267 lines
11 KiB
Plaintext
267 lines
11 KiB
Plaintext
Hardware Documentation Guide: $Id$
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Table of Contents
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-----------------
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1. Using UserConfig to change FreeBSD kernel settings
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2. Default Configuration (GENERIC kernel)
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3. LINT - other possible configurations.
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4. Known Hardware Problems.
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=========================================================================
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1. Using UserConfig to change FreeBSD kernel settings
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-- --------------------------------------------------
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All the values given as ``defaults'' in this document can be
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over-ridden at system boot time by the UserConfig utility. This
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utility is invoked by specifing the `-c' flag to the kernel at the
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initial boot prompt, e.g.:
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>> FreeBSD BOOT @ 0x10000: 640/7168 k of memory
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Use hd(1,a)/kernel to boot sd0 when wd0 is also installed.
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Usage: [[wd(0,a)]/kernel][-abcCdhrsv]
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Use ? for file list or press Enter for defaults
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Boot: -c
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Will boot the system into the UserConfig utility with the standard
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kernel. If you need to specify some other parameters for your system
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to boot properly (e.g. off a secondary drive), then simply append the
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-c flag to those arguments. For example, to boot off the second of 2
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SCSI drives installed and run Userconfig you would type:
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Boot: sd(1,a)/kernel -c
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You will see the kernel build information and some information on your
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processor and how much memory you have. Then you will be presented
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with a:
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config>
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prompt. To see the list of commands available, you can type `?' and
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press [ENTER]. The current help message looks like this:
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Command Description
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------- -----------
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attach <devname> Return results of device attach
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ls List currently configured devices
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port <devname> <addr> Set device port (i/o address)
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irq <devname> <number> Set device irq
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drq <devname> <number> Set device drq (DMA Request)
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iomem <devname> <addr> Set device maddr (memory address)
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iosize <devname> <size> Set device memory size
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flags <devname> <mask> Set device flags
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enable <devname> Enable device
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probe <devname> Return results of device probe
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disable <devname> Disable device (will not be probed)
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quit Exit this configuration utility
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help This message
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Any command may be abbreviated to its most unique prefix.
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You may alter pretty much any and all settings in the FreeBSD generic
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kernel - reassigning IRQs, disabling troublesome devices, setting
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special device flags, etc. Once you are happy with a given
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configuration you may use the `exit' command to continue with the
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normal kernel boot sequence, albeit with the new settings.
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Once you have a fully installed system (e.g. the filesystems have been
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partitioned and the bin distribution successfully extracted), you need
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only specify such alterations only once, a utility called `dset' in
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the boot sequence recording the changes permanently into the
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``/kernel'' file on the root filesystem. These settings will remain
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in effect until such time as you install a new kernel. If you don't
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like this behavior, simply remove `dset' from your /etc/rc file!
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We suggest as a general rule that you disable anything not needed for
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your particular hardware configuration. There are known problems with
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certain device drivers (see section 4.0) for cards you may not have
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yet still conflict with some other device you have residing at the
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same port/IRQ addresses. These drivers will eventually be fixed or
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replaced, but until such time it's quite a bit simpler to use the
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`disable' command to remove them from consideration entirely. This
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can also be fixed by building yourself a custom kernel containing only
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those device deviers which you need (see section 6.0 of the
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FreeBSD.FAQ). When you have space for the kernel sources, this is the
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option we advise!
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2. Default (GENERIC) Configuration
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-- -------------------------------
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In the following table, the numbers in the Port and IOMem columns are
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specified in hexadecimal. The IRQ and DRQ columns are in decimal. If
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an entry has `n/a' for a value then it means that the parameter does
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not apply to that device. A value of `dyn' means that the correct
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value is determined dynamically at runtime by the kernel.
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This table describes all devices in the GENERIC kernel, which is the
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kernel installed on your system by default after FreeBSD has been
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installed. It's also the kernel used when initially booting FreeBSD,
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though in compressed form. In cases where your hardware is not set in
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agreement with this table and the conflicting item is not marked
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`dyn', you will have to either reconfigure your hardware or use
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UserConfig to adjust the kernel (see section 1.0).
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FreeBSD GENERIC kernel:
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Port IRQ DRQ IOMem Description
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---- --- --- ----- ---------------------------------
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fdc0 3f0 6 2 n/a Floppy disk controller
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wdc0 1f0 14 n/a n/a IDE/MFM/RLL disk controller
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wdc1 170 15 n/a n/a IDE/MFM/RLL disk controller
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ncr0 n/a n/a n/a n/a NCR PCI SCSI controller
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ahc0 n/a n/a n/a n/a Adaptec 294x PCI SCSI controller
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bt0 330 dyn dyn dyn Buslogic SCSI controller
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uha0 330 dyn 6 dyn Ultrastore 14f
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ahc1 dyn dyn dyn dyn Adaptec 274x/284x SCSI controller
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ahb0 dyn dyn dyn dyn Adaptec 174x SCSI controller
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aha0 330 dyn 5 dyn Adaptec 154x SCSI controller
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aic0 340 11 dyn dyn Adaptec 152x/AIC-6360 SCSI
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controller
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nca0 1f88 10 dyn dyn ProAudioSpectrum cards
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nca1 350 5 dyn dyn ProAudioSpectrum cards
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sea0 dyn 5 dyn c8000 Seagate ST01/02 8 bit controller
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wt0 300 5 1 dyn Wangtek and Archive QIC-02/QIC-36
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mcd0 300 10 Mitsumi CD-ROM
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mcd1 340 11 Mitsumi CD-ROM
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matcd0 dyn Matsushita/Panasonic CD-ROM
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scd0 230 Sony CD-ROM
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sio0 3f8 4 n/a n/a Serial Port 0 (COM1)
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sio1 2f8 3 n/a n/a Serial Port 1 (COM2)
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sio2 3e8 5 n/a n/a Serial Port 2 (COM3)
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sio3 2e8 9 n/a n/a Serial Port 3 (COM4)
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lpt0 dyn 7 n/a n/a Printer Port 0
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lpt1 dyn dyn n/a n/a Printer Port 1
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lpt2 dyn dyn n/a n/a Printer Port 2
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de0 DEC DC21x40 PCI based cards
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(including 21140 100bT cards)
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ed0 280 5 dyn d8000 WD & SMC 80xx; Novell NE1000 &
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NE2000; 3Com 3C503
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ed1 300 5 dyn d8000 Same as ed0
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eg0 310 5 dyn dyn 3Com 3C505
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ep0 300 10 dyn dyn 3Com 3C509
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ie0 360 7 dyn d0000 AT&T StarLAN 10 and EN100;
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3Com 3C507; NI5210
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ix0 300 10 dyn d0000 Intel EtherExpress cards
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le0 300 5 dyn d0000 Digital Equipment EtherWorks
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2 and EtherWorks 3
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lnc0 280 10 n/a dyn Lance/PCnet cards
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(Isolan, Novell NE2100, NE32-VL)
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lnc1 300 10 n/a dyn See lnc0
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ze0 300 5 dyn d8000 IBM/National Semiconductor
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PCMCIA Ethernet Controller
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zp0 300 10 dyn d8000 3Com PCMCIA Etherlink III
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Ethernet Controller
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--- End of table ---
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3. LINT - other possible configurations
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-- ------------------------------------
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The following drivers are not in the GENERIC kernel but remain
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available to those who don't mind compiling a custom kernel (see
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section 6 of FreeBSD.FAQ). The LINT configuration file
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(/sys/i386/conf/LINT) also contains prototype entries for just about
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every device supported by FreeBSD and is a good general reference.
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The device names and a short description are listed below. The port
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numbers, etc, are not meaningful here since you'll need to compile a
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custom kernel to gain access to these devices anyway and can thus
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adjust the addresses to match in the process. The LINT file contains
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prototype entries for all of the below which you can easily
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cut-and-paste into your own file (or simple copy LINT and edit it to
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taste):
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wds: Western Digital WD7000 IDE
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mse: Logitech & ATI InPort bus mouse ports
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psm: PS/2 mouse port
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cx: Cronyx/Sigma multiport sync/async
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el: 3Com 3C501
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fe: Fujitsu MB86960A/MB86965A Ethernet cards
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fea: DEV DEFEA EISA FDDI adater
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nic: Dr Neuhaus NICCY 3008, 3009 & 5000 ISDN cards
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sb: SoundBlaster PCM - SoundBlaster, SB Pro, SB16, ProAudioSpectrum
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sbxvi: SoundBlaster 16
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sbmidi: SoundBlaster 16 MIDI interface
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pas: ProAudioSpectrum PCM and MIDI
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gus: Gravis Ultrasound - Ultrasound, Ultrasound 16, Ultrasound MAX
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gusxvi: Gravis Ultrasound 16-bit PCM
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gusmax: Gravis Ultrasound MAX (currently broken)
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mss: Microsoft Sound System
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opl: Yamaha OPL-2 and OPL-3 FM - SB, SB Pro, SB 16, ProAudioSpectrum
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uart: Stand-alone 6850 UART for MIDI
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mpu: Roland MPU-401 stand-alone card
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pca: PCM audio through your PC speaker
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ctx: Cortex-I frame grabber
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apm: Laptop Advanced Power Management (experimental)
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spigot: Create Labs Video Spigot video-acquisition board
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cy: Cyclades high-speed serial driver
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gp: National Instruments AT-GPIB and AT-GPIB/TNT board
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gsc: Genius GS-4500 hand scanner
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joy: Joystick
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labpc: National Instrument's Lab-PC and Lab-PC+
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rc: RISCom/8 multiport card
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fpa: DEC DEFPA PCI FDDI adapter
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--- end of list ---
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4.0 Known Hardware Problems, Q & A:
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--- -------------------------------
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Q: mcd0 keeps thinking that it's found a device and this stops my Intel
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EtherExpress card from working.
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A: Use the UserConfig utility (see section 1.0) and disable the probing of
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the mcd0 and mcd1 devices. Generally speaking, you should only leave
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the devices that you will be using enabled in your kernel.
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Q: It finds my ed card, but I keep getting device timeouts.
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A: Your card is probably on a different IRQ from that in the kernel
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configuration. For various reasons, the ed driver will no longer use
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the `soft' configuration by default, and only do it when you specify
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`?' in the IRQ field of your kernel config file. This is because the
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driver used to read the soft configuration even when the card was
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jumpered to use a hard configuration, and this caused problems.
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Either move the jumper on the card to a hard configuration setting
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(altering the kernel settings if necessary), or specify the IRQ as
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`-1' in UserConfig or `?' in your kernel config file. This will
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tell the kernel to use the soft configuration.
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Q: I go to boot by disk for the first time, but the Boot Manger prompt
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just prints `F?' and the boot menu each time - it won't boot FreeBSD!
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A: Your geometry was set incorrectly in the Partition editor when you
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installed FreeBSD. Go back into the editor and specify the actual
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Geometry of your disk, reinstalling FreeBSD again from the beginning.
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<< XXX Hints here about determining correct geometry? XXX >>
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Q: I don't have any problems with FreeBSD, but I just wanted to say
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that while you jokers were hacking this stuff out I went and got
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the most _amazing_ girlfriend and now I actually have a life on
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Saturday nights and everything! You wouldn't believe how great a
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time I'm having!
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A: We hope you get food poisoning and die.
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[ Please add more hardware tips to this Q&A section! ]
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