as they both interact with the tty code (!MPSAFE) and may sleep if the
tty buffer is full (per comment).
Modify all consumers of uprintf() and tprintf() to hold Giant around
calls into these functions. In most cases, this means adding an
acquisition of Giant immediately around the function. In some cases
(nfs_timer()), it means acquiring Giant higher up in the callout.
With these changes, UFS no longer panics on SMP when either blocks are
exhausted or inodes are exhausted under load due to races in the tty
code when running without Giant.
NB: Some reduction in calls to uprintf() in the svr4 code is probably
desirable.
NB: In the case of nfs_timer(), calling uprintf() while holding a mutex,
or even in a callout at all, is a bad idea, and will generate warnings
and potential upset. This needs to be fixed, but was a problem before
this change.
NB: uprintf()/tprintf() sleeping is generally a bad ideas, as is having
non-MPSAFE tty code.
MFC after: 1 week
so that we do not call uiomove() while IFNET_RLOCK() is held.
This eliminates the witness warning:
Calling uiomove() with the following non-sleepable locks held:
exclusive sleep mutex ifnet r = 0 (0xc096dd60) locked @
/usr/src/sys/modules/linux/../../compat/linux/linux_ioctl.c:2170
MFC after: 2 days
IFF_DRV_RUNNING, as well as the move from ifnet.if_flags to
ifnet.if_drv_flags. Device drivers are now responsible for
synchronizing access to these flags, as they are in if_drv_flags. This
helps prevent races between the network stack and device driver in
maintaining the interface flags field.
Many __FreeBSD__ and __FreeBSD_version checks maintained and continued;
some less so.
Reviewed by: pjd, bz
MFC after: 7 days
since it calls into VFS and VM. This makes the freebsd32_mmap() routine
MP safe and the extra Giants here can be revisited later.
Glanced at by: marcel
MFC after: 3 days
- Conditionally grab Giant around the EISCONN hack at the end based on
debug.mpsafenet.
- Protect access to so_emuldata via SOCK_LOCK.
Reviewed by: rwatson
Approved by: re (scottl)
as a part of the GENERIC kernel with INVARIANT* and WITNESS*
turned off.
(For non GENERIC kernel KTR and MUTEX_PROFILING should be also
off).
Submitted by: Eygene A. Ryabinkin <rea at rea dot mbslab dot kiae dot ru>
Approved by: re (scottl)
PR: 81767
in the build still due to some #undef's in svr4.h, but if you hack around
that and add some missing entries to syscalls.master, then this file will
now compile. The changes involved proc -> thread, using FreeBSD syscall
names instead of NetBSD, and axeing syscallarg() and retval arguments.
Approved by: re (scottl)
and writev() except that they take an additional offset argument and do
not change the current file position. In SAT speak:
preadv:readv::pread:read and pwritev:writev::pwrite:write.
- Try to reduce code duplication some by merging most of the old
kern_foov() and dofilefoo() functions into new dofilefoo() functions
that are called by kern_foov() and kern_pfoov(). The non-v functions
now all generate a simple uio on the stack from the passed in arguments
and then call kern_foov(). For example, read() now just builds a uio and
calls kern_readv() and pwrite() just builds a uio and calls kern_pwritev().
PR: kern/80362
Submitted by: Marc Olzheim marcolz at stack dot nl (1)
Approved by: re (scottl)
MFC after: 1 week
This is good enough to be able to run a RELENG_4 gdb binary against
a RELENG_4 application, along with various other tools (eg: 4.x gcore).
We use this at work.
ia32_reg.[ch]: handle the 32 bit register file format, used by ptrace,
procfs and core dumps.
procfs_*regs.c: vary the format of proc/XXX/*regs depending on the client
and target application.
procfs_map.c: Don't print a 64 bit value to 32 bit consumers, or their
sscanf fails. They expect an unsigned long.
imgact_elf.c: produce a valid 32 bit coredump for 32 bit apps.
sys_process.c: handle 32 bit consumers debugging 32 bit targets. Note
that 64 bit consumers can still debug 32 bit targets.
IA64 has got stubs for ia32_reg.c.
Known limitations: a 5.x/6.x gdb uses get/setcontext(), which isn't
implemented in the 32/64 wrapper yet. We also make a tiny patch to
gdb pacify it over conflicting formats of ld-elf.so.1.
Approved by: re
with a single copyin() + translate and translate + copyout() rather than
using the stackgap.
- Remove implementation of the stackgap for freebsd32 since it is no longer
used for that compat ABI.
Approved by: re (scottl)
exec_copyin_strings() to catch up to rev 1.266 of kern_exec.c. This fixes
panics on amd64 with compat binaries since exec_free_args() was freeing
more memory than these functions were allocating and the mismatch could
cause memory to be freed out from under other concurrent execs.
Approved by: re (scottl)
It can be used to panic the kernel by giving too big value.
Fix it by moving allocation and size verification into kern_getfsstat().
This even simplifies kern_getfsstat() consumers, but destroys symmetry -
memory is allocated inside kern_getfsstat(), but has to be freed by the
caller.
Found by: FreeBSD Kernel Stress Test Suite: http://www.holm.cc/stress/
Reported by: Peter Holm <peter@holm.cc>
struct ifnet or the layer 2 common structure it was embedded in have
been replaced with a struct ifnet pointer to be filled by a call to the
new function, if_alloc(). The layer 2 common structure is also allocated
via if_alloc() based on the interface type. It is hung off the new
struct ifnet member, if_l2com.
This change removes the size of these structures from the kernel ABI and
will allow us to better manage them as interfaces come and go.
Other changes of note:
- Struct arpcom is no longer referenced in normal interface code.
Instead the Ethernet address is accessed via the IFP2ENADDR() macro.
To enforce this ac_enaddr has been renamed to _ac_enaddr.
- The second argument to ether_ifattach is now always the mac address
from driver private storage rather than sometimes being ac_enaddr.
Reviewed by: sobomax, sam
and extend its functionality:
value policy
0 show all mount-points without any restrictions
1 show only mount-points below jail's chroot and show only part of the
mount-point's path (if jail's chroot directory is /jails/foo and
mount-point is /jails/foo/usr/home only /usr/home will be shown)
2 show only mount-point where jail's chroot directory is placed.
Default value is 2.
Discussed with: rwatson
audit event identifier associated with each system call, which will
be stored by makesyscalls.sh in the sy_auevent field of struct sysent.
For now, default the audit identifier on all system calls to AUE_NULL,
but in the near future, other BSM event identifiers will be used. The
mapping of system calls to event identifiers is many:one due to
multiple system calls that map to the same end functionality across
compatibility wrappers, ABI wrappers, etc.
Submitted by: wsalamon
Obtained from: TrustedBSD Project
so do not duplicate the code in cvtstatfs().
Note, that we now need to clear fsid in freebsd4_getfsstat().
This moves all security related checks from functions like cvtstatfs()
and will allow to add more security related stuff (like statfs(2), etc.
protection for jails) a bit easier.
We can't call KeFlushQueuedDpcs() during bootstrap (cold == 1), since
the flush operation sleeps to wait for completion, and we can't sleep
here (clowns will eat us).
On an i386 SMP system, if we're loaded/probed/attached during bootstrap,
smp_rendezvous() won't run us anywhere except CPU 0 (since the other CPUs
aren't launched until later), which means we won't be able to set up
the GDTs anywhere except CPU 0. To deal with this case, ctxsw_utow()
now checks to see if the TID for the current processor has been properly
initialized and sets up the GTD for the current CPU if not.
Lastly, in if_ndis.c:ndis_shutdown(), do an ndis_stop() to insure we
really halt the NIC and stop interrupts from happening.
Note that loading a driver during bootstrap is, unfortunately, kind of
a hit or miss sort of proposition. In Windows, the expectation is that
by the time a given driver's MiniportInitialize() method is called,
the system is already in 'multiuser' state, i.e. it's up and running
enough to support all the stuff specified in the NDIS API, which includes
the underlying OS-supplied facilities it implicitly depends on, such as
having all CPUs running, having the DPC queues initialized, WorkItem
threads running, etc. But in UNIX, a lot of that stuff won't work during
bootstrap. This causes a problem since we need to call MiniportInitialize()
at least once during ndis_attach() in order to find out what kind of NIC
we have and learn its station address.
What this means is that some cards just plain won't work right if
you try to pre-load the driver along with the kernel: they'll only be
probed/attach correctly if the driver is kldloaded _after_ the system
has reached multiuser. I can't really think of a way around this that
would still preserve the ability to use an NDIS device for diskless
booting.
prevent anything from making calls to the NIC while it's being shut down.
This is yet another attempt to stop things like mdnsd from trying to
poke at the card while it's not properly initialized and panicking
the system.
Also, remove unneeded debug message from if_ndis.c.
works again.
This driver uses NdisScheduleWorkItem(), and we have to take special steps
to insure that its workitems don't collide with any of the other workitems
used by the NDISulator. In particular, if one of the driver's work jobs
blocks, it can prevent NdisMAllocateSharedMemoryAsync() from completing
when expected.
The original hack to fix this was to have NdisMAllocateSharedMemoryAsync()
defer its work to the DPC queue instead of the general task queue. To
fix it now, I decided to add some additional workitem threads. (There's
supposed to be a pool of worker threads in Windows anyway.) Currently,
there are 4. There should be at least 2. One is reserved for the legacy
ExQueueWorkItem() API, while the others are used in round-robin by the
IoQueueWorkItem() API. NdisMAllocateSharedMemoryAsync() uses the latter
API while NdisScheduleWorkItem() uses the former, so the deadlock is
avoided.
Fixed NdisMRegisterDevice()/NdisMDeregisterDevice() to work a little
more sensibly with the new driver_object/device_object framework. It
doesn't really register a working user-mode interface, but the existing
code was completely wrong for the new framework.
Fixed a couple of bugs dealing with the cancellation of events and
DPCs. When cancelling an event that's still on the timer queue (i.e.
hasn't expired yet), reset dh_inserted in its dispatch header to FALSE.
Previously, it was left set to TRUE, which would make a cancelled
timer appear to have not been cancelled. Also, when removing a DPC
from a queue, reset its list pointers, otherwise a cancelled DPC
might mistakenly be treated as still pending.
Lastly, fix the behavior of ntoskrnl_wakeup() when dealing with
objects that have nobody waiting on them: sync event objects get
their signalled state reset to FALSE, but notification objects
should still be set to TRUE.
The Ralink RT2500 driver uses this API instead of NdisMIndicateReceivePacket().
Drivers use NdisMEthIndicateReceive() when they know they support
802.3 media and expect to hand their packets only protocols that want
to deal with that particular media type. With this API, the driver does
not manage its own NDIS_PACKET/NDIS_BUFFER structures. Instead, it
lets bound protocols have a peek at the data, and then they supply
an NDIS_PACKET/NDIS_BUFFER combo to the miniport driver, into which
it copies the packet data.
Drivers use NdisMIndicateReceivePacket() to allow their packets to
be read by any protocol, not just those bound to 802.3 media devices.
To make this work, we need an internal pool of NDIS_PACKETS for
receives. Currently, we check to see if the driver exports a
MiniportTransferData() method in its characteristics structure,
and only allocate the pool for drivers that have this method.
This should allow the RT2500 driver to work correctly, though I
still have to fix ndiscvt(8) to parse its .inf file properly.
Also, change kern_ndis.c:ndis_halt_nic() to reap timers before
acquiring NDIS_LOCK(), since the reaping process might entail sleeping
briefly (and we can't sleep with a lock held).
the same time.
Fix if_ndis_pccard.c so that it sets sc->ndis_dobj and sc->ndis_regvals.
Correct IMPORT_SFUNC() macros for the READ_PORT_BUFFER_xxx() routines,
which take 3 arguments, not 2.
This fixes it so that the Windows driver for my Cisco Aironet 340 PCMCIA
card works again. (Yes, I know the an(4) driver supports this card natively,
but it's the only PCMCIA device I have with a Windows XP driver.)
routines (_alldiv(), _allmul(), _alludiv(), _aullmul(), etc...)
that use the _stdcall calling convention.
These routines all take two arguments, but the arguments are 64 bits wide.
On the i386 this means they each consume two 32-bit slots on the stack.
Consequently, when we specify the argument count in the IMPORT_SFUNC()
macro, we have to lie and claim there are 4 arguments instead of two.
This will cause the resulting i386 assembly wrapper to push the right
number of longwords onto the stack.
This fixes a crash I discovered with the RealTek 8180 driver, which
uses these routines a lot during initialization.
technically a no-op since uintmax_t is uint64_t on all currently
supported architectures, but we should use an explicit cast instead
of depending on this obscure coincidence.
Remove unused fields from ndis_miniport_block.
Fix a bug in KeFlushQueuedDpcs() (we weren't calculating the kq pointer
correctly).
In if_ndis.c, clear the IFF_RUNNING flag before calling ndis_halt_nic().
Add some guards in kern_ndis.c to avoid letting anyone invoke ndis_get_info()
or ndis_set_info() if the NIC isn't fully initialized. Apparently, mdnsd
will sometimes try to invoke the ndis_ioctl() routine at exactly the
wrong moment (to futz with its multicast filters) when the interface
comes up, and can trigger a crash unless we guard against it.
Oh, one additional change I forgot to mention in the last commit:
NdisOpenFile() was broken in the case for firmware files that were
pre-loaded as modules. When searching for the module in NdisOpenFile(),
we would match against a symbol name, which would contain the string
we were looking for, then save a pointer to the linker file handle.
Later, in NdisMapFile(), we would refer to the filename hung off
this handle when trying to find the starting address symbol. Only
problem is, this filename is different from the embedded symbol
name we're searching for, so the mapping would fail. I found this
problem while testing the AirGo driver, which requires a small
firmware file.
- Remove the old task threads from kern_ndis.c and reimplement them in
subr_ntoskrnl.c, in order to more properly emulate the Windows DPC
API. Each CPU gets its own DPC queue/thread, and each queue can
have low, medium and high importance DPCs. New APIs implemented:
KeSetTargetProcessorDpc(), KeSetImportanceDpc() and KeFlushQueuedDpcs().
(This is the biggest change.)
- Fix a bug in NdisMInitializeTimer(): the k_dpc pointer in the
nmt_timer embedded in the ndis_miniport_timer struct must be set
to point to the DPC, also embedded in the struct. Failing to do
this breaks dequeueing of DPCs submitted via timers, and in turn
breaks cancelling timers.
- Fix a bug in KeCancelTimer(): if the timer is interted in the timer
queue (i.e. the timeout callback is still pending), we have to both
untimeout() the timer _and_ call KeRemoveQueueDpc() to nuke the DPC
that might be pending. Failing to do this breaks cancellation of
periodic timers, which always appear to be inserted in the timer queue.
- Make use of the nmt_nexttimer field in ndis_miniport_timer: keep a
queue of pending timers and cancel them all in ndis_halt_nic(), prior
to calling MiniportHalt(). Also call KeFlushQueuedDpcs() to make sure
any DPCs queued by the timers have expired.
- Modify NdisMAllocateSharedMemory() and NdisMFreeSharedMemory() to keep
track of both the virtual and physical addresses of the shared memory
buffers that get handed out. The AirGo MIMO driver appears to have a bug
in it: for one of the segments is allocates, it returns the wrong
virtual address. This would confuse NdisMFreeSharedMemory() and cause
a crash. Why it doesn't crash Windows too I have no idea (from reading
the documentation for NdisMFreeSharedMemory(), it appears to be a violation
of the API).
- Implement strstr(), strchr() and MmIsAddressValid().
- Implement IoAllocateWorkItem(), IoFreeWorkItem(), IoQueueWorkItem() and
ExQueueWorkItem(). (This is the second biggest change.)
- Make NdisScheduleWorkItem() call ExQueueWorkItem(). (Note that the
ExQueueWorkItem() API is deprecated by Microsoft, but NDIS still uses
it, since NdisScheduleWorkItem() is incompatible with the IoXXXWorkItem()
API.)
- Change if_ndis.c to use the NdisScheduleWorkItem() interface for scheduling
tasks.
With all these changes and fixes, the AirGo MIMO driver for the Belkin
F5D8010 Pre-N card now works. Special thanks to Paul Robinson
(paul dawt robinson at pwermedia dawt net) for the loan of a card
for testing.
here on in, if_ndis.ko will be pre-built as a module, and can be built
into a static kernel (though it's not part of GENERIC). Drivers are
created using the new ndisgen(8) script, which uses ndiscvt(8) under
the covers, along with a few other tools. The result is a driver module
that can be kldloaded into the kernel.
A driver with foo.inf and foo.sys files will be converted into
foo_sys.ko (and foo_sys.o, for those who want/need to make static
kernels). This module contains all of the necessary info from the
.INF file and the driver binary image, converted into an ELF module.
You can kldload this module (or add it to /boot/loader.conf) to have
it loaded automatically. Any required firmware files can be bundled
into the module as well (or converted/loaded separately).
Also, add a workaround for a problem in NdisMSleep(). During system
bootstrap (cold == 1), msleep() always returns 0 without actually
sleeping. The Intel 2200BG driver uses NdisMSleep() to wait for
the NIC's firmware to come to life, and fails to load if NdisMSleep()
doesn't actually delay. As a workaround, if msleep() (and hence
ndis_thsuspend()) returns 0, use a hard DELAY() to sleep instead).
This is not really the right thing to do, but we can't really do much
else. At the very least, this makes the Intel driver happy.
There are probably other drivers that fail in this way during bootstrap.
Unfortunately, the only workaround for those is to avoid pre-loading
them and kldload them once the system is running instead.
layer, but with a twist.
The twist has to do with the fact that Microsoft supports structured
exception handling in kernel mode. On the i386 arch, exception handling
is implemented by hanging an exception registration list off the
Thread Environment Block (TEB), and the TEB is accessed via the %fs
register. The problem is, we use %fs as a pointer to the pcpu stucture,
which means any driver that tries to write through %fs:0 will overwrite
the curthread pointer and make a serious mess of things.
To get around this, Project Evil now creates a special entry in
the GDT on each processor. When we call into Windows code, a context
switch routine will fix up %fs so it points to our new descriptor,
which in turn points to a fake TEB. When the Windows code returns,
or calls out to an external routine, we swap %fs back again. Currently,
Project Evil makes use of GDT slot 7, which is all 0s by default.
I fully expect someone to jump up and say I can't do that, but I
couldn't find any code that makes use of this entry anywhere. Sadly,
this was the only method I could come up with that worked on both
UP and SMP. (Modifying the LDT works on UP, but becomes incredibly
complicated on SMP.) If necessary, the context switching stuff can
be yanked out while preserving the convention calling wrappers.
(Fortunately, it looks like Microsoft uses some special epilog/prolog
code on amd64 to implement exception handling, so the same nastiness
won't be necessary on that arch.)
The advantages are:
- Any driver that uses %fs as though it were a TEB pointer won't
clobber pcpu.
- All the __stdcall/__fastcall/__regparm stuff that's specific to
gcc goes away.
Also, while I'm here, switch NdisGetSystemUpTime() back to using
nanouptime() again. It turns out nanouptime() is way more accurate
than just using ticks(). On slower machines, the Atheros drivers
I tested seem to take a long time to associate due to the loss
in accuracy.
the register values coming back from sigreturn(2). Normally this wouldn't
matter because the 32 bit environment would truncate the upper 32 bits
and re-save the truncated values at the next trap. However, if we got
a fast second signal and it was pending while we were returning from
sigreturn(2) in the signal trampoline, we'd never have had a chance to
truncate the bogus values in 32 bit mode, and the new sendsig would get
an EFAULT when trying to write to the bogus user stack address.
the type of object represented by the handle argument.
- Allow vm_mmap() to map device memory via cdev objects in addition to
vnodes and anonymous memory. Note that mmaping a cdev directly does not
currently perform any MAC checks like mapping a vnode does.
- Unbreak the DRM getbufs ioctl by having it call vm_mmap() directly on the
cdev the ioctl is acting on rather than trying to find a suitable vnode
to map from.
Reviewed by: alc, arch@
ndis_timercall() in NdisMInitializeTimer(), we can't use the raw
function pointer. This is because ntoskrnl_run_dpc() expects to
invoke a function with Microsoft calling conventions. On i386,
this works because ndis_timercall() is declared with the __stdcall
attribute, but this is a no-op on amd64. To do it correctly, we
have to generate a wrapper for ndis_timercall() and us the wrapper
instead of of the raw function pointer.
Fix this by adding ndis_timercall() to the funcptr table in subr_ndis.c,
and create ndis_findwrap() to extract the wrapped function from the
table in NdisMInitializeTimer() instead of just passing ndis_timercall()
to KeInitializeDpc() directly.
ExAllocatePoolWithTag(), not malloc(), so it should be released
with ExFreePool(), not free(). Fix a couple if instances of
free(fh, ...) that got overlooked.
- On amd64, InterlockedPushEntrySList() and InterlockedPopEntrySList()
are mapped to ExpInterlockedPushEntrySList and
ExpInterlockedPopEntrySList() via macros (which do the same thing).
Add IMPORT_FUNC_MAP()s for these.
- Implement ExQueryDepthSList().
alloc and free routine pointers in the lookaside list with pointers
to ExAllocatePoolWithTag() and ExFreePool() (in the case where the
driver does not provide its own alloc and free routines). For amd64,
this is wrong: we have to use pointers to the wrapped versions of these
functions, not the originals.
nll_obsoletelock field in the lookaside list structure is only defined
for the i386 arch. For amd64, the field is gone, and different list
update routines are used which do their locking internally. Apparently
the Inprocomm amd64 driver uses lookaside lists. I'm not positive this
will make it work yet since I don't have an Inprocomm NIC to test, but
this needs to be fixed anyway.
work on SMP" saga. After several weeks and much gnashing of teeth,
I have finally tracked down all the problems, despite their best
efforts to confound and annoy me.
Problem nunmber one: the Atheros windows driver is _NOT_ a de-serialized
miniport! It used to be that NDIS drivers relied on the NDIS library
itself for all their locking and serialization needs. Transmit packet
queues were all handled internally by NDIS, and all calls to
MiniportXXX() routines were guaranteed to be appropriately serialized.
This proved to be a performance problem however, and Microsoft
introduced de-serialized miniports with the NDIS 5.x spec. Microsoft
still supports serialized miniports, but recommends that all new drivers
written for Windows XP and later be deserialized. Apparently Atheros
wasn't listening when they said this.
This means (among other things) that we have to serialize calls to
MiniportSendPackets(). We also have to serialize calls to MiniportTimer()
that are triggered via the NdisMInitializeTimer() routine. It finally
dawned on me why NdisMInitializeTimer() takes a special
NDIS_MINIPORT_TIMER structure and a pointer to the miniport block:
the timer callback must be serialized, and it's only by saving the
miniport block handle that we can get access to the serialization
lock during the timer callback.
Problem number two: haunted hardware. The thing that was _really_
driving me absolutely bonkers for the longest time is that, for some
reason I couldn't understand, my test machine would occasionally freeze
or more frustratingly, reset completely. That's reset and in *pow!*
back to the BIOS startup. No panic, no crashdump, just a reset. This
appeared to happen most often when MiniportReset() was called. (As
to why MiniportReset() was being called, see problem three below.)
I thought maybe I had created some sort of horrible deadlock
condition in the process of adding the serialization, but after three
weeks, at least 6 different locking implementations and heroic efforts
to debug the spinlock code, the machine still kept resetting. Finally,
I started single stepping through the MiniportReset() routine in
the driver using the kernel debugger, and this ultimately led me to
the source of the problem.
One of the last things the Atheros MiniportReset() routine does is
call NdisReadPciSlotInformation() several times to inspect a portion
of the device's PCI config space. It reads the same chunk of config
space repeatedly, in rapid succession. Presumeably, it's polling
the hardware for some sort of event. The reset occurs partway through
this process. I discovered that when I single-stepped through this
portion of the routine, the reset didn't occur. So I inserted a 1
microsecond delay into the read loop in NdisReadPciSlotInformation().
Suddenly, the reset was gone!!
I'm still very puzzled by the whole thing. What I suspect is happening
is that reading the PCI config space so quickly is causing a severe
PCI bus error. My test system is a Sun w2100z dual Opteron system,
and the NIC is a miniPCI card mounted in a miniPCI-to-PCI carrier card,
plugged into a 100Mhz PCI slot. It's possible that this combination of
hardware causes a bus protocol violation in this scenario which leads
to a fatal machine check. This is pure speculation though. Really all I
know for sure is that inserting the delay makes the problem go away.
(To quote Homer Simpson: "I don't know how it works, but fire makes
it good!")
Problem number three: NdisAllocatePacket() needs to make sure to
initialize the npp_validcounts field in the 'private' section of
the NDIS_PACKET structure. The reason if_ndis was calling the
MiniportReset() routine in the first place is that packet transmits
were sometimes hanging. When sending a packet, an NDIS driver will
call NdisQueryPacket() to learn how many physical buffers the packet
resides in. NdisQueryPacket() is actually a macro, which traverses
the NDIS_BUFFER list attached to the NDIS_PACKET and stashes some
of the results in the 'private' section of the NDIS_PACKET. It also
sets the npp_validcounts field to TRUE To indicate that the results are
now valid. The problem is, now that if_ndis creates a pool of transmit
packets via NdisAllocatePacketPool(), it's important that each time
a new packet is allocated via NdisAllocatePacket() that validcounts
be initialized to FALSE. If it isn't, and a previously transmitted
NDIS_PACKET is pulled out of the pool, it may contain stale data
from a previous transmission which won't get updated by NdisQueryPacket().
This would cause the driver to miscompute the number of fragments
for a given packet, and botch the transmission.
Fixing these three problems seems to make the Atheros driver happy
on SMP, which hopefully means other serialized miniports will be
happy too.
And there was much rejoicing.
Other stuff fixed along the way:
- Modified ndis_thsuspend() to take a mutex as an argument. This
allows KeWaitForSingleObject() and KeWaitForMultipleObjects() to
avoid any possible race conditions with other routines that
use the dispatcher lock.
- Fixed KeCancelTimer() so that it returns the correct value for
'pending' according to the Microsoft documentation
- Modfied NdisGetSystemUpTime() to use ticks and hz rather than
calling nanouptime(). Also added comment that this routine wraps
after 49.7 days.
- Added macros for KeAcquireSpinLock()/KeReleaseSpinLock() to hide
all the MSCALL() goop.
- For x86, KeAcquireSpinLockRaiseToDpc() needs to be a separate
function. This is because it's supposed to be _stdcall on the x86
arch, whereas KeAcquireSpinLock() is supposed to be _fastcall.
On amd64, all routines use the same calling convention so we can
just map KeAcquireSpinLockRaiseToDpc() directly to KfAcquireSpinLock()
and it will work. (The _fastcall attribute is a no-op on amd64.)
- Implement and use IoInitializeDpcRequest() and IoRequestDpc() (they're
just macros) and use them for interrupt handling. This allows us to
move the ndis_intrtask() routine from if_ndis.c to kern_ndis.c.
- Fix the MmInitializeMdl() macro so that is uses sizeof(vm_offset_t)
when computing mdl_size instead of uint32_t, so that it matches the
MmSizeOfMdl() routine.
- Change a could of M_WAITOKs to M_NOWAITs in the unicode routines in
subr_ndis.c.
- Use the dispatcher lock a little more consistently in subr_ntoskrnl.c.
- Get rid of the "wait for link event" hack in ndis_init(). Now that
I fixed NdisReadPciSlotInformation(), it seems I don't need it anymore.
This should fix the witness panic a couple of people have reported.
- Use MSCALL1() when calling the MiniportHangCheck() function in
ndis_ticktask(). I accidentally missed this one when adding the
wrapping for amd64.
Replace a KASSERT of LINUX_IFNAMSIZ == IFNAMSIZ with a preprocessor
check and #error message. This will prevent nasty suprises if users
change IFNAMSIZ without updating the linux code appropriatly.
svr4_do_getmsg(). In principle this bug could disclose data from
kernel memory, but in practice, the SVR4 emulation layer is probably
not functional enough to cause the relevant code path to be executed.
In any case, the emulator has been disconnected from the build since
5.0-RELEASE.
Found by: Coverity Prevent analysis tool
with the IP_HDRINCL option set. Without this change, a Linux process
with access to a raw socket could cause a kernel panic. Raw sockets
must be created by root, and are generally not consigned to untrusted
applications; hence, the security implications of this bug are
minimal. I believe this only affects 6-CURRENT on or after 2005-01-30.
Found by: Coverity Prevent analysis tool
Security: Local DOS
SIGPIPE signal for the duration of the sento-family syscalls. Use it to
replace previously added hack in Linux layer based on temporarily setting
SO_NOSIGPIPE flag.
Suggested by: alfred
for the duration of the send() call. Such approach may be less than ideal
in threading environment, when several threads share the same socket and it
might happen that several of them are calling linux_send() at the same time
with and without SO_NOSIGPIPE set.
However, such race condition is very unlikely in practice, therefore this
change provides practical improvement compared to the previous behaviour.
PR: kern/76426
Submitted by: Steven Hartland <killing@multiplay.co.uk>
MFC after: 3 days
at some point result in a status event being triggered (it should
be a link down event: the Microsoft driver design guide says you
should generate one when the NIC is initialized). Some drivers
generate the event during MiniportInitialize(), such that by the
time MiniportInitialize() completes, the NIC is ready to go. But
some drivers, in particular the ones for Atheros wireless NICs,
don't generate the event until after a device interrupt occurs
at some point after MiniportInitialize() has completed.
The gotcha is that you have to wait until the link status event
occurs one way or the other before you try to fiddle with any
settings (ssid, channel, etc...). For the drivers that set the
event sycnhronously this isn't a problem, but for the others
we have to pause after calling ndis_init_nic() and wait for the event
to arrive before continuing. Failing to wait can cause big trouble:
on my SMP system, calling ndis_setstate_80211() after ndis_init_nic()
completes, but _before_ the link event arrives, will lock up or
reset the system.
What we do now is check to see if a link event arrived while
ndis_init_nic() was running, and if it didn't we msleep() until
it does.
Along the way, I discovered a few other problems:
- Defered procedure calls run at PASSIVE_LEVEL, not DISPATCH_LEVEL.
ntoskrnl_run_dpc() has been fixed accordingly. (I read the documentation
wrong.)
- Similarly, the NDIS interrupt handler, which is essentially a
DPC, also doesn't need to run at DISPATCH_LEVEL. ndis_intrtask()
has been fixed accordingly.
- MiniportQueryInformation() and MiniportSetInformation() run at
DISPATCH_LEVEL, and each request must complete before another
can be submitted. ndis_get_info() and ndis_set_info() have been
fixed accordingly.
- Turned the sleep lock that guards the NDIS thread job list into
a spin lock. We never do anything with this lock held except manage
the job list (no other locks are held), so it's safe to do this,
and it's possible that ndis_sched() and ndis_unsched() can be
called from DISPATCH_LEVEL, so using a sleep lock here is
semantically incorrect. Also updated subr_witness.c to add the
lock to the order list.
both consuming 1K of stack space. This is unfriendly. Allocate the buffers
off the heap instead. It's a little slower, but these aren't performance
critical routines.
Also, add a spinlock to NdisAllocatePacketPool(), NdisAllocatePacket(),
NdisFreePacketPool() and NdisFreePacket(). The pool is maintained as a
linked list. I don't know for a fact that it can be corrupted, but why
take chances.
malloc(sizeof(device_object), ...) by mistake. Correct this, and
rename "dobj" to "drv" to make it a bit clearer what this variable
is supposed to be.
Spotted by: Mikore Li at Sun dot comnospamplzkthx
that describe a buffer of variable size). The problem is, allocating
MDLs off the heap is slow, and it can happen that drivers will allocate
lots and lots of lots of MDLs as they run.
As a compromise, we now do the following: we pre-allocate a zone for
MDLs big enough to describe any buffer with 16 or less pages. If
IoAllocateMdl() needs a MDL for a buffer with 16 or less pages, we'll
allocate it from the zone. Otherwise, we allocate it from the heap.
MDLs allocate from the zone have a flag set in their mdl_flags field.
When the MDL is released, IoMdlFree() will uma_zfree() the MDL if
it has the MDL_ZONE_ALLOCED flag set, otherwise it will release it
to the heap.
The assumption is that 16 pages is a "big number" and we will rarely
need MDLs larger than that.
- Moved the ndis_buffer zone to subr_ntoskrnl.c from kern_ndis.c
and named it mdl_zone.
- Modified IoAllocateMdl() and IoFreeMdl() to use uma_zalloc() and
uma_zfree() if necessary.
- Made ndis_mtop() use IoAllocateMdl() instead of calling uma_zalloc()
directly.
Inspired by: discussion with Giridhar Pemmasani
o change the mapping arrays to have a zero offset rather than base 1;
this eliminates lots of signo adjustments and brings the code
back inline with the original netbsd code
o purge use of SVR4_SIGTBLZ; SVR4_NSIG is the only definition for
how big a mapping array is
o change the mapping loops to explicitly ignore signal 0
o purge some bogus code from bsd_to_svr4_sigset
o adjust svr4_sysentvec to deal with the mapping table change
Enticed into fixing by: Coverity Prevent analysis tool
Glanced at by: marcel, jhb
when we create a PDO, the driver_object associated with it is that
of the parent driver, not the driver we're trying to attach. For
example, if we attach a PCI device, the PDO we pass to the NdisAddDevice()
function should contain a pointer to fake_pci_driver, not to the NDIS
driver itself. For PCI or PCMCIA devices this doesn't matter because
the child never needs to talk to the parent bus driver, but for USB,
the child needs to be able to send IRPs to the parent USB bus driver, and
for that to work the parent USB bus driver has to be hung off the PDO.
This involves modifying windrv_lookup() so that we can search for
bus drivers by name, if necessary. Our fake bus drivers attach themselves
as "PCI Bus," "PCCARD Bus" and "USB Bus," so we can search for them
using those names.
The individual attachment stubs now create and attach PDOs to the
parent bus drivers instead of hanging them off the NDIS driver's
object, and in if_ndis.c, we now search for the correct driver
object depending on the bus type, and use that to find the correct PDO.
With this fix, I can get my sample USB ethernet driver to deliver
an IRP to my fake parent USB bus driver's dispatch routines.
- Add stub modules for USB support: subr_usbd.c, usbd_var.h and
if_ndis_usb.c. The subr_usbd.c module is hooked up the build
but currently doesn't do very much. It provides the stub USB
parent driver object and a dispatch routine for
IRM_MJ_INTERNAL_DEVICE_CONTROL. The only exported function at
the moment is USBD_GetUSBDIVersion(). The if_ndis_usb.c stub
compiles, but is not hooked up to the build yet. I'm putting
these here so I can keep them under source code control as I
flesh them out.
right for certain MAP_FIXED mappings on ia64 but it will work fine for all
other mappings and works fine on amd64.
Requested by: ps, Christian Zander
MFC after: 1 week
- In kern_ndis.c:ndis_unload_driver(), test that ndis_block->nmb_rlist
is not NULL before trying to free() it.
- In subr_pe.c:pe_get_import_descriptor(), do a case-insensitive
match on the import module name. Most drivers I have encountered
link against "ntoskrnl.exe" but the ASIX USB ethernet driver I'm
testing with wants "NTOSKRNL.EXE."
- In subr_ntoskrnl.c:IoAllocateIrp(), return a pointer to the IRP
instead of NULL. (Stub code leftover.)
- Also in subr_ntoskrnl.c, add ExAllocatePoolWithTag() and ExFreePool()
to the function table list so they'll get exported to drivers properly.
and a machine-independent though inefficient InterlockedExchange().
In Windows, InterlockedExchange() appears to be implemented in header
files via inline assembly. I would prefer using an atomic.h macro for
this, but there doesn't seem to be one that just does a plain old
atomic exchange (as opposed to compare and exchange). Also implement
IoSetCancelRoutine(), which is just a macro that uses InterlockedExchange().
Fill in IoBuildSynchronousFsdRequest(), IoBuildAsynchronousFsdRequest()
and IoBuildDeviceIoControlRequest() so that they do something useful,
and add a bunch of #defines to ntoskrnl_var.h to help make these work.
These may require some tweaks later.
The fundamental problem is that we get only the lower 8 bits of the
minor device number so there is no guarantee that we can actually
find the disk device in question at all.
This was probably a bigger issue pre-GEOM where the upper bits
signaled which slice were in use.
The secondary problem is how we get from (partial) dev_t to vnode.
The correct implementation will involve traversing the mount list
looking for a perfect match or a possible match (for truncated
minor).
pointers in argv and envv in userland and use that together with
kern_execve() and exec_free_args() to implement freebsd32_execve()
without using the stackgap.
- Fix freebsd32_adjtime() to call adjtime() rather than utimes(). Still
uses stackgap for now.
- Use kern_setitimer(), kern_getitimer(), kern_select(), kern_utimes(),
kern_statfs(), kern_fstatfs(), kern_fhstatfs(), kern_stat(),
kern_fstat(), and kern_lstat().
Tested by: cokane (amd64)
Silence on: amd64, ia64
copy op to shift arguments on the stack instead of transfering each
argument one by one through a register. Probably doesn't affect overall
operation, but makes the code a little less grotty and easier to update
later if I choose to make the wrapper handle more args. Also add
comments.
for now) exactly the same as KfAcquireSpinLock() and KfReleaseSpinLock().
I implemented the former as small routines in subr_ntoskrnl.c that just
turned around and invoked the latter. But I don't really need the wrapper
routines: I can just create an entries in the ntoskrnl func table that
map KeAcquireSpinLockRaiseToDpc() and KeReleaseSpinLock() to
KfAcquireSpinLock() and KfReleaseSpinLock() directly. This means
the stubs can go away.
Ville-Pertti Keinonen (will at exomi dot comohmygodnospampleasekthx)
deserves a big thanks for submitting initial patches to make it
work. I have mangled his contributions appropriately.
The main gotcha with Windows/x86-64 is that Microsoft uses a different
calling convention than everyone else. The standard ABI requires using
6 registers for argument passing, with other arguments on the stack.
Microsoft uses only 4 registers, and requires the caller to leave room
on the stack for the register arguments incase the callee needs to
spill them. Unlike x86, where Microsoft uses a mix of _cdecl, _stdcall
and _fastcall, all routines on Windows/x86-64 uses the same convention.
This unfortunately means that all the functions we export to the
driver require an intermediate translation wrapper. Similarly, we have
to wrap all calls back into the driver binary itself.
The original patches provided macros to wrap every single routine at
compile time, providing a secondary jump table with a customized
wrapper for each exported routine. I decided to use a different approach:
the call wrapper for each function is created from a template at
runtime, and the routine to jump to is patched into the wrapper as
it is created. The subr_pe module has been modified to patch in the
wrapped function instead of the original. (On x86, the wrapping
routine is a no-op.)
There are some minor API differences that had to be accounted for:
- KeAcquireSpinLock() is a real function on amd64, not a macro wrapper
around KfAcquireSpinLock()
- NdisFreeBuffer() is actually IoFreeMdl(). I had to change the whole
NDIS_BUFFER API a bit to accomodate this.
Bugs fixed along the way:
- IoAllocateMdl() always returned NULL
- kern_windrv.c:windrv_unload() wasn't releasing private driver object
extensions correctly (found thanks to memguard)
This has only been tested with the driver for the Broadcom 802.11g
chipset, which was the only Windows/x86-64 driver I could find.
former is callable from user space and the latter from the kernel one. Make
kernel version take additional argument which tells if the respective call
should check for additional restrictions for sending signals to suid/sugid
applications or not.
Make all emulation layers using non-checked version, since signal numbers in
emulation layers can have different meaning that in native mode and such
protection can cause misbehaviour.
As a result remove LIBTHR from the signals allowed to be delivered to a
suid/sugid application.
Requested (sorta) by: rwatson
MFC after: 2 weeks
Windows DRIVER_OBJECT and DEVICE_OBJECT mechanism so that we can
simulate driver stacking.
In Windows, each loaded driver image is attached to a DRIVER_OBJECT
structure. Windows uses the registry to match up a given vendor/device
ID combination with a corresponding DRIVER_OBJECT. When a driver image
is first loaded, its DriverEntry() routine is invoked, which sets up
the AddDevice() function pointer in the DRIVER_OBJECT and creates
a dispatch table (based on IRP major codes). When a Windows bus driver
detects a new device, it creates a Physical Device Object (PDO) for
it. This is a DEVICE_OBJECT structure, with semantics analagous to
that of a device_t in FreeBSD. The Windows PNP manager will invoke
the driver's AddDevice() function and pass it pointers to the DRIVER_OBJECT
and the PDO.
The AddDevice() function then creates a new DRIVER_OBJECT structure of
its own. This is known as the Functional Device Object (FDO) and
corresponds roughly to a private softc instance. The driver uses
IoAttachDeviceToDeviceStack() to add this device object to the
driver stack for this PDO. Subsequent drivers (called filter drivers
in Windows-speak) can be loaded which add themselves to the stack.
When someone issues an IRP to a device, it travel along the stack
passing through several possible filter drivers until it reaches
the functional driver (which actually knows how to talk to the hardware)
at which point it will be completed. This is how Windows achieves
driver layering.
Project Evil now simulates most of this. if_ndis now has a modevent
handler which will use MOD_LOAD and MOD_UNLOAD events to drive the
creation and destruction of DRIVER_OBJECTs. (The load event also
does the relocation/dynalinking of the image.) We don't have a registry,
so the DRIVER_OBJECTS are stored in a linked list for now. Eventually,
the list entry will contain the vendor/device ID list extracted from
the .INF file. When ndis_probe() is called and detectes a supported
device, it will create a PDO for the device instance and attach it
to the DRIVER_OBJECT just as in Windows. ndis_attach() will then call
our NdisAddDevice() handler to create the FDO. The NDIS miniport block
is now a device extension hung off the FDO, just as it is in Windows.
The miniport characteristics table is now an extension hung off the
DRIVER_OBJECT as well (the characteristics are the same for all devices
handled by a given driver, so they don't need to be per-instance.)
We also do an IoAttachDeviceToDeviceStack() to put the FDO on the
stack for the PDO. There are a couple of fake bus drivers created
for the PCI and pccard buses. Eventually, there will be one for USB,
which will actually accept USB IRP.s
Things should still work just as before, only now we do things in
the proper order and maintain the correct framework to support passing
IRPs between drivers.
Various changes:
- corrected the comments about IRQL handling in subr_hal.c to more
accurately reflect reality
- update ndiscvt to make the drv_data symbol in ndis_driver_data.h a
global so that if_ndis_pci.o and/or if_ndis_pccard.o can see it.
- Obtain the softc pointer from the miniport block by referencing
the PDO rather than a private pointer of our own (nmb_ifp is no
longer used)
- implement IoAttachDeviceToDeviceStack(), IoDetachDevice(),
IoGetAttachedDevice(), IoAllocateDriverObjectExtension(),
IoGetDriverObjectExtension(), IoCreateDevice(), IoDeleteDevice(),
IoAllocateIrp(), IoReuseIrp(), IoMakeAssociatedIrp(), IoFreeIrp(),
IoInitializeIrp()
- fix a few mistakes in the driver_object and device_object definitions
- add a new module, kern_windrv.c, to handle the driver registration
and relocation/dynalinkign duties (which don't really belong in
kern_ndis.c).
- made ndis_block and ndis_chars in the ndis_softc stucture pointers
and modified all references to it
- fixed NdisMRegisterMiniport() and NdisInitializeWrapper() so they
work correctly with the new driver_object mechanism
- changed ndis_attach() to call NdisAddDevice() instead of ndis_load_driver()
(which is now deprecated)
- used ExAllocatePoolWithTag()/ExFreePool() in lookaside list routines
instead of kludged up alloc/free routines
- added kern_windrv.c to sys/modules/ndis/Makefile and files.i386.
the semantics in that the returned filename to use is now a kernel
pointer rather than a user space pointer. This required changing the
arguments to the CHECKALT*() macros some and changing the various system
calls that used pathnames to use the kern_foo() functions that can accept
kernel space filename pointers instead of calling the system call
directly.
- Use kern_open(), kern_access(), kern_msgctl(), kern_execve(),
kern_mkfifo(), kern_mknod(), kern_statfs(), kern_fstatfs(),
kern_setitimer(), kern_stat(), kern_lstat(), kern_fstat(), kern_utimes(),
kern_pathconf(), and kern_unlink().
duplicating the contents of the same functions inline.
- Consolidate common code to convert a BSD statfs struct to a Linux struct
into a static worker function.
structure in the struct pointed to by the 3rd argument for IPC_STAT and
get rid of the 4th argument. The old way returned a pointer into the
kernel array that the calling function would then access afterwards
without holding the appropriate locks and doing non-lock-safe things like
copyout() with the data anyways. This change removes that unsafeness and
resulting race conditions as well as simplifying the interface.
- Implement kern_foo wrappers for stat(), lstat(), fstat(), statfs(),
fstatfs(), and fhstatfs(). Use these wrappers to cut out a lot of
code duplication for freebsd4 and netbsd compatability system calls.
- Add a new lookup function kern_alternate_path() that looks up a filename
under an alternate prefix and determines which filename should be used.
This is basically a more general version of linux_emul_convpath() that
can be shared by all the ABIs thus allowing for further reduction of
code duplication.
providing special version of CDIOCREADSUBCHANNEL ioctl(), which assumes that
result has to be placed into kernel space not user space. In the long run
more generic solution has to be designed WRT emulating various ioctl()s
that operate on userspace buffers, but right now there is only one such
ioctl() is emulated, so that it makes little sense.
MFC after: 2 weeks
copies arguments into the kernel space and one that operates
completely in the kernel space;
o use kernel-only version of execve(2) to kill another stackgap in
linuxlator/i386.
Obtained from: DragonFlyBSD (partially)
MFC after: 2 weeks
from the userland and pushes results back and the second which does
actual processing. Use the latter to eliminate stackgap in the linux wrapper
of that syscall.
MFC after: 2 weeks
pops data from the userland and pushes results back and the second which does
actual processing. Use the latter to eliminate stackgap in the linux wrappers
of those syscalls.
MFC after: 2 weeks
attributes in casts (i.e. foo = (__stdcall sometype)bar). This only
happens in two places where we need to set up function pointers, so
work around the problem with some void pointer magic.
USB device support):
- Convert all of my locally chosen function names to their actual
Windows equivalents, where applicable. This is a big no-op change
since it doesn't affect functionality, but it helps avoid a bit
of confusion (it's now a lot easier to see which functions are
emulated Windows API routines and which are just locally defined).
- Turn ndis_buffer into an mdl, like it should have been. The structure
is the same, but now it belongs to the subr_ntoskrnl module.
- Implement a bunch of MDL handling macros from Windows and use them where
applicable.
- Correct the implementation of IoFreeMdl().
- Properly implement IoAllocateMdl() and MmBuildMdlForNonPagedPool().
- Add the definitions for struct irp and struct driver_object.
- Add IMPORT_FUNC() and IMPORT_FUNC_MAP() macros to make formatting
the module function tables a little cleaner. (Should also help
with AMD64 support later on.)
- Fix if_ndis.c to use KeRaiseIrql() and KeLowerIrql() instead of
the previous calls to hal_raise_irql() and hal_lower_irql() which
have been renamed.
The function renaming generated a lot of churn here, but there should
be very little operational effect.
calls MiniportQueryInformation(), it will return NDIS_STATUS_PENDING.
When this happens, ndis_get_info() will sleep waiting for a completion
event. If two threads call ndis_get_info() and both end up having to
sleep, they will both end up waiting on the same wait channel, which
can cause a panic in sleepq_add() if INVARIANTS are turned on.
Fix this by having ndis_get_info() use a common mutex rather than
using the process mutex with PROC_LOCK(). Also do the same for
ndis_set_info(). Note that Pierre's original patch also made ndis_thsuspend()
use the new mutex, but ndis_thsuspend() shouldn't need this since
it will make each thread that calls it sleep on a unique wait channel.
Also, it occured to me that we probably don't want to enter
MiniportQueryInformation() or MiniportSetInformation() from more
than one thread at any given time, so now we acquire a Windows
spinlock before calling either of them. The Microsoft documentation
says that MiniportQueryInformation() and MiniportSetInformation()
are called at DISPATCH_LEVEL, and previously we would call
KeRaiseIrql() to set the IRQL to DISPATCH_LEVEL before entering
either routine, but this only guarantees mutual exclusion on
uniprocessor machines. To make it SMP safe, we need to use a real
spinlock. For now, I'm abusing the spinlock embedded in the
NDIS_MINIPORT_BLOCK structure for this purpose. (This may need to be
applied to some of the other routines in kern_ndis.c at a later date.)
Export ntoskrnl_init_lock() (KeInitializeSpinlock()) from subr_ntoskrnl.c
since we need to use in in kern_ndis.c, and since it's technically part
of the Windows kernel DDK API along with the other spinlock routines. Use
it in subr_ndis.c too rather than frobbing the spinlock directly.
- Mark mount, unmount and nmount MPSAFE.
- Add a stub for _umtx_op().
- Mark open(), link(), unlink(), and freebsd32_sigaction() MPSAFE.
Pointy hats to: several
