directories to SUBDIR.${MK_TESTS} idiom
This is being done to pave the way for future work (and homogenity) in
^/projects/make-check-sandbox .
No functional change intended.
MFC after: 1 weeks
localtime(3) returns NULL when passed an invalid time_t but date(1)
previously did not handle it. Exit with an error in that case.
PR: 220828
Reported by: Vinícius Zavam
Reviewed by: cem, kevans
Sponsored by: The FreeBSD Foundation
Differential Revision: https://reviews.freebsd.org/D11660
Apart from the fact that subtle syntactic changes make a poor compile-time
option, the NOHACK case has been obviously broken since it was added,
because it uses q uninitialized if (*p != '\0').
No functional change is intended.
After the addition of SUBDIR.yes, uniquifying/ordering the SUBDIRs doesn't
make a whole lot of sense, and it's in effect a half measure.
Ordering SUBDIR (after adding SUBDIR.yes to it) in bsd.subdir.mk is a
separate change that warrants more discussion/testing, because while
the SUBDIR_PARALLEL work largely fixed dependency ordering for SUBDIRs,
there might be downstream FreeBSD consumers that rely on the SUBDIR
ordering.
MFC after: 2 months
Reviewed by: bdrewery
Differential Revision: D11398
With this patch, ",n" is an abbreviation for "1,n", ";n" abbreviates
".;n". The "n," and "n;" variants mean "n,n" and "n;n", respectively.
Also, piping to a shell command does not count as a save, so don't reset
the modified flag.
Obtained from: OpenBSD (CVS Rev. 1.58, 1.59)
If CDPATH is used non-trivially or the operand is "-", cd writes the
directory actually switched to. (We currently do this only in interactive
shells, but POSIX requires this in non-interactive shells as well.)
As mentioned in Austin group bug #1045, cd shall not return an error while
leaving the current directory changed. Therefore, ignore any write error.
While here, also add a check to verify that the link target
is updated in the testcase
MFC after: 1 month
MFC with: r320172
PR: 219943
Differential Revision: D11167
Submitted by: shivansh
Sponsored by: Google (GSoC 2017)
When '-F' option is used, the target directory needs to be unlinked.
Currently, the modified target ("target/source") is being unlinked, and
since it doesn't yet exist, the original target isn't removed.
This is fixed by skipping the block where target is modified to
"target/source" when '-F' option is set.
Hence, a symbolic link (with the same name as of the original target) to
the source_file is produced.
Update the test for ln(1) to reflect fix for option '-F'
MFC after: 1 month
PR: 219943
Differential Revision: D11167
Submitted by: shivansh
Sponsored by: Google (GSoC 2017)
The testcase fails today, so mark it with atf_expect_fail: in
particular, the target (B) isn't being unlinked and the documentation
doesn't suggest special handling for directories. Thus, there's either
a doc or an implementation bug in ln(1) that needs to be resolved.
MFC after: 1 month
MFC with: r319714, r319854, r319855
PR: 219943
Reviewed by: ngie
Submitted by: shivansh
Differential Revision: D11159 (part of a larger diff)
Sponsored by: Google, Inc (GSoC 2017)
file(1) can be compiled out of the system via MK_FILE == no, and the
output isn't guaranteed to be stable. It's better to use stat(1)/readlink(1)
instead to query symlink/file paths.
MFC after: 1 month
MFC with: r319714, r319854
Reported by: ngie
Submitted by: shivansh
Differential Revision: D11159 (part of a larger diff)
Sponsored by: Google, Inc (GSoC 2017)
* Verify that when creating a hard link to a symbolic link, '-L' option
creates a hard link to the target of the symbolic link
* Verify that when creating a hard link to a symbolic link, '-P' option
creates a hard link to the symbolic link itself
* Verify that if the target file already exists, '-f' option unlinks it so
that link may occur
* Verify that if the target file or directory is a symbolic link, '-shf'
option prevents following the link
* Verify that if the target file or directory is a symbolic link, '-snf'
option prevents following the link
* Verify that '-s' option creates a symbolic link
* Verify that '-w' option produces a warning if the source of a symbolic
link does not currently exist
Submitted by: shivansh
Reviewed by: asomers, ngie
MFC after: 1 month
Sponsored by: Google, Inc (GSoC 2017)
Differential Revision: https://reviews.freebsd.org/D11084
Starting the fc -e editor can execute arbitrary script, and executing
arbitrary script with INTOFF in effect may cause unexpected results.
This change (together with other changes) serves mainly to allow asserting
that INTOFF is not in effect when starting the evaluation of a node.
Verify that echo(1) does not...
- ... print the trailing newline character with option '-n'.
- ... print the trailing newline character when '\c' is appended to
the end of the string.
Submitted by: shivansh
Reviewed by: asomers, ngie
MFC after: 1 month
Sponsored by: Google, Inc (GSoC 2017)
Differential Revision: D11036
Split the postive and negative parts into separate test cases. The positive
test case can only run on ZFS, because only ZFS supports files that large.
PR: 219757
Reported by: ngie
MFC after: 18 days
X-MFC-with: 319339
dd(1) tried to detect whether the seek offset would overflow, but it failed
to account for the case where the provided argument was negative and the
file was a regular file (negative seeks are allowed for character devices).
I fixed it, and added a regression test.
Reported by: Coverity
CID: 1368659
MFC after: 3 weeks
Sponsored by: Spectra Logic Corp
Allocating and deallocating repeatedly the 1024-byte buffer for stdout from
builtins costs CPU time for little or no benefit.
A simple loop containing builtins that write to a file descriptor, such as
i=0; while [ "$i" -lt 1000000 ]; do printf .; i=$((i+1)); done >/dev/null
is over 10% faster in a simple benchmark on an amd64 virtual machine.
Similarly to how STPUTC was changed, change struct output to store the
pointer just past the end of the available space instead of the size of the
available space, so after writing a character it is only necessary to
increment a pointer and not to decrement a counter.
It does not make much sense to generate the '-' in a pattern bracket
expression using arithmetic expansion, but it does not make sense to forbid
it either.
Try to avoid reprocessing the string if it is unnecessary.
It does not make much sense to generate the '-' in a pattern bracket
expression using arithmetic expansion, but it does not make sense to forbid
it either.
This test already passes.
The special case of modifying an existing alias does not work correctly if
the alias is currently in use. Instead, handle this case by unaliasing the
old alias (if any) and then creating a new alias.
Quoting http://mdocml.bsd.lv/mdoc/details/width.html
Do not use macros in the argument specifying the width,
since that's not portable. While GNU troff can handle it,
mandoc cannot.
MFC after: 3 days
Sponsored by: Dell EMC
With the new expansion code (word splitting during instead of after other
expansion processing), tracing the result of command substitution is no
longer possible, so stop trying.
The parsed internal representation of words consists of a byte string with a
list of nodes (commands in command substitution). Each unescaped CTLBACKQ or
CTLBACKQ | CTLQUOTE byte corresponds to an entry in the list.
If param in ${param#%##%%word} is not set, the word is not expanded (in a
deviation of POSIX shared with other ash variants and ksh93). Erroneously,
the pointer in the list of commands (argbackq) was not advanced. This caused
the wrong command to be executed later if the outer word contained another
command substitution.
Example:
echo "${unsetvar#$(echo a)}$(echo b)"
wrote "a" but should write "b".
MFC after: 1 week
The exit status will be 124, as the timeout(1) utility uses.
Reviewed by: jilles
MFC after: 2 weeks
Differential Revision: https://reviews.freebsd.org/D9697
A follow-up fix for r314685.
Because the -w flag is parsed after ps(1) infers termwidth from COLUMNS and
stdout, and UNLIMITED happens to be the zero value, the single -w flag in
combination with a non-terminal stdout or COLUMNS=0 could result in output
truncated at 131 characters. (Despite the output being unlimited without
-w.)
Obviously, adding more -w shouldn't truncate output lines.
The committed patch is from bdrewery@, and I've reviewed and tested it.
Submitted by: bdrewery@
Reported by: bdrewery@
Sponsored by: Dell EMC Isilon
Store the result in a proper long and then compare to the proper pid_t
for overflow, so that no MD assumptions are made.
Reviewed by: jilles
MFC after: 2 weeks
Differential Revision: https://reviews.freebsd.org/D9887
Code like t=$(stat -f %m "$file") segfaulted if -T was active and a trap
was taken while the shell was waiting for the child process to finish.
What happened was that the dotrap() call in waitforjob() was hit. This
re-entered command execution (including expand.c) at a point not expected by
expbackq(), and global state (unallocated stack string and argbackq) was
corrupted.
To fix this, change expbackq() to prepare for command execution to be
re-entered.
Reported by: bdrewery
MFC after: 1 week
If stdout isn't a tty, use unlimited width output rather than truncating to
79 characters. This is helpful for shell scripts or e.g., 'ps | grep foo'.
This hardcoded width has some history: In The Beginning of History[0], the
width of ps was hardcoded as 80 bytes. In 1985, Bloom@ added detection
using TIOCGWINSZ on stdin.[1] In 1986, Kirk merged a change to check
stdout's window size instead. In 1990, the fallback checks to stderr and
stdin's TIOCGWINSZ were added by Marc@, with the commit message "new
version."[2]
OS X Darwin has a very similar modification to ps(1), which simply sets
UNLIMITED for all non-tty outputs.[3] I've chosen to respect COLUMNS
instead of behaving identically to Darwin here, but I don't feel strongly
about that. We could match OS X for parity if that is desired.
[0]: https://svnweb.freebsd.org/csrg/bin/ps/ps.c?annotate=1065
[1]: https://svnweb.freebsd.org/csrg/bin/ps/ps.c?r1=18105&r2=18106
[2]:
https://svnweb.freebsd.org/csrg/bin/ps/ps.c?r1=40675&r2=40674&pathrev=40675
[3]:
https://opensource.apple.com/source/adv_cmds/adv_cmds-168/ps/ps.c.auto.html
PR: 217159
Reported by: Deepak Nagaraj <n.deepak at gmail.com>
Renumber cluase 4 to 3, per what everybody else did when BSD granted
them permission to remove clause 3. My insistance on keeping the same
numbering for legal reasons is too pedantic, so give up on that point.
Submitted by: Jan Schaumann <jschauma@stevens.edu>
Pull Request: https://github.com/freebsd/freebsd/pull/96
The use of DES for anything is discouraged, especially with a static IV of 0
If you still need bdes(1) to decrypt Kirk's video lectures, see
security/bdes in ports.
This commit brought to you by the FOSDEM DevSummit and the
"remove unneeded dependancies on openssl in base" working group
Reviewed by: bapt, brnrd
Relnotes: yes
Sponsored by: FOSDEM DevSummit
Differential Revision: https://reviews.freebsd.org/D9424
The problem here is that the archive is too short (< 512 bytes). The
buffer routines, try to read at least 512 bytes, even when we try to
determine what format file we have, which is wrong.
Obtained from: NetBSD (CVS rev 1.26)
MFC after: 5 days
Unlike UFS or TMPFS, ZFS sets uarch automatically whenever a file is
updated. The test must explicitly clear uarch to be portable across
filesystems. Also, it doesn't need to run as root.
PR: 215179
MFC after: 4 weeks
Sponsored by: Spectra Logic Corp
Differential Revision: https://reviews.freebsd.org/D8741
The return type for both fread(3) and fwrite(3) cannot be negative, this
renders some checks invalid and variable 'ct' unnecessary.
Also bump 'len' to size_t to avoid signed/unsigned comparison warnings.
kinfo_proc::ki_tdname is three characters shorter than
thread::td_name. Add a ki_moretdname field for these three
extra characters. Add the new field to kinfo_proc32, as well.
Update all in-tree consumers to read the new field and assemble
the full name, except for lldb's HostThreadFreeBSD.cpp, which
I will handle separately. Bump __FreeBSD_version.
Reviewed by: kib
MFC after: 1 week
Relnotes: yes
Sponsored by: Dell EMC
Differential Revision: https://reviews.freebsd.org/D8722
dd is a bootstrap tool and that header isn't installed as part of the
bootstrap environment for previous releases (eg freebsd-10.)
We'll figure it out in post and then re-commit it.
X1000 systems on chips.
Imgtec CI20 and Ingenic CANNA boards supported.
Submitted by: Alexander Kabaev <kan@FreeBSD.org>
Reviewed by: Ruslan Bukin <br@FreeBSD.org>
Sponsored by: DARPA, AFRL
Trivially capsicumize some simple programs that just interact with
stdio. This list of programs uses 'pledge("stdio")' in OpenBSD.
No objection from: allanjude, emaste, oshogbo
Sponsored by: Dell EMC Isilon
Differential Revision: https://reviews.freebsd.org/D8307
Per Austin group issue #884, always set IFS to $' \t\n'. As before, IFS will
be exported iff it was in the environment.
Most shells (e.g. bash, ksh93 and mksh) already did this. This change
improves predictability, in that scripts can simply rely on the default
value.
However, the effect on security is little, since applications should not be
calling the shell with attacker-controlled environment variable names in the
first place and other security-sensitive variables such as PATH should be
and are imported by the shell.
When using a new sh with an old (before 10.2) libc wordexp(), IFS is no
longer passed on. Otherwise, wordexp() continues to pass along IFS from the
environment per its documentation.
Discussed with: pfg
Relnotes: yes
Rather than producing a misleading error message when duplicate -l flags are
provided to df(1), simply ignore extra flags and proceed as if only one was
specified. This seems most reasonable given the usage for -l:
-l Only display information about locally-mounted file systems.
l and t flags still conflict, as before.
PR: 208169
Reported by: by at reorigin.com
Reviewed by: allanjude
Some of the ls(1) tests create really large sparse files to validate
the number formatting features of ls(1). Unfortunately, those tests fail
if the underlying test file system does not support sparse files, as is the
case when /tmp is mounted on tmpfs.
Before running these tests, check if the test file system supports sparse
files by using getconf(1) and skip them if not. Note that the support for
this query was just added to getconf(1) in r304694.
Reviewed by: ngie
Differential Revision: https://reviews.freebsd.org/D7609
with cat(1)
cat -be on FreeBSD doesn't align the $ with the start of the line
like NetBSD, et al's cat -be does
PR: 210607
Sponsored by: EMC / Isilon Storage Division
- Some of the lib/libc and lib/thr tests fail
- lib/msun/exp_test:exp2_values now passes with clang 3.8.0
The Makefiles in contrib/netbsd-tests were pruned as they have no value
Sponsored by: EMC / Isilon Storage Division
target. Due to a way issignal() selects the next signal to deliver
and report, if the simultaneous or already pending another signal
exists, that signal might be reported by the next waitpid(2) call.
This causes minor annoyance for debuggers, which must be prepared to
take any signal as the first event, then filter SIGSTOP later.
More importantly, for tools like gcore(1), which attach and then
detach without processing events, SIGSTOP might leak to be delivered
after PT_DETACH. This results in the process being unintentionally
stopped after detach, which is fatal for automatic tools.
The solution is to force SIGSTOP to be the first signal reported after
the attach. Attach code is modified to set P2_PTRACE_FSTP to indicate
that the attaching ritual was not yet finished, and issignal() prefers
SIGSTOP in that condition. Also, the thread which handles
P2_PTRACE_FSTP is made to guarantee to own p_xthread during the first
waitpid(2). All that ensures that SIGSTOP is consumed first.
Additionally, if P2_PTRACE_FSTP is still set on detach, which means
that waitpid(2) was not called at all, SIGSTOP is removed from the
queue, ensuring that the process is resumed on detach.
In issignal(), when acting on STOPing signals, remove the signal from
queue before suspending. Otherwise parallel attach could result in
ptracestop() acting on that STOP as if it was the STOP signal from the
attach. Then SIGSTOP from attach leaks again.
As a minor refactoring, some bits of the common attach code is moved
to new helper proc_set_traced().
Reported by: markj
Reviewed by: jhb, markj
Tested by: pho
Sponsored by: The FreeBSD Foundation
MFC after: 2 weeks
Differential revision: https://reviews.freebsd.org/D7256
Instead of changing the whole course to another POSIX-permitted way
for consistency and uniformity I decide to completely ignore missing
regex fucntionality and focus on fixing bugs in what we have now,
too many small obstacles we have choicing other way, counting ports.
Corresponding libc changes are backed out in r302824.
On machines where SIZE_T_MAX exceeds OFF_MAX (signed 64-bit), permit seeking
character devices to negative off_t values. This enables dd(1) to interact
with kernel KVA in /dev/kmem on amd64, for example.
Sponsored by: EMC / Isilon Storage Division
This is the same issue as r297997, but was missed in it.
The WARNS value changes between 'build-tools' (MK_WARNS=no) and
'everything' resulting in a rebuild of this file.
Approved by: re (implicit)
Sponsored by: EMC / Isilon Storage Division
The fix in r300649 was not sufficient to convince Coverity that the
buffer was NUL terminated, even with the buffer pre-zeroed. Swap
the size and nmemb arguments to fread() so that a valid lenght is
returned, which we can use to terminate the string in the buffer
at the correct location. This should also quiet the complaint about
the return value of fread() not being checked.
Reported by: Coverity
CID: 1019054, 1009614
MFC after: 1 week
The first file in these lists will generate everything else so only
it should be getting a .meta file. With bmake's missing=yes meta
feature these would otherwise cause a rebuild without the
.NOMETA hint.
Sponsored by: EMC / Isilon Storage Division
ki_flag and ki_tdflag have been 'long', not 'int', since 2000 and 2005,
respectively.
Submitted by: Shawn Wills <swills at isilon dot com>
Sponsored by: EMC / Isilon Storage Division
case of \c in the prompt format string is a no-op. We already passed
this test at the top of the loop, and i has not yet been incremented in
this path. Change this test to (i < PROMPTLEN - 2).
Reported by: Coverity
CID: 1008328
Reviewed by: cem
MFC after: 1 week
This will make things more flexible if the program path changes in the future,
and the test in and of itself doesn't call /usr/bin/bc -- it just calls bc
MFC after: 1 week
Sponsored by: EMC / Isilon Storage Division
There is no need to to call strdup() on the value returned by fmt().
The latter calls fmt_argv() which always returns a dynamically
allocated string, and calling strdup() on that leaks the memory
allocated by fmt_argv(). Wave some const magic on ki_args and
ki_env to make the direct assignment happy. This requires a tweak
to the asprintf() case to avoid a const vs. non-const mismatch.
Reported by: Coverity
CID: 1011370
MFC after: 1 week
Replace the magic constant 127 in the loop interation count with
"PROMPTLEN - 1".
gethostname() is not guaranteed to NUL terminate the destination
string if it is too short. Decrease the length passed to gethostname()
by one, and add a NUL at the end of the buffer to make sure the
following loop to find the end of the name properly terminates.
The default: case is the likely cause of Coverity CID 1008328. If
i is 126 at the top of the loop interation where the default case
is triggered, i will be incremented to 127 by the default case,
then incremented to 128 at the top of the loop before being compared
to 127 (PROMPTLENT - 1) and terminating the loop. Then the NUL
termination code after the loop will write to ps[128]. Fix by
checking for overflow before incrementing the index and storing the
second character in the buffer.
These fixes are not guaranteed to satisfy Coverity. The code that
increments i in the 'h'/'H' and 'w'/'W' cases may be beyond its
capability to analyze, but the code appears to be safe.
Reported by: Coverity
CID: 1008328
Reviewed by: jilles, cem
MFC after: 1 week
Differential Revision: https://reviews.freebsd.org/D6482
- Use arc4random_uniform(3).
- Prevent a segmentation fault when ed receives a signal
while being in getpass(). [1]
Obtained from: OpenBSD [1] (CVS Rev. 1.15)
MFC after: 2 weeks
When getline(3) in 2009 was added a _WITH_GETLINE guard has also been added.
This rename is made in preparation for the removal of this guard
Obtained from: NetBSD
after r298107
Summary of changes:
- Replace all instances of FILES/TESTS with ${PACKAGE}FILES. This ensures that
namespacing is kept with FILES appropriately, and that this shouldn't need
to be repeated if the namespace changes -- only the definition of PACKAGE
needs to be changed
- Allow PACKAGE to be overridden by callers instead of forcing it to always be
`tests`. In the event we get to the point where things can be split up
enough in the base system, it would make more sense to group the tests
with the blocks they're a part of, e.g. byacc with byacc-tests, etc
- Remove PACKAGE definitions where possible, i.e. where FILES wasn't used
previously.
- Remove unnecessary TESTSPACKAGE definitions; this has been elided into
bsd.tests.mk
- Remove unnecessary BINDIRs used previously with ${PACKAGE}FILES;
${PACKAGE}FILESDIR is now automatically defined in bsd.test.mk.
- Fix installation of files under data/ subdirectories in lib/libc/tests/hash
and lib/libc/tests/net/getaddrinfo
- Remove unnecessary .include <bsd.own.mk>s (some opportunistic cleanup)
Document the proposed changes in share/examples/tests/tests/... via examples
so it's clear that ${PACKAGES}FILES is the suggested way forward in terms of
replacing FILES. share/mk/bsd.README didn't seem like the appropriate method
of communicating that info.
MFC after: never probably
X-MFC with: r298107
PR: 209114
Relnotes: yes
Tested with: buildworld, installworld, checkworld; buildworld, packageworld
Sponsored by: EMC / Isilon Storage Division
If the hostname is empty and \h is used in $PS1,
the remainder of the prompt following \h will be empty.
Likewise for $PWD and \w. Fix it.
Reviewed by: jilles
MFC after: 1 week
Sponsored by: Dell Inc.
Differential Revision: https://reviews.freebsd.org/D6188
Fix a related typo while here.
Note, this change results in the Kyuafile inclusion in the runtime
package, which needs to be fixed, however addresses the PR as far
as I can tell in my tests.
PR: 209114
Submitted by: ngie
Sponsored by: The FreeBSD Foundation
is invalid. It is used to find the size of allocated memory. As malloc may
allocate memory with mmap it will fail to take this memory into account.
Obtained from: brooks
This avoids 'build command changed' due to CFLAGS/CC changes during the
normal build. Without this the build-tools targets end up rebuilding
for the *target* rather than keeping the native versions built in
build-tools.
Sponsored by: EMC / Isilon Storage Division
At least for ncurses this fixes a build error due to it trying to run
'ccache --version' to work around a gcc 5 bug using the fix in r287205.
Sponsored by: EMC / Isilon Storage Division
libraries (such as libthr) which maintain their own signal state. This
change adds the tcsh SAVESIGVEC option to save and restore the sigvecs for
the signals the child modifies before it execs.
Reviewed by: kib, rwatson
Reported by: kib
breaking the ABI. Special value is stored in the lock pointer to
indicate shared lock, and offline page in the shared memory is
allocated to store the actual lock.
Reviewed by: vangyzen (previous version)
Discussed with: deischen, emaste, jhb, rwatson,
Martin Simmons <martin@lispworks.com>
Tested by: pho
Sponsored by: The FreeBSD Foundation
(when they actually get committed, that is), and might also come in handy
in other situations.
Reviewed by: wblock@ (man page)
MFC after: 1 month
Sponsored by: The FreeBSD Foundation
These are no longer needed after the recent 'beforebuild: depend' changes
and hooking DIRDEPS_BUILD into a subset of FAST_DEPEND which supports
skipping 'make depend'.
Sponsored by: EMC / Isilon Storage Division
The intent of the previous code in that case was to force
an explicit write, but the implementation was incorrect, and
as a result the write was never performed. This new implementation
instead uses ftruncate(2) to extend the file with a trailing hole.
Also introduce regression tests for these cases.
PR: 189284
(original PR whose fix introduced this bug)
PR: 207092
Differential Revision: D5248
Reviewed by: sobomax,kib
MFC after: 2 weeks
Note: tcsh(1) has a MK_TCSH=no test, so this should be a separate
package, which requires pre-install/post-install scripts, to be
added later.
Sponsored by: The FreeBSD Foundation
The symbols of libiconv from ports were changed to
have prefixed.
Since we have iconv in our libc these days, we don't
need it on 10.X and later. However, 9.X still need
this.
Spotted by: Yoshihiko Sarumaru
MFC after: 1 days
Builtins (including variable assignments without command word), function
calls and redirected compound commands need to restore file descriptors
to their original state after execution. This is handled by allocating a
redirtab structure. These mallocs and frees show up heavily in pmcstat.
Only allocate a redirtab if there are actually redirections and maintain a
count of how many levels of REDIR_PUSH there are without redirtabs.
A simple loop without external programs like
sh -c 'i=0; w=$(printf %0100d 7); while [ "$i" -lt 1000000 ]; do
i=$((i+1)); done'
is over 25% faster on an amd64 bhyve VM.
The linear search using strcmp() shows up in pmcstat for several percent.
Split the operators into lengths and whether they start with '-' and compare
bytes using == instead of strcmp().
A simple test
sh -c 'i=0; w=$(printf %0100d 7); while [ "$i" -lt 1000000 ]; do
v=$(printf %sx%s "$w" "$w"); i=$((i+1)); done'
is over 4% faster on an amd64 bhyve VM.
Forbid (temporary or permanent) modifications of the strings in NARG nodes
during expansion.
Tilde expansion now needs to copy the username for the terminating '\0'.
Per POSIX, 'cd -' should use the OLDPWD shell variable, not internal state.
This variable is normally exported.
Also, if OLDPWD is not set, fail 'cd -' instead of changing to the current
directory.
Some variables like PATH call a function when modified. Make sure to call
this also when leaving a function where such a variable was made local.
Make sure to restore local variables before shellparam, so getopts state is
not clobbered.
Redirect 'cd -' output to /dev/null since POSIX requires it to write the new
directory name even if not interactive, but we currently only write it if
interactive.
Command substitutions containing a single simple command and here-document
expansion are performed in a subshell environment, but may not fork. Any
modified state of the shell environment should be restored afterward.
The state that OPTIND=1 had been done was not saved and restored here.
Note that the other parts of shellparam need not be saved and restored,
since they are not modified in these situations (a fork is done before such
modifications).
With the new expand.c code, the intermediate representation passed to the
pathname generation code only contains CTLESC, not CTLQUOTEMARK.
CTLQUOTEMARK now only occurs in the text of NARG nodes (output of the
parser).
