
contain one or more lines describing your hostadapter(s).
contain one or more lines describing your host adapter(s).
This includes I/O addresses, interrupts etc.
Consult the man page for your
adapter driver to get more info. Apart from that, check out
@ -586,7 +586,7 @@ device cd0 #Only need one of these, the code dynamically grows &lsq
above will work fine when you have only 2 SCSI disks.
Use <tt>man 4 scsi</tt> to check for the latest info on the SCSI
subsystem. For more detailed info on hostadapter drivers use eg
subsystem. For more detailed info on host adapter drivers use eg
<tt>man 4 aha</tt> for info on the Adaptec 154x driver.
<sect2><heading>Tuning your SCSI kernel setup</heading>
@ -598,13 +598,13 @@ device cd0 #Only need one of these, the code dynamically grows &lsq
To work around this problem, FreeBSD allows a tunable delay time before
the SCSI devices are probed following a SCSI bus reset. You can set this
delaytime in your kernel configuration file using a line like:
delay time in your kernel configuration file using a line like:
<verb>
options "SCSI_DELAY=15" #Be pessimistic about Joe SCSI device
</verb>
This line sets the delay time to 15 seconds. On my own system I had to
use 3 seconds minimum to get my trusty old CDROM drive to be recognised.
use 3 seconds minimum to get my trusty old CDROM drive to be recognized.
Start with a high value (say 30 seconds or so) when you have problems
with device recognition. If this helps, tune it back until it just stays
working.
@ -616,7 +616,7 @@ options "SCSI_DELAY=15" #Be pessimistic about Joe SCSI device
Some vendors do a better job then others.
This is exactly where the 'rogue' devices come into view. Rogues are
devices that are recognised by the FreeBSD kernel as behaving slightly
devices that are recognized by the FreeBSD kernel as behaving slightly
(...) non-standard. Rogue devices are reported by the kernel when
booting. An example for two of my cartridge tape units:
@ -634,7 +634,7 @@ Mar 29 21:16:37 yedi /386bsd: st1: Archive Viper 150 is a known rogue
believing that there are 8 LUNs at that particular target ID. The
confusion this causes is left as an exercise to the user.
The SCSI subsystem of FreeBSD recognises devices with bad habits by
The SCSI subsystem of FreeBSD recognizes devices with bad habits by
looking at the INQUIRY response they send when probed. Because the
INQUIRY response also includes the version number of the device
firmware, it is even possible that for different firmware versions
@ -655,7 +655,7 @@ Mar 29 21:16:37 yedi /386bsd: st1: Archive Viper 150 is a known rogue
FreeBSD. It must be noted however that there might be some rough edges.
For instance an Adaptec 1542 controller can be set to use different
transferspeeds on the host bus (ISA or AT in this case). The controller
transfer speeds on the host bus (ISA or AT in this case). The controller
is settable to different rates because not all motherboards can handle
the higher speeds. Problems like hangups, bad data etc might be the
result of using a higher data transfer rate then your motherboard
@ -699,7 +699,7 @@ options "TUNE_1542" #dynamic tune of bus DMA speed
<item>
Make a minimal bus config with as little devices as possible.
<item>
If possible, configure your hostadapter to use slow bus speeds.
If possible, configure your host adapter to use slow bus speeds.
</itemize>
<sect1><heading>Further reading<label id="scsi:further-reading"></heading>
@ -760,6 +760,6 @@ Suite 214, 1210 S. Bascom Ave., San Jose, CA 92128, (408) 293-0800
are noteworthy places to look for more info. You can also
find the SCSI-Faq there, which is posted periodically.
Most major SCSI device and hostadapter suppliers operate ftp sites
Most major SCSI device and host adapter suppliers operate ftp sites
and/or BBS systems. They may be valuable sources of information
about the devices you own.

View File

@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
<!-- $Id: submitters.sgml,v 1.5 1995/07/07 22:25:54 jfieber Exp $ -->
<!-- $Id: submitters.sgml,v 1.6 1995/08/12 21:33:24 jkh Exp $ -->
<!-- The FreeBSD Documentation Project -->
<chapt><heading>Contributing to FreeBSD<label id="submitters"></heading>
<p><em>Contributed by &a.jkh;.</em>
This guide is intended for those who are moderately familar with
This guide is intended for those who are moderately familiar with
FreeBSD and have reached a point where they have some locally
developed customizations or fixes to the system which they'd like to
incorporate back into the mainstream sources. Submitting something to
@ -19,14 +19,14 @@ are also what FreeBSD lives and grows from, so your contributions are
very important to the continued survival of this communal effort of
ours---we're very glad to see you reading this document!
Submissions to FreeBSD can generally be classified into four catagories:
Submissions to FreeBSD can generally be classified into four categories:
<enum>
<item>Ideas, general suggestions, bug reports.
<item>Changes to existing sources.
<item>Significant contribution of a large body of independant work.
<item>Significant contribution of a large body of independent work.
<item>Porting of freely available software.
</enum>
A submission in <em>any</em> of these catagories is highly welcomed as they
A submission in <em>any</em> of these categories is highly welcomed as they
are each, in their own way, quite significant to the project.
@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ are each, in their own way, quite significant to the project.
Likewise, people with an interest
in such things (and a tolerance for a <em>high</em>
volume of mail!) may
subscribe to the hackers mailing list by sendimg mail to
subscribe to the hackers mailing list by sending mail to
<tt>&lt;majordomo@freebsd.org&gt;</tt>.
See <ref id="eresources:mail" name="mailing lists">
for more information about this and other mailing lists.
@ -149,7 +149,7 @@ diff -c -r &lt;olddir&gt &lt;newdir&gt;
additional contributions under this license. Code under the GPL
also goes into a different part of the tree, that being
<tt>/sys/gnu</tt> or <tt>/usr/src/gnu</tt>, and is therefore
easily identifable to anyone for whom the GPL presents a problem.
easily identifiable to anyone for whom the GPL presents a problem.
</enum>
<p>Contributions coming under any other type of copyright must be
@ -193,7 +193,7 @@ THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
(INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
$Id: submitters.sgml,v 1.5 1995/07/07 22:25:54 jfieber Exp $
$Id: submitters.sgml,v 1.6 1995/08/12 21:33:24 jkh Exp $
</verb></tscreen>
For your convenience, a copy of this text can be found in
<tt>/usr/share/examples/etc/bsd-style-copyright</tt>.

View File

@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
<!-- $Id: sup.sgml,v 1.5 1995/07/07 22:25:54 jfieber Exp $ -->
<!-- $Id: sup.sgml,v 1.6 1995/09/01 04:54:14 jfieber Exp $ -->
<!-- The FreeBSD Documentation Project -->
@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ your /etc/services file:
SUP gets the information it needs to run from a configuration file
called a supfile. This file tells sup what collections it will be updating
and/or installing and where they go. The supfile in this directory will
sup both the source and ports collection - look for the blank line seperating
sup both the source and ports collection - look for the blank line separating
the two collections; if you don't want ports, you can simply delete all the
ports entries. If you're inside the United States, you may also uncomment
the `secure' collection line to grab the DES code. If you're outside the
@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ collection and then go look on braae.ru.ac.za, where it's available for
anonymous ftp for those outside the U.S.
Any other distributions you do not wish to receive can be commented out
with a &num; at the begining of the distribution line.
with a &num; at the beginning of the distribution line.
Once this is setup, you're ready to go. To start sup type:
<verb>