the process of exiting the kernel. The ast() function now loops as long
as the PS_ASTPENDING or PS_NEEDRESCHED flags are set. It returns with
preemption disabled so that any further AST's that arrive via an
interrupt will be delayed until the low-level MD code returns to user
mode.
- Use u_int's to store the tick counts for profiling purposes so that we
do not need sched_lock just to read p_sticks. This also closes a
problem where the call to addupc_task() could screw up the arithmetic
due to non-atomic reads of p_sticks.
- Axe need_proftick(), aston(), astoff(), astpending(), need_resched(),
clear_resched(), and resched_wanted() in favor of direct bit operations
on p_sflag.
- Fix up locking with sched_lock some. In addupc_intr(), use sched_lock
to ensure pr_addr and pr_ticks are updated atomically with setting
PS_OWEUPC. In ast() we clear pr_ticks atomically with clearing
PS_OWEUPC. We also do not grab the lock just to test a flag.
- Simplify the handling of Giant in ast() slightly.
Reviewed by: bde (mostly)
lock until after grabbing the sched_lock to avoid CURSIG racing with
psignal.
- Don't grab Giant for addupc_task() as it isn't needed.
Reported by: tegge (signal race), bde (addupc_task a while back)
simpler for npx exceptions that start as traps (no assembly required...)
and works better for npx exceptions that start as interrupts (there is
no longer a problem for nested interrupts).
Submitted by: original (pre-SMPng) version by luoqi
vm_mtx does not recurse and is required for most low level
vm operations.
faults can not be taken without holding Giant.
Memory subsystems can now call the base page allocators safely.
Almost all atomic ops were removed as they are covered under the
vm mutex.
Alpha and ia64 now need to catch up to i386's trap handlers.
FFS and NFS have been tested, other filesystems will need minor
changes (grabbing the vm lock when twiddling page properties).
Reviewed (partially) by: jake, jhb
been made machine independent and various other adjustments have been made
to support Alpha SMP.
- It splits the per-process portions of hardclock() and statclock() off
into hardclock_process() and statclock_process() respectively. hardclock()
and statclock() call the *_process() functions for the current process so
that UP systems will run as before. For SMP systems, it is simply necessary
to ensure that all other processors execute the *_process() functions when the
main clock functions are triggered on one CPU by an interrupt. For the alpha
4100, clock interrupts are delievered in a staggered broadcast fashion, so
we simply call hardclock/statclock on the boot CPU and call the *_process()
functions on the secondaries. For x86, we call statclock and hardclock as
usual and then call forward_hardclock/statclock in the MD code to send an IPI
to cause the AP's to execute forwared_hardclock/statclock which then call the
*_process() functions.
- forward_signal() and forward_roundrobin() have been reworked to be MI and to
involve less hackery. Now the cpu doing the forward sets any flags, etc. and
sends a very simple IPI_AST to the other cpu(s). AST IPIs now just basically
return so that they can execute ast() and don't bother with setting the
astpending or needresched flags themselves. This also removes the loop in
forward_signal() as sched_lock closes the race condition that the loop worked
around.
- need_resched(), resched_wanted() and clear_resched() have been changed to take
a process to act on rather than assuming curproc so that they can be used to
implement forward_roundrobin() as described above.
- Various other SMP variables have been moved to a MI subr_smp.c and a new
header sys/smp.h declares MI SMP variables and API's. The IPI API's from
machine/ipl.h have moved to machine/smp.h which is included by sys/smp.h.
- The globaldata_register() and globaldata_find() functions as well as the
SLIST of globaldata structures has become MI and moved into subr_smp.c.
Also, the globaldata list is only available if SMP support is compiled in.
Reviewed by: jake, peter
Looked over by: eivind
- Don't try to grab Giant before postsig() in userret() as it is no longer
needed.
- Don't grab Giant before psignal() in ast() but get the proc lock instead.
to be more like Xint0x80_syscall and less like c function syscall().
- Reduce code duplication between the int0x80 and lcall handlers by
shuffling the elfags into the right place, saving the sizeof the
instruction in tf_err and jumping into the common int0x80 code.
Reviewed by: peter
the the original trapframe of the syscall, trap, or interrupt that entered
the kernel. Before SMPng, ast's were handled via a psuedo trap at the
end of doerti. With the SMPng commit, ast's were broken out into a
separate ast() function that was called from doreti to match the behavior
of other architectures. Unfortunately, when this was done, the
p_md.md_regs member of curproc was not updateda in ast(), thus when
signals are handled by userret() after an interrupt that returns to
userland, we end up using a stale trapframe that will result in the
registers from the old trapframe overwriting the real trapframe and
smashing all the registers right before we return to usermode. The saved
%cs:%eip from where we were in usermode are saved in the trapframe for
example.
- Don't use an atomic operation to update cnt.v_soft in ast(). This is
the only place the variable is written to, and sched_lock is always
held when it is written, so it is already protected and the mutex release
of sched_lock asserts a memory barrier that ensures the value will be
updated in a timely fashion.
- Don't hold sched_lock around addupc_task() as this apparently breaks
profiling badly due to sched_lock being held across copyin().
Reported by: bde (2)
in mi_switch() just before calling cpu_switch() so that the first switch
after a resched request will satisfy the request.
- While I'm at it, move a few things into mi_switch() and out of
cpu_switch(), specifically set the p_oncpu and p_lastcpu members of
proc in mi_switch(), and handle the sched_lock state change across a
context switch in mi_switch().
- Since cpu_switch() no longer handles the sched_lock state change, we
have to setup an initial state for sched_lock in fork_exit() before we
release it.
always on curproc. This is needed to implement signal delivery properly
(see a future log message for kern_sig.c).
Debogotified the definition of aston(). aston() was defined in terms
of signotify() (perhaps because only the latter already operated on
a specified process), but aston() is the primitive.
Similar changes are needed in the ia64 versions of cpu.h and trap.c.
I didn't make them because the ia64 is missing the prerequisite changes
to make astpending and need_resched per-process and those changes are
too large to make without testing.
- All processes go into the same array of queues, with different
scheduling classes using different portions of the array. This
allows user processes to have their priorities propogated up into
interrupt thread range if need be.
- I chose 64 run queues as an arbitrary number that is greater than
32. We used to have 4 separate arrays of 32 queues each, so this
may not be optimal. The new run queue code was written with this
in mind; changing the number of run queues only requires changing
constants in runq.h and adjusting the priority levels.
- The new run queue code takes the run queue as a parameter. This
is intended to be used to create per-cpu run queues. Implement
wrappers for compatibility with the old interface which pass in
the global run queue structure.
- Group the priority level, user priority, native priority (before
propogation) and the scheduling class into a struct priority.
- Change any hard coded priority levels that I found to use
symbolic constants (TTIPRI and TTOPRI).
- Remove the curpriority global variable and use that of curproc.
This was used to detect when a process' priority had lowered and
it should yield. We now effectively yield on every interrupt.
- Activate propogate_priority(). It should now have the desired
effect without needing to also propogate the scheduling class.
- Temporarily comment out the call to vm_page_zero_idle() in the
idle loop. It interfered with propogate_priority() because
the idle process needed to do a non-blocking acquire of Giant
and then other processes would try to propogate their priority
onto it. The idle process should not do anything except idle.
vm_page_zero_idle() will return in the form of an idle priority
kernel thread which is woken up at apprioriate times by the vm
system.
- Update struct kinfo_proc to the new priority interface. Deliberately
change its size by adjusting the spare fields. It remained the same
size, but the layout has changed, so userland processes that use it
would parse the data incorrectly. The size constraint should really
be changed to an arbitrary version number. Also add a debug.sizeof
sysctl node for struct kinfo_proc.
attributes. This is needed for AST's to be properly posted in a preemptive
kernel. They are backed by two new flags in p_sflag: PS_ASTPENDING and
PS_NEEDRESCHED. They are still accesssed by their old macros:
aston(), astoff(), etc. For completeness, an astpending() macro has been
added to check for a pending AST, and clear_resched() has been added to
clear need_resched().
- Rename syscall2() on the x86 back to syscall() to be consistent with
other architectures.
mtx_enter(lock, type) becomes:
mtx_lock(lock) for sleep locks (MTX_DEF-initialized locks)
mtx_lock_spin(lock) for spin locks (MTX_SPIN-initialized)
similarily, for releasing a lock, we now have:
mtx_unlock(lock) for MTX_DEF and mtx_unlock_spin(lock) for MTX_SPIN.
We change the caller interface for the two different types of locks
because the semantics are entirely different for each case, and this
makes it explicitly clear and, at the same time, it rids us of the
extra `type' argument.
The enter->lock and exit->unlock change has been made with the idea
that we're "locking data" and not "entering locked code" in mind.
Further, remove all additional "flags" previously passed to the
lock acquire/release routines with the exception of two:
MTX_QUIET and MTX_NOSWITCH
The functionality of these flags is preserved and they can be passed
to the lock/unlock routines by calling the corresponding wrappers:
mtx_{lock, unlock}_flags(lock, flag(s)) and
mtx_{lock, unlock}_spin_flags(lock, flag(s)) for MTX_DEF and MTX_SPIN
locks, respectively.
Re-inline some lock acq/rel code; in the sleep lock case, we only
inline the _obtain_lock()s in order to ensure that the inlined code
fits into a cache line. In the spin lock case, we inline recursion and
actually only perform a function call if we need to spin. This change
has been made with the idea that we generally tend to avoid spin locks
and that also the spin locks that we do have and are heavily used
(i.e. sched_lock) do recurse, and therefore in an effort to reduce
function call overhead for some architectures (such as alpha), we
inline recursion for this case.
Create a new malloc type for the witness code and retire from using
the M_DEV type. The new type is called M_WITNESS and is only declared
if WITNESS is enabled.
Begin cleaning up some machdep/mutex.h code - specifically updated the
"optimized" inlined code in alpha/mutex.h and wrote MTX_LOCK_SPIN
and MTX_UNLOCK_SPIN asm macros for the i386/mutex.h as we presently
need those.
Finally, caught up to the interface changes in all sys code.
Contributors: jake, jhb, jasone (in no particular order)
that name as a variable. Use mtx_owned(&Giant) where appropriate
instead.
- Proc locking.
- P_FOO -> PS_FOO.
- Update comments about enable interrupts during trap and why this may be
bad if we trap while holding a spin mutex.
- Don't bother resetting p to curproc in syscall() in case we are the child
returning from fork. The child hasn't returned from fork through syscall
in a while.
- Remove fork_return() as it has been superseded by the MI version.
interrupt threads to run with it always >= 1, so that malloc can
detect M_WAITOK from "interrupt" context. This is also necessary
in order to context switch from sched_ithd() directly.
Reviewed By: peter
vm86_trap() to return to the calling program directly. vm86_trap()
doesn't return, thus it was never returning to trap() to release
Giant. Thus, release Giant before calling vm86_trap().
held and panic if so (conditional on witness).
- Change witness_list to return the number of locks held so this is easier.
- Add kern/syscalls.c to the kernel build if witness is defined so that the
panic message can contain the name of the offending system call.
- Add assertions that Giant and sched_lock are not held when returning from
a system call, which were missing for alpha and ia64.
may block on a mutex while on the sleep queue without corrupting
it.
- Move dropping of Giant to after the acquire of sched_lock.
Tested by: John Hay <jhay@icomtek.csir.co.za>
jhb
acquire Giant as needed in functions that call mi_switch(). The releases
need to be done outside of the sched_lock to avoid potential deadlocks
from trying to acquire Giant while interrupts are disabled.
Submitted by: witness
return through doreti to handle ast's. This is necessary for the
clock interrupts to work properly.
- Change the clock interrupts on the x86 to be fast instead of threaded.
This is needed because both hardclock() and statclock() need to run in
the context of the current process, not in a separate thread context.
- Kill the prevproc hack as it is no longer needed.
- We really need Giant when we call psignal(), but we don't want to block
during the clock interrupt. Instead, use two p_flag's in the proc struct
to mark the current process as having a pending SIGVTALRM or a SIGPROF
and let them be delivered during ast() when hardclock() has finished
running.
- Remove CLKF_BASEPRI, which was #ifdef'd out on the x86 anyways. It was
broken on the x86 if it was turned on since cpl is gone. It's only use
was to bogusly run softclock() directly during hardclock() rather than
scheduling an SWI.
- Remove the COM_LOCK simplelock and replace it with a clock_lock spin
mutex. Since the spin mutex already handles disabling/restoring
interrupts appropriately, this also lets us axe all the *_intr() fu.
- Back out the hacks in the APIC_IO x86 cpu_initclocks() code to use
temporary fast interrupts for the APIC trial.
- Add two new process flags P_ALRMPEND and P_PROFPEND to mark the pending
signals in hardclock() that are to be delivered in ast().
Submitted by: jakeb (making statclock safe in a fast interrupt)
Submitted by: cp (concept of delaying signals until ast())
curproc was initialized. curproc == NULL was interpreted as matching
the process holding Giant... Just skip mtx_enter() and mtx_exit() in
trap() if (curproc == NULL && cold) (&& cold for safety).
include:
* Mutual exclusion is used instead of spl*(). See mutex(9). (Note: The
alpha port is still in transition and currently uses both.)
* Per-CPU idle processes.
* Interrupts are run in their own separate kernel threads and can be
preempted (i386 only).
Partially contributed by: BSDi (BSD/OS)
Submissions by (at least): cp, dfr, dillon, grog, jake, jhb, sheldonh
panicing and return a status so that we can decide whether to drop
into DDB or panic. If the status from isa_nmi is true, panic the
kernel based on machdep.panic_on_nmi, otherwise if DDB is
enabled, drop to DDB based on machdep.ddb_on_nmi.
Reviewed by: peter, phk
a NMI occured, you could type continue in DDB and the kernel would
not attempt to detect what type of NMI was recieved. Now we check
for the type of NMI first and then go to DDB if it is enabled.
This will solve the problem with having DDB enabled and getting an
NMI due to some possibly bad error and being able to continue the
operation of the kernel when you really want to panic and know
what happened.
Submitted by: jhb
syscall path inward. A system call may select whether it needs the MP
lock or not (the default being that it does need it).
A great deal of conditional SMP code for various deadended experiments
has been removed. 'cil' and 'cml' have been removed entirely, and the
locking around the cpl has been removed. The conditional
separately-locked fast-interrupt code has been removed, meaning that
interrupts must hold the CPL now (but they pretty much had to anyway).
Another reason for doing this is that the original separate-lock for
interrupts just doesn't apply to the interrupt thread mechanism being
contemplated.
Modifications to the cpl may now ONLY occur while holding the MP
lock. For example, if an otherwise MP safe syscall needs to mess with
the cpl, it must hold the MP lock for the duration and must (as usual)
save/restore the cpl in a nested fashion.
This is precursor work for the real meat coming later: avoiding having
to hold the MP lock for common syscalls and I/O's and interrupt threads.
It is expected that the spl mechanisms and new interrupt threading
mechanisms will be able to run in tandem, allowing a slow piecemeal
transition to occur.
This patch should result in a moderate performance improvement due to
the considerable amount of code that has been removed from the critical
path, especially the simplification of the spl*() calls. The real
performance gains will come later.
Approved by: jkh
Reviewed by: current, bde (exception.s)
Some work taken from: luoqi's patch
