                    INSTALLATION GUIDE FOR FreeBSD 2.0.5

This manual documents the process of installing FreeBSD on your
machine.  Please also see the hardware guide for hardware-specific
installation instructions (how to configure your hardware, what sorts
of things to watch out for, etc).

If you're running DOS and want FreeBSD to interoperate with it, read
the following section first!  Otherwise, you may skip to the next
section.


+==========================================+
|1. DOS user's Question and Answer section |
+==========================================+

1.1	Help!  I have no space!  Do I need to delete everything first?

If your machine is already running DOS and has little or no free space
available for FreeBSD's installation, all is not lost!  You may find
the "FIPS" utility, provided in the tools/ subdirectory on the FreeBSD
CDROM or on the various FreeBSD ftp sites, to be quite useful.

FIPS allows you to split an existing DOS partition into two pieces,
preserving the original partition and allowing you to install onto the
second free piece.  You first "defrag" your DOS partition, using the
DOS 6.xx "DEFRAG" utility or the Norton Disk tools, then run FIPS.  It
will prompt you for the rest of the information it needs.  Afterwards,
you can reboot and install FreeBSD on the new free slice.  See the
Distributions menu for an estimation of how much free space you'll
need for the kind of installation you want.


1.2	Can I use compressed DOS filesystems from FreeBSD?

No.  If you are using a utility such as Stacker(tm) or DoubleSpace(tm),
FreeBSD will only be able to use whatever portion of the filesystem
you leave uncompressed.  The rest of the filesystem will show up as
one large file (the stacked/dblspaced file!).  DO NOT REMOVE THAT
FILE!  You will probably regret it greatly!

It is probably better to create another uncompressed DOS primary
partition and use this for communications between DOS and FreeBSD.


1.3	Can I mount my DOS extended partitions?

This feature isn't in FreeBSD 2.0.5 but should be in 2.1.  We've laid
all the groundwork for making this happen, now we just need to do the
last 1% of the work involved.


1.4	Can I run DOS binaries under FreeBSD?

Not yet!  We'd like to add support for this someday, but are still
lacking anyone to actually do the work..



+==================================+
|2. PREPARING FOR THE INSTALLATION |
+==================================+

2.1	Before installing from CDROM:

If your CDROM is of an unsupported type, such as an IDE CDROM, then
please skip to section 2.3: DOS Preparation.

There is not a lot of preparatory work that needs to be done to
successfully install from one of Walnut Creek's FreeBSD CDROMs (other
CDROM distributions may work as well, but I can't say for sure as I
have no hand or say in their creation).  You can either boot into the
CD installation directly from DOS using Walnut Creek's supplied "go"
batch file or you can make a boot floppy by writing the supplied image
(floppies/boot.flp) onto a floppy.  Under DOS, a good utility for this
is rawrite.exe, which may also be found in the tools/ subdirectory.
Under UNIX, you may find that ``dd if=floppies/boot.flp of=/dev/rfd0''
or ``dd if=floppies/boot.flp of=/dev/floppy'' works well, depending on
your hardware.

Once you've booted one way or the other, you should be able to select
CDROM as the media type when asked and load the entire distribution
from CDROM.  No other media will be required.

After your system is fully installed and you have rebooted from the
hard disk, you should find the CD mounted on the directory /cdrom.  A
utility called `lndir' comes with the XFree86 distribution which you
may also find useful: It allows you to create "link tree" directories
to things on Read-Only media like CDROM.  One example might be
something like this:

	mkdir /usr/ports
	lndir /cdrom/ports /usr/ports

Which would allow you to then "cd /usr/ports; make" and get all the
sources from the CD, but yet create all the intermediate files in
/usr/ports, which is presumably on a more writable media! :-)


2.2	Before installing from Floppy:

If you must install from floppy disks, either due to unsupported
hardware or just because you enjoy doing things the hard way, you must
first prepare some floppies for the install.

The first floppy you'll need is ``floppies/root.flp'', which is
somewhat special in that it's not a DOS filesystem floppy at all, but
rather an "image" floppy (it's actually a gzip'd cpio file).  You can
use the rawrite.exe program to do this under DOS, or ``dd'' to do it
on a UNIX Workstation (see notes in section 2.1 concerning the
``floppies/boot.flp'' image).  Once this floppy is made, put it aside.
You'll be asked for it later.

You will also need, at minimum, as many 1.44MB or 1.2MB floppies as it
takes to hold all files in the bin (binary distribution) directory.
THESE floppies *must* be formatted using MS-DOS, using with the FORMAT
command in MS-DOS or the File Manager format command in Microsoft
Windows(tm).  Factory preformatted floppies will also work well,
provided that they haven't been previously used for something else.

Many problems reported by our users in the past have turned out to be
from the use of improperly formatted media, so we simply take special
care to mention it here!

After you've DOS formatted the floppies, you'll need to copy the files
onto them.  The distribution files are split into chunks conveniently
sized so that 5 of them will fit on a conventional 1.44MB floppy.  Go
through all your floppies, packing as many files as will fit on each
one, until you've got all the distributions you want packed up in this
fashion.  Select ``Floppy'' from the Media menu at installation time
and you will be prompted for everything after that.


2.3	Before installing from a DOS partition:

To prepare for installation from an MS-DOS partition, you should
simply copy the files from the distribution into a directory with the
same name as the distribution.  For example, if you are preparing to
install the bin distribution set, then make a directory on your C:
drive named C:\FREEBSD\BIN and copy the files there.  Copying the
distributions into subdirectories of the FREEBSD directory allows the
installation program to find the files automatically.


2.4	Before installing from QIC/SCSI Tape:

Installing from tape is probably the easiest method, short of an
on-line install using FTP or installing from a CDROM.  The
installation program expects the files to be simply tar'ed onto the
tape, so after getting all of the files for distribution you're
interested in, simply tar them onto the tape with a command like:

	cd /freebsd/distdir
	tar cvf /dev/rwt0 (or /dev/rst0) dist1 .. dist2

When you go to do the installation, you should make sure that you
leave enough room in the /usr/tmp directory to accomdate the FULL
contents of the tape you've created.  Due to the non-random access
nature of tapes, this method of installation requires quite a bit of
temporary storage!  You should expect to require as much temporary
storage as you have stuff written on tape!


2.5	Before installing over a network:

You can do network installations over 3 types of communications links:

	Serial port:	SLIP / PPP
	Parallel port:	PLIP (laplink cable)
	Ethernet:	A standard ethernet controller (includes some PCMCIA).

SLIP support is rather primitive, and limited primarily to hard-wired
links, such as a serial cable running between a laptop computer and
another computer.  The link should be hard-wired as the SLIP
installation doesn't currently offer a dialing capability; that
facility is provided with the PPP utility, which should be used in
preference to SLIP whenever possible.

If you're using a modem, then PPP is almost certainly your only
choice.  Make sure that you have your service provider's information
handy as you'll need to know it fairly soon in the installation
process.  You will need to know, at the minimum, your service
provider's IP address and possibly your own (though you can also leave
it blank and allow PPP to negotiate it with your ISP).  You also need
to know how to use the various "AT commands" to dial the ISP with your
particular modem as the PPP dialer provides only a very simple
terminal emulator.

If a hard-wired connection to another FreeBSD (2.0R or later) machine
is available, you might also consider installing over a "laplink"
parallel port cable.  The data rate over the parallel port is much
higher than is what's typically possible over a serial line (up to
50k/sec), thus resulting in a quicker installation.

Finally, for the fastest possible installation, an ethernet adaptor is
always a good choice!  FreeBSD supports most common PC ethernet cards,
a table of supported cards (and their required settings) provided as
part of the FreeBSD Hardware Guide - see the Documentation menu on the
boot floppy.  If you are using one of the supported PCMCIA ethernet
cards, also be sure that it's plugged in _before_ the laptop is
powered on!  FreeBSD does not, unfortunately, currently support "hot
insertion" of PCMCIA cards.

You will also need to know your IP address on the network, the the
"netmask" value for your address class and the name of your machine.
Your system administrator can tell you which values to use for your
particular network setup.  If you will be referring to other hosts by
name rather than IP address, you'll also need a name server and
possibly the address of a gateway (if you're using PPP, it's your
provider's IP address) to use in talking to it.  If you do not know
the answers to all or or most of these questions, then you should
really probably talk to your system administrator _first_ before
trying this type of installation!


Once you have a network link of some sort working, the installation
can continue over NFS or FTP.

NFS installation is fairly straight-forward: Simply copy the FreeBSD
distribution files you're interested onto a server somewhere and then
point the NFS media selection at it.  If this server supports only
"privileged port" access, or you have a poor quality ethernet card
which suffers from very slow transfer rates, you may wish to
investigate the ``Ftp Options'' menu for special flags to set in these
case.

FTP installation may be done from any mirror site containing a
reasonably up-to-date version of FreeBSD 2.0.5.  A full menu of
reasonable choices from almost anywhere in the world is provided in
the FTP site menu.


+============================+
|2. INSTALLING FREEBSD 2.0.5 |
+============================+

Once you've done the appropriate preinstallation steps, you should install
FreeBSD!

/* XXX  Put some more text in this section.. :-)  XXX */
