The PBKDF2 in sys/geom/eli/pkcs5v2.c is around half the speed it could be
GELI's PBKDF2 uses a simple benchmark to determine a number of iterations
that will takes approximately 2 seconds. The security provided is actually
half what is expected, because an attacker could use the optimized
algorithm to brute force the key in half the expected time.
With this change, all newly generated GELI keys will be approximately 2x
as strong. Previously generated keys will talk half as long to calculate,
resulting in faster mounting of encrypted volumes. Users may choose to
rekey, to generate a new key with the larger default number of iterations
using the geli(8) setkey command.
Security of existing data is not compromised, as ~1 second per brute force
attempt is still a very high threshold.
PR: 202365
Original Research: https://jbp.io/2015/08/11/pbkdf2-performance-matters/
Submitted by: Joe Pixton <jpixton@gmail.com> (Original Version), jmg (Later Version)
Reviewed by: ed, pjd, delphij
Approved by: secteam, pjd (maintainer)
MFC after: 2 weeks
Differential Revision: https://reviews.freebsd.org/D8236
If one of the scripts listed in (daily|weekly|monthly)_local is executable,
999.local should simply execute it. Only if the script isn't executable
should 999.local assume it needs /bin/sh.
Reviewed by: brian
MFC after: 3 weeks
Sponsored by: Spectra Logic Corp
* Rewrite r_buf to use standard tail queues instead of a hand-rolled
circular linked list. Free dynamic allocations when done.
* Remove an optimization for the case where the file is a multiple of 128KB
in size and there is a scarcity of memory.
* Add ATF tests for "tail -r" and its variants.
Reported by: Valgrind
Reviewed by: ngie
MFC after: 4 weeks
Sponsored by: Spectra Logic Corp
Differential Revision: https://reviews.freebsd.org/D9067
Our previous ntp.conf file configured 3 servers from freebsd.pool.ntp.org
using 3 separate 'server' config lines. That is now replaced with a single
'pool' line which causes ntpd to add multiple servers from the pool.
More than just making the config smaller, the pool feature in ntpd has one
major advantage over configuring 3 separate servers from a pool: if a server
that was added using a 'pool' statement provides bad time (initially or at
some later date), ntpd automatically discards it and configures a new
different server from the pool without needing to be restarted.
These changes also add a 'tos' line to control how many pool servers get
added, a 'restrict source' line that is required to allow ntpd to add new
peers from the pool, and it deletes a 'restrict 127.127.1.0' line that does
nothing and should never have been there (127.127.1.0 is not a valid IP
address, it's a refclock identifier).
Differential Revision: https://reviews.freebsd.org/D9011
This will allow new users to uncomment the modules and have things work
with less head scratching, in the event they decide to uncomment any
of the section separators, e.g. %usm or %vcm, as the module loading is
only effective in the %default section.
MFC after: 1 week
Changes include modifications in kernel crash dump routines, dumpon(8) and
savecore(8). A new tool called decryptcore(8) was added.
A new DIOCSKERNELDUMP I/O control was added to send a kernel crash dump
configuration in the diocskerneldump_arg structure to the kernel.
The old DIOCSKERNELDUMP I/O control was renamed to DIOCSKERNELDUMP_FREEBSD11 for
backward ABI compatibility.
dumpon(8) generates an one-time random symmetric key and encrypts it using
an RSA public key in capability mode. Currently only AES-256-CBC is supported
but EKCD was designed to implement support for other algorithms in the future.
The public key is chosen using the -k flag. The dumpon rc(8) script can do this
automatically during startup using the dumppubkey rc.conf(5) variable. Once the
keys are calculated dumpon sends them to the kernel via DIOCSKERNELDUMP I/O
control.
When the kernel receives the DIOCSKERNELDUMP I/O control it generates a random
IV and sets up the key schedule for the specified algorithm. Each time the
kernel tries to write a crash dump to the dump device, the IV is replaced by
a SHA-256 hash of the previous value. This is intended to make a possible
differential cryptanalysis harder since it is possible to write multiple crash
dumps without reboot by repeating the following commands:
# sysctl debug.kdb.enter=1
db> call doadump(0)
db> continue
# savecore
A kernel dump key consists of an algorithm identifier, an IV and an encrypted
symmetric key. The kernel dump key size is included in a kernel dump header.
The size is an unsigned 32-bit integer and it is aligned to a block size.
The header structure has 512 bytes to match the block size so it was required to
make a panic string 4 bytes shorter to add a new field to the header structure.
If the kernel dump key size in the header is nonzero it is assumed that the
kernel dump key is placed after the first header on the dump device and the core
dump is encrypted.
Separate functions were implemented to write the kernel dump header and the
kernel dump key as they need to be unencrypted. The dump_write function encrypts
data if the kernel was compiled with the EKCD option. Encrypted kernel textdumps
are not supported due to the way they are constructed which makes it impossible
to use the CBC mode for encryption. It should be also noted that textdumps don't
contain sensitive data by design as a user decides what information should be
dumped.
savecore(8) writes the kernel dump key to a key.# file if its size in the header
is nonzero. # is the number of the current core dump.
decryptcore(8) decrypts the core dump using a private RSA key and the kernel
dump key. This is performed by a child process in capability mode.
If the decryption was not successful the parent process removes a partially
decrypted core dump.
Description on how to encrypt crash dumps was added to the decryptcore(8),
dumpon(8), rc.conf(5) and savecore(8) manual pages.
EKCD was tested on amd64 using bhyve and i386, mipsel and sparc64 using QEMU.
The feature still has to be tested on arm and arm64 as it wasn't possible to run
FreeBSD due to the problems with QEMU emulation and lack of hardware.
Designed by: def, pjd
Reviewed by: cem, oshogbo, pjd
Partial review: delphij, emaste, jhb, kib
Approved by: pjd (mentor)
Differential Revision: https://reviews.freebsd.org/D4712
USB in places, as well as having the potential for reducing
performance. Since this is used even when powerd isn't enabled, these
two problems can cause on servers. Supermicro X9 motherboards, for
example, have problems with the virtual IPMI USB keyboards and mice
attaching and detaching repeatedly. Since there are issues on some
CPUs with C2, fail safe by defaulting to not altering it.
MFC After: 3 days
VSS stands for "Volume Shadow Copy Service". Unlike virtual machine
snapshot, it only takes snapshot for the virtual disks, so both
filesystem and applications have to aware of it, and cooperate the
whole VSS process.
This driver exposes two device files to the userland:
/dev/hv_fsvss_dev
Normally userland programs should _not_ mess with this device file.
It is currently used by the hv_vss_daemon(8), which freezes and
thaws the filesystem. NOTE: currently only UFS is supported, if
the system mounts _any_ other filesystems, the hv_vss_daemon(8)
will veto the VSS process.
If hv_vss_daemon(8) was disabled, then this device file must be
opened, and proper ioctls must be issued to keep the VSS working.
/dev/hv_appvss_dev
Userland application can opened this device file to receive the
VSS freeze notification, hold the VSS for a while (mainly to flush
application data to filesystem), release the VSS process, and
receive the VSS thaw notification i.e. applications can run again.
The VSS will still work, even if this device file is not opened.
However, only filesystem consistency is promised, if this device
file is not opened or is not operated properly.
hv_vss_daemon(8) is started by devd(8) by default. It can be disabled
by editting /etc/devd/hyperv.conf.
Submitted by: Hongjiang Zhang <honzhan microsoft com>
Reviewed by: kib, mckusick
MFC after: 3 weeks
Sponsored by: Microsoft
Differential Revision: https://reviews.freebsd.org/D8224
To avoid have warning for services that are using oomprotect, oomprotect
will only be applied on services that won't run inside jails.
Reported by: allanjude
MFC after: 2 weeks.
All the '.conf' files not beginning with a '.' contained int he directory
following the keyword will be included.
This keyword can only be used in the first level configuration files.
Modify the default syslogd.conf to 'include' /etc/syslog.d and
/usr/local/etc/syslog.d
It simplify a lot handling of syslog from automation tools.
Reviewed by: markj, kib (via irc)
Approved by: markj
MFC after: 2 weeks
Relnotes: yes
Differential Revision: https://reviews.freebsd.org/D8402
For automation tools it is way easier to maintain files in directories rather
than modifying /etc/crontab.
The files in those directories are in the same format as /etc/crontab
Reviewed by: adrian
MFC after: 2 weeks
Relnotes: yes
Sponsored by: Gandi.net
Differential Revision: https://reviews.freebsd.org/D8400
Currently, '/etc/rc.d/swaplate stop' removes all swap devices. This can be
very slow and may not even be possible if there is a lot of swap space in
use. However, removing swap devices is only needed for late swap devices
that may depend on daemons that subsequent shutdown steps stop. Normal swap
devices such as hard disk partitions will remain available throughout the
shutdown process and need not be removed.
In swapoff, interpret -aL to remove late swap devices only, and use this in
etc/rc.d/swaplate. The meaning of -aL in swapon remains unchanged (add all
swap devices, both normal and late).
PR: 187081
Reviewed by: wblock (man page only), ngie
MFC after: 1 week
Differential Revision: https://reviews.freebsd.org/D8126
