The intention of /etc/passwd was to support legacy applications that are
not yet converted to use modern API like getpwent(3). Comments are not
defined in the legacy format, so copying them could break these
applications. Plus, it could leak sensitive information (e.g. encrypted
form of password of an user that was commented out instead of deleted
or disabled).
PR: bin/144652
MFC after: 1 month
Legacy v3 db support was retired in r333133, and it was v3 support that
required the -B and -L options. The options were retained temporarily,
but now that stable/12 has branched they can be removed.
Sponsored by: The FreeBSD Foundation
pwd_mkdb has emitted v4 password database records since 2003 (r113596)
in addition to v3, and as of r283981 by default it emitted only v4.
As described in r283981, retire the -l legacy option.
The -B and -L options were originally added to set the endianness of v3
records emitted by pwd_mkdb, but they also set the db hash endiannes and
so have been retained temporarily.
Announced on the FreeBSD-Current and FreeBSD-Stable lists. In stable/11
the man page contains a deprecation notice, and pwd_mkdb will emit a
deprecation notice if the -l option is specified.
Reviewed by: delphij, lidl, rgrimes
Relnotes: Yes
Sponsored by: The FreeBSD Foundation
Differential Revision: https://reviews.freebsd.org/D15144
For cross-architecture reproducibility. The db(3) functions work with
hashes of either endianness, and the current (v4) version password db
entries already store integers in network order. Do so with the hash as
well so that identical password databases can be created on big- and
little-endian hosts.
The -B and -L flags exist to set the endianness for legacy (v3) entries
when the -l flag is used, and they will still control hash endianness
(at least until the backwards compatibility infrastructure is removed).
MFC after: 1 week
Sponsored by: The FreeBSD Foundation
r283981 switched pwd_mkdb to emit only v4 database entries by default,
and introduced a -l (legacy) option emit v3 entries in addition. The
commit message claims that legacy support will be removed in 12.0, so
emit a warning now if it is used.
Mainly focus on files that use BSD 3-Clause license.
The Software Package Data Exchange (SPDX) group provides a specification
to make it easier for automated tools to detect and summarize well known
opensource licenses. We are gradually adopting the specification, noting
that the tags are considered only advisory and do not, in any way,
superceed or replace the license texts.
Special thanks to Wind River for providing access to "The Duke of
Highlander" tool: an older (2014) run over FreeBSD tree was useful as a
starting point.
Renumber cluase 4 to 3, per what everybody else did when BSD granted
them permission to remove clause 3. My insistance on keeping the same
numbering for legal reasons is too pedantic, so give up on that point.
Submitted by: Jan Schaumann <jschauma@stevens.edu>
Pull Request: https://github.com/freebsd/freebsd/pull/96
dp that opens the database with PERM_INSECURE, so we need to check sdp->put
against sdp instead of use dp->put.
PR: bin/191720
Submitted by: Miles Ohlrich <turingsboy@yahoo.com>
Approved by: rodrigc (mentor)
Differential Revision: https://reviews.freebsd.org/D4255
temporary file is created and then a rename() call move it to official file.
This operation didn't have any check to make sure data was written to disk
and if a power cycle happens system could end up with a 0 length passwd
or group database.
There is a pfSense bug with more infor about it:
https://redmine.pfsense.org/issues/4523
The following changes were made to protect passwd and group operations:
* lib/libutil/gr_util.c:
- Replace mkstemp() by mkostemp() with O_SYNC flag to create temp file
- After rename(), fsync() call on directory for faster result
* lib/libutil/pw_util.c
- Replace mkstemp() by mkostemp() with O_SYNC flag to create temp file
* usr.sbin/pwd_mkdb/pwd_mkdb.c
- Added O_SYNC flag on dbopen() calls
- After rename(), fsync() call on directory for faster result
* lib/libutil/pw_util.3
- pw_lock() returns a file descriptor to master password file on success
Differential Revision: https://reviews.freebsd.org/D2978
Approved by: bapt
Sponsored by: Netgate
been generating both new (machine independent) and legacy version
entries (endianness sensitive).
The base system have been using the new format for quite some time,
so disable the generation by default.
An interim option, -l, have been added to re-enable old behavior.
The -l, -B and -L options are considered deprecated and will be
removed in FreeBSD 12.0 release.
was incrementing it twice making it impossible to iterate the table
since the records were 1, 3, 5, 7 (or 2, 4, 6, 8 for the v3 records).
MFC after: 10 days
asked to verify a passwd file (pwd_mkdb -C).
Entries with oversized usernames are still permitted when building
the passwd database.
When entries are >= MAXLOGNAME in length, they are correctly stored
in passwd, pwd.db and spwd.db but are only correctly retrieved by
getpwent*() and getpwuid*(). getpwnam*() truncates to MAXLOGNAME - 1
when reading from a file (breaking at least sh, tcsh and bash)
and utilities such as su(1) check, complain and fail if the
passed name is >= MAXLOGNAME in length.
MFC after: 3 weeks
avoid the confusing error message about the line being too long). This
change uses fgetln to detect the right conditions, but the fixed-width
line buffer is kept because too many other places in the program make
assumptions about its maximum width.
Approved by: re (scottl)
While version 4 entries are architecture-independent, we
also store old (version 3) entries in native byte order.
Also, the hash itself is created in a native byte order.
With this change, pwd_mkdb(8) can be used to cross-build
*pwd.db files for another architecture.
Tested on: i386, amd64, alpha, sparc64
you've specified a directory. It is intended to be used in building
custom releases over NFS where locking may be unreliable at best and
there is no contention that the locking is designed to arbitrate.
Other uses of this flag are discouraged. Document same in usage and
man page (including the warning about unwise).
Sponsored by: Timing Solutions
(1) use strlcpy instead of strncpy since the use here of the latter
was incorrect.
(2) Move 'N' case into proper sorted order (sorted the same way that
ls sorts its args).
do not add the "\xFF" "VERSION" key --- it should only be added once
ALL entries have been updated.
While I'm here, correct the logic that detects whether or not the
user-ID has changed so that it works even if all entries have not
yet been updated to the new format.
Users missing-in-action were
Reported by: tjr, Vallo Kallaste <vallo@estcard.ee>,
leafy <leafy@leafy.idv.tw>
Sponsored by: DARPA, Network Associates Laboratories
at least one consumer outside of libc and pwd_mkdb.
Adjust the versioning in libc and pwd_mkdb accordingly.
named was the application affected, and that fact was first
Reported by: Zherdev Anatoly <tolyar@mx.ru>
Sponsored by: DARPA, Network Associates Laboratories
family of functions using the new nsdispatch(3) core. Remove
arbitrary size limits when using the thread-safe versions.
= Re-implement the traditional getpwent(3)/getgrent(3) functions on
top of the thread-safe versions.
= Update the on-disk format of the hashed version of the passwd(5)
databases to allow for versioned entries. The legacy version is
`3'. (Don't ask.)
= Add support for version `4' entries in the passwd(5) database.
Entries in this format are identical to version 3 entries except
that all integers are stored as 32-bit integers in network byte
order (big endian).
= pwd_mkdb is updated to generate both version 3 and version 4
entries.
Sponsored by: DARPA, Network Associates Laboratories
since that is what we use now and this insulates us from any time_t
tweaks here. We can define a record format that uses 64 bit times if/when
we need to.
configure FreeBSD so that various databases such as passwd and group can be
looked up using flat files, NIS, or Hesiod.
= Hesiod has been added to libc (see hesiod(3)).
= A library routine for parsing nsswitch.conf and invoking callback
functions as specified has been added to libc (see nsdispatch(3)).
= The following C library functions have been modified to use nsdispatch:
. getgrent, getgrnam, getgrgid
. getpwent, getpwnam, getpwuid
. getusershell
. getaddrinfo
. gethostbyname, gethostbyname2, gethostbyaddr
. getnetbyname, getnetbyaddr
. getipnodebyname, getipnodebyaddr, getnodebyname, getnodebyaddr
= host.conf has been removed from src/etc. rc.network has been modified
to warn that host.conf is no longer used at boot time. In addition, if
there is a host.conf but no nsswitch.conf, the latter is created at boot
time from the former.
Obtained from: NetBSD
and gids bigger than 16 bits. Added checks for uids and gids that are
bigger than 32 bits.
Approved by: jkh (partly, this fix is bigger than I first intended)
the environment. This allows big ID warnings to be suppressed for
vipw and chpass as well.
Since the environment variable test is only performed for callers
of pw_scan() that do not set pw_big_ids_warning, the test can still
be overriden. Currently, chpass and pwd_mkdb are the only users
of pw_scan() and neither of them overrides the environment variable
test.
in getopt(). The code was there, the means to use it wasn't.
Also update the usage() statment to reflect reality.
PR: bin/9248
Submitted by: Jos Backus <jbackus@plex.nl>
Forgotten By: dillon
Have pwd_mkdb lock the source file while rebuilding the database. When
called by programs such as vipw, the source file is a temporary file and
this does not conflict with the lock on /etc/master.passwd already held
by vipw. When run manually, however, master.passwd is typically specified
as the argument and the locking prevents other programs from messing with
master.passwd during the database rebuild.
Also pwd_mkdb uses a blocking exclusive lock as it may be called from
a script. The -N option was added to cause pwd_mkdb to get the lock
non-blocking and exit with an error if the attempt fails, again useful
for scripts.
