2685 lines
106 KiB
Plaintext
2685 lines
106 KiB
Plaintext
<!-- $FreeBSD$ -->
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<sect1 id="support-proc">
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<sect1info>
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<authorgroup>
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<author>
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<firstname>Wilko</firstname>
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<surname>Bulte</surname>
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<contrib>Maintained by </contrib>
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</author>
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</authorgroup>
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</sect1info>
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<title>Supported processors and motherboards</title>
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<para>Additions, corrections and constructive criticism are invited. In
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particular, information on system quirks is more than welcome.</para>
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<sect2>
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<title>Overview</title>
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<para>This document tries to provide a starting point for those
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who want to run &os; on an Alpha-based machine. It is
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aimed at providing background information on the various hardware
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designs. It is not a replacement for the systems manuals.</para>
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<para>The information is structured as follows:</para>
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<itemizedlist>
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<listitem>
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<para>general hardware requirements to run &os; on alpha;</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>system specific information for each of the
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systems/boards supported by &os;;</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>information on expansion boards for &os;,
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including things that differ from what is in the generic
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supported hardware list.</para>
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</listitem>
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</itemizedlist>
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<note>
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<para>You will see references to DEC, Digital Equipment Corporation and
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Compaq used more or less interchangeably. Now that Compaq has acquired
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Digital Equipment it would be more correct to refer to Compaq only.
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To be completely politically correct given that Hewlett Packard
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in turn has acquired Compaq I probably should be using HP everywhere.
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Given the fact that you will see the mix of names everywhere, I don't
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bother.</para>
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</note>
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<note>
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<para>SRM commands will be in <userinput>UPPER CASE</userinput>.
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Lower case input is also acceptable to SRM. Upper case is used for
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clarity.</para>
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</note>
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</sect2>
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<sect2>
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<title>In general, what do you need to run &os; on an Alpha?</title>
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<para>Obviously you will need an Alpha machine that &os;
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knows about. Alpha machines are NOT like PCs. There are
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considerable differences between the various core logic chip sets and
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mainboard designs. This means that a kernel needs to know the
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intimate details of a particular machine before it can run on
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it. Throwing some odd <filename>GENERIC</filename> kernel at
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unknown hardware is almost guaranteed to fail miserably.</para>
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<para>For a machine even to be considered for &os; use please
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make sure it has the SRM console firmware installed. Or at least
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make sure that SRM console firmware is available for the
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particular machine type. If &os; does not currently support
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your machine type, there is a good chance that this will change at
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some point in time, assuming SRM is available. All bets are off when
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SRM console firmware is not available.</para>
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<para>Machines with the ARC or AlphaBIOS console firmware were
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intended for WindowsNT. Some have SRM console firmware available
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in the system ROMs which you only have to select (via an ARC or
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AlphaBIOS menu). In other cases you will have to re-flash the ROMs
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with SRM code. Check on
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http://ftp.digital.com/pub/DEC/Alpha/firmware to see what is
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available for your particular system. In any case: no SRM means
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<emphasis>no</emphasis>
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&os; (or NetBSD, OpenBSD, Tru64 Unix or OpenVMS for that
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matter). With the demise of WindowsNT/alpha a lot of former NT
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boxes are sold on the second hand market. They have little or no
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trade-in value when they are NT-only from the console firmware
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perspective. So, be suspicious if the price appears too good.</para>
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<para>Known non-SRM machines are:</para>
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<itemizedlist>
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<listitem>
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<para>Digital XL series</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>Digital XLT series</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>Samsung PC164UX (<quote>Ruffian</quote>)</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>Samsung 164B</para>
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</listitem>
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</itemizedlist>
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<para>Machines that have SRM but are not supported by &os; are:</para>
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<itemizedlist>
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<listitem>
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<para>DECpc 150 (<quote>Jensen</quote>)</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>DEC 2000/300 (<quote>Jensen</quote>)</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>DEC 2000/500 (<quote>Culzean</quote>)</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>AXPvme series (<quote>Medulla</quote>)</para>
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</listitem>
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</itemizedlist>
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<para>To complicate things a bit further: Digital used to have so
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called <quote>white-box</quote> Alpha machines destined as NT-only
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and <quote>blue-box</quote> Alpha machines destined for OpenVMS
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and Digital Unix. These names are based on the color of the
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cabinets, <quote>FrostWhite</quote> and <quote>TopGunBlue</quote>
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respectively. Although you could put the SRM console firmware on a
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whitebox, OpenVMS and Digital Unix will refuse to boot on
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them. &os; in post-4.0-RELEASE will run on both the white and the
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blue-box variants. Before someone asks: the white ones had a
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rather different (read: cheaper) Digital price tag.</para>
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<para>As part of the SRM you will get the so called OSF/1 PAL code
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(OSF/1 being the initial name of Digital's UNIX offering on
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Alpha). The PAL code can be thought of as a software abstraction
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layer between the hardware and the operating system. It uses
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normal CPU instruction plus a handful of privileged instructions
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specific for PAL use. PAL is not microcode. The ARC console
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firmware contains a different PAL code, geared towards WinNT and
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in no way suitable for use by &os; (or more generic: Unix or
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OpenVMS). Before someone asks: Linux/alpha brings its own PAL
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code, allowing it to boot on ARC and AlphaBIOS. There are various
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reasons why this is not a very good idea in the eyes of the *BSD
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folks. I don't want to go into details here. If you are interested
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in the gory details search the &os; and NetBSD web sites.</para>
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<para>There is another pitfall ahead: you will need a disk adapter
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that the SRM console firmware recognizes in order to be able to boot from
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a disk. What is acceptable to SRM as a boot adapter is
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unfortunately highly system and SRM version dependent. For older PCI
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based machines it means you will need either a NCR/Symbios
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53C810 based adapter, or a Qlogic 1020/1040 based adapter. Some
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machines come with a SCSI chip embedded on the mainboard. Newer
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machine designs and SRM versions will be able to work with more modern
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SCSI chips/adapters. Check out the machine specific info
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below. Please note that the rest of this discussion only refers to
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Symbios chips, this is meant to include the older chips that still
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have NCR stamped on them. Symbios bought NCR sometime.</para>
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<para>The problem might bite those who have machines that started
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their lives as WindowsNT boxes. The ARC or AlphaBIOS knows about
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<emphasis>other</emphasis> adapter types that it can boot from
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than the SRM. For example you can boot from an Adaptec 2940UW with
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ARC/AlphaBios but (generally) not with SRM. Some newer machine types have
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introduced Adaptec boot support. Please consult the machine
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specific section for details.</para>
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<para>Most adapters that cannot be booted from work fine for
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data-only disks. The differences between SRM and ARC could also
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get you pre-packaged IDE CDROMs and hard drives in some (former
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WindowsNT) systems. SRM versions exist (depends on the machine type)
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that can boot from IDE disks and CDROMs. Check the machine
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specific section for details.</para>
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<para>In order to be bootable the root partition (partition a)
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must be at offset 0 of the disk drive. This means you have to
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use the installer's partitioning menu and start with assigning
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partition a at offset 0 to the root partition. Subsequently layout
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the rest of the partitions to your liking. If you do not adhere
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to this rule the install will proceed just fine, but the system
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will not be bootable from the freshly installed disk. Note that
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fdisk is not used on &os; running on Alpha, disks are directly
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labeled using disklabel.</para>
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<para>If you don't have/want a local disk drive you can boot via
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the Ethernet. This assumes an Ethernet adapter/chip that is
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recognized by the SRM console. Generally speaking this boils down to
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either a 21040 or 21142 or 21143 based Ethernet interface. Older
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machines or SRM versions may not recognize the 21142 / 21143 Fast
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Ethernet chips, you are then limited to using 10Mbit Ethernet for net
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booting those machines. Non-DEC cards based on said chips will
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generally (but are not guaranteed to) work. Note that Intel took
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over the 21x4x chips when it bought Digital Semiconductor. So you
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might see an Intel logo on them these days. Recent machine designs
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have SRM support for Intel 8255x Ethernet chips.</para>
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<para>Alpha machines can be run with SRM on a graphics console or
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on a serial console. ARC can also be run on a serial consoles if need
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be. VT100 emulation with 8 bit controls should at least allow you
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to switch from ARC/AlphaBIOS to SRM mode without having to install a
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graphics card first.</para>
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<para>If you want to run your Alpha machine without a monitor/graphics
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card just don't connect a keyboard/mouse to the machine. Instead
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hook up a serial terminal[emulator] to serial port #1. The SRM
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will talk 9600N81 to you. This can also be really practical for
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debugging purposes. Beware: some/most (?) SRMs will also present
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you with a console prompt at serial port #2. The booting kernel,
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however, will display the boot messages on serial port #1 and will
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also put the console there. <emphasis>This can be extremely
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confusing.</emphasis></para>
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<para>Most PCI based Alphas can use ordinary PC-type VGA
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cards. The SRM contains enough smarts to make that work. It does
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not, however, mean that each and every PCI VGA card out on the
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street will work in an Alpha machine. Things like S3 Trio64,
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Mach64, and Matrox Millennium generally work. Old ET4000 based ISA
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cards have also worked for me. But ask around first before buying.</para>
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<para>Most PCI devices from the PC-world will also work in
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&os; PCI-based machines. Check the
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<filename>/sys/alpha/conf/GENERIC</filename> file for the latest word
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on this. Check the appropriate machine type's
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discussion in case you want to use PCI cards that have PCI bridge
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chips on them. In some cases you might encounter problems with
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PCI cards not handling PCI parity correctly. This can lead to
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panics. PCI parity checking can be disabled using the following
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SRM command:</para>
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<screen><prompt>>>></prompt> <userinput>SET PCI_PARITY OFF</userinput></screen>
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<para>This is not a &os; problem, all operating systems running on
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Alpha hardware will need this workaround.</para>
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<para>If your system (also) contains EISA expansion slots you will
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need to run the EISA Configuration Utility (ECU) after you have
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installed EISA cards or after you have upgraded your
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console firmware.</para>
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<para>For Alpha CPUs you will find multiple generations. The
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original Alpha design is the 21064. It was produced in a chip
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process called MOS4, chips made in this process are nicknamed
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EV4. Newer CPUs are 21164, 21264 etc. You will see designations
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like EV4S, EV45, EV5, EV56, EV6, EV67, EV68. The EVs with double digit
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numbers are slightly improved versions. For example EV45 has an
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improved FPU and 16 kByte on-chip separate I & D caches compared
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to the EV4 on which it is based. Rule of thumb: the higher the
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digit immediately following <quote>EV</quote> the more desirable
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(read: faster / more modern).</para>
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<para>For memory you want at least 32 Mbytes. I have had
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&os; run on a 16 Mbyte system but you will not enjoy
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that. Kernel build times halved when I went to 32 Mbytes. Note that
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the SRM console steals 2Mbyte from the total system memory (and keeps
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it). For more serious work 64 Mbytes or more are recommended.
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Although Alpha machines typically can accomodate large to very large
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physical memory sizes, &os; is limited to 1 or 2 Gbytes (dependent
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on the core chipset) of RAM. This restriction is due to the
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current implementation of the VM system.</para>
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<para>While on the subject of memory: pay close attention to the
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type of memory your machine uses. There are very different memory
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configurations and requirements for the various machines.</para>
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<para>Final word: I expect the above to sound a bit daunting to
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the first-time Alpha user. Don't be daunted too much. And do feel
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free to ask questions if something is not clear after reading this
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document.</para>
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</sect2>
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<sect2>
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<title>System-specific information</title>
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<para>Below is an overview of the hardware that &os; runs on. This list
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will definitely grow, a look in
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<filename>/sys/alpha/conf/GENERIC</filename> can be enlightening.</para>
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<para>Alpha machines are often best known by their project code name.
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Where known these are listed below in parentheses.</para>
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<sect3>
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<title>AXPpci33 (<quote>NoName</quote>)</title>
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<para>The NoName is a baby-AT mainboard based on the 21066 LCA
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(Low Cost Alpha) processor. NoName was originally designed for
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OEM-use. The LCA chip includes almost all of the logic to drive
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a PCI bus and the memory subsystem. All of this makes for a
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low-priced design.</para>
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<para>Due to the limited memory interface the system is not
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particularly fast in case of cache misses. As long as you stay
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inside the on-chip cache the CPU is comparable to a 21064 (first
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generation Alpha). These boards should be very cheap to obtain
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these days. It is a full-fledged 64 bit CPU, just don't expect
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miracles as far as speed goes.</para>
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<para>Features:</para>
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<itemizedlist>
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<listitem>
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<para>21066 Alpha CPU at 166 MHz or 21066A CPU at 233MHz.
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21068 CPUs are also possible, but are even slower.</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>on-board Bcache / L2 cache: 0, 256k or 1 Mbyte (uses
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DIL chips)</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>PS/2 mouse & keyboard port OR 5pin DIN keyboard (2
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mainboard models)</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>memory:</para>
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<itemizedlist>
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<listitem>
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<para>bus width: 64 bits</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>PS/2 style 72 pin 36 bit Fast Page Mode SIMMs</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>70ns or better</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>installed in pairs of 2</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>4 SIMM sockets</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>uses ECC</para>
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</listitem>
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</itemizedlist>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>512kB Flash ROM for the console code.</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>2 16550A serial ports</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>1 parallel port</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>floppy interface</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>1 embedded IDE interface</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>expansion:</para>
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<itemizedlist>
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<listitem>
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<para>3 32 bit PCI slots (1 shared with ISA)</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>5 ISA slots (1 shared with PCI)</para>
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</listitem>
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</itemizedlist>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>embedded Fast SCSI using a Symbios 53C810 chip</para>
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</listitem>
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</itemizedlist>
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<para>NoNames can either have SRM <emphasis>or</emphasis> ARC console
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firmware in their Flash ROM. The Flash ROM is not big enough to
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hold both ARC and SRM at the same time and allow software
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selection of alternate console code. But you only need SRM
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anyway.</para>
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<para>Cache for the NoNames are 15 or 20 ns DIL chips. For a 256
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kByte cache you want to check your junked 486 mainboard. Chips
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for a 1 Mbyte cache are a rarer breed unfortunately. Getting at
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least a 256kByte cache is recommended performance
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wise. Cache-less they are really slow.</para>
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<para>The NoName mainboard has a PC/AT-standard power
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connector. It also has a power connector for 3.3 Volts. No need
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to rush out to get a new power supply. The 3.3 Volts is only
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needed in case you run 3.3 Volts PCI expansion boards. These are
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quite rare.</para>
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<para>The IDE interface is supported by &os; and requires a
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line in the kernel configuration file as follows:</para>
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<programlisting>device ata</programlisting>
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<para>The ATA interface uses irq 14.</para>
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<para>The SRM console unfortunately <emphasis> cannot boot</emphasis>
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from IDE disks. This means you will have to use a SCSI disk as
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the boot device.</para>
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<para>The NoName is somewhat stubborn when it comes to serial
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consoles. It needs</para>
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<screen>>>> <userinput>SET CONSOLE SERIAL</userinput></screen>
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<para>before it goes for a serial console. Pulling the keyboard from
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the machine is not sufficient, like it is on most other Alpha models.
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Going back to a graphical console needs</para>
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<screen>>>> <userinput>SET CONSOLE GRAPHICS</userinput></screen>
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<para>at the serial console.</para>
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<para>There have been reports that you sometimes need to press
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<keycap>Control</keycap>-<keycap>Alt</keycap>-<keycap>Del</keycap>
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to capture the SRM's attention. I have
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never seen this myself, but it is worth trying if you are greeted
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by a blank screen after powerup.</para>
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<para>Make sure you use true 36 bit SIMMs, and only FPM (Fast
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Page Mode) DRAM. EDO DRAM or SIMMs with fake parity <emphasis>will not
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work</emphasis>. The board uses the 4 extra bits for ECC. 33
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bit FPM SIMMs will for the same reason not work.</para>
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<para>Given the choice, get the PS/2-variant mainboard. Apart
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from giving you a mouse port as bonus it is directly supported
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by Tru64 Unix in case you ever want or need to run it. The
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<quote>DIN-plug</quote>-variant should work OK for &os;.</para>
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<para>The <ulink
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url="ftp://ftp.digital.com/pub/DEC/axppci/design_guide.ps">
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OEM manual</ulink> is recommended reading.</para>
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<para>The kernel configuration file for a NoName kernel must
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contain:</para>
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<programlisting>options DEC_AXPPCI_33
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cpu EV4</programlisting>
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</sect3>
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<sect3>
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<title>Personal Workstation (<quote>Miata</quote>)</title>
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<para>The Miata is a small tower machine intended to be put
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under a desk. There are multiple Miata variants. The original
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Miata is the MX5 model. Because it suffers from a number of
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hardware design flaws a redesign was done, yielding the
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MiataGL. Unfortunately the variants are not easily distinguishable
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at first sight from the outside of the case.
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An easy check is to see if the back of the machine sports two
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USB connectors. If yes, it is a MiataGL. MX5 models tend to be
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more common in the used system market place.</para>
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<para>System designations look like <quote>Personal Workstation
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433a</quote>. Personal Workstation, being a bit of a mouthful,
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is often abbreviated to PWS. This means it has a 433 MHz CPU,
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and started life as a WinNT workstation (the trailing
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<quote>a</quote>). Systems designated from day 1 to run Tru64
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Unix or OpenVMS will sport <quote>433au</quote>. WinNT-Miatas
|
|
are likely to come pre-configured with an IDE CDROM drive. So,
|
|
in general systems are named like PWS[433,500,600]a[u].</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>There was also a Miata model with a special CPU cooling
|
|
system by Kryotech. The Kryotech has a special cooling system
|
|
and is housed in a different enclosure.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>Features:</para>
|
|
<itemizedlist>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>21164A EV56 Alpha CPU at 433, 500 or 600MHz</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>21174 core logic (<quote>Pyxis</quote>) chip</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>on-board Bcache / L3 cache: 0, 2 or 4 Mbytes (uses a
|
|
cache module)</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem><para>memory:</para>
|
|
<itemizedlist>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>bus width: 128 bits wide, ECC protected</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>unbuffered 72 bit wide SDRAMs DIMMs,
|
|
installed in pairs of 2</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>6 DIMM sockets</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>maximum memory 1.5 GBytes</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</itemizedlist>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>on-board Fast Ethernet:</para>
|
|
<itemizedlist>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>MX5 uses a 21142 or 21143 Ethernet chip,
|
|
dependent on the version of the PCI riser card</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>MiataGL has a 21143 chip</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>the bulkhead can be 10/100 Mbit UTP, or
|
|
10 Mbit UTP/BNC</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</itemizedlist>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>2 on-board [E]IDE disk interfaces, based on
|
|
the CMD646 (MX5) or the Cypress 82C693 (MiataGL)</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>1 Ultra-Wide SCSI Qlogic 1040 [MiataGL only]</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>2 64-bit PCI slots</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>3 32-bit PCI slots (behind a DEC PCI-PCI bridge chip)</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>3 ISA slots (physically shared with the 32 bit PCI slots,
|
|
via an Intel 82378IB PCI to ISA bridge chip)</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>2 16550A serial port</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>1 parallel port</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>PS/2 keyboard & mouse port</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>USB interface [MiataGL only]</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>embedded sound based on an ESS1888 chip</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</itemizedlist>
|
|
|
|
<para>The Miata logic is divided into two printed circuit
|
|
boards. The lower board in the bottom of the machine has the
|
|
PCI and ISA slots and things like the sound chip etc. The top
|
|
board has the CPU, the Pyxis chip, memory etc. Note that MX5
|
|
and the MiataGL use a different PCI riser board. This means
|
|
that you cannot just upgrade to a MiataGL CPU board (with the
|
|
newer Pyxis chip) but that you will also need a different
|
|
riser board. Apparently an MX5 riser with a MiataGL CPU board
|
|
will work but it is definitely not a supported or tested
|
|
configuration. Everything else (cabinet, wiring, etc.) is
|
|
identical for MX5 and MiataGL.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>MX5 has problems with DMA via the 2 64-bit PCI slots
|
|
when this DMA crosses a page boundary. The 32 bit slots don't
|
|
have this problem because the PCI-PCI bridge chip does not
|
|
allow the offending transfers. The SRM code knows about the
|
|
problem and refuses to start the system if there is a PCI card
|
|
in one of the 64bit slots that it does not know about. Cards
|
|
that are <quote>known good</quote> to the SRM are allowed to
|
|
be used in the 64bit slots.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>If you want to fool the SRM you can type <userinput>set
|
|
pci_device_override</userinput> at the SRM prompt. Just don't
|
|
complain if your data mysteriously gets mangled.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>The complete command is:</para>
|
|
|
|
<screen><prompt>>>></prompt> <userinput>SET PCI_DEVICE_OVERRIDE <replaceable><vendor_id></replaceable><replaceable><device_id></replaceable></userinput></screen>
|
|
|
|
<para>For example:</para>
|
|
|
|
<screen><prompt>>>></prompt> <userinput>SET PCI_DEVICE_OVERRIDE 88c15333</userinput></screen>
|
|
|
|
<para>The most radical approach is to use:</para>
|
|
|
|
<screen><prompt>>>></prompt> <userinput>SET PCI_DEVICE_OVERRIDE -1</userinput></screen>
|
|
|
|
<para>This disables PCI ID checking altogether, so that you
|
|
can install any PCI card without its ID getting
|
|
checked. For this to work you need a reasonable current SRM version.</para>
|
|
<important><para>Do this on your own risk..</para></important>
|
|
|
|
<para>The &os; kernel reports it when it sees a buggy Pyxis chip:</para>
|
|
|
|
<screen>Sep 16 18:39:43 miata /kernel: cia0: Pyxis, pass 1
|
|
Sep 16 18:39:43 miata /kernel: cia0: extended capabilities: 1<BWEN>
|
|
Sep 16 18:39:43 miata /kernel: cia0: WARNING: Pyxis pass 1 DMA bug; no bets...</screen>
|
|
|
|
<para>A MiataGL probes as:</para>
|
|
|
|
<screen>Jan 3 12:22:32 miata /kernel: cia0: Pyxis, pass 1
|
|
Jan 3 12:22:32 miata /kernel: cia0: extended capabilities: 1<BWEN>
|
|
Jan 3 12:22:32 miata /kernel: pcib0: <2117x PCI host bus adapter> on cia0</screen>
|
|
|
|
<para>MiataGL does not have the DMA problems of the MX5. PCI
|
|
cards that make the MX5 SRM choke when installed in the 64bit
|
|
slots are accepted without problems by the MiataGL SRM.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>The latest mainboard revisions of MX5 contain a hardware
|
|
workaround for the bug. The SRM does not know about the ECO
|
|
and will complain about unknown cards as before. So does the
|
|
&os; kernel by the way.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>The Miata SRM can boot from IDE CDROM drives. IDE hard disk
|
|
boot is known to work for both MiataGL and MX5 disks, so you
|
|
can root &os; from an IDE disk. Speeds on MX5 are around 14
|
|
Mbytes/sec assuming a suitable drive. Miata's CMD646 chip will
|
|
support up to WDMA2 mode as the chip is too buggy for use
|
|
with UDMA.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>Miata MX5s generally use Qlogic 1040 based SCSI adapters.
|
|
These are bootable by the SRM console. Note that Adaptec cards
|
|
are <emphasis>not</emphasis> bootable by the Miata SRM console.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>The MiataGL has a faster PCI-PCI bridge chip on the PCI
|
|
riser card than some of the MX5 riser card versions. Some of
|
|
the MX5 risers have the <emphasis>same</emphasis> chip as the
|
|
MiataGL. All in all there is a lot of variation.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>Not all VGA cards will work behind the PCI-PCI
|
|
bridge. This manifests itself as no video at all. Workaround
|
|
is to put the VGA card <quote>before</quote> the bridge, in
|
|
one of the 64 bit PCI slots. Graphics performance using a
|
|
64 bit slot is generally substantially better.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>Both MX5 and MiataGL have an on-board sound chip, an
|
|
ESS1888. It emulates a SoundBlaster and can be enabled by
|
|
putting</para>
|
|
<programlisting>device pcm
|
|
device sbc</programlisting>
|
|
<para>in your kernel configuration file:</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>in case your Miata has the optional cache board
|
|
installed make sure it is firmly seated. A slightly loose
|
|
cache has been observed to cause weird crashes (not surprising
|
|
obviously, but maybe not so obvious when troubleshooting). The
|
|
cache module is identical between MX5 and MiataGL.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>Installing a 2Mb cache module achieves, apart from a
|
|
10-15% speed increase (based on buildworld elapsed time), a
|
|
<emphasis>decrease</emphasis> for PCI DMA read bandwidth from
|
|
64bit PCI cards. A benchmark on a 64-bit Myrinet card resulted
|
|
in a decrease from 149 Mbytes/sec to 115 Mbytes/sec. Something
|
|
to keep in mind when doing really high speed things with 64
|
|
bit PCI adapters.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>Although the hardware allows you to install up to 1.5Gbyte
|
|
of memory, &os; is limited to 1Gbyte because the DMA code does not
|
|
correctly handle memory above 1Gbyte.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>Moving to a faster CPU is quite simple, swap out the
|
|
CPU chip and set the clock multiplier dipswitch to the speed of
|
|
the new CPU.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>If you experience SRM errors like</para>
|
|
|
|
<screen>ERROR: scancode 0xa3 not supported on PCXAL</screen>
|
|
|
|
<para>after halting &os; you should update your SRM firmware to V7.2-1 or
|
|
later. This SRM version is first available on the Firmware
|
|
Update CD V5.7, or on <ulink
|
|
url="http://www.compaq.com/">http://www.compaq.com/</ulink> This SRM
|
|
problem is fixed on both Miata MX5 and Miata GL.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>USB is supported by &os; 4.1 and later.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>Disconnect the power cord before dismantling the
|
|
machine, the soft-power switch keeps part of the logic powered
|
|
<emphasis>even</emphasis> when the machine is switched off.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>The kernel configuration file for a Miata kernel must
|
|
contain:</para>
|
|
|
|
<programlisting>options DEC_ST550
|
|
cpu EV5</programlisting>
|
|
</sect3>
|
|
|
|
<sect3>
|
|
<title>Evaluation Board 64 family</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>In its attempts to popularize the Alpha CPU DEC produced a number
|
|
of so called Evaluation Boards. Members of this family are EB64, EB64+,
|
|
AlphaPC64 (codename <quote>Cabriolet</quote>).
|
|
A non-DEC member of this family is the Aspen Alpine.
|
|
The EB64 family of evaluation boards has the following
|
|
feature set:</para>
|
|
|
|
<itemizedlist>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>21064 or 21064A CPU, 150 to 275 MHz</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>memory:</para>
|
|
<itemizedlist>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>memory buswidth: 128 bit</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>PS/2 style 72 pin 33 bit Fast Page Mode SIMMs</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>70ns or better</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>installed in sets of 4</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>8 SIMM sockets</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>uses parity memory</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</itemizedlist>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Bcache / L2 cache: 0, 512 kByte, 1 Mbyte or 2 Mbytes</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>21072 (<quote>APECS</quote>) chip set</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Intel 82378ZB PCI to ISA bridge chip (<quote>Saturn</quote>)
|
|
</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>dual 16550A serial ports</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>parallel printer port</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Symbios 53C810 Fast-SCSI (not on AlphaPC64)</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>IDE interface (only on AlphaPC64)</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>embedded 10 Mbit Ethernet (not on AlphaPC64)</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>2 PCI slots (4 slots on AlphaPC64)</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>3 ISA slots</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</itemizedlist>
|
|
|
|
<para>Aspen Alpine is slightly different, but is close enough to the
|
|
EB64+ to run an EB64+ SRM EPROM (mine did..). The Aspen Alpine does
|
|
not have an embedded Ethernet, has 3 instead of 2 PCI slots. It comes
|
|
with 2 Mbytes of cache already soldered onto the mainboard. It has
|
|
jumpers to select the use of 60, 70 or 80ns SIMM speeds.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>36 bits SIMMs work fine, 3 bits simply remain unused. Note
|
|
the systems use Fast Page Mode memory, not EDO memory.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>The EB64+ SRM console code is housed in an UV-erasable EPROM. No
|
|
easy flash SRM upgrades for the EB64+ The latest SRM version available
|
|
for EB64+ is quite ancient anyway.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>The EB64+ SRM can boot both 53C810 and Qlogic1040 SCSI adapters.
|
|
Pitfall for the Qlogic is that the firmware that is down-loaded by
|
|
the SRM onto the Qlogic chip is very old. There are no updates for the
|
|
EB64+ SRM available. So you are stuck with old Qlogic bits too.
|
|
I have had quite some problems when I wanted to use Ultra-SCSI drives
|
|
on the Alpine with Qlogic. The &os; kernel can be compiled to include
|
|
a much newer Qlogic firmware revision. This is not the default because
|
|
it adds hundreds of kBytes worth of bloat to the kernel. In &os; 4.1
|
|
and later the isp firmware is contained in a kernel loadable module.
|
|
All of this might mean that you need to use a non-Qlogic adapter to
|
|
boot from.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>AlphaPC64 boards generally come with ARC console firmware.
|
|
SRM console code can be loaded from floppy into the Flash ROM.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>The IDE interface of the AlphaPC64 is not bootable from the
|
|
SRM console. Enabling it requires the following line in the kernel
|
|
configuration file:</para>
|
|
|
|
<programlisting>device ata</programlisting>
|
|
|
|
<para>The ATA interface uses irq 14.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>Note that the boards require a power supply that supplies
|
|
3.3 Volts for the CPU.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>For the EB64 family machines the kernel config file must contain:</para>
|
|
<programlisting>options DEC_EB64PLUS
|
|
cpu EV4</programlisting>
|
|
|
|
</sect3>
|
|
|
|
<sect3>
|
|
<title>Evaluation Board 164 (<quote>EB164, PC164, PC164LX,
|
|
PC164SX</quote>) family</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>EB164 is a newer design evaluation board, based on the 21164A
|
|
CPU. This design has been used to <quote>spin off</quote> multiple variations,
|
|
some of which are used by OEM manufacturers/assembly shops. Samsung
|
|
did its own PC164LX which has only 32 bit PCI, whereas the Digital
|
|
variant has 64 bit PCI.</para>
|
|
|
|
<itemizedlist>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>21164A, multiple speed variants [EB164, PC164, PC164LX]</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>21164PC [only on PC164SX]</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>21171 (Alcor) chip set [EB164]</para>
|
|
<para>21172 (Alcor2) chip set [PC164]</para>
|
|
<para>21174 (Pyxis) chip [164LX, 164SX]</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Bcache / L3 cache: EB164 uses special cache-SIMMs</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>memory bus: 128 bit / 256 bit</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>memory:</para><itemizedlist>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>PS/2 style SIMMs in sets of 4 or 8</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>36 bit, Fast Page Mode, uses ECC, [EB164 / PC164]</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>SDRAM DIMMs in sets of 2, non-ECC or ECC can be used [PC164SX]</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>SDRAM DIMMs in sets of 2, uses ECC [PC164LX]</para>
|
|
</listitem></itemizedlist>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>2 16550A serial ports</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>PS/2 style keyboard & mouse</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>floppy controller</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>parallel port</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>32 bits PCI</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>64 bits PCI [some models]</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>ISA slots via an Intel 82378ZB PCI to ISA bridge chip</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</itemizedlist>
|
|
|
|
<para>Using 8 SIMMs for a 256bit wide memory can yield interesting
|
|
speedups over a 4 SIMM/128bit wide memory. Obviously all 8 SIMMs must
|
|
be of the same type to make this work. The system must be explicitly
|
|
setup to use the 8 SIMM memory arrangement. You must have 8 SIMMs,
|
|
4 SIMMs distributed over 2 banks will not work. For the AlphaPC164
|
|
you can have a maximum of 1Gbyte of RAM, using 8 128Mbyte
|
|
SIMMs. The manual indicates the maximum is 512 Mbyte.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>The SRM can boot from Qlogic 10xx boards or the Symbios 53C810[A].
|
|
Newer Symbios 810 revisions like the Symbios 810AE are not recognized by
|
|
the SRM on PC164. PC164 SRM does not appear to recognize a Symbios 53C895
|
|
based host adapter (tested with a Tekram DC-390U2W). On the other hand
|
|
some no-name Symbios 53C985 board has been reported to work.
|
|
Cards like the Tekram DC-390F (Symbios875 based) have been confirmed to
|
|
work fine on the PC164. Unfortunately this seems to be dependent on the
|
|
actual version of the chip/board.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>Symbios 53C825[a] will also work as boot adapter. Diamond
|
|
FirePort, although based on Symbios chips, is not bootable by the
|
|
PC164SX SRM. PC164SX is reported to boot fine with Symbios825,
|
|
Symbios875, Symbios895 and Symbios876 based cards. In addition, Adaptec
|
|
2940U and 2940UW are reported to work for booting (verified on
|
|
SRM V5.7-1). Adaptec 2930U2 and 2940U2[W] do not work.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>164LX and 164SX with SRM firmware version 5.8 or later can boot
|
|
from Adaptec 2940-series adapters. A test with an Adaptec 3940UW
|
|
showed that that one is not supported however. 164SX SRM recognises
|
|
Intel 8255x Ethernet cards which show up as eia. Using such a
|
|
NIC allows network booting.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>In summary: this family of machines is <quote>blessed</quote> with
|
|
a challenging compatibility as far as SCSI adapters go.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>On 164SX you can have a maximum of 1 Gbyte of RAM. 4 regular
|
|
(PC100 or PC133) 256MB DIMMs are reported to work just fine. Whether
|
|
512MB DIMMs will also work is currently unknown. You can use ECC or
|
|
non-ECC DIMMs. The non-ECC ones are the same as commonly found in PCs.
|
|
Unfortunately the 164SX is quite picky on which DIMMs it likes,
|
|
so be prepared to test and experiment.
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>PCI bridge chips are sometimes not appreciated by the 164SX,
|
|
they cause SRM errors and kernel panics in those cases. This seems
|
|
to depend on the fact if the card is recognised, and therefore
|
|
correctly initialised, by the SRM console. The 164SX' onboard
|
|
IDE interface is quite slow, a Promise card gives a 3-4 times
|
|
speed improvement.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>On PC164 the SRM sometimes seems to lose its variable settings.
|
|
<quote>For PC164, current superstition says that, to avoid losing settings,
|
|
you want to first downgrade to SRM 4.x and then upgrade to 5.x.</quote>
|
|
One sample error that was observed was:</para>
|
|
<screen>ERROR: ISA table corrupt!</screen>
|
|
|
|
<para>A sequence of a downgrade to SRM4.9, an</para>
|
|
|
|
<screen><prompt>>>></prompt> <userinput>ISACFG -INIT</userinput></screen>
|
|
|
|
<para>followed by</para>
|
|
|
|
<screen><prompt>>>> </prompt><userinput>INIT</userinput></screen>
|
|
|
|
<para>made the problem go away. Some PC164 owners report they have never seen
|
|
the problem. </para>
|
|
|
|
<para>On PC164SX the AlphaBIOS allows you a selection to select SRM to
|
|
be used as console on the next power up. This selection does
|
|
not appear to have any effect. In other words, you will get the
|
|
AlphaBIOS regardless of what you select. The fix is to reflash the
|
|
console ROM with the SRM code for PC164SX. This will overwrite the
|
|
AlphaBIOS and will get you the SRM console you desire. The SRM code
|
|
can be found on the Compaq Web site.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>164LX can either have the SRM console code or the AlphaBIOS
|
|
code in its flash ROM because the flash ROM is too small to hold
|
|
both at the same time.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>PC164 can boot from IDE disks assuming your SRM version is
|
|
recent enough.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>EB164 needs a power supply that supplies 3.3 Volts. PC164 does
|
|
not implement the PS_ON signal that ATX power supplies need to switch on.
|
|
A simple switch pulling this signal to ground allows you to run a
|
|
standard ATX power supply.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>For the EB164 class machines the kernel config file must
|
|
contain:</para>
|
|
<programlisting>options DEC_EB164
|
|
cpu EV5</programlisting>
|
|
</sect3>
|
|
|
|
<sect3>
|
|
<title>AlphaStation 200 (<quote>Mustang</quote>) and 400
|
|
(<quote>Avanti</quote>) series</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>The Digital AlphaStation 200 and 400 series systems are early
|
|
low end PCI based workstations. The 200 and 250 series are
|
|
desktop boxes, the 400 series is a desk-side mini-tower.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>Features:</para>
|
|
<itemizedlist>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>21064 or 21064A CPU at speeds of 166 up to 333 MHz</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>DECchip 21071-AA core logic chip set</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Bcache / L2 cache: 512 Kbytes (200 and 400 series)
|
|
or 2048KBytes (250 series)</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>memory:</para>
|
|
<itemizedlist>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>64 bit bus width</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>8 to 384 MBytes of RAM</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>70 ns or better Fast Page DRAM</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>in three pairs (200 and 400 series)</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>in two quads, so banks of four. (250 series)</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>the memory subsystem uses parity</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</itemizedlist>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>PS/2 keyboard and mouse port</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>two 16550 serial ports</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>parallel port</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>floppy disk interface</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>32 bit PCI expansion slots (3 for the AS400-series,
|
|
2 for the AS200 & 250-series)</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>ISA expansion slots (4 for the AS400-series,
|
|
2 for the AS200 & 250-series)
|
|
(some ISA/PCI slots are physically shared)</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>embedded 21040-based Ethernet (200 & 250 series)</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>embedded Symbios 53c810 Fast SCSI-2 chip</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Intel 82378IB (<quote>Saturn</quote>) PCI-ISA bridge chip</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>graphics is embedded TGA or PCI VGA (model dependent)</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>16 bit sound (on 200 & 250 series)</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</itemizedlist>
|
|
|
|
<para>The systems use parity memory SIMMs, but these do not need 36 bit
|
|
wide SIMMs. 33 bit wide SIMMs are sufficient, 36 bit SIMMs are
|
|
acceptable too. EDO or 32 bit SIMMs will not work. 4, 8, 16, 32 and
|
|
64 Mbyte SIMMs are supported.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>The AS200 & AS250 sound hardware is reported to work OK assuming
|
|
you have the following line in your kernel config file:</para>
|
|
<programlisting>device pcm</programlisting>
|
|
|
|
<para>The sound device uses port 0x530, IRQ 10 and drq 0. You also need
|
|
to specify flags 0x10011 in the <filename>device.hints</filename> file.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>AlphaStation 200 & 250 series have an automatic SCSI terminator.
|
|
This means that as soon as you plug a cable onto the external SCSI
|
|
connector the internal terminator of the system is disabled. It also
|
|
means that you should not leave unterminated cables plugged into
|
|
the machine.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>AlphaStation 400 series have an SRM variable that controls
|
|
termination. In case you have external SCSI devices connected you
|
|
must set this SRM variable using</para>
|
|
<screen><prompt>>>></prompt> <userinput>SET CONTROL_SCSI_TERM EXTERNAL</userinput>.</screen>
|
|
|
|
<para>If only internal SCSI devices are present use:</para>
|
|
<screen><prompt>>>></prompt> <userinput>SET CONTROL_SCSI_TERM INTERNAL</userinput></screen>
|
|
|
|
<para>For the AlphaStation-[24][05]00 machines the kernel config file
|
|
must contain:</para>
|
|
<programlisting>options DEC_2100_A50
|
|
cpu EV4</programlisting>
|
|
</sect3>
|
|
|
|
<sect3>
|
|
<title>AlphaStation 500 and 600 (<quote>Alcor</quote> &
|
|
<quote>Maverick</quote> for EV5, <quote>Bret</quote> for EV56)</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>AS500 and 600 were the high-end EV5 / PCI based workstations.
|
|
EV6 based machines have in the meantime taken their place as front
|
|
runners. AS500 is a desktop in a dark blue case (TopGun blue),
|
|
AS600 is a sturdy desk-side box. AS600 has a nice LCD panel to observe
|
|
the early stages of SRM startup.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>Features:</para>
|
|
<itemizedlist>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>21164 EV5 CPU at 266, 300, 333, 366, 400, 433, 466, or
|
|
500 MHz (AS500) or at 266, 300 or 333 MHz (AS600)</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>21171 (Alcor) or 21172 (Alcor2) core logic chip set</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem><para>Cache:</para>
|
|
<itemizedlist>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>2 or 4 Mb L3 / Bcache (AS600 at 266 MHz)</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>4 Mb L3 / Bcache (AS600 at 300 MHz)</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>2 or 8 Mb L3 / Bcache (8 Mb on 500 MHz version only)</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>2 to 16 Mb L3 / Bcache (AS600; 3 cache-SIMM slots)</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</itemizedlist>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>memory buswidth: 256 bits</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem><para>AS500 memory:</para>
|
|
<itemizedlist>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>industry standard 72 bit wide buffered Fast Page Mode
|
|
DIMMs</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>8 DIMM slots</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>installed in sets of 4</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>maximum memory is 1 GB (512 Mb max on 333 MHz CPUs)</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>uses ECC </para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</itemizedlist>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem><para>AS600 memory:</para>
|
|
<itemizedlist>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>industry standard 36 bit Fast Page Mode SIMMs</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>32 SIMM slots</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>installed in sets of 8</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>maximum memory is 1 GB</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>uses ECC</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</itemizedlist>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Qlogic 1020 based wide SCSI bus (1 bus/chip for AS500,
|
|
2 buses/chip for AS600)</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>21040 based 10 Mbit Ethernet adapter, both Thinwire
|
|
and UTP connectors</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>expansion:</para>
|
|
<itemizedlist>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>AS500:</para>
|
|
<itemizedlist>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>3 32-bit PCI slots</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>1 64-bit PCI slot</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</itemizedlist>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>AS600:</para>
|
|
<itemizedlist>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>2 32-bit PCI slot</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>3 64-bit PCI slots</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>1 PCI/EISA physically shared slot</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>3 EISA slots</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>1 PCI and 1 EISA slot are occupied by default</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</itemizedlist>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</itemizedlist>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>21050 PCI-to-PCI bridge chip</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Intel 82375EB PCI-EISA bridge (AS600 only)</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>2 16550A serial ports</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>1 parallel port</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>16 bit audio Windows Sound System, in a dedicated slot (AS500)
|
|
in EISA slot (AS600, this is an ISA card)</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>PS/2 keyboard and mouse port</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</itemizedlist>
|
|
|
|
<para>Early machines had Fast SCSI interfaces, later ones are Ultra
|
|
SCSI capable. AS500 shares its single SCSI bus with internal and external
|
|
devices. For a Fast SCSI bus you are limited to 1.8 meters bus
|
|
length external to the box. The AS500 Qlogic ISP1020A chip can be set
|
|
to run in Ultra mode by setting a SRM variable. &os; however follows
|
|
the Qlogic chip errata and limits the bus speed to Fast.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>Beware of ancient SRM versions on AS500. When you see weird
|
|
SCSI speeds being reported by &os; like</para>
|
|
|
|
<programlisting>cd0 at isp0 bus 0 target 4 lun 0
|
|
cd0: <DEC RRD45 DEC 0436> Removable CD-ROM SCSI-2 device
|
|
cd0: 250.000MB/s transfers (250.000MHz, offset 12)</programlisting>
|
|
|
|
<para> it is time to do a SRM console firmware upgrade.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>AS600 has one Qlogic SCSI chip dedicated to the internal devices
|
|
whereas the other Qlogic SCSI chip is dedicated to external SCSI devices.
|
|
Keep the card, which apart from the two SCSI interfaces also houses
|
|
the Ethernet chip by the way in the DEC-recommended, topmost, 32bit
|
|
PCI slot. You get machine checks if you plug it into one of the 64 bit
|
|
slots.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>In AS500 DIMMs are installed in sets of 4, in <quote>physically
|
|
interleaved</quote> layout. So, a bank of 4 DIMMs is <emphasis>not</emphasis>
|
|
4 physically adjacent DIMMs. Note that the DIMMs are <emphasis>not</emphasis>
|
|
SDRAM DIMMs.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>In AS600 the memory SIMMs are placed onto two memory daughter
|
|
cards. SIMMs are installed in sets of 8. Both memory daughter cards must
|
|
be populated identically.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>Note that both AS500 and AS600 are EISA machines. This means
|
|
you have to run the EISA Configuration Utility (ECU) from floppy
|
|
after adding EISA cards or to change things like the configuration
|
|
settings of the onboard I/O. For AS500 which does not have a physical
|
|
EISA slot the ECU is used to configure the onboard sound interface
|
|
etc.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>AS500 onboard sound can be used by adding a line like</para>
|
|
|
|
<programlisting>device pcm</programlisting>
|
|
|
|
<para>to the kernel configuration file.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>Using the ECU I configured my AS500 to use IRQ 10, port 0x530,
|
|
drq 0. Corresponding entries along with flags 0x10011 must go into
|
|
the <filename>device.hints</filename> file. Note that the flags value is rather non-standard.
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>AS600 has a peculiarity for its PCI slots. AS600 (or rather the
|
|
PCI expansion card containing the SCSI adapters) does not allow I/O port
|
|
mapping, therefore all devices behind it must use memory mapping. If you
|
|
have problems getting the Qlogic SCSI adapters to work, add the following
|
|
option to <filename>/boot/loader.rc</filename>:</para>
|
|
|
|
<programlisting>set isp_mem_map=0xff</programlisting>
|
|
|
|
<para>This may need to be typed at the boot loader prompt before booting the
|
|
installation kernel.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>For the AlphaStation-[56]00 machines the kernel config file
|
|
must contain:</para>
|
|
<programlisting>options DEC_KN20AA
|
|
cpu EV5</programlisting>
|
|
|
|
</sect3>
|
|
|
|
<sect3>
|
|
<title>AlphaServer 1000 (<quote>Mikasa</quote>),
|
|
1000A (<quote>Noritake</quote>) and 800(<quote>Corelle</quote>)</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>The AlphaServer 1000 and 800 range of machines are intended as
|
|
departmental servers. They come in quite some variations in packaging
|
|
and mainboard/cpu. Generally speaking there are 21064 (EV4) CPU based
|
|
machines and 21164 (EV5) based ones. The CPU is on a daughter card, and
|
|
the type of CPU (EV4 or EV5) must match the mainboard in use.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>AlphaServer 800 has a much smaller mini tower case, it lacks the
|
|
StorageWorks SCSI hot-plug chassis. The main difference between AS1000
|
|
and AS1000A is that AS1000A has 7 PCI slots whereas AS1000 only has 3
|
|
PCI slots and has EISA slots instead.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>AS800 with an EV5/400 MHz CPU was later re-branded to become a
|
|
<quote>DIGITAL Server 3300[R]</quote>, AS800 with an EV5/500 MHz
|
|
CPU was later re-branded to become a
|
|
<quote>DIGITAL Server 3305[R]</quote>.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>Features:</para>
|
|
<itemizedlist>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>21064 EV4[5] CPU at 200, 233 or 266 MHz
|
|
21164 EV5[6] CPU at 300, 333 or 400 MHz (or 500 MHz for
|
|
AS800 only)</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>memory:</para><itemizedlist>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>buswidth: 128 bit with ECC</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem><para>AS1000[A]:</para>
|
|
<itemizedlist>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>72pin 36 bit Fast Page Mode SIMMs, 70ns or better</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>16 (EV5 machines) or 20 (EV4 machines) SIMM slots</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>max memory is 1 GB</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>uses ECC</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</itemizedlist>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>AS800: Uses 60ns 3.3 Volts EDO DIMMs</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</itemizedlist>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>embedded VGA (on some mainboard models)</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>3 PCI, 2 EISA, 1 64-bit PCI/EISA combo (AS800)</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>7 PCI, 2 EISA (AS1000A)</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>2 PCI, 1 EISA/PCI, 7 EISA (AS1000)</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>embedded SCSI based on Symbios 810 [AS1000] or
|
|
Qlogic 1020 [AS1000A]</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</itemizedlist>
|
|
|
|
<para>AS1000 based machines come in multiple enclosure types. Floor
|
|
standing, rack-mount, with or without StorageWorks SCSI chassis etc.
|
|
The electronics are the same.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>AS1000-systems: All EV4 based machines use standard PS/2 style
|
|
36 bit 72pin SIMMs in sets of 5. The fifth SIMM is used for ECC.
|
|
All EV5 based machines use standard PS/2 style 36 bit 72pin SIMMs in sets
|
|
of 4. The ECC is done based on the 4 extra bits per SIMM
|
|
(4 bits out of 36). The EV5 mainboards have 16 SIMM slots,
|
|
the EV4 mainboards have 20 slots.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para> AS800 machines use DIMMs in sets of 4. DIMM installation must
|
|
start in slots marked bank 0. A bank is four physically adjacent slots.
|
|
The biggest size DIMMs must be installed in bank 0 in case 2 banks
|
|
of different DIMM sizes are used. Max memory size is 2GB. Note
|
|
that these are EDO DIMMs.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>The AS1000/800 are somewhat stubborn when it comes to serial
|
|
consoles. They need</para>
|
|
<screen>>>> <userinput>SET CONSOLE SERIAL</userinput></screen>
|
|
<para>before they go for
|
|
a serial console. Pulling the keyboard from the machine is not sufficient,
|
|
like it is on most other Alpha models. Going back to a graphical console
|
|
needs</para>
|
|
<screen>>>> <userinput>SET CONSOLE GRAPHICS</userinput></screen>
|
|
<para>at the serial console.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>For AS800 you want to check if your Ultra-Wide SCSI is indeed
|
|
in Ultra mode. This can be done using the
|
|
<filename>EEROMCFG.EXE</filename> utility that is
|
|
on the Console Firmware Upgrade CDROM.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>For the AlphaServer1000/1000A/800 machines the kernel config
|
|
file must contain:</para>
|
|
|
|
<programlisting>options DEC_1000A
|
|
cpu EV4 # depends on the CPU model installed
|
|
cpu EV5 # depends on the CPU model installed</programlisting>
|
|
|
|
</sect3>
|
|
|
|
<sect3>
|
|
<title>DS10/VS10/XP900 (<quote>Webbrick</quote>) / XP1000
|
|
(<quote>Monet</quote>) / DS10L (<quote>Slate</quote>)</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>Webbrick and Monet are high performance workstations/servers
|
|
based on the EV6 CPU and the Tsunami chipset. Tsunami is also used in
|
|
much higher-end systems and as such has plenty of performance to offer.
|
|
DS10, VS10 and XP900 are different names for essentially the same system.
|
|
The differences are the software and options that are supported. DS10L
|
|
is a DS10 based machine in a 1U high rackmount enclosure. DS10L is
|
|
intended for ISPs and for HPTC clusters (e.g. Beowulf)</para>
|
|
|
|
<sect4>
|
|
<title><quote>Webbrick / Slate</quote></title>
|
|
|
|
<itemizedlist>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>21264 EV6 CPU at 466 MHz</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>L2 / Bcache: 2MB, ECC protected</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>memory bus: 128 bit via crossbar, 1.3GB/sec memory
|
|
bandwidth</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>memory:</para>
|
|
<itemizedlist>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>industry standard 200 pin 83 MHz buffered
|
|
ECC SDRAM DIMMs</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>4 DIMM slots for DS10; 2GB max memory</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>2 DIMM slots for DS10L; 1GB max memory</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>DIMMs are installed in pairs of 2</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</itemizedlist>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>21271 Core Logic chipset (<quote>Tsunami</quote>)</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>2 on-board 21143 Fast Ethernet controllers</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>AcerLabs M5237 (Aladdin-V) USB controller (disabled)</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>AcerLabs M1533 PCI-ISA bridge</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>AcerLabs Aladdin ATA-33 controller </para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>embedded dual EIDE </para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>expansion: 3 64-bit PCI slots and 1 32-bit PCI slot.
|
|
DS10L has a single 64bit PCI slot</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>2 16550A serial ports</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>1 parallel port</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>2 USB</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>PS/2 keyboard & mouse port</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</itemizedlist>
|
|
|
|
<para>The system has a smart power controller. This means that parts
|
|
of the system remain powered when it is switched off (like an ATX-style
|
|
PC power supply). Before servicing the machine remove the
|
|
power cord.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>The smart power controller is called the RMC. When enabled,
|
|
typing <keycap>Escape</keycap><keycap>Escape</keycap>RMC on serial port 1
|
|
will bring you to the RMC prompt. RMC allows you to powerup or powerdown,
|
|
reset the machine, monitor and set temperature trip levels etc. RMC
|
|
has its own builtin help.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>Webbrick is shipped in a desktop-style case similar to the older
|
|
21164 <quote>Maverick</quote> workstations but this case
|
|
offers much better access
|
|
to the components. If you intend to build a farm you can rackmount them
|
|
in a 19-inch rack; they are 3U high. Slate is 1U high but has only
|
|
one PCI slot.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>DS10 has 4 DIMM slots. DIMMs are installed as pairs. Please note
|
|
that DIMM pairs are not installed in adjacent DIMM sockets but rather
|
|
physically interleaved. DIMM sizes of 32, 64, 128, 256 and 512 Mbytes
|
|
are supported.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>When 2 pairs of identical-sized DIMMs are installed DS10 will
|
|
use memory interleaving for increased performance. DS10L, which has
|
|
only 2 DIMM slots cannot do interleaving.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>Starting with SRM firmware version 5.9 you can boot from
|
|
Adaptec 2940-series adapters in addition to the usual set of Qlogic
|
|
and Symbios/NCR adapters. KZPEA aka Adaptec 39160 gives you dual
|
|
channel LVD U160 SCSI which is bootable from SRM.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>The base model comes with a FUJITSU 9.5GB ATA disk as its boot
|
|
device. &os; works just fine using EIDE disks on Webbrick. DS10 has
|
|
2 IDE interfaces on the mainboard. Machines destined for Tru64 Unix or
|
|
VMS are standard equipped with Qlogic-driven Ultra-SCSI disks</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>On the PCI bus 32 and 64 bit cards are supported, in 3.3V and
|
|
5V variants.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>The USB ports are not supported and are disabled by the
|
|
SRM console in all recent SRM versions.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>The kernel config file must contain:</para>
|
|
<programlisting>options DEC_ST6600
|
|
cpu EV5</programlisting>
|
|
|
|
<note><para>Contrary to expectation there is no <literal>cpu EV6</literal>
|
|
defined for inclusion in the kernel config file.
|
|
The <literal>cpu EV5</literal> is mandatory to keep &man.config.8;
|
|
happy.</para></note>
|
|
</sect4>
|
|
|
|
<sect4>
|
|
<title><quote>Monet</quote></title>
|
|
|
|
<itemizedlist>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>21264 EV6 at 500 MHz
|
|
21264 EV67 at 500 or 667 MHz (XP1000G, codenamed Brisbane)
|
|
CPU is mounted on a daughter-card which is field-upgradable</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>L2 / Bcache: 4MB, ECC protected</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>memory bus: 256 bit</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>memory: 128 or 256 Mbytes 100 MHz (PC100) 168 pin
|
|
JEDEC standard, registered ECC SDRAM DIMMs</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>21271 core logic chip set (<quote>Tsunami</quote>)</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>1 on-board 21143 Ethernet controller</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Cypress 82C693 USB controller</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Cypress 82C693 PCI-ISA bridge</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Cypress 82C693 controller</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>expansion: 2 independent PCI buses, driven by high-speed I/O
|
|
channels called <quote>hoses</quote>:</para>
|
|
<itemizedlist>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>hose 0: (the upper 3 slots)
|
|
2 64-bit PCI slots
|
|
1 32-bit PCI slot
|
|
</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>hose 1: (the bottom 2 slots)
|
|
2 32-bit PCI slots (behind a 21154 PCI-PCI bridge)
|
|
</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>2 of the 64-bit PCI slots are for
|
|
full-length cards</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>all of the 32-bit PCI slots are for short cards</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>1 of the 32-bit PCI slots is physically shared
|
|
with an ISA slot</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>all PCI slots run at 33MHz</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</itemizedlist>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>1 Ultra-Wide SCSI port based on a Qlogic 1040 chip</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>2 16550A serial port</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>1 parallel port</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>PS/2 keyboard & mouse port</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>embedded 16-bit ESS ES1888 sound chip</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>2 USB ports</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>graphics options: ELSA Gloria Synergy or
|
|
DEC/Compaq PowerStorm 3D accelerator cards</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</itemizedlist>
|
|
|
|
<para>Monet is housed in a mini-tower like enclosure quite similar
|
|
to the Miata box.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>The on-board Qlogic UW-SCSI chip supports up to 4 internal
|
|
devices. There is no external connector for the on-board SCSI.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>For 500 MHz CPUs 83 MHz DIMMs will do. Compaq specifies PC100
|
|
DIMMs for all CPU speeds. DIMMs are installed in sets of 4, starting
|
|
with the DIMM slots marked <quote>0</quote> Memory capacity is max 4 GB.
|
|
DIMMs are installed <quote>physically interleaved</quote>, note the
|
|
markings of the
|
|
slots. Memory bandwidth of Monet is twice that of Webbrick. The DIMMs
|
|
live on the CPU daughter-card. Note that the system uses ECC RAM so you
|
|
need DIMMs with 72 bits (not the generic PC-class 64 bit DIMMs)</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>The EIDE interface is usable / SRM bootable so &os; can be rooted
|
|
on an EIDE disk. Although the Cypress chip has potential for 2
|
|
EIDE channels Monet uses only one of them.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>The USB interface is supported by &os;.If you experience
|
|
problems trying to use the USB interface please check if
|
|
the SRM variable <varname>usb_enable</varname> is set to
|
|
<literal>on</literal>. You can change this by
|
|
performing:</para>
|
|
<screen><prompt>>>></prompt> <userinput>SET USB_ENABLE ON</userinput></screen>
|
|
|
|
<important><para>Don"t try to use Symbios-chip based SCSI
|
|
adapters in the PCI slots connected to hose 1. There is a
|
|
not-yet-found &os; bug that prevents this from working
|
|
correctly.</para></important>
|
|
|
|
<important><para>Not all VGA cards will work behind the PCI-PCI
|
|
bridge (so in slots 4 and 5). Only cards that implement
|
|
VGA-legacy addressing
|
|
correctly will work. Workaround is to put the VGA card
|
|
<quote>before</quote> the bridge.</para></important>
|
|
|
|
<para>The sound chip is not currently supported with &os;. </para>
|
|
|
|
<para>The kernel config file must contain:</para>
|
|
<programlisting>options DEC_ST6600
|
|
cpu EV5</programlisting>
|
|
|
|
<note><para>Contrary to expectation there is no
|
|
<literal>cpu EV6</literal> defined for inclusion in the kernel
|
|
config file. The <literal>cpu EV5</literal> is mandatory to
|
|
keep &man.config.8; happy.</para></note>
|
|
|
|
</sect4>
|
|
</sect3>
|
|
|
|
<sect3>
|
|
<title>DS20/DS20E (<quote>Goldrush</quote>)</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>Features:</para>
|
|
<itemizedlist>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>21264 EV6 CPU at 500 or 670 MHz</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>dual CPU capable machine</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>L2 / Bcache: 4 Mbytes per CPU</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>memory bus: dual 256 bit wide with crossbar switch</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>memory:</para>
|
|
<itemizedlist>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>SDRAM DIMMs</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>installed in sets of 4</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>16 DIMM slots, max. 4GB</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>uses ECC</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</itemizedlist>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>21271 core logic chip set (<quote>Tsunami</quote>)</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>embedded Adaptec ? Wide Ultra SCSI</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>expansion:</para>
|
|
<itemizedlist>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>2 independent PCI buses, driven
|
|
by high-speed I/O channels called <quote>hoses</quote></para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>6 64-bit PCI slots, 3 per hose</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>1 ISA slot</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</itemizedlist>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</itemizedlist>
|
|
|
|
<para>DS20 needs</para>
|
|
<screen><prompt>>>></prompt> <userinput>SET CONSOLE SERIAL</userinput></screen>
|
|
<para>before it goes for a serial console. Pulling the keyboard from
|
|
the machine is not sufficient. Going back to a graphical console
|
|
needs</para>
|
|
<screen><prompt>>>></prompt> <userinput>SET CONSOLE GRAPHICS</userinput></screen>
|
|
<para>at the serial console.
|
|
Confusing is the fact that you will get SRM console
|
|
output on the graphics console with the console set to serial,
|
|
but when &os; boots it honors the <literal>CONSOLE</literal>
|
|
variable setting and all the boot messages as well as the login
|
|
prompt will go to the serial port.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>The DS20 is housed in a fat cube-like enclosure. The
|
|
enclosure also contains a StorageWorks SCSI hot-swap shelf for a
|
|
maximum of seven 3.5" SCSI devices. The DS20E is in a sleeker
|
|
case, and lacks the StorageWorks shelf.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>The system has a smart power controller. This means that parts
|
|
of the system remain powered when it is switched off (like an ATX-style
|
|
PC power supply). Before servicing the machine remove the
|
|
power cord(s).</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>The smart power controller is called the RMC. When enabled,
|
|
typing <keycap>Escape</keycap><keycap>Escape</keycap>RMC on serial port 1
|
|
will bring you to the RMC prompt. RMC allows you to powerup or powerdown,
|
|
reset the machine, monitor and set temperature trip levels etc. RMC
|
|
has its own builtin help.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>The embedded Adaptec SCSI chip on the DS20 is disabled and
|
|
is therefore not usable under &os;.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>Starting with SRM firmware version 5.9 you can boot from
|
|
Adaptec 2940-series adapters in addition to the usual set of
|
|
Qlogic and Symbios/NCR adapters. This unfortunately does not
|
|
include the embedded Adaptec SCSI chips. You can use a KZPEA
|
|
aka Adaptec 39160 for dual channel LVD U160 SCSI, which is
|
|
bootable from SRM.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>If you are using banks of DIMMs of different sizes the
|
|
biggest DIMMs should be installed in the DIMM slots marked
|
|
<literal>0</literal> on the mainboard. The DIMM slots should be
|
|
filled <quote>in order</quote> so after bank 0 install in bank 1
|
|
and so on.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>Don't try to use Symbios-chip based SCSI adapters in the
|
|
PCI slots connected to hose 1. There is a not-yet-found &os; bug
|
|
that prevents this from working correctly. DS20 ships by default
|
|
with a Symbios on hose 1 so you have to move this card before
|
|
you can install/boot &os; on it.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>The kernel config file must contain:</para>
|
|
<programlisting>options DEC_ST6600
|
|
cpu EV5</programlisting>
|
|
|
|
<note><para>Contrary to expectation there is no <literal>cpu EV6</literal>
|
|
defined for inclusion in the kernel config file.
|
|
The <literal>cpu EV5</literal> is mandatory to keep &man.config.8;
|
|
happy.</para></note>
|
|
</sect3>
|
|
|
|
<sect3>
|
|
<title>AlphaPC 264DP / UP2000</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>UP2000 was built by Alpha Processor Inc.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>Features:</para>
|
|
<itemizedlist>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>21264 EV6 CPU at 670 or 750 MHz</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>dual CPU capable</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>L2 / Bcache: 4 Mbytes per CPU</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>memory bus: 256 bit</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>memory: SDRAM DIMMs installed in sets of 4, uses
|
|
ECC, 16 DIMM slots, max. 4GB</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>21272 core logic chip set (<quote>Tsunami</quote>)</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>2 embedded Adaptec AIC7890/91 Wide Ultra2 SCSI chips</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>2 embedded IDE based on Cypress 82C693 chips</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>embedded USB via Cypress 82C693</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>expansion:</para>
|
|
<itemizedlist>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>2 independent PCI buses, driven
|
|
by high-speed I/O channels called <quote>hoses</quote></para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>6 64-bit PCI slots, 3 per hose</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>1 ISA slot</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</itemizedlist>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</itemizedlist>
|
|
|
|
<para>Currently a maximum of 2GB memory is supported by &os;.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>The on-board Adaptec SCSI HBAs are bootable on UP2000.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>Busmaster DMA is supported on the first IDE interface
|
|
only. The system can boot from it's IDE hard drives and cdrom
|
|
drives.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>The kernel config file must contain:</para>
|
|
<programlisting>options DEC_ST6600
|
|
cpu EV5</programlisting>
|
|
|
|
<note><para>Contrary to expectation there is no <literal>cpu
|
|
EV6</literal> defined for inclusion in the kernel config
|
|
file. The <literal>cpu EV5</literal> is mandatory to keep
|
|
&man.config.8; happy.</para></note>
|
|
</sect3>
|
|
|
|
<sect3>
|
|
<title>AlphaServer 2000 (<quote>DemiSable</quote>), 2100
|
|
(<quote>Sable</quote>), 2100A (<quote>Lynx</quote>)</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>The AlphaServer 2[01]00 machines are intended as departmental
|
|
servers. This is medium iron. They are multi-CPU machines, up to 2
|
|
CPUs (AS2000) or 4 CPUs (2100[A]) can be installed. Both floor-standing
|
|
and 19" rackmount boxes exist. Rackmount variations have
|
|
different numbers of I/O expansion slots, different max number
|
|
of CPUs and different maximum memory size. Some of the boxes come
|
|
with an integral StorageWorks shelf to house hot-swap SCSI disks.
|
|
There was an upgrade program available to convert your Sable
|
|
machine into a Lynx by swapping the I/O backplane (the C-bus
|
|
backplane remains). CPU upgrades were available as well.</para>
|
|
|
|
<itemizedlist>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>21064 EV4[5] CPU[s] at 200, 233, 275 MHz or
|
|
21164 EV5[6] CPU[s]s at 250, 300, 375, 400 MHz</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>cache: varies in size with the CPU model; 1, 4 or
|
|
8Mbyte per CPU</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>embedded floppy controller driving a 2.88 Mbytes drive</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>embedded 10Mbit 21040 Ethernet [AS2100 only]</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>2 serial ports</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>1 parallel port</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>PS/2 style keyboard & mouse port</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</itemizedlist>
|
|
|
|
<para>The CPUs spec-ed as 200 MHz are in reality running at
|
|
190 MHz. Maximum number of CPUs is 4. All CPUs must be of the
|
|
same type/speed.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>If any of the processors are ever marked as failed, they will
|
|
remain marked as failed even after they have been replaced (or reseated)
|
|
until you issue the command</para>
|
|
|
|
<screen><prompt>>>></prompt> <userinput>CLEAR_ERROR ALL</userinput></screen>
|
|
|
|
<para>on the SRM console and power-cycle the machine. This may be true
|
|
for other modules (IO and memory) as well, but it has not been verified.
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>The machines use dedicated memory boards. These boards live on
|
|
a 128 bit C-bus shared with the CPU boards. DemiSable supports up
|
|
to 1GB, Sable up to 2GB. One of the memory bus slots can either
|
|
hold a CPU or a memory card. A 4 CPU machine can have a maximum of
|
|
2 memory boards.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>Some memory board models house SIMMs. These are called SIMM
|
|
carriers. There are also memory modules that have soldered-on memory
|
|
chips instead of SIMMs. These are called <quote>flat memory
|
|
modules</quote>.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>SIMM boards are used in sets of eight 72-pin 36 bit FPM
|
|
memory of 70ns or faster. SIMM types supported are 1M x36 bit
|
|
(4 Mbyte), 2M x36bit (8 Mbyte) and 4M x36 bit (16 Mbyte).
|
|
Each memory board can house
|
|
4 banks of SIMMs. SIMM sizes can not be mixed on a single memory
|
|
board. The first memory module must be filled with SIMMs before
|
|
starting to fill the next memory module. Note that the spacing
|
|
between the slots is not that big, so make sure your SIMMs fit
|
|
physically (before buying them..)</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>Both Lynx and Sable are somewhat stubborn when it comes to serial
|
|
consoles. They need</para>
|
|
<screen><prompt>>>></prompt> <userinput> SET CONSOLE SERIAL</userinput></screen>
|
|
<para>before they go for a serial console.
|
|
Pulling the keyboard from the machine is not sufficient, like it is
|
|
on many other Alpha models. Going back to a graphical console needs</para>
|
|
<screen><prompt>>>></prompt> <userinput>SET CONSOLE GRAPHICS</userinput></screen>
|
|
<para>at the serial console. On Lynx keep the VGA card in
|
|
one of the primary PCI slots. EISA VGA cards are not slot sensitive.
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>The machines are equipped with a small OCP
|
|
(Operator Control Panel) LCD screen. On this screen the self-test
|
|
messages are displayed during system initialization. You can put
|
|
your own little text there by using the SRM:</para>
|
|
<screen><prompt>>>></prompt> <userinput>SET OCP_TEXT "FreeBSD"
|
|
</userinput></screen>
|
|
|
|
<para>The SRM</para>
|
|
<screen><prompt>>>></prompt> <userinput>SHOW FRU</userinput></screen>
|
|
<para>command produces an overview of your configuration
|
|
with module serial numbers, hardware revisions and error log counts.
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>Both Sable, DemiSable and Lynx have Symbios 810 based
|
|
Fast SCSI on-board. Check if it is set to Fast SCSI speed
|
|
by</para>
|
|
<screen><prompt>>>></prompt> <userinput>SHOW PKA0_FAST</userinput></screen>
|
|
<para>When set to 1 it is negotiating for Fast speeds.</para>
|
|
<screen><prompt>>>></prompt> <userinput>SET PKA0_FAST 1</userinput></screen>
|
|
<para>enables Fast SCSI speeds.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>AS2100[A] come equipped with a StorageWorks 7 slot SCSI
|
|
cage. A second cage can be added inside the cabinet. AS2000
|
|
has a single 7 slot SCSI cage, which cannot be expanded with
|
|
an additional one. Note that the slot locations in these cages
|
|
map differently to SCSI IDs compared to the standard StorageWorks
|
|
shelves. Slot IDs from top to bottom are 0, 4, 1, 5, 2, 6, 3
|
|
when using a single bus configuration.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>The cage can also be set to provide two independent SCSI
|
|
buses. This is used for embedded RAID controllers like the
|
|
KZPSC (Mylex DAC960). Slot ID assignments for split bus are,
|
|
from top to bottom: 0A, 0B, 1A, 1B, 2A, 2B, 3A, 3B.
|
|
Where A and B signify a SCSI bus. In a single bus configuration the
|
|
terminator module on the back of the SCSI cage is on the TOP. The jumper
|
|
module is on the BOTTOM. For split bus operation these two modules are
|
|
reversed. The terminator can be distinguished from the jumper
|
|
by noting the chips on the terminator. The jumper does not have
|
|
any active components on it.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>DemiSable has 7 EISA slots and 3 PCI slots. Sable has
|
|
8 EISA and 3 PCI slots. Lynx, being newer, has 8 PCI
|
|
and 3 EISA slots. The Lynx PCI slots are grouped in
|
|
sets of 4. The 4 PCI slots closest to the CPU/memory
|
|
slots are the primary slots, so logically before the PCI bridge chip.
|
|
Note that contrary to expectation the primary PCI slots are the highest
|
|
numbered ones (PCI4 - PCI7).</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>Make sure you run the EISA Configuration Utility (from floppy)
|
|
when adding/change expansion cards in EISA slots or after
|
|
upgrading your console firmware. This is done by inserting the
|
|
ECU floppy and typing</para>
|
|
<screen><prompt>>>></prompt> <userinput>RUNECU</userinput></screen>
|
|
|
|
<note><para>EISA slots are currently unsupported, but the Compaq Qvision
|
|
EISA VGA adapter is treated as an ISA device. It therefore
|
|
works OK as a console.</para></note>
|
|
|
|
<para>A special Extended I/O module for use on the C-bus was
|
|
planned-for. If they ever saw daylight is unknown. In any case
|
|
&os; has never been verified with an ExtIO module.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>The machines can be equipped with redundant power supplies. Note
|
|
that the enclosure is equipped with interlock switches that switch
|
|
off power when the enclosure is opened. The system's cooling
|
|
fans are speed controlled. When the machine has more than 2
|
|
CPUs and more than 1 memory board dual power supplies
|
|
are mandatory.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>The kernel config file must contain:</para>
|
|
|
|
<programlisting>options DEC_2100_A500
|
|
cpu EV4 #dependent on CPU model installed
|
|
cpu EV5 #dependent on CPU model installed</programlisting>
|
|
|
|
</sect3>
|
|
|
|
<sect3>
|
|
<title>AlphaServer 4x00 (<quote>Rawhide</quote>)</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>The AlphaServer 4x00 machines are intended as small enterprise
|
|
servers. Expect a 30" high pedestal cabinet or alternatively
|
|
the same system box in a 19" rack. Rawhides are multi-CPU machines,
|
|
up to 4 CPUs can be in a single machine. Basic disk storage is housed in
|
|
one or two StorageWorks shelves at the bottom of the pedestal. The
|
|
Rawhides intended for the NT market are designated DIGITAL
|
|
Server 7300 (5/400 CPU), DIGITAL Server 7305 (5/533 CPU). A
|
|
trailing R on the part-number means a rackmount variant.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>Features:</para>
|
|
<itemizedlist>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>21164 EV5 CPUs at 266, 300, 333 MHz or 21164A EV56
|
|
CPUs at 400, 466, 533, 600 Mhz</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>cache: 4 Mbytes per CPU. EV5 300 MHz was also
|
|
available cache-less. 8 Mbytes for EV56 600Mhz</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>memory bus: 128 bit with ECC</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>embedded floppy controller</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>2 serial ports</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>1 parallel port</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>PS/2 style keyboard & mouse port</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</itemizedlist>
|
|
|
|
<para>Rawhide can be equipped with a variety of CPU modules. CPU
|
|
modules exist in versions with and without external cache. In all
|
|
cases the CPU modules installed always must be of the same speed. A mix
|
|
of NT-only and full-blown Tru64/VMS CPUs works fine. It will however
|
|
result in the system reporting itself to the operating system
|
|
as a Digital Server 730x (so the NT-only variant). &os; does not care,
|
|
but such a system will not allow Tru64 or VMS to run.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>Rawhide uses a maximum of 8 RAM modules. These modules are used
|
|
in pairs and supply 72 bits to the bus (this includes ECC bits).
|
|
Memory can be EDO RAM or synchronous DRAM. A fully populated AS4100
|
|
has 4 pairs of memory modules. The AS4000 model is limited to 2 pairs
|
|
of memory modules. Given the choice use SDRAM for
|
|
best performance. The highest capacity memory boards must be in the
|
|
memory slots marked MEM0L and MEM0H. A mix of memory board
|
|
sizes is allowed. A mix of EDO and SDRAM works as well (assuming you don't
|
|
try to mix EDO and SDRAM in a single module pair). A mix of EDO and SDRAM
|
|
results in the <emphasis>entire</emphasis> memory subsystem running at
|
|
the slower EDO timing.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>Rawhide has an embedded Symbios 810 chip that gives you a
|
|
narrow fast-SCSI bus. Generally only the SCSI CDROM is driven by
|
|
this interface.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>Rawhides are available with a 8 64-bit PCI / 3 EISA
|
|
slot expansion backplanes (called <quote>Saddle</quote> modules). There
|
|
are 2 separate PCI buses, PCI0 and PCI1. PCI0 has 1 dedicated
|
|
PCI slot and (shared) 3 PCI/EISA slots. PCI0 also has a
|
|
PCI/EISA bridge that drives things like the serial and
|
|
parallel ports, keyboard/mouse etc. PCI1 has 4 PCI slots
|
|
and a Symbios 810 SCSI chip. VGA console cards must be installed
|
|
in a slot connected to PCI0.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>The current &os; implementation has problems in handling
|
|
PCI bridges. There is currently a limited fix in place which allows
|
|
for single level, single device PCI bridges. The fix allows the use of
|
|
the Digital supplied Qlogic SCSI card which sits behind
|
|
a 21054 PCI bridge chip.</para>
|
|
|
|
<note><para>EISA slots are currently unsupported, but the Compaq Qvision
|
|
EISA VGA adapter is treated as an ISA device. It therefore works
|
|
as a console. In case you use EISA options in your machine you
|
|
must run the EISA Configuration Utility (ECU) from floppy. Do yourself
|
|
a favor and use the Tru64/OpenVMS ECU, and not the WindowsNT ECU.
|
|
</para></note>
|
|
|
|
<para>Rawhide employs an I2C based power controller system. If
|
|
you want to be sure all power is removed from the system remove all
|
|
mains cables from the system.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>Rawhide comes with RCM functionality, which means you can
|
|
power it on/off remotely, reset it etc. See also the description for
|
|
the RMC in the DS10 section of this document. RCM versus RMC is not a typo,
|
|
the various documentation I consulted used both acronyms
|
|
interchangably. Note that if you want remote power on/off to function
|
|
you need to connect a small DC adapter to the machine in order to have
|
|
the RCM logic powered. You need to supply 9-12V DC to the small inlet
|
|
located next to the keyboard connector.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>The kernel config file must contain:</para>
|
|
<programlisting>options DEC_KN300
|
|
cpu EV5</programlisting>
|
|
|
|
</sect3>
|
|
|
|
<sect3>
|
|
<title>AlphaServer 1200 (<quote>Tincup</quote>) and AlphaStation
|
|
1200 (<quote>DaVinci</quote>)</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>The AlphaServer 1200 machine is the successor to the
|
|
AlphaServer 1000A. It uses the same enclosure the 1000A uses,
|
|
but the logic is based on the AlphaServer 4000 design. These
|
|
are multi-CPU machines, up to 2 CPUs can be in a single machine.
|
|
Basic disk storage is housed in a StorageWorks shelves
|
|
The AS1200 intended for the NT market were designated DIGITAL
|
|
Server 5300 (5/400 CPU) and DIGITAL Server 5305 (5/533 CPU).</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>Features:</para>
|
|
<itemizedlist>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>21164A EV56 CPUs at 400 or 533 Mhz</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>cache: 4 Mbytes per CPU</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>memory bus: 128 bit with ECC, DIMM memory on two
|
|
memory daughter boards</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>embedded floppy controller</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>2 serial ports</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>1 parallel port</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>PS/2 style keyboard & mouse port</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</itemizedlist>
|
|
|
|
<para>AS1200 uses 2 memory daughter cards. On each of these cards
|
|
are 8 DIMM slots. DIMMs must be installed in pairs. The maximum
|
|
memory size is 4 GBytes. Slots must be filled in order and slot
|
|
0 must contain the largest size DIMM if different sized DIMMs are
|
|
used. AS1200 employs fixed starting addresses for DIMMs, each
|
|
DIMM pair starts at a 512 Mbyte boundary. This means that if
|
|
DIMMs smaller than 256 Mbyte are used the system's physical memory
|
|
map will contain <quote>holes</quote>. Supported DIMM sizes are 64 Mbytes
|
|
and 256 Mbytes. The DIMMs are 72 bit SDRAM based, as the
|
|
system employs ECC.</para>
|
|
|
|
<note><para>&os; currently supports up to 2GBytes</para></note>
|
|
|
|
<para>AS1200 has an embedded Symbios 810 drive Fast SCSI bus.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>Tincup has 5 64-bit PCI slots, one 1 32-bit PCI slot and one
|
|
EISA slot (which is physically shared with one of the 64-bit PCI slots).
|
|
There are 2 separate PCI buses, PCI0 and PCI1. PCI0 has the 32-bit PCI
|
|
slot and the 2 top-most 64-bit PCI slots. PCI0 also has an Intel 82375EB
|
|
PCI/EISA bridge that drives things like the serial and parallel ports,
|
|
keyboard/mouse etc. PCI1 has 4 64-bit PCI slots and a Symbios 810
|
|
SCSI chip. VGA console cards must be installed in a slot
|
|
connected to PCI0.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>The system employs an I2C based power controller system.
|
|
If you want to be sure all power is removed from the system remove
|
|
the mains cables from the system. Tincup uses dual power supplies
|
|
in load-sharing mode and not as a redundancy pair.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>The kernel config file must contain:</para>
|
|
<programlisting>options DEC_KN300
|
|
cpu EV5</programlisting>
|
|
</sect3>
|
|
|
|
<sect3>
|
|
<title>Alpha Processor Inc. UP1000</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>The UP1000 is an ATX mainboard based on the 21264a
|
|
CPU which itself lives in a Slot B module. It is normally housed
|
|
in an ATX tower enclosure.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>Features:</para>
|
|
<itemizedlist>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>21264a Alpha CPU at 600 or 700 MHz in a Slot B
|
|
module (includes cooling fans)</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>memory bus: 128 bits to the L2 cache,
|
|
64 bits from Slot B to the AMD-751</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>on-board Bcache / L2 cache: 2MB (600Mhz) or
|
|
4MB (700Mhz)</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>AMD AMD-751 (<quote>Irongate</quote>)
|
|
system controller chip</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Acer Labs M1543C PCI-ISA bridge controller /
|
|
super-IO chip</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>PS/2 mouse & keyboard port</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>memory: 168-pin PC100 unbuffered SDRAM DIMMS, 3 DIMM slots
|
|
DIMM sizes supported are 64, 128 or 256 Mb in size</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>2 16550A serial port</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>1 ECP/EPP parallel port</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>floppy interface</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>2 embedded Ultra DMA33 IDE interface</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>2 USB ports</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>expansion:</para>
|
|
<itemizedlist>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>4 32 bit PCI slots</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>2 ISA slots</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>1 AGP slot</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</itemizedlist>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</itemizedlist>
|
|
|
|
<para>Slot B is a box-like enclosure that houses a
|
|
daughter-board for the CPU and cache. It has 2 small fans for
|
|
cooling. Loud fans..</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>The machine needs ECC capable DIMMs, so 72 bit ones.
|
|
This does not appear to be documented in the UP1000 docs. The
|
|
system accesses the serial EEPROM on the DIMMs via the SM bus.
|
|
Note that if only a single DIMM is used it must be installed in
|
|
slot <emphasis>2</emphasis>. This is a bit counter-intuitive.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>The UP1000 needs a 400Watt ATX power supply according
|
|
to the manufacturer. This might be a bit overly
|
|
conservative/pessimistic judging from the power consumption of
|
|
the board & cpu. But as always you will have to take your
|
|
expansion cards and peripherals into account. The M1543C chip
|
|
contains power management functionality & temperature monitoring
|
|
(via I2C / SM bus).</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>Chances are that your UP1000 comes by default with
|
|
AlphaBios only. The SRM console firmware is available from
|
|
the Alpha Processor Inc. web site. It is currently available in
|
|
a beta version which was successfully used during the port of &os;
|
|
to the UP1000. </para>
|
|
|
|
<para>The embedded Ultra DMA EIDE ports are bootable by the
|
|
SRM console.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>UP1000 SRM can boot off an Adaptec 294x adapter. Under high
|
|
I/O load conditions machine lockups have been observed using
|
|
the Adaptec 294x. A Symbios 875 based card works just fine,
|
|
using the sym driver. Most likely other cards based on the Symbios
|
|
chips that the sym driver supports will work as well.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>The USB interfaces are disabled by the SRM console and
|
|
have not (yet) been tested with &os;.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>For the UP1000 the kernel config file must contain:</para>
|
|
<programlisting>options API_UP1000 # UP1000, UP1100 (Nautilus)
|
|
cpu EV5</programlisting>
|
|
|
|
</sect3>
|
|
|
|
<sect3>
|
|
<title>Alpha Processor Inc. UP1100</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>The UP1100 is an ATX mainboard based on the 21264a CPU running
|
|
at 600 MHz. It is normally housed in an ATX tower enclosure.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>Features:</para>
|
|
<itemizedlist>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>21264a Alpha EV6 CPU at 600 or 700 MHz</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>memory bus: 100MHz 64-bit (PC-100 SDRAM), 800 MB/s memory
|
|
bandwidth</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>on-board Bcache / L2 cache: 2Mb</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>AMD AMD-751 (<quote>Irongate</quote>) system controller
|
|
chip</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Acer Labs M1535D PCI-ISA bridge controller /
|
|
super-IO chip</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>PS/2 mouse & keyboard port</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>memory: 168-pin PC100 unbuffered SDRAM DIMMS, 3 DIMM slots
|
|
DIMM sizes supported are 64, 128 or 256 Mb in size</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>2 16550A serial port</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>1 ECP/EPP parallel port</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>floppy interface</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>2 embedded Ultra DMA66 IDE interface</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>2 USB port</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>expansion: 3 32 bit PCI slots and 1 AGP2x slot</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</itemizedlist>
|
|
|
|
<para>SRM console code comes standard with the UP1100. The SRM lives
|
|
in 2Mbytes of flash ROM.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>The machine needs ECC capable DIMMs, so 72 bit ones.
|
|
This does not appear to be documented in the UP1100 docs. The
|
|
system accesses the serial EEPROM on the DIMMs via the SM bus.
|
|
Note that if only a single DIMM is used it must be installed in
|
|
slot <emphasis>2</emphasis>. This is a bit counter-intuitive.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>The UP1100 needs a 400Watt ATX power supply according to
|
|
the manufacturer. This might be a bit overly conservative/pessimistic
|
|
judging from the power consumption of the board & cpu. But as
|
|
always you will have to take your expansion cards and
|
|
peripherals into account. The M1535D chip contains power
|
|
management functionality & temperature monitoring
|
|
(via I2C / SM bus using a LM75 thermal sensor).</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>The UP1100 has an on-board 21143 10/100Mbit Ethernet
|
|
interface.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>The UP1100 is equipped with a SoundBlaster compatible audio
|
|
interface. Whether it works with &os; is as of yet unknown.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>The embedded Ultra DMA EIDE ports are bootable by
|
|
the SRM console.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>The UP1100 has 3 USB ports, 2 going external and one connected
|
|
to the AGP port.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>For the UP1100 the kernel config file must contain:</para>
|
|
<programlisting>options API_UP1000 # UP1000, UP1100 (Nautilus)
|
|
cpu EV5</programlisting>
|
|
|
|
<para>Contrary to expectation there is no <literal>cpu
|
|
EV6</literal> defined for inclusion in the kernel config
|
|
file. The <literal>cpu EV5</literal> is mandatory to keep
|
|
&man.config.8; happy.</para>
|
|
|
|
</sect3>
|
|
|
|
<sect3>
|
|
<title>Alpha Processor Inc. CS20, Compaq DS20L</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>The CS20 is a 19", 1U high rackmount server based
|
|
on the 21264[ab] CPU. It can have a maximum of 2 CPUs. Compaq
|
|
sells the CS20 rebranded as the AlphaServer DS20L. DS20L has
|
|
833MHz CPUs.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>Features:</para>
|
|
<itemizedlist>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>21264a Alpha CPU at 667 MHz or 21264b 833 MHz
|
|
(max. 2 CPUs)</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>memory bus: 100MHz 256-bit wide</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>21271 Core Logic chipset (<quote>Tsunami</quote>)</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Acer Labs M1533 PCI-ISA bridge controller / super-IO chip
|
|
</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>PS/2 mouse & keyboard port</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>memory: 168-pin PC100 PLL buffered/registered SDRAM DIMMS,
|
|
8 DIMM slots, uses ECC memory, min 256 Mbytes /
|
|
max 2 GBytes of memory</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>2 16550A serial port</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>1 ECP/EPP parallel port</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>ALI M1543C Ultra DMA66 IDE interface</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>embedded dual Intel 82559 10/100Mbit Ethernet</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>embedded Symbios 53C1000 Ultra160 SCSI controller</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>expansion: 2 64 bit PCI slots (2/3 length)</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</itemizedlist>
|
|
|
|
<para>SRM console code comes standard with the CS20. The SRM
|
|
lives in 2Mbytes of flash ROM.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>The CS20 needs ECC capable DIMMs. Note that it
|
|
uses <emphasis>buffered</emphasis> DIMMs.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>The CS20 has an I2C based internal monitoring system for things
|
|
like temperature, fans, voltages etc. The I2C also supports
|
|
<quote>wake on LAN</quote>.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>Each PCI slot is connected to its own independent PCI bus
|
|
on the Tsunami.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>The embedded Ultra DMA EIDE ports are bootable by the
|
|
SRM console.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>The CS20 has an embedded slim-line IDE CD drive. There is
|
|
a front-accessible bay for a 1" high 3.5" SCSI hard-disk
|
|
drive with SCA connector.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>Note that there is no floppy disk drive (or a connector to
|
|
add one).</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>The kernel config file must contain:</para>
|
|
<programlisting>options DEC_ST6600
|
|
cpu EV5</programlisting>
|
|
|
|
<para>Contrary to expectation there is no <literal>cpu
|
|
EV6</literal> defined for inclusion in the kernel config
|
|
file. The <literal>cpu EV5</literal> is mandatory to keep
|
|
&man.config.8; happy.</para>
|
|
</sect3>
|
|
|
|
<sect3>
|
|
<title>Compaq AlphaServer ES40 (<quote>Clipper</quote>)</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>The ES40 is a SMP system that can have 1 - 4 21264 Alpha CPUs.
|
|
With the maximum configuration of 32GB of memory these systems are
|
|
often deployed as heavy database servers and are also found in HPTC
|
|
compute farm environments.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>Features:</para>
|
|
<itemizedlist>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>21264 Alpha CPU at 500 (EV6), 667 (EV67) or 833 MHz (EV68)
|
|
(max. 4 CPUs)</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>memory bus: 256-bit wide</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>21272 Core Logic chipset</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>PS/2 mouse & keyboard port</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>memory: 200-pin JEDEC standard SDRAM DIMMS,
|
|
max 32 GBytes of memory</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>2 16550A serial port</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>1 ECP/EPP parallel port</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>ALI M1543C Ultra DMA66 IDE interface</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>expansion: 2 64 bit PCI buses</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</itemizedlist>
|
|
|
|
<para>SRM console code comes standard with the ES40.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>ES40 comes with an ATA CDROM drive, but uses SCSI
|
|
harddisks. The usual Symbios & Qlogic adapters are bootable,
|
|
as is the KZPEA aka Adaptec 39160 dual channel LVD U160 adapter.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>Memory is divided in 4 memory arrays which each contain
|
|
a set of 4 SDRAM DIMMs. Each DIMM is 72 bit wide and of the 100MHz
|
|
speed variant. An array can contain 2 sets, so 8 DIMMs max per array.
|
|
The DIMMs live on Memory Mother Boards (MMBs). There are 2 MMB models,
|
|
with 4 and 8 DIMM sockets respectively. Each MMB provides half of the
|
|
256 bit memory bus width to the CPUs.
|
|
Given the myriad options for the memory configuration it is advisable
|
|
to check the system documentation for the optimum memory
|
|
configuration.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>Dependent on the model variation the ES40 has 6 or 10 64 bit PCI
|
|
slots. This is basically just means the same backplane with less
|
|
connectors mounted.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>ES40 has the same RMC remote power control as DS10 and DS20.
|
|
See the description of the RMC in the DS10 section of this document.
|
|
Most variations of ES40 have multiple power supplies, allowing
|
|
for N+1 redundancy. When installing CPU cards you must unplug all
|
|
power cords, the CPU cards receive standby power from the power
|
|
supplies. Maximum memory configurations need more than the default
|
|
number of powersupplies.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>The kernel config file must contain:</para>
|
|
<programlisting>options DEC_ST6600
|
|
cpu EV5</programlisting>
|
|
|
|
<para>Contrary to expectation there is no <literal>cpu
|
|
EV6</literal> defined for inclusion in the kernel config
|
|
file. The <literal>cpu EV5</literal> is mandatory to keep
|
|
&man.config.8; happy.</para>
|
|
</sect3>
|
|
|
|
</sect2>
|
|
|
|
<sect2>
|
|
<title>Supported Hardware Overview</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>A word of caution: the installed base for &os; is not
|
|
nearly as large as for &os;/Intel. This means that the enormous
|
|
variation of PCI/ISA expansion cards out there has much less
|
|
chance of having been tested on alpha than on Intel. This is not
|
|
to imply they are doomed to fail, just that the chance of running
|
|
into something never tested before is much higher.
|
|
<filename>GENERIC</filename>
|
|
contains things that are known to work on Alpha only.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>The PCI and ISA expansion busses are fully supported. Turbo
|
|
Channel is not in <filename>GENERIC</filename> and has limited
|
|
support (see the relevant machine model info). The MCA bus is not
|
|
supported. The EISA bus is not supported for use with EISA
|
|
expansion cards as the EISA support code is lacking. ISA cards in
|
|
EISA slots are reported to work. The Compaq Qvision EISA VGA card
|
|
is driven in ISA mode and works OK as a console.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>1.44 Mbyte and 1.2 Mbyte floppy drives are supported.
|
|
2.88 Mbyte drives sometimes found in Alpha machines are supported up to
|
|
1.44Mbyte.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>ATA and ATAPI (IDE) devices are supported via the &man.ata.4;
|
|
driver framework. As most people run their Alphas with SCSI disks
|
|
it is not as well tested as SCSI. Be aware of boot-ability
|
|
restrictions for IDE disks. See the machine specific information.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>There is full SCSI support via the CAM layer for Adaptec
|
|
2940x (AIC7xxx chip-based), Qlogic family and Symbios. Those of
|
|
you interested in U160 SCSI might want to take a look at an Adaptec
|
|
39160 dual channel LVD U160 adapter. Compaq calls this a KZPEA adapter.
|
|
Recent Alpha models have SRM versions that can boot from them. In general
|
|
be aware of the machine-specific boot-ability issues for the
|
|
various adapter models. Where known they are listed in the
|
|
individual machine descriptions.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>The Qlogic QL2x00 FibreChannel host adapters are fully
|
|
supported.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>If you want to boot your Alpha over the Ethernet you will
|
|
obviously need an Ethernet card that the SRM console
|
|
recognizes. This generally means you need a board with an 21x4x
|
|
Ethernet chip as that is what Digital used. These chips are driven
|
|
by the &os; &man.de.4; (older driver) or &man.dc.4; (newer
|
|
driver). Some new SRM versions are known to recognize the Intel
|
|
8255x Ethernet chips as driven by the &os; &man.fxp.4; driver. But
|
|
beware: the &man.fxp.4; driver is reported not to work correctly
|
|
with &os; (although it works excellently on &os;/x86).</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>DEC DEFPA PCI FDDI network adapters are supported on alpha.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>In general the SRM console emulates a VGA-compatibility mode
|
|
on PCI VGA cards. This is, however, not guaranteed to work by
|
|
Compaq/DEC for each and every card type out there. When the SRM
|
|
thinks the VGA is acceptable &os; will be able to use it. The
|
|
console driver works just like on a &os;/intel machine.
|
|
Please note that VESA modes are not supported on Alpha,
|
|
so that leaves you with 80x25 consoles.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>In some Alpha machines you will find video adapters based
|
|
on TGA chips. The plain TGA adapter does not emulate VGA and is
|
|
therefore not usable for a &os; console. TGA2 cards have a basic
|
|
VGA compatibility mode and work fine as &os; consoles.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>The <quote>PC standard</quote> serial ports found on most
|
|
Alphas are supported.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>ISDN (i4b) is not supported on &os;/alpha.</para>
|
|
</sect2>
|
|
|
|
<sect2>
|
|
<title>Acknowledgments</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>In compiling this file I used multiple information sources,
|
|
but <ulink url="http://www.netbsd.org/">the NetBSD Web
|
|
site</ulink> proved to be an invaluable source of information. If
|
|
it wasn't for NetBSD/alpha there probably would not be a
|
|
&os;/alpha in the first place.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>People who kindly helped me create this section:</para>
|
|
<itemizedlist>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>&a.gallatin;</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>&a.chuckr;</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>&a.mjacob;</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>&a.msmith;</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>&a.obrien;</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Christian Weisgerber</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Kazutaka YOKOTA</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Nick Maniscalco</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Eric Schnoebelen</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Peter van Dijk</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Peter Jeremy</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Dolf de Waal</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Wim Lemmers, ex-Compaq</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Wouter Brackman, Compaq</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Lodewijk van den Berg, Compaq</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</itemizedlist>
|
|
</sect2>
|
|
</sect1>
|