on entry and it assumes the responsibility for releasing the page queues
lock if it must sleep.
Remove a bogus comment from pmap_enter_quick().
Using the first change, modify vm_map_pmap_enter() so that the page queues
lock is acquired and released once, rather than each time that a page
is mapped.
In such cases, the busying of the page and the unlocking of the
containing object by vm_map_pmap_enter() and vm_fault_prefault() is
unnecessary overhead. To eliminate this overhead, this change
modifies pmap_enter_quick() so that it expects the object to be locked
on entry and it assumes the responsibility for busying the page and
unlocking the object if it must sleep. Note: alpha, amd64, i386 and
ia64 are the only implementations optimized by this change; arm,
powerpc, and sparc64 still conservatively busy the page and unlock the
object within every pmap_enter_quick() call.
Additionally, this change is the first case where we synchronize
access to the page's PG_BUSY flag and busy field using the containing
object's lock rather than the global page queues lock. (Modifications
to the page's PG_BUSY flag and busy field have asserted both locks for
several weeks, enabling an incremental transition.)
"debug.mpsafevm" results in (almost) Giant-free execution of zero-fill
page faults. (Giant is held only briefly, just long enough to determine
if there is a vnode backing the faulting address.)
Also, condition the acquisition and release of Giant around calls to
pmap_remove() on "debug.mpsafevm".
The effect on performance is significant. On my dual Opteron, I see a
3.6% reduction in "buildworld" time.
- Use atomic operations to update several counters in vm_fault().
wait for system wires to disappear, do so (much more trivially) by
instead only checking for system wires of user maps and not kernel maps.
Alternative by: tor
Reviewed by: alc
algorithm built into the map entry splay tree. This replaces the
first_free hint in struct vm_map with two fields in vm_map_entry:
adj_free, the amount of free space following a map entry, and
max_free, the maximum amount of free space in the entry's subtree.
These fields make it possible to find a first-fit free region of a
given size in one pass down the tree, so O(log n) amortized using
splay trees.
This significantly reduces the overhead in vm_map_findspace() for
applications that mmap() many hundreds or thousands of regions, and
has a negligible slowdown (0.1%) on buildworld. See, for example, the
discussion of a micro-benchmark titled "Some mmap observations
compared to Linux 2.6/OpenBSD" on -hackers in late October 2003.
OpenBSD adopted this approach in March 2002, and NetBSD added it in
November 2003, both with Red-Black trees.
Submitted by: Mark W. Krentel
to avoid later changes before pmap_enter() and vm_fault_prefault()
has completed.
Simplify deadlock avoidance by not blocking on vm map relookup.
In collaboration with: alc
* Allow no-fault wiring/unwiring to succeed for consistency;
however, the wired count remains at zero, so it's a special case.
* Fix issues inside vm_map_wire() and vm_map_unwire() where the
exact state of user wiring (one or zero) and system wiring
(zero or more) could be confused; for example, system unwiring
could succeed in removing a user wire, instead of being an
error.
* Require all mappings to be unwired before they are deleted.
When VM space is still wired upon deletion, it will be waited
upon for the following unwire. This makes vslock(9) work
rather than allowing kernel-locked memory to be deleted
out from underneath of its consumer as it would before.
so that they know whether the allocation is supposed to be able to sleep
or not.
* Allow uma_zone constructors and initialation functions to return either
success or error. Almost all of the ones in the tree currently return
success unconditionally, but mbuf is a notable exception: the packet
zone constructor wants to be able to fail if it cannot suballocate an
mbuf cluster, and the mbuf allocators want to be able to fail in general
in a MAC kernel if the MAC mbuf initializer fails. This fixes the
panics people are seeing when they run out of memory for mbuf clusters.
* Allow debug.nosleepwithlocks on WITNESS to be disabled, without changing
the default.
Both bmilekic and jeff have reviewed the changes made to make failable
zone allocations work.
those architectures without pmap locking.
- Eliminate the acquisition and release of Giant from vm_map_protect().
(Translation: mprotect(2) runs to completion without touching Giant on
alpha, amd64, i386 and ia64.)
maps. We always acquire the sx lock exclusively here, but we can't
use a mutex because we want to be able to sleep while holding the
lock. This is completely equivalent to what we were doing with the
lockmgr(9) locks before.
Approved by: alc
- Push down Giant into shmexit(). (Giant is acquired only if the vmspace
contains shm segments.)
- Eliminate the acquisition of Giant from proc_rwmem().
- Reduce the scope of Giant in exit1(), uncovering the destruction of the
address space.
vmspace to the new vmspace in vmspace_exec() is mostly wasted effort. With
one exception, vm_swrss, the copied fields are immediately overwritten.
Instead, initialize these fields to zero in vmspace_alloc(), eliminating a
bcopy() from vmspace_exec() and a bzero() from vmspace_fork().
init and fini handlers. Our vm system removes all userland mappings at
exit prior to calling pmap_release. It just so happens that we might
as well reuse the pmap for the next process since the userland slate
has already been wiped clean.
However. There is a functional benefit to this as well. For platforms
that share userland and kernel context in the same pmap, it means that
the kernel portion of a pmap remains valid after the vmspace has been
freed (process exit) and while it is in uma's cache. This is significant
for i386 SMP systems with kernel context borrowing because it avoids
a LOT of IPIs from the pmap_lazyfix() cleanup in the usual case.
Tested on: amd64, i386, sparc64, alpha
Glanced at by: alc
pmap_protect() and pmap_remove(). In general, they require the lock in
order to modify a page's pv list or flags. In some cases, however,
pmap_protect() can avoid acquiring the lock.
when not propogated on fork (due to minherit(2)). Consistency checks
otherwise fail when the vm_map is freed and it appears to have not been
emptied completely, causing an INVARIANTS panic in vm_map_zdtor().
PR: kern/68017
Submitted by: Mark W. Krentel <krentel@dreamscape.com>
Reviewed by: alc
1. Contrary to the Single Unix Specification our implementation of
munlock(2) when performed on an unwired virtual address range has
returned an error. Correct this. Note, however, that the behavior
of "system" unwiring is unchanged, only "user" unwiring is changed.
If "system" unwiring is performed on an unwired virtual address
range, an error is still returned.
2. Performing an errant "system" unwiring on a virtual address range
that was "user" (i.e., mlock(2)) but not "system" wired would
incorrectly undo the "user" wiring instead of returning an error.
Correct this.
Discussed with: green@
Reviewed by: tegge@
being that PHYS_TO_VM_PAGE() returns the wrong vm_page for fictitious
pages but unwiring uses PHYS_TO_VM_PAGE(). The resulting panic
reported an unexpected wired count. Rather than attempting to fix
PHYS_TO_VM_PAGE(), this fix takes advantage of the properties of
fictitious pages. Specifically, fictitious pages will never be
completely unwired. Therefore, we can keep a fictitious page's wired
count forever set to one and thereby avoid the use of
PHYS_TO_VM_PAGE() when we know that we're working with a fictitious
page, just not which one.
In collaboration with: green@, tegge@
PR: kern/29915
Previously, mlockall(2) usage would leak MAP_FUTUREWIRE of the process's
vmspace::vm_map and subsequent processes would wire all of their memory.
Coupled with a wired-page leak in vm_fault_unwire(), this would run the
system out of free pages and cause programs to randomly SIGBUS when
faulting in new pages.
(Note that this is not the fix for the latter part; pages are still
leaked when a wired area is unmapped in some cases.)
Reviewed by: alc
PR kern/62930
would actually map the file with read access enabled. According to
http://www.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/007904975/functions/mmap.html this is
an error. Similarly, an madvise(..., MADV_WILLNEED) would enable read
access on a virtual address range that was PROT_NONE.
The solution implemented herein is (1) to pass a vm_prot_t to
vm_map_pmap_enter() describing the allowed access and (2) to make
vm_map_pmap_enter() responsible for understanding the limitations of
pmap_enter_quick().
Submitted by: "Mark W. Krentel" <krentel@dreamscape.com>
PR: kern/64573
ever since alpha/alpha/pmap.c revision 1.81 introduced the list allpmaps,
there has been no reason for having this function on Alpha. Briefly,
when pmap_growkernel() relied upon the list of all processes to find and
update the various pmaps to reflect a growth in the kernel's valid
address space, pmap_init2() served to avoid a race between pmap
initialization and pmap_growkernel(). Specifically, pmap_pinit2() was
responsible for initializing the kernel portions of the pmap and
pmap_pinit2() was called after the process structure contained a pointer
to the new pmap for use by pmap_growkernel(). Thus, an update to the
kernel's address space might be applied to the new pmap unnecessarily,
but an update would never be lost.
- struct plimit includes a mutex to protect a reference count. The plimit
structure is treated similarly to struct ucred in that is is always copy
on write, so having a reference to a structure is sufficient to read from
it without needing a further lock.
- The proc lock protects the p_limit pointer and must be held while reading
limits from a process to keep the limit structure from changing out from
under you while reading from it.
- Various global limits that are ints are not protected by a lock since
int writes are atomic on all the archs we support and thus a lock
wouldn't buy us anything.
- All accesses to individual resource limits from a process are abstracted
behind a simple lim_rlimit(), lim_max(), and lim_cur() API that return
either an rlimit, or the current or max individual limit of the specified
resource from a process.
- dosetrlimit() was renamed to kern_setrlimit() to match existing style of
other similar syscall helper functions.
- The alpha OSF/1 compat layer no longer calls getrlimit() and setrlimit()
(it didn't used the stackgap when it should have) but uses lim_rlimit()
and kern_setrlimit() instead.
- The svr4 compat no longer uses the stackgap for resource limits calls,
but uses lim_rlimit() and kern_setrlimit() instead.
- The ibcs2 compat no longer uses the stackgap for resource limits. It
also no longer uses the stackgap for accessing sysctl's for the
ibcs2_sysconf() syscall but uses kernel_sysctl() instead. As a result,
ibcs2_sysconf() no longer needs Giant.
- The p_rlimit macro no longer exists.
Submitted by: mtm (mostly, I only did a few cleanups and catchups)
Tested on: i386
Compiled on: alpha, amd64
occurs when kmem_malloc() fails to allocate a sufficient number of vm
pages. Specifically, we avoid the lock-order reversal by not grabbing
Giant around pmap_remove() if the map is the kmem_map.
Approved by: re (jhb)
Reported by: Eugene <eugene3@web.de>
- Return EBUSY if the region was wired by mlock(2) and MS_INVALIDATE
is specified to msync(2). This is required by the Open Group Base
Specifications Issue 6.
- vm_map_sync() doesn't return KERN_FAILURE. Thus, msync(2) can't
possibly return EIO.
- The second major loop in vm_map_sync() handles sub maps. Thus,
failing on sub maps in the first major loop isn't necessary.
must return EINVAL if size is zero. Submitted by: tegge
- In order to avoid a race condition in multithreaded applications, the
check and removal operations by munmap(2) must be in the same critical
section. To accomodate this, vm_map_check_protection() is modified to
require its caller to obtain at least a read lock on the map.
if we drop into the pmap or vnode layers.
- Migrate the handling of zero-length msync(2)s into vm_map_sync() so that
multithread applications can't change the map between implementing the
zero-length hack in msync(2) and reacquiring the map lock in
vm_map_sync().
Reviewed by: tegge
that msync(2) is its only caller.
- Migrate the parts of the old vm_map_clean() that examined the internals
of a vm object to a new function vm_object_sync() that is implemented in
vm_object.c. At the same, introduce the necessary vm object locking so
that vm_map_sync() and vm_object_sync() can be called without Giant.
Reviewed by: tegge
