1b938d0980
A useless entry was removed, as per its comment. Fixed a number of typos and grammos. Old (pre-4.6) security advisories were marked as historic. Hyperlinks were removed from these release notes to work around a buglet in footnote numbering for printed output. These changes eliminated three pages of only marginally-useful utility. Clarify a note on procfs(5) mounts. The games/freebsd-games port now exists, so refer to it when talking about the removal of the traditional BSD games. lukemftpd was deactivated, so remove its release note. Add text on the demise of pkg_version -c. Approved by: re (implicitly)
4569 lines
203 KiB
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4569 lines
203 KiB
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<articleinfo>
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<title>&os;/&arch; &release.current; Release Notes</title>
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<corpauthor>The FreeBSD Project</corpauthor>
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<pubdate>$FreeBSD$</pubdate>
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<copyright>
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<year>2000</year>
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<year>2001</year>
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<year>2002</year>
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<holder role="mailto:doc@FreeBSD.org">The FreeBSD Documentation Project</holder>
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</copyright>
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<abstract>
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<para>The release notes for &os; &release.current; contain a summary
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of
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<![ %include.historic; [
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the changes made to the &os; base system since &release.prev;.
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]]>
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<![ %no.include.historic; [
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recent changes made to the &os; base system on the &release.branch;
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development branch.
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]]>
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Both changes for kernel and userland are listed, as well as
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applicable security advisories that were issued since the last
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release. Some brief remarks on upgrading are also presented.</para>
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</abstract>
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</articleinfo>
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<sect1>
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<title>Introduction</title>
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<para>This document contains the release notes for &os;
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&release.current; on the &arch.print; hardware platform. It
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describes recently added, changed, or deleted features of &os;.
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It also provides some notes on upgrading
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from previous versions of &os;.</para>
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<![ %release.type.snapshot [
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<para>The &release.type; distribution to which these release notes
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apply represents a point along the &release.branch; development
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branch between &release.prev; and the future &release.next;. Some
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pre-built, binary &release.type; distributions along this branch
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can be found at <ulink url="&release.url;"></ulink>.</para>
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]]>
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<![ %release.type.release [
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<para>This distribution of &os; &release.current; is a
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&release.type; distribution. It can be found at <ulink
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url="&release.url;"></ulink> or any of its mirrors. More
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information on obtaining this (or other) &release.type;
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distributions of &os; can be found in the <ulink
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url="http://www.FreeBSD.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/mirrors.html"><quote>Obtaining
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FreeBSD</quote> appendix</ulink> to the <ulink
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url="http://www.FreeBSD.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/">FreeBSD
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Handbook</ulink>.</para>
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]]>
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</sect1>
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<sect1>
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<title>What's New</title>
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<para>This section describes
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<![ %include.historic; [
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the most user-visible new or changed features in &os;
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since &release.prev;.
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In general, changes described here are unique to the &release.branch;
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branch unless specifically marked as &merged; features.
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]]>
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<![ %no.include.historic; [
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many of the user-visible new or changed features in &os;
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since &release.prev;. It includes items that are unique to the
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&release.branch; branch, as well as some features that may have been
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recently merged to
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other branches (after &os; &release.prev.historic;). The later
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items are marked as &merged;.
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]]>
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</para>
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<para>Typical release note items
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document new drivers or hardware support, new commands or options,
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major bugfixes, or contributed software upgrades. Applicable security
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advisories issued after &release.prev.historic; are also listed.</para>
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<para>Many additional changes were made to &os; that are not listed
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here for lack of space. For example, documentation was corrected
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and improved, minor bugs were fixed, insecure coding practices
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were audited and corrected, and source code was cleaned up.</para>
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<sect2 id="kernel">
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<title>Kernel Changes</title>
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<para arch="i386,pc98">Execution of &man.a.out.5; format executables now
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requires the <literal>COMPAT_AOUT</literal> option in the kernel
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configuration or the loading of the <filename>aout.ko</filename>
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kernel module.</para>
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<para>&man.acct.2; has been changed to open the accounting file in
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append mode, so that &man.accton.8; can be used to enable
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accounting to an append-only file. &merged;</para>
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<para arch="i386" role="historic">The &man.amdpm.4; driver has been added to
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provide access to the system monitoring functions of the AMD 756
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chipset. &merged;</para>
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<para arch="i386,alpha,ia64" role="historic">The &man.agp.4; driver for AGP devices has been
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added. &merged;</para>
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<para>A new in-kernel cryptographic framework (see &man.crypto.4;
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and &man.crypto.9;) has been imported from OpenBSD. It provides
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a consistent interface to hardware and software implementations
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of cryptographic algorithms for use by the kernel and access to
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cryptographic hardware for user-mode applications.
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Hardware device drivers are provided to support hifn-based cards
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(&man.hifn.4;) and Broadcom-based cards (&man.ubsec.4;).</para>
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<para>A new &man.ddb.4; command <command>show pcpu</command> lists
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some of the per-CPU data.</para>
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<para role="historic">Two new &man.ddb.4; commands, <command>hwatch</command> and
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<command>dhwatch</command>, have been introduced. Analogous to
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<command>watch</command> and <command>dwatch</command>, they
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install hardware watchpoints (as opposed to software
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watchpoints) if supported by the architecture. &merged;</para>
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<para>A <filename>devctl</filename> device has been added to allow
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userland programs to learn when devices come and go in the device
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tree. This facility is primarily used
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by the &man.devd.8; utility.</para>
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<para>&man.devfs.5;, which allows entries in the
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<filename>/dev</filename> directory to be built automatically
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and supports more flexible attachment of devices, has been
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largely reworked. &man.devfs.5; is now enabled by default and
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can be disabled by the <literal>NODEVFS</literal> kernel
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option.
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A <quote>rule</quote> subsystem
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permits the administrator to define certain properties of new device
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nodes before they become visible to the userland. Both static (e.g.
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<filename>/dev/speaker</filename>) and dynamic (e.g.
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<filename>/dev/bpf*</filename>, some removable devices) nodes are
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supported. Each &man.devfs.5; mount may have a different ruleset assigned to
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it, permitting different policies to be implemented for things like
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jails. Rules and rulesets are manipulated with the &man.devfs.8;
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utility.</para>
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<para>A new digi driver has been added to support PCI Xr-based and
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ISA Xem Digiboard cards. A new &man.digictl.8; program is
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(mainly) used to re-initialize cards that have external port
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modules attached such as the PC/Xem. This driver replaces the older
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dgm driver.</para>
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<para>An &man.eaccess.2; system call has been added, similar to
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&man.access.2; except that the former uses effective credentials
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rather than real credentials.</para>
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<para arch="sparc64">Support has been added for EBus-based
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devices.</para>
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<para arch="i386,pc98,powerpc">Initial support has been added for
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Firewire devices (see &man.firewire.4;). &merged;</para>
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<para arch="i386" role="historic">The &man.ichsmb.4; driver for the Intel 82801AA
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(ICH) SMBus controller and compatibles has been
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added. &merged;</para>
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<para>Each &man.jail.2; environment can now run under its own
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securelevel.</para>
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<para>The tunable sysctl variables for &man.jail.2; have moved
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from <varname>jail.*</varname> to the
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<varname>security.*</varname> hierarchy. Other security-related
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sysctl variables have moved from <varname>kern.security.*</varname> to
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<varname>security.*</varname>.</para>
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<para role="historic">The <varname>kern.maxvnodes</varname> limit now properly
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limits the number of vnodes in use. Previously only vnodes with
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no cached pages could be freed; this could allow the number of
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vnodes to grow without limit on large-memory machines accessing
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many small files. A <literal>vnlru</literal> kernel thread
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helps to flush and reuse vnodes. &merged;</para>
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<para role="historic">The kernel message buffer is now accessible by the
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(machine-independent) <varname>kern.msgbuf</varname> sysctl
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variable; &man.dmesg.8; no longer needs to be SGID
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<groupname>kmem</groupname>. &merged;</para>
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<para>The kernel environment is now dynamic, and can be changed
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via the new &man.kenv.2; system call.</para>
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<para role="historic">The &man.kqueue.2; event notification facility was added to
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the &os; kernel. This is a new interface which is able to
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replace &man.poll.2;/&man.select.2;, offering improved
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performance, as well as the ability to report many different
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types of events. Support for monitoring changes in sockets,
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pipes, fifos, and files are present, as well as for signals and
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processes. &merged;</para>
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<para arch="i386,pc98" role="historic">A new <varname>KVA_SPACE</varname> kernel option
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can be used to reconfigure the size of the kernel virtual
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address space. &merged;</para>
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<para>The labpc(4) driver has been removed due to
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<quote>bitrot</quote>.</para>
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<para>The loader and kernel linker now look for files named
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<filename>linker.hints</filename> in each directory with KLDs
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for a module name and version to KLD filename mapping. The new
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&man.kldxref.8; utility is used to generate these files.</para>
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<para role="historic">Linux emulation now supports the kernel functionality
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required by the
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<filename role="package">emulators/linux_base</filename>
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(RedHat 7.X emulation) port. &merged;</para>
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<para role="historic">Linux emulation now requires <literal>options
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SYSVSEM</literal> in the kernel configuration. &merged;</para>
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<para>&man.lomac.4;, a Low-Watermark Mandatory Access Control
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security facility, has been added as a kernel module. It
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provides a drop-in security mechanism in addition to the
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traditional UID-based security facilities, requiring no
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additional configuration from the administrator. Work on this
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feature was sponsored by DARPA and NAI Labs.</para>
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<para>&os; now supports an extensible Mandatory Access Control
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framework, the TrustedBSD MAC Framework. It permits loadable
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kernel modules to link to the kernel at compile-time, boot-time,
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or run-time to augment the system security policy. The
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framework permits modules to express interest in a variety
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of events, and also provides common security policy services
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such as label storage. A variety of sample policy modules are
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shipped in this release, including implementations of fixed
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and floating label Biba integrity models, Multi-Level Security
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(MLS) with compartments, and a number of augmented UNIX security
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models including a file system firewall. This feature will
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permit easier development and maintenance of local and vendor
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security extensions. The extensibility service is enabled
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by adding <literal>options MAC</literal> to the kernel
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configuration.
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<note>
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<para>The MAC framework is considered an experimental
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feature in this release, and is not enabled by default</para>
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</note>
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</para>
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<para arch="ia64">Machine Check Architecture (MCA) records are now
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collected at boot time and made available through the
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<varname>hw.mca.*</varname> sysctl variables.</para>
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<para role="historic">The <varname>maxusers</varname> kernel configuration
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parameter is now a boot-time tunable variable. The kernel
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parameters derived from <varname>maxusers</varname> are now also
|
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tunables and can be overridden at boot-time. The
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<varname>hz</varname> parameter is also now a
|
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tunable. &merged;</para>
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<para role="historic">Specifying a value of <literal>0</literal> for the
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<varname>maxusers</varname> kernel configuration parameter will
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now cause an appropriate value to be calculated at boot-time
|
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(between 32 and 384, depending on the amount of memory present).
|
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This value is now the default for all
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<filename>GENERIC</filename> kernels. &merged;</para>
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|
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<para arch="alpha" role="historic">A <varname>MAXMEM</varname> kernel option,
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|
along with the <varname>hw.physmem</varname> loader tunable, can
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be used to artificially reduce the memory size of a machine for
|
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testing (or other purposes). &merged;</para>
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<para role="historic">The kernel configuration parameters
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<varname>MAXTSIZ</varname>, <varname>DFLDSIZ</varname>,
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<varname>MAXDSIZ</varname>, <varname>DFLSSIZ</varname>,
|
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<varname>MAXSSIZ</varname>, and <varname>SGROWSIZ</varname> are
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all loader tunables (<varname>kern.maxtsiz</varname>,
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<varname>kern.maxdfldsiz</varname>, etc.). &merged;</para>
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<para>&man.mutex.9; profiling code has been added, enabled by the
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<literal>MUTEX_PROFILING</literal> kernel configuration option.
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It enables the <varname>debug.mutex.prof.*</varname> hierarchy
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of sysctl variables.</para>
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<para arch="i386,pc98" role="historic">The <literal>NCPU</literal>,
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<literal>NAPIC</literal>, <literal>NBUS</literal>, and
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<literal>NINTR</literal> kernel configuration options,
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for configuring SMP kernels, have been removed.
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<literal>NCPU</literal> is now set to a maximum of 16,
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and the other, aforementioned options are now
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dynamic. &merged;</para>
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<para role="historic">A &man.nmdm.4; null-modem terminal driver has been added.
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&merged;</para>
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<para role="historic">The <literal>O_DIRECT</literal> flag has been added to
|
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&man.open.2; and &man.fcntl.2;. Specifying this flag for open
|
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files will attempt to minimize the cache effects of reading and
|
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writing. &merged;</para>
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<para role="historic">An &man.orm.4; device has been added to claim the option
|
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ROMs in the ISA memory I/O space, to prevent other drivers from
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mistakenly assigning addresses that conflict with these
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ROMs. &merged;</para>
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<para>The <literal>P1003_1B</literal> kernel option is no longer
|
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used and has been removed.</para>
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<para arch="i386,pc98">PECOFF (Win32 Execution file format) support has
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been added.</para>
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<para arch="pc98" role="historic">The pmc driver, which supports the power
|
|
management controller of the NEC PC-98NOTE, has been
|
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added. &merged;</para>
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|
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<para role="historic">POSIX.1b Shared Memory Objects are now supported. The
|
|
implementation uses regular files, but automatically enables the
|
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MAP_NOSYNC flag when they are &man.mmap.2;-ed. &merged;</para>
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|
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<para role="historic">Replaced the <literal>PQ_*CACHE</literal> options with a
|
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single <literal>PQ_CACHESIZE</literal> option to be set to the
|
|
cache size in kilobytes. The old options are still supported
|
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for backwards compatibility. &merged;</para>
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|
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<para arch="i386,pc98" role="historic">The &man.puc.4; (PCI <quote>Universal</quote>
|
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Communications) driver has been added, to help connect PCI-based
|
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serial ports to the &man.sio.4; driver. &merged;</para>
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|
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<para>The &man.random.4; device has been rewritten to use the
|
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<application>Yarrow</application> algorithm. It harvests
|
|
entropy from a variety of interrupt sources, including the
|
|
console devices, Ethernet and point-to-point network interfaces,
|
|
and mass-storage devices. Entropy from the &man.random.4;
|
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device is now periodically saved to files in
|
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<filename>/var/db/entropy</filename>, as well as at shutdown
|
|
time. The semantics of <filename>/dev/random</filename> have
|
|
changed; it never blocks waiting for entropy bits but generates
|
|
a stream of pseudo-random data and now behaves exactly as
|
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<filename>/dev/urandom</filename>.</para>
|
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|
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<para>A new kernel option, <literal>options REGRESSION</literal>,
|
|
enables interfaces and functionality intended for use during
|
|
correctness and regression testing.</para>
|
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|
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<para><literal>RLIMIT_VMEM</literal> support has been added. This
|
|
feature defines a new resource limit that covers a process's
|
|
entire virtual memory space, including &man.mmap.2; space. This
|
|
limit can be configured in &man.login.conf.5; via the new
|
|
<varname>vmemoryuse</varname> variable. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para arch="sparc64">Support has been added for SBus-based
|
|
devices.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para arch="sparc64">The sab driver, which supports the Siemens
|
|
SAB82532 serial chip found on many newer Sparc Ultra machines,
|
|
has been added.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>A bug in the &man.sendfile.2; system call, in which headers
|
|
counted against the size of the file to be sent, has been
|
|
fixed. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">The &man.snp.4; device is no longer static and can now be
|
|
compiled as a module. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para arch="i386" role="historic">The &man.spic.4; driver, which provides access
|
|
to the Jog Dial device on some Sony laptops, has been
|
|
added. &man.moused.8; support for this device has also been
|
|
added. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>The &man.syscons.4; driver now supports keyboard-controlled
|
|
pasting, by default bound to
|
|
<keycap>Shift</keycap>-<keycap>Insert</keycap>.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">Support for USB devices was added to the
|
|
<filename>GENERIC</filename> kernel and to the installation
|
|
programs to support USB devices out of the box. Note that SRM
|
|
does not support USB devices at the moment, so you must still
|
|
use an AT keyboard if you are not using a serial
|
|
console. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>The uaudio driver, for USB audio devices, has been
|
|
added. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para arch="i386,pc98">The ubsa driver has been added to support
|
|
the Belkin F5U103 (and compatible) USB-to-serial adaptors.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para arch="i386,pc98" role="historic">The &man.umodem.4; driver for USB modems
|
|
has been added. Support is provided for the 3Com 5605 and
|
|
Metricom Ricochet GS wireless USB modems. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para arch="i386,pc98" role="historic">The &man.uscanner.4; driver for basic USB
|
|
scanner support using SANE has been added. See <ulink
|
|
url="http://www.mostang.com/sane/">the SANE home page</ulink>
|
|
for supported scanners. The HP ScanJet 4100C, 5200C and 6300C
|
|
are known to be working. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>The &man.ucom.4; device driver has been added, to support USB
|
|
modems, serial devices, and other programs that need to look
|
|
like a tty. The related &man.uplcom.4; and &man.uvscom.4; drivers provide specific
|
|
support for the Prolific PL-2303 serial adapter and the SUNTAC
|
|
Slipper U VS-10U, respectively. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>To increase security, the <literal>UCONSOLE</literal> kernel
|
|
configuration option has been removed.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para arch="i386,pc98">The UserConfig boot-time kernel configuration
|
|
feature, usually used to enable, disable, or configure ISA
|
|
devices, has been removed. Its functionality has been replaced
|
|
by the kernel hints file in
|
|
<filename>/boot/device.hints</filename>.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>The <literal>USER_LDT</literal> kernel option is now
|
|
activated by default.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>The &man.uvisor.4; driver for connecting Handspring Visors via USB
|
|
has been added. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>A VESA S3 linear framebuffer driver has been added.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para arch="i386" role="historic">The &man.viapm.4; driver for VIA SMBus
|
|
power management controllers has been added. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Above this line, sort kernel changes by manpage/keyword-->
|
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|
|
<para role="historic">Write combining for crashdumps has been implemented. This
|
|
feature is useful when write caching is disabled on both SCSI
|
|
and IDE disks, where large memory dumps could take up to an hour
|
|
to complete. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>The kernel crashdump infrastructure has been revised, to
|
|
support new platforms and in general clean up the logic in the
|
|
code. One implication of this change is that the on-disk format
|
|
for kernel dumps has changed, and is now
|
|
byte-order-agnostic.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>Extremely large swap areas (>67 GB) no longer panic the
|
|
system.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para arch="alpha">Support for threads under Linux emulation has
|
|
been added.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">The <maketarget>buildkernel</maketarget> target now gets the
|
|
name of the configuration(s) to build from the
|
|
<varname>KERNCONF</varname> variable, not
|
|
<varname>KERNEL</varname>. It is no longer required, in some
|
|
cases, for a <maketarget>buildworld</maketarget> to precede a
|
|
<maketarget>buildkernel</maketarget>. (The
|
|
<maketarget>buildworld</maketarget> is still required when
|
|
upgrading across major releases, across
|
|
<application>binutil</application> updates and when
|
|
&man.config.8; changes version.) &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">The out-of-swap process termination code now begins killing
|
|
processes earlier to avoid deadlocks; it now also takes into
|
|
account the swap space used by processes when computing the
|
|
process sizes. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>Linker sets are now self-contained; gensetdefs(8) is
|
|
unnecessary and has been removed.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">Network device cloning has been implemented, and the
|
|
&man.gif.4; device has been modified to take advantage of it.
|
|
Thus, instead of specifying how many &man.gif.4; interfaces are
|
|
available in kernel configuration files, &man.ifconfig.8;'s
|
|
<option>create</option> option should be used when another device
|
|
instance is desired. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>It is now possible to hardwire kernel environment variables
|
|
(such as tunables) at compile-time using &man.config.8;'s
|
|
<literal>ENV</literal> directive.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>Idle zeroing of pages can be enabled with the
|
|
<varname>vm.idlezero_enable</varname> sysctl variable.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para arch="i386,pc98" role="historic">The load addresses of kernels are now exported
|
|
to the symbol table and various hard-coded constants have been
|
|
removed so that utilities such as &man.ps.1; can work with
|
|
kernels compiled at different addresses. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">Coredumps of large processes (or of a large number of
|
|
processes) no longer lock up the machine for long periods of
|
|
time. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>The &os; kernel scheduler now supports Kernel-Scheduled
|
|
Entities (KSEs), which provides support for multiple threads of
|
|
execution per process similar to Scheduler Activations. At this
|
|
point, the kernel has most of the changes needed to support
|
|
threading. The kernel scheduler can schedule multiple threads per
|
|
process, but only on a single CPU at a time. More information
|
|
can be found in &man.kse.2;.
|
|
|
|
<note>
|
|
<para>KSE is a work in progress.</para>
|
|
</note>
|
|
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>The kernel now has support for multiple low-level console
|
|
devices. The new &man.conscontrol.8; utility helps to manage
|
|
the different consoles.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para arch="alpha">The console driver has gained support for
|
|
TGA-based display adapters.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">The kernel on the installation CDs is now separated from the
|
|
<filename>mfsroot</filename> image. This permits the use of a
|
|
full kernel when installing from CD on machines that support CD
|
|
booting (instead of the stripped-down kernel used on
|
|
floppies). &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">The system load average computation now adds some jitter to
|
|
the timing of samples, in order to avoid synchronization with
|
|
processes that run periodically. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">If a debugging kernel with modules is being built
|
|
(i.e. using <literal>makeoptions DEBUG=-g</literal>), the
|
|
modules will now be built with debugging support as well, for
|
|
completeness. A side effect of this change is that modules
|
|
built and installed with debugging kernels will now occupy more
|
|
space on disk than they did previously. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">The kernel dump device can now be set via the
|
|
<varname>dumpdev</varname> loader tunable. As a result, it is
|
|
now possible to obtain crash dumps from panics during the late
|
|
stages of kernel initialization (before the system enters into
|
|
single-user mode). &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>The kernel memory allocator is now a slab memory allocator,
|
|
similar to that used in Solaris. This is a SMP-safe memory
|
|
allocator that has near-linear performance as the number of CPUs
|
|
increases. It also allows for reduced memory
|
|
fragmentation.</para>
|
|
|
|
<sect3>
|
|
<title>Processor/Motherboard Support</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>SMP support has been largely reworked, incorporating code
|
|
from BSD/OS 5.0. One of the main features of SMPng
|
|
(<quote>SMP Next Generation</quote>) is to allow more
|
|
processes to run in kernel, without the need for spin locks
|
|
that can dramatically reduce the efficiency of multiple
|
|
processors. Interrupt handlers now have contexts associated
|
|
with them that allow them to be blocked, which reduces the
|
|
need to lock out interrupts.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para arch="i386,pc98">Support for the 80386 processor has been
|
|
removed from the <filename>GENERIC</filename> kernel, as this
|
|
code seriously pessimizes performance on other IA32
|
|
processors.
|
|
The <literal>I386_CPU</literal> kernel option
|
|
to support the 80386 processor is now mutually exclusive with
|
|
support for other IA32 processors; this should slightly
|
|
improve performance on the 80386 due to the elimination of
|
|
runtime processor type checks.
|
|
Custom kernels that will run on the 80386 can
|
|
still be built by changing the CPU options in the kernel
|
|
configuration file to only include
|
|
<literal>I386_CPU</literal>.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para arch="alpha" role="historic">AlphaServer 1200 (<quote>Tincup</quote>) has
|
|
been tested and works OK. Currently it does not want to boot
|
|
from CD or floppy but a transplanted disk that was installed
|
|
on another Alpha works well. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para arch="alpha">The API UP1100 mainboard has been verified to
|
|
work.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para arch="alpha">The API CS20 1U high server has been verified
|
|
to work.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para arch="alpha">Support for AlphaServer 2100A
|
|
(<quote>Lynx</quote>) has been added.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para arch="alpha">Kernel code has been added that allows older
|
|
generation Alpha CPUs (EV4 and EV5) to emulate instructions of
|
|
the newer Alpha CPU generations. This enables the use of
|
|
binary-only programs like <application>Adobe Acrobat
|
|
4</application> on EV4 and EV5.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para arch="alpha">SMP support for the Alpha is now operational.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para arch="i386" role="historic">Detection for new processors, such as the
|
|
FC-PGA2 Pentium III (Tualatin), Transmeta Crusoe, and
|
|
Transmeta Crusoe LongRun, has been added. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para arch="alpha">Support for the following hardware has been
|
|
removed from the installation kernel to make it fit on a
|
|
1.44MB floppy again: Multia, NoName, PC64, EB64, Aspen Alpine,
|
|
sa (SCSI tape), amr, parallel port support, vx (3c590, 3c595),
|
|
pcn (AMD Am79C97x PCI 10/100), sf (Adaptec AIC-6915), sis (SiS
|
|
900/SiS 7016), ste (Sundance ST201 (D-Link DFE-550TX)), wb
|
|
(Winbond W89C840F).</para>
|
|
|
|
<para arch="i386" role="historic">Support for Streaming <acronym>SIMD</acronym>
|
|
Extensions (<acronym>SSE</acronym>) has been introduced. The
|
|
<literal>CPU_ENABLE_SSE</literal> kernel option controls
|
|
whether support is compiled into the kernel. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para arch="i386" role="historic">The <literal>CPU_ATHLON_SSE_HACK</literal>
|
|
kernel option has been added, which attempts to enable the SSE
|
|
feature bit on newer Athlon CPUs if the BIOS has forgotten to
|
|
enable it. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para arch="sparc64">The UltraSPARC platform is now supported by
|
|
&os;. The following machines are supported to at least some
|
|
degree: Ultra 1/2/5/10/30/60, Enterprise 220R/420R, Netra T1 AC200/DC200, Netra T 105, and Blade
|
|
100. SMP is supported, and has been tested on the
|
|
Ultra 2, Ultra 60, Enterprise 220R, and
|
|
Enterprise 420R.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para arch="i386">On some systems, the BIOS does not activate
|
|
the I/O ports and memory of PC devices, thus making them
|
|
unusable. The <varname>hw.pci.enable_io_modes</varname>
|
|
sysctl/boot loader variable (which defaults to
|
|
<literal>1</literal>, for <quote>enabled</quote>)
|
|
forces &os; to enable these devices so that they can be
|
|
used.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para arch="alpha">Support for TurboChannel Alphas has been
|
|
removed.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para arch="i386">Support for the AMD Élan SC520 has been
|
|
added; this requires the <literal>CPU_ELAN</literal> option in
|
|
the kernel configuration file. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para arch="i386,pc98">The <literal>CPU_DISABLE_CMPXCHG</literal>
|
|
kernel configuration option has been added. Enabling this
|
|
option has been shown to dramatically improve performance on
|
|
VMWare client OS installs.
|
|
|
|
<note>
|
|
<para>This option is not compatible with
|
|
<literal>SMP</literal> kernels.</para>
|
|
</note>
|
|
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
</sect3>
|
|
|
|
<sect3>
|
|
<title>Bootloader Changes</title>
|
|
|
|
<para arch="i386" role="historic"><filename>boot2</filename> now supports a
|
|
<option>-n</option> option to disallow boot interruption by
|
|
keypresses. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para arch="i386" role="historic">A new <filename>cdboot</filename> bootstrap
|
|
utility for CDROMs provides better compatability with some
|
|
BIOS implementations that do not completely implement the El
|
|
Torito bootable CDROM standard. This boot loader supports
|
|
<quote>no emulation</quote> mode booting, thus eliminating the
|
|
need for an emulated floppy disk image on a bootable
|
|
CDROM. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para arch="i386,pc98" role="historic">The i386 boot loader now has support for a
|
|
<literal>nullconsole</literal> console type, for use on
|
|
systems with neither a video console nor a serial
|
|
port. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para arch="i386,pc98" role="historic">The &man.loader.8; now has optional support
|
|
(enabled at compile-time, off by default) for loading
|
|
<application>bzip2</application>-compressed kernels and
|
|
modules. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para arch="i386" role="historic">Support for Intel's Wired for Management 2.0
|
|
(PXE) was added to the &os; boot loader. Due to API
|
|
differences, the older PXE versions are not supported. This
|
|
allow network booting using DHCP. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Above this line, order bootloader changes by keyword-->
|
|
|
|
<para arch="i386" role="historic">The &os; boot loader now contains a workaround
|
|
to support CDROM booting on certain IBM BIOSs that expect the
|
|
first sector of the emulated floppy to contain a valid MS-DOS
|
|
BPB that they can modify. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para arch="i386,pc98" role="historic">The &os; boot loader now supports a
|
|
<option>-p</option> flag to force the kernel to pause after
|
|
each line of output during the probing phase. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para arch="alpha,i386" role="historic">The &os; boot loader is now capable of
|
|
booting from filesystems with block sizes larger than
|
|
8K. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>The kernel and modules have been moved to the directory
|
|
<filename>/boot/kernel</filename>, so they can be easily
|
|
manipulated together. The boot loader has been updated to
|
|
make this change as seamless as possible.</para>
|
|
</sect3>
|
|
|
|
<sect3>
|
|
<title>Network Interface Support</title>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">The &man.an.4; driver for Cisco Aironet cards now supports
|
|
Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP) encryption, settable via
|
|
&man.ancontrol.8;. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">The &man.an.4; driver now supports the Cisco Aironet 350
|
|
series of adaptors. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">The &man.an.4; driver now supports <quote>monitor</quote>
|
|
mode, settable via the <option>-M</option> option to
|
|
&man.ancontrol.8;. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">The &man.an.4; driver now supports Cisco LEAP, as well as
|
|
the <quote>Home</quote> WEP key. The Linux Aironet utilities
|
|
are now supported under emulation. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para arch="i386,pc98" role="historic">Generic support for ARCNET token-based
|
|
networks has been added. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para arch="i386,pc98" role="historic">The &man.bge.4; driver has been added to
|
|
support the Broadcom BCM570x family of Gigabit Ethernet
|
|
controllers, including the 3Com 3c996-T, the SysKonnect
|
|
SK-9D21 and SK-9D41, and the built-in Gigabit Ethernet NICs on
|
|
Dell PowerEdge 2550 servers. Output TCP/IP checksum offload,
|
|
jumbo frames and VLAN tag insertion/stripping are supported,
|
|
as well as interrupt moderation. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para arch="i386" role="historic">The cm driver has been added to support SMC
|
|
COM90cx6 ARCNET network adapters. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>The &man.dc.4; driver now supports NICs based on the Xircom
|
|
3201 and Conexant LANfinity RS7112 chips.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">The &man.dc.4; driver now has support for
|
|
VLANs. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">The &man.de.4; driver now performs round-robin arbitration
|
|
between the transmit and receive units of the 21143, instead
|
|
of giving priority to the receive unit. This gives a
|
|
10–15% performance improvement in the forwarding rate
|
|
under heavy load. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para arch="alpha">The &man.ed.4; driver is now supported.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para arch="i386,pc98" role="historic">Linksys Fast Ethernet PCCARD cards supported
|
|
by the &man.ed.4; driver now require the addition of flag
|
|
<literal>0x80000</literal> to their config line in
|
|
&man.pccard.conf.5;. This flag is not optional. These
|
|
Linksys cards will not be recognized without
|
|
it. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">A bug in the &man.ed.4; driver that could cause panics
|
|
with very short packets and BPF or bridging active has been
|
|
fixed. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">The &man.ed.4; driver now has support for D-Link DL10022
|
|
chips, necessary for the NetGear FA-410TX and other cards. As
|
|
a result, <literal>device miibus</literal> is required in
|
|
kernel configurations using the &man.ed.4;
|
|
driver. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para arch="i386">The &man.el.4; driver can now be loaded as a
|
|
module.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para arch="i386,pc98,ia64" role="historic">The &man.em.4; driver has been added to
|
|
support NICs based on the Intel 82542, 82543, 82544, 82545EM,
|
|
and 82546EB
|
|
Gigabit Ethernet controller chips. The driver has VLAN
|
|
support, and also supports
|
|
transmit/receive checksum offload and jumbo frames on 82543
|
|
and 82544-based adapters. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">The &man.faith.4; device is now loadable, unloadable, and
|
|
clonable. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para arch="i386,pc98" role="historic">Support for Fujitsu MB86960A/MB86965A based
|
|
Ethernet PC-Cards has been added back in the &man.fe.4;
|
|
driver. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para arch="alpha" role="historic">The &man.fpa.4; driver now supports Digital's
|
|
DEFPA FDDI adaptors on the Alpha. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">The &man.fxp.4; driver now requires a <literal>device
|
|
miibus</literal> entry in the kernel configuration
|
|
file. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">The &man.fxp.4; driver now contains a workaround for PCI
|
|
protocol violations caused by defects in some systems based on
|
|
the Intel ICH2/ICH2-M chip. The workaround is to rewrite the
|
|
EEPROM on the interface to disable Dynamic Standby Mode; once
|
|
the EEPROM is rewritten, the system needs to be rebooted for
|
|
the new settings to take effect. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">The &man.fxp.4; driver now supports Intel's loadable
|
|
microcode to implement receive-side interrupt coalescing and
|
|
packet bundling, on NICs that support these features. This
|
|
support can be activated by the use of the
|
|
<option>link0</option> option to
|
|
&man.ifconfig.8;. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para arch="sparc64">The gem driver has been added to support
|
|
the Sun GEM Gigabit Ethernet and ERI Fast Ethernet
|
|
adapters.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">The &man.gx.4; driver has been added to support NICs based
|
|
on the Intel 82542 and 82543 Gigabit Ethernet controller
|
|
chips. Both fiber and copper variants of the cards are
|
|
supported. Both boards support VLAN tagging/insertion, and
|
|
the 82543 additionally supports TCP/IP checksum
|
|
offload. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para arch="sparc64">The hme driver has been added to support
|
|
the Sun HME Fast Ethernet adapter, onboard on many Sun Ultra
|
|
series machines.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">The &man.lge.4; driver has been added to support the Level
|
|
1 LXT1001 NetCellerator Gigabit Ethernet controller chip. This
|
|
device is used on some fiber optic GigE cards from SMC, D-Link
|
|
and Addtron. Jumbograms and TCP/IP checksum offload on
|
|
receive are supported, although hardware VLAN filtering is
|
|
not. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">The my driver, which supports the Myson Fast Ethernet and
|
|
Gigabit Ethernet adapters, has been added. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">Added the &man.nge.4; driver, which supports PCI Gigabit
|
|
Ethernet adapters based on the National Semiconductor DP83820
|
|
and DP83821 Gigabit Ethernet controller chips, including the
|
|
D-Link DGE-500T, SMC EZ Card 1000 (SMC9462TX), Asante
|
|
FriendlyNet GigaNIC 1000TA and 1000TPC and Addtron AEG320T.
|
|
This driver supports transmit and receive checksum
|
|
offloading. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">The &man.pcn.4; driver, which supports the AMD PCnet/FAST,
|
|
PCnet/FAST+, PCnet/FAST III, PCnet/PRO, PCnet/Home, and
|
|
HomePNA adapters, has been added. Although these cards are
|
|
already supported by the &man.lnc.4; driver, the &man.pcn.4;
|
|
driver runs these chips in 32-bit mode and uses the RX
|
|
alignment feature to achieve zero-copy receive. This driver
|
|
is also machine-independent, so it will work on the i386,
|
|
pc98 and Alpha platforms. The &man.lnc.4; driver is still needed
|
|
to support non-PCI cards. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">The &man.ray.4; driver, which supports the Webgear Aviator
|
|
wireless network cards, has been committed. The operation of
|
|
&man.ray.4; interfaces can be modified by
|
|
&man.raycontrol.8;. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para arch="i386,pc98">The &man.rp.4; driver has been updated to
|
|
version 3.02 and can now be built as a module. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para arch="i386" role="historic">The sbni driver, for supporting the Granch
|
|
SBNI12 series of ISA and PCI point-to-point communications
|
|
interfaces, has been added. The <filename
|
|
role="package">sysutils/sbniconfig</filename> port in the &os;
|
|
Ports Collection can be used for configuring these
|
|
devices. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">Added support for PCI Ethernet adapters based on the SiS
|
|
900 and SiS 7016 Fast Ethernet controller chips (for example,
|
|
as seen on the SiS 635 and 735 motherboard chipsets), as well
|
|
as the National Semiconductor DP83815 chipset (including the
|
|
NetGear FA311-TX and FA312-TX) in the form of the &man.sis.4;
|
|
driver. This device has support for VLANs. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para arch="pc98" role="historic">The snc driver for the National Semiconductor
|
|
DP8393X (SONIC) Ethernet controller has been added.
|
|
Currently, this driver is only used on the PC-98
|
|
architecture. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>The &man.stf.4; device is now clonable.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">The &man.tap.4; driver, a virtual Ethernet device driver
|
|
for bridged configurations, has been added. This device is
|
|
clonable. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">The &man.ti.4; driver now supports the Alteon AceNIC
|
|
1000baseT Gigabit Ethernet and Netgear GA620T 1000baseT
|
|
Gigabit cards. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">The &man.ti.4; driver correctly masks VLAN tags. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>The &man.tx.4; driver now supports true multicast
|
|
filtering.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">The &man.txp.4; driver has been added to support NICs
|
|
based on the 3Com 3XP Typhoon/Sidewinder (3CR990)
|
|
chipset. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">&man.vlan.4; devices are now loadable, unloadable, and
|
|
clonable. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">The &man.wi.4; driver now has support for Prism II and
|
|
Prism 2.5-based NICs. 104/128-bit WEP now works on Prism
|
|
cards. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">The &man.wi.4; driver now supports using a &os; host as
|
|
a wireless access point. This functionality can be enabled
|
|
using the <literal>mediaopt hostap</literal> option of
|
|
&man.ifconfig.8;. This feature requires a wireless
|
|
adapter based on the Prism II chipset. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">The &man.wi.4; driver now has support for
|
|
<application>bsd-airtools</application>. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">The xe driver can now be built as a
|
|
module. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">The &man.xl.4; driver now supports the 3Com 3C556 and
|
|
3C556B MiniPCI adapters used on some laptops. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">The &man.xl.4; driver now supports reception of VLAN
|
|
tagged frames (on the <quote>Cyclone</quote> or newer
|
|
chipsets). &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">The &man.xl.4; driver now supports send- and receive-side
|
|
TCP/IP checksum offloading for NICs implementing this feature,
|
|
such as the 3C905B, 3C905C, and 3C980C. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">A bug in the &man.xl.4; driver, related to statistics
|
|
overflow interrupt handling, was causing slowdowns at medium
|
|
to high packet rates; this has been fixed. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">The per-interface <varname>ifnet</varname> structure now
|
|
has the ability to indicate a set of capabilities supported by
|
|
a network interface, and which ones are enabled.
|
|
&man.ifconfig.8; has support for querying these
|
|
capabilities. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">Performance with hosts having a large number of IP aliases
|
|
has been improved, by replacing the per-interface
|
|
<varname>if_inaddr</varname> linear list with a hash table. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>Network devices now automatically appear as special files in
|
|
<filename>/dev/net</filename>. Interface hardware ioctls (not
|
|
protocol or routing) can be performed on these devices. The
|
|
<varname>SIOCGIFCONF</varname> ioctl may be performed on the
|
|
special <filename>/dev/network</filename> node.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">Selected network drivers now implement a semi-polling
|
|
mode, which makes systems much more resilient to attacks and
|
|
overloads. To enable polling, the following options are
|
|
required in a kernel configuration file:
|
|
|
|
<programlisting>options DEVICE_POLLING
|
|
options HZ=1000 # not compulsory but strongly recommended</programlisting>
|
|
|
|
The <varname>kern.polling.enable</varname> sysctl variable
|
|
will then activate polling mode; with the
|
|
<varname>kern.polling.user_frac</varname> sysctl indicating
|
|
the percentage of CPU time to be reserved for userland. The
|
|
devices initially supporting polling are &man.dc.4;,
|
|
&man.fxp.4;, &man.rl.4;, and &man.sis.4;. More details can be found in
|
|
the &man.polling.4; manual page. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para arch="i386,pc98" role="historic">The packet-forwarding performance of certain
|
|
network drivers (specifically &man.dc.4; and &man.sis.4;) has
|
|
been enhanced by the elimination of unnecessary buffer
|
|
copies. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para><quote>Zero copy</quote> support has been added to the
|
|
networking stack. This feature can eliminate a copy of
|
|
network data between the kernel and userland, which is one of
|
|
the more significant bottlenecks in network throughput.
|
|
The send-side code should work with almost any network
|
|
adapter, while the receive-side code requires a network
|
|
adapter with an MTU of at least one memory page size (for
|
|
example, jumbo frames on Gigabit Ethernet). For more
|
|
information, see &man.zero.copy.9;.</para>
|
|
</sect3>
|
|
|
|
<sect3>
|
|
<title>Network Protocols</title>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">&man.accept.filter.9;, a kernel feature to reduce
|
|
overheads when accepting and reading new connections on
|
|
listening sockets, has been added. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">The <literal>proxy</literal> modifier to &man.arp.8;'s
|
|
<option>-d</option> option has been renamed to
|
|
<literal>pub</literal>, for consistency with the
|
|
<option>-s</option> option. The <literal>only</literal> keyword
|
|
has been added to the <option>-s</option> and
|
|
<option>-S</option> flags, to be used in creating
|
|
<quote>proxy-only</quote> published entries. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">The read timeout feature of &man.bpf.4; now works more
|
|
correctly with &man.select.2;/&man.poll.2;, and therefore with
|
|
pthreads. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">&man.bridge.4; and &man.dummynet.4; have received some
|
|
enhancements and bug fixes, and are now loadable
|
|
modules. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">&man.bridge.4; now has better support for multiple,
|
|
fully-independent bridging clusters, and is much more stable
|
|
in the presence of dynamic attachments and detatchments. Full
|
|
support for VLANs is also supported. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>A <literal>FAST_IPSEC</literal> kernel option now allows
|
|
the IPsec implementation to use the kernel &man.crypto.4; framework,
|
|
along with its support for hardware cryptographic
|
|
acceleration.
|
|
<note>
|
|
<para>The <literal>FAST_IPSEC</literal> and
|
|
<literal>IPSEC</literal> options are mutually
|
|
exclusive.</para>
|
|
</note>
|
|
|
|
<note>
|
|
<para>The <literal>FAST_IPSEC</literal> option is, at the
|
|
moment, not compatible with IPv6 or the
|
|
<literal>INET6</literal> option.</para>
|
|
</note>
|
|
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>A &man.gre.4; driver, which can encapsulate IP packets
|
|
using GRE (RFC 1701) or minimal IP encapsulation for Mobile IP
|
|
(RFC 2004), has been added.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>ICMP ECHO and TSTAMP replies are now rate limited. TCP
|
|
RSTs generated due to packets sent to open and unopen ports
|
|
are now limited by separate counters. Each rate limiting
|
|
queue now has its own description.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">ICMP <literal>UNREACH_FILTER_PROHIB</literal> messages can
|
|
now RST TCP connections in the <literal>SYN_SENT</literal>
|
|
state if the correct sequence numbers are sent back, as
|
|
controlled by the
|
|
<varname>net.inet.tcp.icmp_may_rst</varname> sysctl. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>IP multicast now works on VLAN devices. Several other
|
|
bugs in the VLAN code have also been fixed.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">A bug in the IPsec processing for IPv4, which caused the
|
|
inbound SPD checks to be ignored, has been fixed. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">&man.ipfw.4; now filters correctly in the presence of ECN
|
|
bits in TCP segments. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>&man.ipfw.4; has been re-implemented (the new version is
|
|
commonly referred to as <quote>IPFW2</quote>). It now uses
|
|
variable-sized representation of rules in the kernel, similar
|
|
to &man.bpf.4; instructions. Most of the externally-visible
|
|
behavior (i.e. through &man.ipfw.8;) should be unchanged,
|
|
although &man.ipfw.8; now supports <literal>or</literal>
|
|
connectives between match fields. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">A new ng_eiface netgraph module has been added, which
|
|
appears as an Ethernet interface but delivers its Ethernet
|
|
frames to a Netgraph hook. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>A new &man.ng.device.4; netgraph node type has been added,
|
|
which creates a device entry in <filename>/dev</filename>, to
|
|
be used as the entry point to a networking graph.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">A new &man.ng.etf.4; netgraph node allows Ethernet type
|
|
packets to be filtered to different hooks depending on
|
|
ethertype. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>The &man.ng.gif.4; and &man.ng.gif.demux.4; netgraph
|
|
nodes, for operating on &man.gif.4; devices, have been
|
|
added.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>The &man.ng.ip.input.4; netgraph node, for queueing IP
|
|
packets into the main IP input processing code, has been
|
|
added.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>A new &man.ng.l2tp.4; netgraph node type, which implements
|
|
the encapsulation layer of the L2TP protocol as described in
|
|
RFC 2661, has been added. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">The &man.ng.mppc.4; and &man.ng.bridge.4; node types have
|
|
been added to the &man.netgraph.4; subsystem. The
|
|
&man.ng.ether.4; node is now dynamically loadable.
|
|
Miscellaneous bug fixes and enhancements have also been
|
|
made. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">A new netgraph node type &man.ng.one2many.4; for
|
|
multiplexing and demultiplexing packets over multiple links
|
|
has been added. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>A new ng_split node type has been added for splitting a
|
|
bidirectional packet flow into two unidirectional flows.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">A new sysctl
|
|
<varname>net.inet.ip.check_interface</varname>, which is on by
|
|
default, causes IP to verify that an incoming packet arrives
|
|
on an interface that has an address matching the packet's
|
|
destination address. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">A new sysctl
|
|
<varname>net.link.ether.inet.log_arp_wrong_iface</varname> has
|
|
been added to control the suppression of logging when ARP
|
|
replies arrive on the wrong interface. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">A new <literal>options RANDOM_IP_ID</literal> kernel
|
|
option causes the ID field of IP packets to be randomized.
|
|
This closes a minor information leak which allows a remote
|
|
observer to determine the rate at which the machine is
|
|
generating packets, since the default behavior is to increment
|
|
a counter for each packet sent. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para arch="alpha">SLIP has been removed from the
|
|
<filename>mfsroot</filename> floppy image.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">TCP has received some bug fixes for its delayed ACK
|
|
behavior. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">TCP now supports the NewReno modification to the TCP Fast
|
|
Recovery algorithm. This behavior can be controlled via the
|
|
<varname>net.inet.tcp.newreno</varname> sysctl
|
|
variable. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">TCP now uses a more aggressive timeout for initial SYN
|
|
segments; this allows initial connection attempts to be
|
|
dropped much faster. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">The <literal>TCP_COMPAT_42</literal> kernel option has
|
|
been removed. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">The <literal>TCP_RESTRICT_RST</literal> kernel option has
|
|
been removed. Similar functionality can be achieved with the
|
|
<varname>net.inet.tcp.blackhole</varname> sysctl
|
|
variable. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">TCP now has RFC 1323 extensions enabled by default in
|
|
&man.rc.conf.5;. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">RFC 1323 and RFC 1644 TCP extensions are now disabled for
|
|
a connection in progress if no response has been received by
|
|
the third SYN segment sent. This behavior tries to work
|
|
around (very old) terminal servers with buggy VJ header
|
|
compression implementations. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">The TCP implementation no longer requires the allocation
|
|
of a TCP template structure for each connection; this should
|
|
reduce the buffer usage on large systems handling many
|
|
connections. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">TCP's default buffer sizes, controlled by the
|
|
<varname>net.inet.tcp.sendspace</varname> and
|
|
<varname>net.inet.tcp.recvspace</varname> sysctl variables,
|
|
have been increased to 32K and 64K respectively. Previously,
|
|
the default for both buffer sizes was 16K. To try to avoid
|
|
increasing congestion, the default value for
|
|
<varname>net.inet.tcp.local_slowstart_flightsize</varname> has
|
|
been changed from infinity to 4. &merged;
|
|
|
|
<note>
|
|
<para>On busy hosts, the new larger buffer sizes may require
|
|
manually increasing the
|
|
<varname>NMBCLUSTERS</varname> parameter, either in the
|
|
kernel configuration file or via the
|
|
<varname>kern.ipc.nmbclusters</varname> loader tunable.
|
|
<command>netstat -mb</command> can be used to monitor the
|
|
state of mbuf clusters.</para>
|
|
</note>
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">TCP now supports RFC 1948 (Defending Against Sequence
|
|
Number Attacks). The
|
|
<varname>net.inet.tcp.isn_reseed_interval</varname> sysctl
|
|
variable controls the reseeding of the secret data used in
|
|
the RFC 1948 initial sequence number calculations. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">The TCP implementation in &os; now implements a cache of
|
|
outstanding, received SYN segments. Incoming SYN segments now
|
|
cause entries to be placed in the cache until the TCP
|
|
three-way handshake is complete, at which point, memory is
|
|
allocated for the connection as usual. In addition, all TCP
|
|
Initial Sequence Numbers (ISNs) are used as cookies, allowing
|
|
entries in the cache to be dropped, but still have their
|
|
corresponding ACKs accepted later. The combination of the
|
|
so-called
|
|
<quote>syncache</quote> and <quote>syncookies</quote> features
|
|
makes a host much more resistant to TCP-based Denial of
|
|
Service attacks. Work on this feature was sponsored by DARPA
|
|
and NAI Labs. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">A bug in the TCP implementation, which could cause
|
|
connections to stall if a sender saw a zero-sized window, has
|
|
been corrected. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">The TCP implementation now properly ignores packets
|
|
addressed to IP-layer broadcast addresses. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>The ephemeral port range used for TCP and UDP has been
|
|
changed to 49152–65535 (the old default was
|
|
1024–5000). This increases the number of concurrent
|
|
outgoing connections/streams.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>The &man.tcp.4; protocol's retransmission timer can now be
|
|
manipulated with two sysctl variables,
|
|
<varname>net.inet.tcp.rexmit_min</varname> and
|
|
<varname>net.inet.tcp.rexmit_slop</varname>. The default has
|
|
been reduced from one second to 200ms (similar to the Linux default)
|
|
in order to better handle hiccups over interactive connections and
|
|
improve recovery over lossy fast connections such as wireless links.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>The &man.tcp.4; protocol now has the ability to dynamically
|
|
limit the send-side window to maximize bandwidth and minimize
|
|
round trip times. The feature can be enabled via the
|
|
<varname>net.inet.tcp.inflight_enable</varname>
|
|
sysctl. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
</sect3>
|
|
|
|
<sect3>
|
|
<title>Disks and Storage</title>
|
|
|
|
<para arch="i386" role="historic">Support for the Adaptec FSA family of PCI-SCSI
|
|
RAID controllers has been added, in the form of the
|
|
&man.aac.4; driver. This driver includes proper handling of
|
|
commands initiated by the adapter, addition/removal of disk
|
|
devices, crashdump functionality, and &man.ioctl.2; commands
|
|
necessary for the management CLI, and is fully qualified and
|
|
sanctioned by Adaptec. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">The &man.ahc.4; driver has received numerous updates,
|
|
bugfixes, and enhancements. Among various improvements are
|
|
improved compatibility with chips in <quote>RAID Port</quote>
|
|
mode and systems with AAA and/or ARO cards installed, as well
|
|
as performance improvements. Some bugs were also fixed,
|
|
including a rare hang on Ultra2/U160
|
|
controllers. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para arch="i386">The &man.ahd.4; driver, which supports the Adaptec
|
|
AIC7901, AIC7901A, and AIC7902 Ultra320 PCI-X SCSI Controller chips, has been
|
|
added. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para arch="i386" role="historic">The &man.asr.4; driver, which provides support
|
|
for the Adaptec SCSI RAID controller family, as well as the
|
|
DPT SmartRAID V and VI families, has been
|
|
added. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para arch="i386" role="historic">The &man.asr.4; driver now supports the
|
|
Adaptec 2000S and 2005S Zero-Channel RAID
|
|
controllers. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">The &man.ata.4; driver now has support for ATA100
|
|
controllers. In addition, it now supports the ServerWorks
|
|
ROSB4 ATA33 chipset, the CMD 648 ATA66 and CMD 649 ATA100
|
|
chipsets, and the Cyrix 5530. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">To provide more flexible configuration, the various
|
|
options for the &man.ata.4; driver are now boot loader
|
|
tunables, rather than kernel configure-time
|
|
options. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">The &man.ata.4; driver now has support for tagged queuing,
|
|
which is enabled by the <varname>hw.ata.tags</varname> loader
|
|
tunable. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">The &man.ata.4; driver now has support for ATA
|
|
<quote>pseudo</quote> RAID controllers as the Promise Fasttrak
|
|
and HighPoint HPT370 controllers. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">The &man.ata.4; driver now supports a wider variety of SiS
|
|
chipsets, as listed in the Hardware Notes. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">The &man.ata.4; driver now has support for creating,
|
|
deleting, querying, and rebuilding ATA RAIDs under control of
|
|
&man.atacontrol.8;. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">The BurnProof(TM) feature, for applicable ATAPI CD-ROM
|
|
burners, is now supported. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">The &man.ata.4; driver now has support for 48-bit
|
|
addressing. Devices larger than 137GB are now
|
|
supported. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">The &man.ata.4; driver now contains fixes for some data
|
|
corruption problems on systems using the VIA 82C686B
|
|
Southbridge chip. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>The &man.ata.4; driver (along with &man.burncd.8;) now
|
|
supports writing to media in DVD+RW drives.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>The &man.ata.4; driver now supports accessing ATA devices
|
|
as SCSI devices via the CAM layer and drivers (&man.cd.4;,
|
|
&man.da.4;, &man.st.4;, and &man.pass.4;). This feature requires
|
|
<literal>device atapicam</literal> in the kernel
|
|
configuration. More information can be found in
|
|
&man.atapicam.4;. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>The &man.ata.4; driver now has support for the Sil 0680
|
|
and VIA 8233/8235 controllers. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">The &man.cd.4; driver now has support for write
|
|
operations. This allows writing to DVD-RAM, PD and similar
|
|
drives that probe as CD devices. Note that change affects
|
|
only random-access writeable devices, not sequential-only
|
|
writeable devices such as CD-R drives, which are supported by
|
|
&man.cdrecord.1; (a part of
|
|
<filename role="package">sysutils/cdrtools</filename> in the
|
|
Ports Collection. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>The &man.cd.4; driver now supports the same
|
|
<literal>CDRIOCREADSPEED</literal> and
|
|
<literal>CDRIOCWRITESPEED</literal> ioctls that the
|
|
&man.acd.4; driver uses for setting the speed of CDROM
|
|
access.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>The &man.targ.4; driver has been rewritten and a new
|
|
usermode has been added to share/examples/scsi_target that
|
|
emulates a direct access device.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para arch="i386" role="historic">The ciss driver, for devices utilizing the
|
|
Common Interface for SCSI-3 Support, has been added. This
|
|
driver supports the Compaq SmartRAID 5* family of RAID
|
|
controllers (5300, 532, 5i). &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>The &man.fdc.4; floppy disk driver has undergone a number of
|
|
enhancements. Density selection for common settings is now
|
|
automatic; the driver is also much more flexible in setting
|
|
the densities of various subdevices.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>The &man.geom.4; disk I/O request transformation framework
|
|
has been added; this extensible framework is designed to
|
|
support a wide variety of operations on I/O requests on their
|
|
way from the upper kernel to the device drivers.
|
|
|
|
<note>
|
|
<para>GEOM-enabled kernels no longer support
|
|
<quote>compatability slices</quote>. This feature
|
|
(supported on the i386 and pc98 only) allowed a user to
|
|
refer to a disk partition without specifying an MBR slice
|
|
(e.g. <filename>/dev/ad0a</filename>); the kernel would
|
|
automatically find the first applicable &os; slice and use
|
|
it. On GEOM-enabled kernels (the default), only the full partition names
|
|
(e.g. <filename>/dev/ad0s1a</filename>) are allowed when
|
|
referring to partitions within MBR slices. This
|
|
change should affect very few users.</para>
|
|
</note>
|
|
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>A GEOM Based Disk Encryption module has been added. It
|
|
provides denial of access to <quote>cold disks</quote>, with
|
|
four different cryptographic barriers and up to four
|
|
changeable pass-phrases. Much more information can be found
|
|
in the &man.gbde.4; manual page. The &man.gbde.8; userland
|
|
utility provides an operation and management interface to this
|
|
module. This feature is not enabled by default; it requires
|
|
<literal>options GEOM_BDE</literal> to be added to a kernel
|
|
configuration file.
|
|
|
|
<note>
|
|
<para>This feature should be considered experimental.</para>
|
|
</note>
|
|
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">The ida disk driver now has crashdump
|
|
support. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para arch="i386" role="historic">The iir driver has been added to support the
|
|
Intel Integrated RAID controllers, as well as prior ICP Vortex
|
|
controllers.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para arch="alpha" role="historic">A bug that made certain CDROM drives fail to
|
|
attach when connected to a SCSI card driven by &man.isp.4; has
|
|
been fixed. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>The &man.isp.4; driver is now proactive about discovering
|
|
Fibre Channel topology changes.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>The &man.isp.4; driver now supports target mode for Qlogic
|
|
SCSI cards, including Ultra2 and Ultra3 and dual bus
|
|
cards.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">The &man.isp.4; driver now supports the Qlogic 2300 and
|
|
2312 Optical Fibre Channel PCI cards. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para arch="i386,pc98">The &man.matcd.4; driver has been removed
|
|
due to breakage and licensing issues. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>&man.md.4;, the memory disk device, has had the
|
|
functionality of &man.vn.4; incorporated into it. &man.md.4;
|
|
devices can now be configured by &man.mdconfig.8;. &man.vn.4;
|
|
has been removed. The Memory Filesystem (MFS) has also been
|
|
removed.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para arch="i386,alpha,pc98,sparc64">The mpt driver, for
|
|
supporting the LSI Logic Fusion/MP architecture Fiber Channel
|
|
controllers, has been added. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para arch="i386" role="historic">The &man.mly.4; driver, for Mylex PCI to SCSI
|
|
AccelRAID and eXtremeRAID controllers with firmware 6.X and
|
|
later, has been added. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para arch="i386,pc98" role="historic">The ncv, nsp, and stg drivers have been ported
|
|
from NetBSD/pc98. They support the NCR 53C50 / Workbit Ninja
|
|
SCSI-3 / TMC 18C30, 18C50 based PC-Card/ISA SCSI controllers.
|
|
All three drivers can be built and loaded as
|
|
modules. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para arch="powerpc">The ofw driver, a basic OpenFirmware disk
|
|
driver, has been added.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para arch="i386">The &man.pst.4; driver, for supporting Promise
|
|
SuperTrak ATA RAID controllers, has been
|
|
added. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>The RAIDframe disk driver has been imported from NetBSD.
|
|
This driver provides software-based RAID 0, 1, 4, and 5
|
|
capabilities, as well as other functionality. More
|
|
information can be found in the &man.raid.4; driver manual
|
|
page. The &man.raidctl.8; utility is used to configure and
|
|
unconfigure disk arrays. This feature is not enabled by
|
|
default, and requires <literal>device raidframe</literal> to
|
|
be configured into a kernel.
|
|
|
|
<note>
|
|
<para>This feature should be considered experimental.</para>
|
|
</note>
|
|
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>Some problems in &man.sa.4; error handling have been
|
|
fixed, including the <quote>tape drive spinning indefinitely
|
|
upon &man.mt.1; <option>stat</option></quote> problem.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>The <varname>SCSI_DELAY</varname> configuration parameter
|
|
can now be set at boot time and runtime via the
|
|
<varname>kern.cam.scsi_delay</varname> tunable/sysctl.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>The trm driver has been added to support SCSI adapters
|
|
using the Tekram TRM-S1040 SCSI chipset. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para arch="i386" role="historic">The &man.twe.4; 3ware ATA RAID driver has
|
|
added. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">The &man.wd.4; compatibility devices were removed from the
|
|
&man.ata.4; driver. &merged;</para>
|
|
</sect3>
|
|
|
|
<sect3>
|
|
<title>Filesystems</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>Support for named extended attributes has been added to the
|
|
&os; kernel. This allows the kernel, and appropriately
|
|
privileged userland processes, to tag files and directories
|
|
with attribute data. Extended attributes were added to
|
|
support the TrustedBSD Project, in particular ACLs, capability
|
|
data, and mandatory access control labels (see
|
|
<filename>/usr/src/sys/ufs/ufs/README.extattr</filename> for
|
|
details).</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">Due to a licensing change, softupdates have been
|
|
integrated into the main portion of the kernel source tree.
|
|
As a consequence, softupdates are now available with the
|
|
<filename>GENERIC</filename> kernel. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>A filesystem snapshot capability has been added to FFS.
|
|
Details can be found in
|
|
<filename>/usr/src/sys/ufs/ffs/README.snapshot</filename>.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>When running with softupdates, &man.statfs.2; and
|
|
&man.df.1; will track the number of blocks and files that are
|
|
committed to being freed.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">A bug in FFS that could cause superblock corruption on
|
|
very large filesystems has been corrected. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">The ISO-9660 filesystem now has a hook that supports a
|
|
loadable character conversion routine. The
|
|
<filename role="package">sysutils/cd9660_unicode</filename>
|
|
port contains a set of common conversions. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>&man.kernfs.5; is obsolete and has been retired.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">A bug in the NFS client that caused bogus access times with
|
|
<literal>O_EXCL|O_CREAT</literal> opens was
|
|
fixed. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">A new NFS hash function (based on the Fowler/Noll/Vo hash
|
|
algorithm) has been implemented to improve NFS performance by
|
|
increasing the efficiency of the <varname>nfsnode</varname>
|
|
hash tables. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>Client-side NFS locks have been implemented.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>The client-side and server-side of the NFS code in the
|
|
kernel used to be intertwined in various complex ways. They
|
|
have been split apart for ease of maintenance and further
|
|
development.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>Support for filesystem Access Control Lists (ACLs) has
|
|
been introduced, allowing more fine-grained control of
|
|
discretionary access control on files and directories. This
|
|
support was integrated from the TrustedBSD Project. More
|
|
details can be found in
|
|
<filename>/usr/src/sys/ufs/ufs/README.acls</filename>.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">The directory layout preference algorithm for FFS
|
|
(<literal>dirprefs</literal>) has been changed. Rather than
|
|
scattering directory blocks across a disk, it attempts to
|
|
group related directory blocks together. Operations
|
|
traversing large directory hierarchies, such as the &os; Ports
|
|
tree, have shown marked speedups. This change is transparent
|
|
and automatic for new directories. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para arch="i386,pc98" role="historic">smbfs (CIFS) support in kernel has been added.
|
|
The userland programs &man.smbutil.1; and &man.mount.smbfs.8;
|
|
can be used to work with SMB shares. Note that
|
|
&man.mount.smbfs.8; will automatically load the
|
|
<filename>smbfs.ko</filename> module into the kernel, even if
|
|
<literal>LIBMCHAIN</literal> and
|
|
<literal>LIBICONV</literal> were not compiled into the kernel.
|
|
&merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>For consistency, the fdesc, fifo, null, msdos, portal,
|
|
umap, and union filesystems have been renamed to fdescfs,
|
|
fifofs, msdosfs, nullfs, portalfs, umapfs, and unionfs. Where
|
|
applicable, modules and mount_* programs have been renamed.
|
|
Compatibility <quote>glue</quote> has been added to
|
|
&man.mount.8; so that <literal>msdos</literal> filesystem
|
|
entries in &man.fstab.5; will work without changes.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>pseudofs, a pseudo-filesystem framework, has been added.
|
|
&man.linprocfs.5; and &man.procfs.5; have been modified to use
|
|
pseudofs.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">A simple hash-based lookup optimization for large
|
|
directories called <literal>dirhash</literal> has been added.
|
|
Conditional on the
|
|
<literal>UFS_DIRHASH</literal> kernel option (enabled by
|
|
default in the <filename>GENERIC</filename> kernel), it
|
|
improves the speed of operations on very large directories at
|
|
the expense of some memory. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">The virtual memory subsystem now backs UFS directory
|
|
memory requirements by default (this behavior is controlled
|
|
via the <varname>vfs.vmiodirenable</varname> sysctl
|
|
variable). &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">A bug that prevented the root filesystem from being
|
|
mounted from a SCSI CDROM has been fixed (ATAPI CDROMs were
|
|
always supported). &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">A number of bugs in the filesystem code, discovered
|
|
through the use of the <application>fsx</application>
|
|
filesystem test tool, have been fixed. Under certain
|
|
circumstances (primarily related to use of NFS), these bugs
|
|
could cause data corruption or kernel panics. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>Network filesystems (such as NFS and smbfs filesystems)
|
|
listed in <filename>/etc/fstab</filename> can now be properly
|
|
mounted during startup initialization; their mounts are
|
|
deferred until after the network is initialized.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>Read-only support for the Universal Disk Format (UDF) has
|
|
been added. This format is used on packet-written CD-RWs and
|
|
most commercial DVD-Video disks. The &man.mount.udf.8;
|
|
command can be used to mount these disks.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>Basic support has been added for the UFS2 filesystem.
|
|
Among its features:
|
|
|
|
<itemizedlist>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>The inode has been expanded to 256 bytes to make
|
|
space for 64-bit block pointers.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>A file-creation time field has been added.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>A native extended attributes implementation has been
|
|
added, permitting total attribute size stored on an inode
|
|
to be up to twice the filesystem block size. This storage
|
|
is used for Access Control Lists and MAC labels, but may
|
|
also be used by other system extensions and user
|
|
applications.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</itemizedlist>
|
|
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
</sect3>
|
|
|
|
<sect3>
|
|
<title>PCCARD Support</title>
|
|
|
|
<para arch="i386,pc98" role="historic">The pccard driver and &man.pccardc.8; now
|
|
support multiple <quote>beep types</quote> upon card insertion
|
|
and removal. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">On many modern hosts, PCCARD devices can be configured to
|
|
route their interrupts via either the ISA or PCI interrupt
|
|
paths. The &man.pcic.4; driver has been updated to support
|
|
both interrupt paths (formerly, only routing via ISA was
|
|
supported). &merged; In most cases, configuration of PCMCIA
|
|
devices in laptops is simpler and more flexible. In addition,
|
|
various Cardbus bridge PCI cards (such as those used by
|
|
Orinoco PCI NICs) are now supported. Some hosts may
|
|
experience problems, such as hangs or panics, with PCI
|
|
interrupt routing; they can frequently be made to work by
|
|
forcing the older-style ISA interrupt routing. The following
|
|
lines, placed in <filename>/boot/loader.conf</filename>, may
|
|
fix the problem:</para>
|
|
|
|
<programlisting role="historic">hw.pcic.intr_path="1"
|
|
hw.pcic.irq="0"</programlisting>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">When installing &os; on such a system, typing the
|
|
following lines to the boot loader may be helpful in starting
|
|
up &os; for the first time:<para>
|
|
|
|
<screen role="historic"><prompt>ok</prompt> <userinput>set hw.pcic.intr_path="1"</userinput>
|
|
<prompt>ok</prompt> <userinput>set hw.pcic.irq="0"</userinput></screen>
|
|
|
|
<para arch="i386">Preliminary Cardbus support under NEWCARD has
|
|
been added. This code supports the TI113X, TI12XX, TI125X,
|
|
Ricoh 5C46/5C47, Topic 95/97/100 and Cirrus Logic PD683X
|
|
bridges. 16-bit PC Card support is not yet functional.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para arch="i386">NEWCARD is now the default pccard/cardbus
|
|
system in the <filename>GENERIC</filename> kernel.</para>
|
|
|
|
</sect3>
|
|
|
|
<sect3>
|
|
<title>Multimedia Support</title>
|
|
|
|
<para arch="i386" role="historic">The &man.pcm.4; driver now supports the ESS
|
|
Solo 1, Maestro-1, Maestro-2, and Maestro-2e; Forte Media
|
|
fm801, ESS Maestro-2e, and VIA Technologies VT82C686A sound
|
|
card/chipsets, and has received some other updates. Separate
|
|
drivers for the SoundBlaster 8 and SoundBlaster 16 now replace
|
|
an older, unified driver. A driver for the CMedia
|
|
CMI8338/CMI8738 sound chips has been added. A driver for the
|
|
CS4281 sound chip has been added. A driver for the S3
|
|
SonicVibes chipset has been added. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para arch="i386" role="historic">A driver for the Avance Logic ALS4000 has been
|
|
added. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para arch="i386" role="historic">A driver for the ESS Maestro-3/Allegro has
|
|
been added, however due to licensing restrictions, it cannot
|
|
be compiled into the kernel. &merged; To use this driver, add
|
|
the following line to
|
|
<filename>/boot/loader.conf</filename>:</para>
|
|
|
|
<programlisting role="historic">snd_maestro3_load="YES"</programlisting>
|
|
|
|
<para arch="i386">The VT8233 audio controller now has its own
|
|
driver to facilitate supporting all known revisions of the
|
|
hardware. It is loadable at boot time by adding
|
|
<literal>device pcm</literal> to the kernel configuration or
|
|
by adding <literal>snd_via8233="YES"</literal> to
|
|
<filename>/boot/loader.conf</filename>. Documentation to
|
|
support this work was provided by VIA. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">The &man.bktr.4; driver has been updated to 2.18. This
|
|
update provides a number of new features. New tuner types
|
|
have been added, and improvements to the KLD module and to
|
|
memory allocation have been made. Bugs in &man.devfs.5; when
|
|
unloading and reloading have been fixed. Support for new
|
|
Hauppauge Model 44xxx WinTV Cards (the ones with no audio mux)
|
|
has been added. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para arch="i386,pc98" role="historic">The ufm driver, supporting the D-Link DSB-R100
|
|
USB Radio, has been added. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">When sound modules are built, one can now load all the
|
|
drivers and infrastructure by <command>kldload
|
|
snd</command>. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>A new API has been added for sound cards with hardware
|
|
volume control.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para arch="i386" role="historic">A driver for the Intel 443MX, 810, 815, and
|
|
815E integrated sound devices has been added. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para arch="i386" role="historic">The via82c686 sound driver now supports the VIA
|
|
VT8233. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para arch="i386" role="historic">The ich sound driver now support the SiS
|
|
7012 chipset. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para arch="i386">The ich sound driver now provides rudimentary
|
|
support for ich4 audio support. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para arch="i386">Drivers have been added to support the Direct
|
|
Rendering Infrastructure, which can used to provide 3D
|
|
acceleration within <application>XFree86</application>. Video
|
|
cards supported include the 3Dlabs Oxygen GMX 2000 (gammadrm),
|
|
AGP Matrox G200/G400/G450/G550 (mgadrm), 3dfx Voodoo
|
|
3/4/5/Banshee (tdfxdrm), AGI ATI Rage 128 (r128drm), and AGP
|
|
ATI Radeon (radeondrm).</para>
|
|
|
|
</sect3>
|
|
|
|
<sect3>
|
|
<title>Contributed Software</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>The Forth Inspired Command Language
|
|
(<application>FICL</application>) used in the boot loader has
|
|
been updated to 3.02.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>Support for Advanced Configuration and Power Interface
|
|
(ACPI), a multi-vendor standard for configuration and power
|
|
management, has been added. This functionality has been
|
|
provided by the <application>Intel ACPI Component
|
|
Architecture</application> project, as of the ACPI CA 20020815
|
|
snapshot. Some backward compatability for applications using
|
|
the older APM standard has been provided.</para>
|
|
|
|
<sect4>
|
|
<title>IPFilter</title>
|
|
|
|
<para><application>IPFilter</application> has been updated to
|
|
3.4.29. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic"><application>IPFilter</application> now supports
|
|
IPv6. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
</sect4>
|
|
|
|
<sect4 arch="i386">
|
|
<title>isdn4bsd</title>
|
|
|
|
<para><application>isdn4bsd</application> has been updated to
|
|
version 1.0.2.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">The &man.ifpi.4; driver for supporting the AVM
|
|
Fritz!Card PCI controller has been added. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">The &man.ifpi2.4; driver for supporting the AVM
|
|
Fritz!Card PCI version 2 controller has been added. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">The &man.ihfc.4; driver for supporting Cologne Chip
|
|
Designs HFC devices under
|
|
<application>isdn4bsd</application> has been
|
|
added. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">The &man.itjc.4; driver for supporting NETjet-S / Teles
|
|
PCI-TJ devices under <application>isdn4bsd</application> has
|
|
been added. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">Experimental support for the Eicon.Diehl DIVA 2.0 and
|
|
2.02 ISA PnP ISDN cards has been added to the &man.isic.4;
|
|
<application>isdn4bsd</application> driver. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">The &man.isic.4; driver now supports the Compaq Microcom
|
|
610 ISDN ISA PnP card. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">Active CAPI-based ISDN cards manufactured by AVM are now
|
|
supported using the &man.i4bcapi.4; and the &man.iavc.4;
|
|
driver. The supported cards are the AVM B1 PCI and AVM B1
|
|
ISA Basic Rate cards and the AVM T1 Primary Rate
|
|
cards. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">A new <literal>maxconnecttime</literal> keyword is now
|
|
accepted in &man.isdnd.rc.5; files to limit the time a
|
|
connection may remain open. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">&man.isdnphone.8; now supports a <option>-k</option>
|
|
option for sending messages via the keypad facility to a PBX
|
|
or exchange office. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para><application>isdn4bsd</application> now supports Q.931
|
|
subaddressing.</para>
|
|
|
|
</sect4>
|
|
|
|
<sect4 id="kame-kernel">
|
|
<title>KAME</title>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">The IPv6 stack is now based on a snapshot based on the
|
|
KAME Project's IPv6 snapshot as of 28 May, 2001. Most of
|
|
the items listed in this section are a result of this
|
|
import. <xref linkend="kame-userland"> lists userland
|
|
updates to the KAME IPv6 stack. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">&man.gif.4; is now based on RFC 2893, rather than RFC
|
|
1933. The <literal>IFF_LINK2</literal> interface flag can
|
|
be used to control ingress filtering. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic"><application>IPsec</application> has received some
|
|
enhancements, including the ability to use the Rijndael and
|
|
SHA2 algorithms. IPsec RC5 support has been removed due to
|
|
patent issues. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">&man.stf.4; now conforms to RFC 3056; the
|
|
<literal>IFF_LINK2</literal> interface flag can be used to
|
|
control ingress filtering. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">IPv6 has better checking of illegal addresses (such as
|
|
loopback addresses) on physical networks. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">The <varname>IPV6_V6ONLY</varname> socket option is now
|
|
completely supported. The kernel's default behavior with
|
|
respect to this option is controlled by the
|
|
<varname>net.inet6.ip6.v6only</varname> sysctl
|
|
variable. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">RFC 3041 (Privacy Extensions for Stateless Address
|
|
Autoconfiguration) is now supported. It can be enabled via
|
|
the <varname>net.inet6.ip6.use_tempaddr</varname> sysctl
|
|
variable. &merged;</para>
|
|
</sect4>
|
|
</sect3>
|
|
</sect2>
|
|
|
|
<sect2 id="security">
|
|
<title>Security-Related Changes</title>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">&man.sysinstall.8; now allows the user to select one of two
|
|
<quote>security profiles</quote> at install-time. These
|
|
profiles enable different levels of system security by enabling
|
|
or disabling various system services in &man.rc.conf.5; on new
|
|
installs. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">A bug in which malformed ELF executable images can hang the
|
|
system has been fixed (see security advisory
|
|
FreeBSD-SA-00:41). &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">A security hole in Linux emulation was fixed (see security
|
|
advisory FreeBSD-SA-00:42). &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">String-handling library calls in many programs were fixed to
|
|
reduce the possibility of buffer overflow-related exploits.
|
|
&merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">TCP now uses stronger randomness in choosing its initial
|
|
sequence numbers (see security advisory
|
|
FreeBSD-SA-00:52). &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">Several buffer overflows in &man.tcpdump.1; were corrected
|
|
(see security advisory FreeBSD-SA-00:61). &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">A security hole in &man.top.1; was corrected (see security
|
|
advisory FreeBSD-SA-00:62). &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">A potential security hole caused by an off-by-one-error in
|
|
&man.gethostbyname.3; has been fixed (see security advisory
|
|
FreeBSD-SA-00:63). &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">A potential buffer overflow in the &man.ncurses.3; library,
|
|
which could cause arbitrary code to be run from within
|
|
&man.systat.1;, has been corrected (see security advisory
|
|
FreeBSD-SA-00:68). &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">A vulnerability in &man.telnetd.8; that could cause it to
|
|
consume large amounts of server resources has been fixed (see
|
|
security advisory FreeBSD-SA-00:69). &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">The <literal>nat deny_incoming</literal> command in
|
|
&man.ppp.8; now works correctly (see security advisory
|
|
FreeBSD-SA-00:70). &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">A vulnerability in &man.csh.1;/&man.tcsh.1; temporary files
|
|
that could allow overwriting of arbitrary user-writable files
|
|
has been closed (see security advisory
|
|
FreeBSD-SA-00:76). &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">The &man.ssh.1; binary is no longer SUID root by
|
|
default. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">Some fixes were applied to the Kerberos IV implementation
|
|
related to environment variables, a possible buffer overrun, and
|
|
overwriting ticket files. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">&man.telnet.1; now does a better job of sanitizing its
|
|
environment. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">Several vulnerabilities in &man.procfs.5; were fixed (see
|
|
security advisory FreeBSD-SA-00:77). &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">A bug in <application>OpenSSH</application> in which a
|
|
server was unable to disable &man.ssh-agent.1; or
|
|
<literal>X11Forwarding</literal> was fixed (see security
|
|
advisory FreeBSD-SA-01:01). &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">A bug in &man.ipfw.8; and &man.ip6fw.8; in which inbound TCP
|
|
segments could incorrectly be treated as being part of an
|
|
<literal>established</literal> connection has been fixed (see
|
|
security advisory FreeBSD-SA-01:08). &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">A bug in &man.crontab.1; that could allow users to read any
|
|
file on the system in valid &man.crontab.5; syntax has been
|
|
fixed (see security advisory FreeBSD-SA-01:09). &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">A vulnerability in &man.inetd.8; that could allow
|
|
read-access to the initial 16 bytes of
|
|
<groupname>wheel</groupname>-accessible files has been fixed
|
|
(see security advisory FreeBSD-SA-01:11). &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">A bug in &man.periodic.8; that used insecure temporary files
|
|
has been corrected (see security advisory
|
|
FreeBSD-SA-01:12). &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic"><application>OpenSSH</application> now has code to prevent
|
|
(instead of just mitigating through connection limits) an attack
|
|
that can lead to guessing the server key (not host key) by
|
|
regenerating the server key when an RSA failure is detected (see
|
|
security advisory FreeBSD-SA-01:24). &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">A number of programs have had output formatting strings
|
|
corrected so as to reduce the risk of
|
|
vulnerabilities. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">A number of programs that use temporary files now do so more
|
|
securely. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">A bug in ICMP that could cause an attacker to disrupt TCP and UDP
|
|
<quote>sessions</quote> has been corrected. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">A bug in &man.timed.8;, which caused it to crash if send
|
|
certain malformed packets, has been corrected (see security
|
|
advisory FreeBSD-SA-01:28). &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">A bug in &man.rwhod.8;, which caused it to crash if send
|
|
certain malformed packets, has been corrected (see security
|
|
advisory FreeBSD-SA-01:29). &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">A security hole in &os;'s FFS and EXT2FS implementations,
|
|
which allowed a race condition that could cause users to have
|
|
unauthorized access to data, has been fixed (see security
|
|
advisory FreeBSD-SA-01:30). &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">A remotely-exploitable vulnerability in &man.ntpd.8; has
|
|
been closed (see security advisory
|
|
FreeBSD-SA-01:31). &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">A security hole in <application>IPFilter</application>'s
|
|
fragment cache has been closed (see security advisory
|
|
FreeBSD-SA-01:32). &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">Buffer overflows in &man.glob.3;, which could cause
|
|
arbitrary code to be run on an FTP server, have been closed. In
|
|
addition, to prevent some forms of DOS attacks, &man.glob.3;
|
|
allows specification of a limit on the number of pathname
|
|
matches it will return. &man.ftpd.8; now uses this feature (see
|
|
security advisory FreeBSD-SA-01:33). &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">Initial sequence numbers in TCP are more thoroughly
|
|
randomized (see security advisory FreeBSD-SA-01:39). Due to
|
|
some possible compatibility issues, the behavior of this
|
|
security fix can be enabled or disabled via the
|
|
<varname>net.inet.tcp.tcp_seq_genscheme</varname> sysctl
|
|
variable.&merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">A vulnerability in the &man.fts.3; routines (used by
|
|
applications for recursively traversing a filesystem) could
|
|
allow a program to operate on files outside the intended
|
|
directory hierarchy. This bug has been fixed (see security
|
|
advisory FreeBSD-SA-01:40). &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic"><application>OpenSSH</application> now switches to the
|
|
user's UID before attempting to unlink the authentication
|
|
forwarding file, nullifying the effects of a race.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">A flaw allowed some signal handlers to remain in effect in a
|
|
child process after being exec-ed from its parent. This allowed
|
|
an attacker to execute arbitrary code in the context of a setuid
|
|
binary. This flaw has been corrected (see security advisory
|
|
FreeBSD-SA-01:42). &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">A remote buffer overflow in &man.tcpdump.1; has been fixed
|
|
(see security advisory FreeBSD-SA-01:48). &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">A remote buffer overflow in &man.telnetd.8; has been fixed
|
|
(see security advisory FreeBSD-SA-01:49). &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">The new <varname>net.inet.ip.maxfragpackets</varname> and
|
|
<varname>net.inet.ip6.maxfragpackets</varname> sysctl variables
|
|
limit the amount of memory that can be consumed by IPv4 and IPv6
|
|
packet fragments, which defends against some denial of service
|
|
attacks (see security advisory
|
|
FreeBSD-SA-01:52). &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">All services in <filename>inetd.conf</filename> are now
|
|
disabled by default for new installations. &man.sysinstall.8;
|
|
gives the option of enabling or disabling &man.inetd.8; on new
|
|
installations, as well as editing
|
|
<filename>inetd.conf</filename>. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">A flaw in the implementation of the &man.ipfw.8;
|
|
<literal>me</literal> rules on point-to-point links has been
|
|
corrected. Formerly, <literal>me</literal> filter rules would
|
|
match the remote IP address of a point-to-point interface in
|
|
addition to the intended local IP address (see security advisory
|
|
FreeBSD-SA-01:53). &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">A vulnerability in &man.procfs.5;, which could allow a
|
|
process to read sensitive information from another process's
|
|
memory space, has been closed (see security advisory
|
|
FreeBSD-SA-01:55). &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">The <literal>PARANOID</literal> hostname checking in
|
|
<application>tcp_wrappers</application> now works as advertised
|
|
(see security advisory FreeBSD-SA-01:56). &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">A local root exploit in &man.sendmail.8; has been closed
|
|
(see security advisory FreeBSD-SA-01:57). &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">A remote root vulnerability in &man.lpd.8; has been closed
|
|
(see security advisory FreeBSD-SA-01:58). &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">A race condition in &man.rmuser.8; that briefly exposed a
|
|
world-readable <filename>/etc/master.passwd</filename> has been
|
|
fixed (see security advisory FreeBSD-SA-01:59). &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">A vulnerability in <application>UUCP</application> has been
|
|
closed (see security advisory FreeBSD-SA-01:62). All
|
|
non-<username>root</username>-owned binaries in standard system
|
|
paths now have the <literal>schg</literal> flag set to prevent
|
|
exploit vectors when run by &man.cron.8;, by
|
|
<username>root</username>, or by a user other then the one owning
|
|
the binary. In addition, &man.uustat.1; is now run via
|
|
<filename>/etc/periodic/daily/410.status-uucp</filename> as
|
|
<username>uucp</username>, not <username>root</username>. In
|
|
&os; -CURRENT, <application>UUCP</application> has since been
|
|
moved to the Ports Collection and no longer a part of the base
|
|
system. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">A security hole in the form of a buffer overflow in the
|
|
&man.semop.2; system call has been closed. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">A security hole in <application>OpenSSH</application>, which
|
|
could allow users to execute code with arbitrary privileges if
|
|
<literal>UseLogin yes</literal> was set, has been closed. Note
|
|
that the default value of this setting is
|
|
<literal>UseLogin no</literal>. (See security advisory
|
|
FreeBSD-SA-01:63.) &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">The use of an insecure temporary directory by
|
|
&man.pkg.add.1; could permit a local attacker to modify the
|
|
contents of binary packages while they were being installed.
|
|
This hole has been closed. (See security advisory
|
|
FreeBSD-SA-02:01.) &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">A race condition in &man.pw.8;, which could expose the
|
|
contents of <filename>/etc/master.passwd</filename>, has been
|
|
eliminated. (See security advisory FreeBSD-SA-02:02.)
|
|
&merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">A bug in &man.k5su.8; could have allowed a process that had
|
|
given up superuser privileges to regain them. This bug has been
|
|
fixed. (See security advisory FreeBSD-SA-02:07.)
|
|
&merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">An <quote>off-by-one</quote> bug has been fixed in
|
|
<application>OpenSSH</application>'s multiplexing code. This bug
|
|
could have allowed an authenticated remote user to cause
|
|
&man.sshd.8; to execute arbitrary code with superuser
|
|
privileges, or allowed a malicious SSH server to execute arbitrary
|
|
code on the client system with the privileges of the client user. (See security
|
|
advisory FreeBSD-SA-02:13.)
|
|
&merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">A programming error in <application>zlib</application> could
|
|
result in attempts to free memory multiple times. The
|
|
&man.malloc.3;/&man.free.3; routines used in &os; are not
|
|
vulnerable to this error, but applications receiving
|
|
specially-crafted blocks of invalid compressed data could
|
|
be made to function incorrectly or abort. This
|
|
<application>zlib</application> bug has been fixed. For a
|
|
workaround and solutions, see security advisory FreeBSD-SA-02:18.
|
|
&merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">Bugs in the TCP SYN cache (<quote>syncache</quote>) and SYN
|
|
cookie (<quote>syncookie</quote>) implementations, which could
|
|
cause legitimate TCP/IP traffic to crash a machine, have been
|
|
fixed. For a workaround and patches, see security advisory
|
|
FreeBSD-SA-02:20.
|
|
&merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">A routing table memory leak, which could allow a remote
|
|
attacker to exhaust the memory of a target machine, has been
|
|
fixed. A workaround and patches can be found in security
|
|
advisory FreeBSD-SA-02:21.
|
|
&merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">A bug with memory-mapped I/O, which could cause a system
|
|
crash, has been fixed. For more information about a solution,
|
|
see security advisory
|
|
FreeBSD-SA-02:22.
|
|
&merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">A security hole, in which SUID programs could be made to
|
|
read from or write to inappropriate files through manipulation
|
|
of their standard I/O file descriptors, has been fixed.
|
|
Information regarding a solution can be found in security
|
|
advisory
|
|
FreeBSD-SA-02:23.
|
|
&merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">Some unexpected behavior could be allowed with &man.k5su.8;
|
|
because it does not require that an invoking user be a member of
|
|
the <groupname>wheel</groupname> group when attempting to become
|
|
the superuser (this is the case with &man.su.1;). To avoid this
|
|
situation, &man.k5su.8; is now installed non-SUID by default
|
|
(effectively disabling it). More information can be found in
|
|
security advisory
|
|
FreeBSD-SA-02:24.
|
|
&merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">Multiple vulnerabilities were found in the &man.bzip2.1;
|
|
utility, which could allow files to be overwritten without
|
|
warning or allow local users unintended access to files. These
|
|
problems have been corrected with a new import of
|
|
<application>bzip2</application>. For more information, see
|
|
security advisory
|
|
FreeBSD-SA-02:25.
|
|
&merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">A bug has been fixed in the implementation of the TCP SYN
|
|
cache (<quote>syncache</quote>), which could allow a remote
|
|
attacker to deny access to a service when accept filters
|
|
(see &man.accept.filter.9;) were in use. This bug has been
|
|
fixed; for more information, see security advisory
|
|
FreeBSD-SA-02:26.
|
|
&merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">Due to a bug in &man.rc.8;'s use of shell globbing, users
|
|
may be able to remove the contents of arbitrary files if
|
|
<filename>/tmp/.X11-unix</filename> does not exist and the
|
|
system can be made to reboot. This bug has been corrected (see
|
|
security advisory
|
|
FreeBSD-SA-02:27.
|
|
&merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>A buffer overflow in the resolver, which could be exploited
|
|
by a malicious domain name server or an attacker forging DNS
|
|
messages, has been fixed. See security advisory <ulink
|
|
url="ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/CERT/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-02:28.resolv.asc">FreeBSD-SA-02:28</ulink>
|
|
for more details. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>A buffer overflow in &man.tcpdump.1;, which could be triggered by
|
|
badly-formed NFS packets, has been fixed. See security advisory
|
|
<ulink
|
|
url="ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/CERT/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-02:29.tcpdump.asc">FreeBSD-SA-02:29</ulink>
|
|
for more details. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>&man.ktrace.1; can no longer trace the operation of formerly
|
|
privileged processes; this prevents the leakage of sensitive
|
|
information that the process could have obtained before
|
|
abandoning its privileges. For a discussion of this issue, see
|
|
security advisory
|
|
<ulink
|
|
url="ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/CERT/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-02:30.ktrace.asc">FreeBSD-SA-02:30</ulink>
|
|
for more details. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>A race condition in &man.pppd.8;, which could be used to
|
|
change the permissions of an arbitrary file, has been corrected.
|
|
For more information, see security advisory <ulink
|
|
url="ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/CERT/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-02:32.pppd.asc">FreeBSD-SA-02:32</ulink>.
|
|
&merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>Multiple buffer overflows in
|
|
<application>OpenSSL</application> have been corrected, by way
|
|
of an upgrade to the base system version of
|
|
<application>OpenSSL</application>. More details can be found
|
|
in security advisory <ulink
|
|
url="ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/CERT/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-02:33.openssl.asc">FreeBSD-SA-02:33</ulink>.
|
|
&merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>A heap buffer overflow in the XDR decoder has been fixed.
|
|
For more details, see security advisory <ulink
|
|
url="ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/CERT/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-02:34.rpc.asc">FreeBSD-SA-02:34</ulink>.
|
|
&merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>A bug that could allow local users to read and write
|
|
arbitrary blocks on an FFS filesystem has been corrected. More
|
|
details can be found in security advisory <ulink
|
|
url="ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/CERT/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-02:35.ffs.asc">FreeBSD-SA-02:35</ulink>.
|
|
&merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>A bug in the NFS server code, which could allow a remote
|
|
denial of service attack, has been fixed. Security advisory <ulink
|
|
url="ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/CERT/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-02:36.nfs.asc">FreeBSD-SA-02:36</ulink>
|
|
has more details. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>A bug that could allow local users to panic a system using
|
|
the &man.kqueue.2; mechanism has been fixed. More information
|
|
is contained in security advisory <ulink
|
|
url="ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/CERT/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-02:37.kqueue.asc">FreeBSD-SA-02:37</ulink>.
|
|
&merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>Several bounds-checking bugs in system calls, which could
|
|
result in some system calls returning a large portion of kernel
|
|
memory, have been fixed. More information can be found in
|
|
security advisory <ulink
|
|
url="ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/CERT/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-02:38.signed-error.asc">FreeBSD-SA-02:38</ulink>.
|
|
&merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>A bug that could allow applications using
|
|
<filename>libkvm</filename> to leak sensitive file descriptors
|
|
has been corrected. (See security advisory <ulink
|
|
url="ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/CERT/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-02:39.libkvm.asc">FreeBSD-SA-02:39</ulink>
|
|
for more details.)
|
|
&merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>Buffer overflows in kadmind(8) and k5admin have been
|
|
corrected. More details can be found in security advisory <ulink
|
|
url="ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/CERT/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-02:40.kadmind.asc">FreeBSD-SA-02:40</ulink>.
|
|
&merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>Errors in &man.smrsh.8;, which could allow users to circumvent
|
|
restrictions on what programs can be executed, have been fixed.
|
|
See <ulink
|
|
url="ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/CERT/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-02:41.smrsh.asc">FreeBSD-SA-02:41</ulink>
|
|
for details.
|
|
&merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>Buffer overflows in the DNS &man.resolver.3;, which could
|
|
cause some applications to fail, have been corrected. More
|
|
details are in <ulink
|
|
url="ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/CERT/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-02:42.resolv.asc">FreeBSD-SA-02:42</ulink>.
|
|
&merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>Multiple vulnerabilities in <application>BIND</application>
|
|
have been fixed, as described in <ulink
|
|
url="ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/CERT/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-02:43.bind.asc">FreeBSD-SA-02:43</ulink>.
|
|
&merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
</sect2>
|
|
|
|
<sect2 id="userland">
|
|
<title>Userland Changes</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>Support for &man.a.out.5; format executables in the compiler
|
|
toolchain has been largely removed.
|
|
<note>
|
|
<para>This is a work in progress. Eventually, &man.a.out.5;
|
|
support will resurface in a series of ports/packages.</para>
|
|
</note>
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">If the first argument to &man.ancontrol.8; or
|
|
&man.wicontrol.8; doesn't start with a <literal>-</literal>, it
|
|
is assumed to be an interface. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">&man.apmd.8; now has the ability to monitor battery levels
|
|
and execute commands based on percentage or minutes of battery
|
|
life remaining via the <literal>apm_battery</literal>
|
|
configuration directive. See the commented-out examples in
|
|
<filename>/etc/apmd.conf</filename> for the
|
|
syntax. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">&man.arp.8; now prints the applicable interface name for
|
|
each ARP entry. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>&man.arp.8; now prints <literal>[fddi]</literal> or
|
|
<literal>[atm]</literal> tags for addresses on interfaces of
|
|
those types.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>The &man.asa.1; utility, to interpret FORTRAN
|
|
carriage-control characters, has been added.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>&man.at.1; now supports the <option>-r</option> command-line
|
|
option to remove jobs and the <option>-t</option> option to
|
|
specify times in POSIX time format.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">&man.atacontrol.8; has been added to control various aspects
|
|
of the &man.ata.4; driver. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>The system &man.awk.1; now refers to
|
|
<application>BWK awk</application>.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>&man.basename.1; now accept <option>-a</option> and
|
|
<option>-s</option> flags, which allow it to perform the
|
|
&man.basename.3; function on multiple files.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>&man.biff.1; now accepts a <option>b</option> argument to
|
|
enable <quote>bell notification</quote> of new mail (which does
|
|
not disturb the terminal contents as <command>biff y</command>
|
|
would). &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>&man.biff.1; now uses the first terminal associated with the
|
|
standard input, standard output or standard error file
|
|
descriptor, in that order. Thus, it is possible to use the
|
|
redirection facilities of a shell (<command>biff n <
|
|
/dev/ttyp1</command>) to toggle the notification for other
|
|
terminals.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para arch="pc98" role="historic">&man.boot98cfg.8;, a PC-98 boot manager
|
|
installation and configuration utility, has been
|
|
added. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">&man.burncd.8; now supports a <option>-m</option> option for
|
|
multisession mode (the default behavior now is to close disks as
|
|
single-session). A <option>-l</option> option to take a list of
|
|
image files from a filename was also added;
|
|
<filename>-</filename> can be used as a filename for
|
|
<literal>stdin</literal>. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>&man.burncd.8; now supports Disk At Once (DAO) mode,
|
|
selectable via the <option>-d</option> flag. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>&man.burncd.8; now has the ability to write VCDs/SVCDs. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>&man.burncd.8; now accepts a value of <literal>max</literal>
|
|
for its <option>-s</option> option to set the drive's maximum
|
|
write speed.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>&man.bzgrep.1;, &man.bzegrep.1;, and &man.bzfgrep.1;
|
|
have been added to perform &man.grep.1;-type operations on
|
|
&man.bzip2.1;-compressed files.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">&man.c89.1; has been converted from a shell script to a
|
|
binary executable, fixing some minor bugs. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>&man.calendar.1; now takes a <option>-W</option> option,
|
|
which operates similar to <option>-A</option> but without
|
|
special treatment at weekends, and a <option>-F</option> option
|
|
to change the notion of <quote>Friday</quote>.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para arch="i386,pc98" role="historic">A minimalized version of &man.camcontrol.8; is
|
|
now available on the installation floppy. This allows it to
|
|
rescan for devices that have been connected after booting, or to
|
|
show the devices attached to SCSI busses (e. g. from within the
|
|
<quote>emergency holographic shell</quote>). &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">&man.cat.1; now has the ability to read from UNIX-domain
|
|
sockets. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>&man.catman.1; is now a C program, instead of a
|
|
Perl script.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">&man.cdcontrol.1; now supports a <literal>cdid</literal>
|
|
command, which calculates and displays the CD serial number,
|
|
using the same algorithm used by the CDDB
|
|
database. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">&man.cdcontrol.1; now uses the <envar>CDROM</envar>
|
|
environment variable to pick a default device. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">&man.cdcontrol.1; now supports <literal>next</literal> and
|
|
<literal>prev</literal> commands to skip forwards or backwards a
|
|
specified number of tracks while playing an audio
|
|
CD. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>&man.cdcontrol.1; now supports a
|
|
<literal>speed</literal> command to set the maximum speed to be
|
|
used by the drive (the maximum possible speed can be selected
|
|
setting the speed to <literal>max</literal>).</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>A &man.check.utility.compat.3; library function has been
|
|
added to <filename>libc</filename>, to determine
|
|
whether certain &os; base system utilities should behave in &os; 4-compatible mode
|
|
or in a <quote>standard</quote> mode (default standard). The
|
|
configuration is done &man.malloc.3;-style, with either an
|
|
environment variable or a symbolic link.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>&man.chflags.1; has moved from <filename>/usr/bin</filename>
|
|
to <filename>/bin</filename>.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">&man.chio.1; now has the ability to specify elements by
|
|
volume tag instead of by their physical location as well as the
|
|
ability to return an element to its previous
|
|
location. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>&man.chmod.1; now supports a <option>-h</option> for
|
|
changing the mode of a symbolic link.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>&man.chmod.1; now also, when the mode is modified, prints
|
|
the old and new modes if the <option>-v</option> option is
|
|
specified more than once.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">&man.chown.8; now correctly follows symbolic links named as
|
|
command line arguments if run without
|
|
<option>-R</option>. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>&man.chown.8; no longer takes <literal>.</literal> as a
|
|
user/group delimeter. This change was made to support usernames
|
|
containing a <literal>.</literal> character.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>Use of the <literal>CSMG_*</literal> macros no longer
|
|
require inclusion of
|
|
<filename><sys/param.h></filename></para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">&man.col.1; now takes a <option>-p</option> flag to force
|
|
unknown control sequences to be passed through
|
|
unchanged. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">The <filename>compat3x</filename> distribution has been
|
|
updated to include libraries present in &os;
|
|
3.5.1-RELEASE. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>A <filename>compat4x</filename> distribution has been added
|
|
for compatibility with &os; 4-STABLE.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">&man.config.8; is now better about converting various
|
|
warnings that should have been errors into actual fatal errors
|
|
with an exit code. This ensures that <literal>make
|
|
buildkernel</literal> doesn't quietly ignore them and build a
|
|
bogus kernel without a human to read the errors. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">A number of buffer overflows in &man.config.8; have been
|
|
fixed. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>&man.cp.1; now takes a (nonstandard) <option>-n</option>
|
|
option to automatically answer <quote>no</quote> when it would
|
|
ask to overwrite a file. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>A new &man.csplit.1; utility, which splits files based on
|
|
context, has been added.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">&man.ctags.1; no longer creates a corrupt tags file if the
|
|
source file used <literal>//</literal> (C++-style)
|
|
comments. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>&man.ctags.1; now creates tags for typedefs, structs,
|
|
unions, and enums by default (implying the <option>-t</option>
|
|
option). The new <option>-T</option> reverts to the old
|
|
behavior.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>The &man.daemon.8; program, a command-line interface to
|
|
&man.daemon.3;, has been added. It detaches itself from its
|
|
controlling terminal and executes a program specified on the
|
|
command line. This allows the user to run an arbitrary program
|
|
as if it were written to be a daemon. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>The &man.devd.8; utility, a userland daemon that can run
|
|
arbitrary commands when devices come and go in the device tree,
|
|
has been added. This program is a generalization of some of the
|
|
functionality of &man.pccardd.8;.
|
|
|
|
<note>
|
|
<para>&man.devd.8; is a work in progress.</para>
|
|
</note>
|
|
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>&man.devinfo.8;, a simple tool to print the device tree and resource
|
|
usage by devices, has been added.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">&man.df.1; now takes a <option>-l</option> option to only
|
|
display information about locally-mounted
|
|
filesystems. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">&man.disklabel.8; now supports partition sizes expressed in
|
|
kilobytes, megabytes, or gigabytes, in addition to
|
|
sectors. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>diskpart(8) has been declared obsolete, and has been
|
|
removed.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">&man.dmesg.8; now has a <option>-a</option> option to show
|
|
the entire message buffer, including &man.syslogd.8; records and
|
|
<filename>/dev/console</filename> output. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">&man.du.1; now takes a <option>-I</option> command-line flag
|
|
to ignore/skip files and subdirectories matching a specified
|
|
shell-glob mask. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">&man.dump.8; now supports inheritance of the
|
|
<literal>nodump</literal> flag down a hierarchy. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">The <option>-T</option> option to &man.dump.8; no longer
|
|
swallows an extra argument. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">&man.dump.8; has a new <option>-D</option> option, allowing
|
|
the path to the <filename>/etc/dumpdates</filename> file to be
|
|
changed. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">&man.dump.8; now supplies progress information in its
|
|
process title, useful for monitoring automated
|
|
backups. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>&man.dump.8; now supports a new <option>-S</option> flag to allow
|
|
it to just print out the dump size estimates and exit. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">&man.edquota.8; now takes a <option>-f</option> option to
|
|
allow limiting the prototype quota distribution (specified with
|
|
<option>-p</option>) to a single filesystem. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic"><filename>/etc/rc.firewall</filename> and
|
|
<filename>/etc/rc.firewall6</filename> will no longer add their own
|
|
hardcoded rules in the cases of a rules file in the
|
|
<varname>firewall_type</varname> variable or a non-existent
|
|
firewall type. (The motivation for this change is to avoid
|
|
acting on assumptions about a site's firewall policies.) In
|
|
addition, the <literal>closed</literal> firewall type now works
|
|
as documented in the &man.rc.firewall.8; manual page. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">The functionality of <filename>/etc/security</filename> has
|
|
been been moved into a set of scripts under the &man.periodic.8;
|
|
framework, to make local customization easier and more
|
|
maintainable. These scripts now reside in
|
|
<filename>/etc/periodic/security/</filename>. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>&man.expr.1; is now compliant with POSIX.2-1992 (and thus
|
|
also with POSIX.1-2001). Some program depend on the old,
|
|
historic behavior and do not properly protect their arguments to
|
|
keep them from being misinterpreted as command-line options.
|
|
(the <filename role="package">devel/libtool</filename>
|
|
port/package, used by many GNU programs, is a notable example).
|
|
The old behavior can be requested by enabling compatibility mode
|
|
for &man.expr.1; as described in
|
|
&man.check.utility.compat.3;.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>&man.fbtab.5; now accepts glob matching patterns for target
|
|
devices, not just individual devices and directories.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para arch="i386,pc98">&man.fdisk.8; no longer attempts to search for a
|
|
device if none has been specified on the command line, but
|
|
instead tries to figure out the default device name from the
|
|
root device.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>&man.fdread.1;, a program to read data from floppy disks,
|
|
has been added. It is a counterpart to &man.fdwrite.1; and is
|
|
designed to provide a means of recovering at least some data
|
|
from bad media, and to obviate the need for a complex invocation of
|
|
&man.dd.1;.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">&man.find.1; now takes the <option>-empty</option> flag,
|
|
which returns true if a file or directory is
|
|
empty. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">&man.find.1; now takes the <option>-iname</option> and
|
|
<option>-ipath</option> primaries for case-insensitive matches,
|
|
and the <option>-regexp</option> and <option>-iregexp</option>
|
|
primaries for regular-expression matches. The
|
|
<option>-E</option> flag now enables extended regular
|
|
expressions. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">&man.find.1; now has the <option>-anewer</option>,
|
|
<option>-cnewer</option>, <option>-mnewer</option>,
|
|
<option>-okdir</option>, and <option>-newer[acm][acmt]</option>
|
|
primaries for comparisons of file timestamps. The latter
|
|
primaries can be specified with various units of
|
|
time. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">&man.finger.1; now has the ability to support fingering
|
|
aliases, via the &man.finger.conf.5; file. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>&man.finger.1; now has support for a
|
|
<filename>.pubkey</filename> file. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>&man.finger.1; now supports a <option>-g</option> flag to
|
|
restrict the printing of GECOS information to the user's full
|
|
name only. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>&man.finger.1; now supports the <option>-4</option> and
|
|
<option>-6</option> flags to specify an address family for
|
|
remote queries. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">&man.fmt.1; has been rewritten; the rewrite fixes a number
|
|
of bugs compared to its prior behavior. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">&man.fmtcheck.3;, a function for checking consistency of
|
|
format string arguments, has been added. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>&man.fold.1; now supports a <option>-b</option> flag to
|
|
break at byte positions and a <option>-s</option> flag to break at
|
|
word boundaries. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">&man.fsdb.8; now supports a <literal>blocks</literal>
|
|
command to list the blocks allocated by a particular
|
|
inode. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>&man.fsck.8; wrappers have been imported; this feature
|
|
provides infrastructure for &man.fsck.8; to work on different
|
|
types of filesystems (analogous to &man.mount.8;).</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>The behavior of &man.fsck.8; when dealing with various
|
|
passes (a la <filename>/etc/fstab</filename>) has been modified
|
|
to accommodate multiple-disk filesystems.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>&man.fsck.8; now has support for foreground
|
|
(<option>-F</option>) and background (<option>-B</option>)
|
|
checks. Traditionally, &man.fsck.8; is invoked before the
|
|
filesystems are mounted and all checks are done to completion at
|
|
that time. If background checking is available, &man.fsck.8; is
|
|
invoked twice. It is first invoked at the traditional time,
|
|
before the filesystems are mounted, with the <option>-F</option>
|
|
flag to do checking on all the filesystems that cannot do
|
|
background checking. It is then invoked a second time, after
|
|
the system has completed going multiuser, with the
|
|
<option>-B</option> flag to do checking on all the filesystems
|
|
that can do background checking. Unlike the foreground
|
|
checking, the background checking is started asynchronously so
|
|
that other system activity can proceed even on the filesystems
|
|
that are being checked. Boot-time enabling of this feature is
|
|
controlled by the
|
|
<varname>background_fsck</varname> option in &man.rc.conf.5;.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">Shortly after the receipt of a <literal>SIGINFO</literal>
|
|
signal (normally control-T from the controlling tty),
|
|
&man.fsck.ffs.8; will now output a line indicating the current
|
|
phase number and progress information relevant to the current
|
|
phase. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>&man.fsck.ffs.8; now supports background filesystem checks
|
|
to mounted FFS filesystems with the <option>-B</option> option
|
|
(softupdates must be enabled on these filesystems). The
|
|
<option>-F</option> flag now determines whether a specified
|
|
filesystem needs foreground checking.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">A new &man.fsck.msdosfs.8; utility has been added to check
|
|
the consistency of MS-DOS filesystems. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">&man.ftpd.8; now supports a <option>-r</option> flag for
|
|
read-only mode and a <option>-E</option> flag to disable
|
|
<literal>EPSV</literal>. It also has some fixes to reduce
|
|
information leakage and the ability to specify compile-time port
|
|
ranges. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>&man.ftpd.8; now supports the <option>-m</option> option
|
|
to permit guest users to modify existing files if allowed
|
|
by filesystem permissions.
|
|
In particular, this enables guest users to resume uploads.
|
|
&merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>&man.ftpd.8; now supports the <option>-M</option> option
|
|
to prevent guest users from creating directories.
|
|
&merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>&man.ftpd.8; now supports <option>-o</option> and
|
|
<option>-O</option> options to disable the
|
|
<literal>RETR</literal> command; the former for everybody, and
|
|
the latter only for guest users. Coupled with
|
|
<option>-A</option> and appropriate file permissions, these can
|
|
be used to create a relatively safe anonymous FTP drop box for
|
|
others to upload to. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>&man.ftpd.8; now supports the <option>-W</option> option
|
|
to disable logging FTP sessions to &man.wtmp.5;. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para arch="i386,pc98" role="historic">&man.gdb.1; now supports hardware
|
|
watchpoints (using the kernel's debug register + support that
|
|
has been introduced in &os; 4.0). &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>The &man.getconf.1; utility has been added. It prints the
|
|
values of POSIX or X/Open path or system configuration
|
|
variables. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">The &man.getprogname.3; and &man.setprogname.3; library
|
|
functions have been added to manipulate the name of the current
|
|
program. They are used by error-reporting routines to produce
|
|
consistent output. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>gifconfig(8) is obsolete and has been removed. Its
|
|
functionality is now handled by the <option>tunnel</option> and
|
|
<option>deletetunnel</option> commands of
|
|
&man.ifconfig.8;.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>&man.gprof.1; now has a <option>-K</option> option to enable
|
|
dynamic symbol resolution from the currently-running kernel.
|
|
With this change, properly-compiled KLD modules are now able to
|
|
be profiled.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para arch="ia64">The gpt tool for manipulating EFI GPT
|
|
partitions has been added.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">&man.growfs.8;, a utility for growing FFS filesystems, has
|
|
been added. &man.ffsinfo.8;, a utility for dump all the
|
|
meta-information of an existing filesystem, has also been
|
|
added. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">The &man.groups.1; and &man.whoami.1; shell scripts are now
|
|
unnecessary; their functionality has been completely folded into
|
|
&man.id.1;. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>The ibcs(8), linux(8), osf1(8), and
|
|
svr4(8) scripts, whose sole purpose was to load emulation
|
|
kernel modules, have been removed. The kernel module system
|
|
will automatically load them as needed to fulfill
|
|
dependencies.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">&man.indent.1; has gained some new formatting
|
|
options. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">&man.ifconfig.8; can set the link-layer address of
|
|
an interface using the <option>link</option> parameter.
|
|
&merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">&man.ifconfig.8; can now accept addresses in slash/CIDR
|
|
notation. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">&man.ifconfig.8; now has support for setting parameters for
|
|
IEEE 802.11 wireless network devices. &man.wi.4; and &man.an.4;
|
|
devices are supported, and partial support is provided for
|
|
&man.awi.4; devices. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">&man.ifconfig.8; no longer displays the list of supported
|
|
media by default. Instead it displays it when the
|
|
<option>-m</option> flag is given. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>&man.ifconfig.8; now has the ability to set promiscuous mode
|
|
on an interface, via the new <option>promisc</option>
|
|
flag. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>&man.ifconfig.8; now supports a <literal>monitor</literal>
|
|
interface flag, which blocks transmission of packets on that
|
|
interface. This feature is useful for monitoring network traffic
|
|
without interacting with the network in question.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">The syntax of &man.inetd.8;'s support for &man.faithd.8; is
|
|
now compatible with that of other BSDs. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">The <literal>ident</literal> protocol support in
|
|
&man.inetd.8; has been cleaned up and updated. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">&man.inetd.8; now has the ability to manage UNIX-domain
|
|
sockets. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>By default, &man.inetd.8; is no longer run by &man.rc.8; at
|
|
boot-time, although &man.sysinstall.8; gives the option of
|
|
enabling it during binary installations. &man.inetd.8; can also
|
|
be enabled by adding the following line to
|
|
<filename>/etc/rc.conf</filename>:</para>
|
|
|
|
<programlisting>inetd_enable="YES"</programlisting>
|
|
|
|
<para>&man.inetd.8; now has the capability for limiting the
|
|
maximum number of simultaneous invocations of each service from
|
|
a single IP address. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">&man.install.1; has a number of new features, including the
|
|
<option>-b</option> and <option>-B</option> options for backing up
|
|
existing target files and the <option>-S</option> option for
|
|
<quote>safe</quote> (atomic copy) operation. The
|
|
<option>-c</option> (copy) flag is now the default, and the
|
|
<option>-D</option> (debugging) flag has been withdrawn.
|
|
&man.install.1; now issues a warning if <option>-d</option>
|
|
(create directories) and <option>-C</option> (copy changed files
|
|
only) are used together. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">IP Filter is now supported by the &man.rc.conf.5; boot-time
|
|
configuration and initialization. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">&man.ipfstat.8; now supports the <option>-t</option> option
|
|
to turn on a &man.top.1;-like display. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">&man.ipfw.8; will now avoid the display of dynamic firewall
|
|
rules unless the <option>-d</option> flag is passed to it. The
|
|
<option>-e</option> option lists expired dynamic
|
|
rules. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">&man.ipfw.8; has a new feature (<literal>me</literal>) that
|
|
allows for packet matching on interfaces with
|
|
dynamically-changing IP addresses. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">&man.ipfw.8; has a new <literal>limit</literal> type of
|
|
firewall rule, which limits the number of sessions between
|
|
address pairs. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>&man.ipfw.8; filter rules can now match on the value of the
|
|
IPv4 precedence field.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">&man.ip6fw.8; now has the ability to use a preprocessor and
|
|
use the <option>-q</option> (quiet) flag when reading from a
|
|
file. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">&man.ispppcontrol.8; has been deleted, and its functionality
|
|
has been folded into &man.spppcontrol.8;. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">&man.k5su.8; is no longer installed SUID
|
|
<username>root</username> by default. Users requiring this
|
|
feature can either manually change the permissions on the
|
|
&man.k5su.8; executable or add
|
|
<literal>ENABLE_SUID_K5SU=yes</literal> to
|
|
<filename>/etc/make.conf</filename> before a source
|
|
upgrade. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>&man.kbdmap.1; and &man.vidfont.1; have been converted from
|
|
Perl to C.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">&man.kenv.1;, a command to dump the kernel environment, has
|
|
been added. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>&man.kenv.1; now has the ability to set or delete kernel
|
|
environment variables.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">&man.keyinfo.1; is now a C program, rather than a Perl
|
|
script. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>The kget(8) utility has been removed (it was only
|
|
useful for UserConfig, which is not present in &os;
|
|
&release.current;).</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">&man.killall.1; is now a C program, rather than a Perl
|
|
script. As a result, its <option>-m</option> option now uses
|
|
the regular expression syntax of &man.regex.3;, rather than that
|
|
of Perl. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>&man.killall.1; no longer tries to kill zombie processes
|
|
unless the <option>-z</option> flag is specified.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">The &man.kldconfig.8; utility has been added to make it
|
|
easier to manipulate the kernel module search
|
|
path. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>&man.ktrdump.8;, a utility to dump the ktr trace buffer from
|
|
userland, has been added.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">&man.last.1; now implements a <option>-d</option> that
|
|
provides a <quote>snapshot</quote> of who was logged in at a
|
|
particular date and time. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">&man.last.1; now supports a <option>-y</option> flag, which
|
|
causes the year to be included in the session start time. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">The &man.lastlogin.8; utility, which prints the last login
|
|
time of each user, has been imported from
|
|
NetBSD. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">&man.ldconfig.8; now checks directory ownerships and
|
|
permissions for greater security; these checks can be disabled
|
|
with the <option>-i</option> flag. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">&man.ldd.1; can now be used on shared libraries, in addition
|
|
to executables. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>&man.ldd.1; now supports a <option>-a</option> flag to list
|
|
all the objects that are needed by each loaded object.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para><filename>libc</filename> is now thread-safe by default;
|
|
<filename>libc_r</filename> contains only thread
|
|
functions.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic"><filename>libcrypt</filename> and
|
|
<filename>libdescrypt</filename> have been unified to provide a
|
|
configurable password authentication hash library. Both the md5
|
|
and des hash methods are provided unless the des hash is
|
|
specifically compiled out. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic"><filename>libcrypt</filename> now has support for Blowfish
|
|
password hashing. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para arch="i386" role="historic"><filename>libdisk</filename> can now do
|
|
install-time configuration of the <filename>boot0</filename>
|
|
boot loader. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic"><filename>libstand</filename> now has support for
|
|
filesystems containing
|
|
<application>bzip2</application>-compressed
|
|
files. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para><filename>libstand</filename> now has support for
|
|
overwriting the contents of a file on a UFS filesystem (it
|
|
cannot expand or truncate files because the filesystem may be
|
|
dirty or inconsistent).</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic"><filename>libstand</filename> now has support for loading
|
|
large kernels and modules split across several physical
|
|
media. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">The default TCP port range used by
|
|
<filename>libfetch</filename> for passive FTP retrievals has
|
|
changed; this affects the behavior of &man.fetch.1;, which has
|
|
gained the <option>-U</option> option to restore the old
|
|
behavior. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic"><filename>libfetch</filename> now has support for an
|
|
authentication callback. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic"><filename>libfetch</filename> now has support for a
|
|
<envar>HTTP_USER_AGENT</envar> environment
|
|
variable. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para><filename>libgmp</filename> has been superceded by
|
|
<filename>libmp</filename>.
|
|
|
|
<para>The functions from <filename>libposix1e</filename> have been
|
|
integrated into <filename>libc</filename>.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic"><filename>libusb</filename> has been renamed as
|
|
<filename>libusbhid</filename>, following NetBSD's naming
|
|
conventions. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">&man.ln.1; now takes an <option>-i</option> option to
|
|
request user confirmation before overwriting an existing
|
|
file. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">&man.ln.1; now takes a <option>-h</option> flag to avoid
|
|
following a target that is a link, with a <option>-n</option>
|
|
flag for compatibility with other
|
|
implementations. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>&man.lock.1; now accepts a <option>-v</option> to disable
|
|
switching VTYs while the current terminal is locked. This permits
|
|
locking the entire console from a single terminal. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">&man.logger.1; can now send messages directly to a remote
|
|
syslog. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">&man.login.1; now exports environment variables set by
|
|
<application>PAM</application> modules. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>&man.lpc.8; has been improved; <command>lpc clean</command>
|
|
is now somewhat safer, and a new <command>lpc tclean</command>
|
|
command has been added to check to see what files would be
|
|
removed by <command>lpc clean</command>. <command>lpc
|
|
topq</command> has been reimplemented, and now allows for a much
|
|
more flexible specification of which jobs should be moved (such
|
|
as a range of job numbers, or a hostname). An <command>lpc
|
|
bottomq</command> command has been added to move jobs to the
|
|
bottom of a print queue, and a new <command>lpc
|
|
setstatus</command> command can be used to set a printer's
|
|
status message. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">&man.lpd.8; now takes two new options: <option>-c</option>
|
|
will log all connection errors to &man.syslogd.8;, while
|
|
<option>-W</option> will allow connections from non-reserved
|
|
ports. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">&man.lpd.8; now has some support for
|
|
<literal>o</literal>-type print-file actions in its control
|
|
files, which allows printing of PostScript files generated by
|
|
<application>MacOS</application> 10.1. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">&man.lpd.8; now recognizes the <option>-s</option> flag as
|
|
the preferred synonym for <option>-p</option> (these flags
|
|
cause &man.lpd.8; not to open a socket for network print
|
|
jobs). &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">&man.lpd.8; now implements a new <literal>rc</literal>
|
|
printcap option. When specified in a print queue for a remote
|
|
host, boolean option causes &man.lpd.8; to resend the data file
|
|
for each copy the user requested via <command>lpr
|
|
-#<replaceable>n</replaceable></command>. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">Catching up with most other network utilities in the base
|
|
system, &man.lpr.1;, &man.lpd.8;, &man.syslogd.8;, and
|
|
&man.logger.1; are now all IPv6-capable. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic"><command>lprm -</command> now works for remote printer
|
|
queues. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">&man.ls.1; can produce colorized listings with the
|
|
<option>-G</option> flag (and appropriate terminal support).
|
|
The <envar>CLICOLOR</envar> environment variable can be set to
|
|
enable colorized listings by default. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">&man.ls.1; now accepts a <option>-h</option> flag, which
|
|
when combined with the <option>-l</option> flag, causes file
|
|
sizes to be printed with unit suffixes, such that the number of
|
|
digits printed is fewer than four. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>The &man.ls.1; program now supports a <option>-m</option>
|
|
flag to list files across a page, a <option>-p</option> flag to
|
|
force printing of a <literal>/</literal> after directories, and
|
|
a <option>-x</option> flag to sort filenames across a
|
|
page. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">&man.m4.1; now accepts a <option>-s</option> flag to cause
|
|
it to emit <literal>#line</literal> directives for use by
|
|
&man.cpp.1;. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">&man.mail.1; now takes a <option>-E</option> flag to avoid
|
|
sending messages with empty bodies. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">&man.make.1; has gained the <literal>:C///</literal>
|
|
(regular expression substitution), <literal>:L</literal>
|
|
(lowercase), and <literal>:U</literal> (uppercase) variable
|
|
modifiers. These were added to reduce the differences between
|
|
the &os; and OpenBSD/NetBSD &man.make.1; programs.
|
|
&merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">Bugs in &man.make.1;, among which include broken null suffix
|
|
behavior, bad assumptions about current directory permissions,
|
|
and potential buffer overflows, have been fixed. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">The new <varname>CPUTYPE</varname>
|
|
<filename>make.conf</filename> variable controls the compilation
|
|
of processor-specific optimizations in various pieces of code
|
|
such as <application>OpenSSL</application>. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">The &os; <filename>Makefile</filename> infrastructure now
|
|
supports the <varname>WARNS</varname> directive from NetBSD.
|
|
This directive controls the addition of compiler warning flags
|
|
to <varname>CFLAGS</varname> in a relatively compiler-neutral
|
|
manner. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>&man.makewhatis.1; is now a C program, instead of a
|
|
Perl script.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>&man.man.1; is no longer installed SUID
|
|
<username>man</username>, in order to reduce vulnerabilities
|
|
associated with generating <quote>catpages</quote> (preformatted
|
|
manual pages cached for repeated viewing). As a result,
|
|
&man.man.1; can no longer create system catpages on a regular
|
|
user's behalf. It is still able to do so if the user has write
|
|
permissions to the directory holding catpages (e.g. a user's own
|
|
manpages) or if the running user is
|
|
<username>root</username>.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para arch="ia64">The mca utility, for decoding machine check
|
|
records, has been added.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>The &man.mdmfs.8; command has been added; it is a wrapper
|
|
around &man.mdconfig.8;, &man.disklabel.8;, &man.newfs.8;, and
|
|
&man.mount.8; that mimics the command line option set of the
|
|
deprecated &man.mount.mfs.8;.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">&man.mergemaster.8; now sources an
|
|
<filename>/etc/mergemaster.rc</filename> file and also prompts
|
|
the user to run recommended commands (such as
|
|
<command>newaliases</command>) as needed. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">&man.mergemaster.8; now supports two new flags.
|
|
The <option>-p</option> flag enables a
|
|
<quote>pre-<literal>buildworld</literal></quote> mode to files
|
|
known to be essential to the success of the
|
|
<literal>buildworld</literal> and
|
|
<literal>installworld</literal> system updating steps. The
|
|
<option>-C</option> flag, used after a successful
|
|
&man.mergemaster.8; run, compares options in
|
|
<filename>/etc/rc.conf</filename> to the default options in
|
|
<filename>/etc/defaults/rc.conf</filename>. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>&man.mesg.1; now conforms to SUSv3. Among other things, it
|
|
now uses the first terminal associated with the standard input,
|
|
standard output or standard error file descriptor, in that order.
|
|
Thus, it is possible to use the redirection facilities of a shell
|
|
(<command>mesg n < /dev/ttyp1</command>) to control write access
|
|
for other terminals.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">mk_cmds(1) and the associated
|
|
<filename>libss</filename> have been removed; they have been
|
|
unused for quite some time. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>&man.mountd.8; and &man.nfsd.8; have moved from
|
|
<filename>/sbin</filename> to <filename>/usr/sbin</filename>.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">&man.moused.8; now takes a <option>-a</option> option to
|
|
control mouse acceleration. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">&man.mtree.8; now includes support for a file that lists
|
|
pathnames to be excluded when creating and verifying prototypes.
|
|
This makes it easier to use &man.mtree.8; as a part of an
|
|
intrusion-detection system. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>&man.mv.1; now takes a (nonstandard) <option>-n</option> option to
|
|
automatically answer <quote>no</quote> when it would ask to
|
|
overwrite a file. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">&man.natd.8; now supports a
|
|
<option>-log_ipfw_denied</option> option to log packets that
|
|
cannot be re-injected because they are blocked by &man.ipfw.8;
|
|
rules. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">The <quote>in use</quote> percentage metric displayed by
|
|
&man.netstat.1; now really reflects the percentage of network
|
|
mbufs used. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">&man.netstat.1; now has a <option>-W</option> flag that
|
|
tells it not to truncate addresses, even if they're too long for
|
|
the column they're printed in. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">&man.netstat.1; now keeps track of input and output packets
|
|
on a per-address basis for each interface. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">&man.netstat.1; now has a <option>-z</option> flag to reset
|
|
statistics. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">&man.netstat.1; now has a <option>-S</option> flag to print
|
|
address numerically but port names symbolically. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">&man.newfs.8; now implements write combining, which can make
|
|
creation of new filesystems up to seven times
|
|
faster. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">&man.newfs.8; now takes a <option>-U</option> option to
|
|
enable softupdates on a new filesystem. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">The default number of cylinders per group in &man.newfs.8;
|
|
is now computed to be the maximum allowable given the current
|
|
filesystem parameters. It can be overridden with the
|
|
<option>-c</option> option. Formerly, the default was fixed at
|
|
16. This change leads to better &man.fsck.8; performance and
|
|
reduced fragmentation. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic"><anchor id="newfs-block-frag-sizes">The default block and
|
|
fragment sizes for new filesystems created by &man.newfs.8; are
|
|
now 16384 and 2048 bytes, respectively (the old defaults were
|
|
8192 and 1024 bytes). This change generally provides increased
|
|
performance, at the expense of some wasted disk
|
|
space. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>A number of archaic features of &man.newfs.8; have been
|
|
removed; these implemented tuning features that are essentially
|
|
useless on modern hard disks. These features were controlled by
|
|
the <option>-O</option>, <option>-d</option>,
|
|
<option>-k</option>, <option>-l</option>, <option>-n</option>,
|
|
<option>-p</option>, <option>-r</option>, <option>-t</option>,
|
|
and <option>-x</option> flags.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>&man.newfs.8; now supports a <option>-O</option> flag to
|
|
select the creation of UFS1 or UFS2 filesystems.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>The &man.newgrp.1; utility to change to a new group has been
|
|
added.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>&man.newsyslog.8; now compresses log files
|
|
using &man.bzip2.1; by default. (The former behavior of using
|
|
&man.gzip.1; can be specified in
|
|
<filename>/etc/newsyslog.conf</filename>.)</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>The &man.nextboot.8; utility has been added to specify an
|
|
alternate kernel and/or boot flags to be used the next time the
|
|
machine is booted. A previous incarnation of this feature
|
|
first appeared in &os; 2.2.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para><application>NFS</application> now works over IPv6.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">&man.ngctl.8; now supports a <option>write</option> command
|
|
to send a data packet down a given hook. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>&man.nice.1; now uses the <option>-n</option> option to
|
|
specify the <quote>niceness</quote> of the utility being
|
|
run. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">&man.nl.1;, a line numbering filter program, has been
|
|
added. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para><application>nsswitch</application> support has been merged
|
|
from NetBSD. By creating an &man.nsswitch.conf.5; file, &os;
|
|
can be configured so that various databases such as
|
|
&man.passwd.5; and &man.group.5; can be looked up using flat
|
|
files, NIS, or Hesiod. If <filename>/etc/nsswitch.conf</filename>
|
|
does not exist, it will be automatically generated from an existing
|
|
<filename>/etc/hosts.conf</filename> at system startup time. The
|
|
<filename>/etc/hosts.conf</filename> file may be used by old
|
|
executables; it will be automatically generated from
|
|
an existing <filename>/etc/nsswitch.conf</filename> during
|
|
system startup if it exists.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>&man.od.1; now supports the <option>-A</option> option to
|
|
specify the input address base, the <option>-N</option> option to
|
|
specify the number of bytes to dump, the <option>-j</option>
|
|
option to specify the number of bytes to skip, the
|
|
<option>-s</option> option to output signed decimal shorts, and
|
|
the <option>-t</option> option to specify output type. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para arch="sparc64">The &man.ofwdump.8; utility has been added to
|
|
examine the OpenFirmware device tree.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para><application>PAM</application> support has been added for
|
|
account management and sessions.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para><application>PAM</application> configuration is now
|
|
specified by files in <filename>/etc/pam.d/</filename>, rather
|
|
than a single <filename>/etc/pam.conf</filename> file.
|
|
<filename>/etc/pam.d/README</filename> has more details.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>A &man.pam.echo.8; echo service module has been added.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>A &man.pam.exec.8; program execution service module has been
|
|
added.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>A &man.pam.ftp.8; module has been added to allow
|
|
authentication of anonymous FTP users.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>A &man.pam.ftpusers.8; module has been added to perform
|
|
checks against the &man.ftpusers.5; file.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>A &man.pam.ksu.8; module has been added to do Kerberos 5
|
|
authentication and <filename>$HOME/.k5login</filename>
|
|
authorization for &man.su.1;.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>A &man.pam.lastlog.8; module has been added to record
|
|
sessions in the &man.utmp.5;, &man.wtmp.5;, and &man.lastlog.5;
|
|
databases.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>A &man.pam.login.access.8; module has been added, to allow
|
|
checking against <filename>/etc/login.access</filename>.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>The &man.pam.nologin.8; module, which can disallow logins
|
|
using &man.nologin.5;, has been added.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>The &man.pam.opie.8; and &man.pam.opieaccess.8; modules have
|
|
been added to control authentication via &man.opie.4;. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>A &man.pam.passwdqc.8; module has been added, to check the
|
|
quality of passwords submitted during password changes.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>A &man.pam.rhosts.8; module has been added to support
|
|
&man.rhosts.5; authentication.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>The &man.pam.rootok.8; module, which can be used to
|
|
authenticate only the superuser, has been added.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>A &man.pam.securetty.8; module has been added to check the
|
|
<quote>security</quote> of a TTY, as listed in &man.ttys.5;.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>A &man.pam.self.8; module, which allows self-authentication
|
|
of a user, has been added.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">A &man.pam.ssh.8; module has been added to allow the use of
|
|
SSH passphrases and keypairs for authentication. This module
|
|
also handles session management by invoking
|
|
&man.ssh-agent.1;. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>A &man.pam.wheel.8; module has been added to permit
|
|
authentication to members of a group, which defaults to
|
|
<groupname>wheel</groupname>.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">&man.passwd.1; and &man.pw.8; now select the password hash
|
|
algorithm at run time. See the <literal>passwd_format</literal>
|
|
attribute in
|
|
<filename>/etc/login.conf</filename>. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">&man.patch.1; now accepts a <option>-i</option> command-line
|
|
flag to read a patch from a file, rather than standard
|
|
input. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>The &man.pathchk.1; utility, which checks pathnames for
|
|
validity or portability between POSIX systems, has been
|
|
added. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">&man.pax.1; has received a number of enhancements, including
|
|
&man.cpio.1; functionality, &man.tar.1; compatibility
|
|
enhancements, <option>-z</option> and <option>-Z</option> flags
|
|
for &man.gzip.1; and &man.compress.1; functionality, and a
|
|
number of bug fixes. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">&man.pciconf.8; now supports a <option>-v</option> option to
|
|
display the vendor/device information of configured devices, in
|
|
conjunction with the <option>-l</option> option. The default
|
|
vendor/device database can be found at
|
|
<filename>/usr/share/misc/pci_vendors</filename>. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">The behavior of &man.periodic.8; is now controlled by
|
|
<filename>/etc/defaults/periodic.conf</filename> and
|
|
<filename>/etc/periodic.conf</filename>. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">&man.ping.8; now supports a <option>-m</option> option to
|
|
set the TTL of outgoing packets. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">&man.ping.8; now supports a <option>-A</option> option to
|
|
beep when packets are lost. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>&man.ping.8; now supports a <option>-o</option> flag to exit
|
|
after receiving a reply.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">Userland &man.ppp.8; has received a number of updates and
|
|
bug fixes. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">&man.ppp.8; has gained the <literal>tcpmssfixup</literal>
|
|
option, which adjusts outgoing and incoming TCP SYN packets so
|
|
that the maximum receive segment size is no larger than allowed
|
|
by the interface MTU. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">&man.ppp.8; now supports IPv6. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">&man.pppd.8; (the control program for kernel-level PPP) is
|
|
now installed mode <literal>4550</literal> and
|
|
<username>root</username><literal>:</literal><groupname>dialer</groupname>,
|
|
rather than mode <literal>4555</literal> (in other words, it is
|
|
no longer world-executable). Users of &man.pppd.8; may need to
|
|
change their group settings. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">&man.pr.1; now supports the <option>-f</option> and
|
|
<option>-p</option> flags to pause output going to a
|
|
terminal. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>prefix(8) is obsolete and has been removed. Its
|
|
functionality is provided by the <option>eui64</option> command
|
|
to &man.ifconfig.8;.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">The <option>-W</option> option to &man.ps.1; (to extract
|
|
information from a specified swap device) has been useless for
|
|
some time; it has been removed. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>The &man.pselect.3; library function (introduced by POSIX.1
|
|
as a slightly stronger version of &man.select.2;) has been
|
|
added.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">&man.pwd.1; can now double as &man.realpath.1;, a program to
|
|
resolve pathnames to their underlying physical
|
|
paths. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>&man.pwd.1; now supports the <option>-L</option> flag to
|
|
print the logical current working directory. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>&man.quota.1; now takes a <option>-l</option> flag to
|
|
suppress quote checks on NFS filesystems.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>The pseudo-random number generator implemented by
|
|
&man.rand.3; has been improved to provide less biased
|
|
results.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">&man.rc.8; now has an framework for handling dependencies
|
|
between &man.rc.conf.5; variables. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">&man.rc.8; now deletes all non-directory files in
|
|
<filename>/var/run</filename> and
|
|
<filename>/var/spool/lock</filename> at boot
|
|
time. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>&man.rcmd.3; now supports the use of the
|
|
<envar>RSH</envar> environment variable to specify a program to
|
|
use other than &man.rsh.1; for remote execution. As a result,
|
|
programs such as &man.dump.8; can use &man.ssh.1; for remote
|
|
transport.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>&man.rdist.1; has been retired from the base system, but is
|
|
still available from &os; Ports Collection as
|
|
<filename role="package">net/44bsd-rdist</filename>.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">&man.reboot.8; now takes a <option>-k</option> to specify
|
|
the next kernel to boot. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>The &man.renice.8; command implements a <option>-n</option>
|
|
option, which specifies an increment to be applied to the
|
|
priority of a process. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">The &man.resolver.3; in &os; now implements EDNS0 support,
|
|
which will be necessary when working with IPv6 transport-ready
|
|
resolvers/DNS servers. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">The &man.rfork.thread.3; library call has been added as a
|
|
helper function to &man.rfork.2;. Using this function should
|
|
avoid the need to implement complex stack swap
|
|
code. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">The <option>-v</option> option to &man.rm.1; now displays
|
|
the entire pathname of a file being removed. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">&man.route.8; is now more verbose when changing indirect
|
|
routes, in the case of a gateway route that is the same route as
|
|
the one being modified. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">&man.route.8; now uses
|
|
<literal><replaceable>host</replaceable>/<replaceable>bits</replaceable></literal>
|
|
syntax instead of
|
|
<literal><replaceable>net</replaceable>/<replaceable>bits</replaceable></literal>
|
|
syntax, for compatibility with &man.netstat.1;. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">&man.route.8; can now create <quote>proxy only</quote>
|
|
published ARP entries. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">The &man.route.8; <option>add</option> command now supports
|
|
the <option>-ifp</option> and <option>-ifa</option>
|
|
modifiers. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>&man.rpcbind.8; has replaced &man.portmap.8;.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>&man.rpcgen.1; now uses <filename>/usr/bin/cpp</filename>
|
|
(as on NetBSD), not
|
|
<filename>/usr/libexec/cpp</filename>.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>&man.rpc.lockd.8; has been imported from NetBSD. This
|
|
daemon provides support for servicing client NFS locks.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">The performance of the ELF dynamic linker &man.rtld.1; has
|
|
been improved. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">RSA Security has waived all patent rights to the
|
|
<application>RSA</application> algorithm. As a result, the
|
|
native <application>OpenSSL</application> implementation of the
|
|
RSA algorithm is now activated by default, and the <filename
|
|
role="package">security/rsaref</filename> port and the
|
|
<filename>librsaUSA</filename> and
|
|
<filename>librsaINTL</filename> libraries are no longer required
|
|
for USA and non-USA residents respectively. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>&man.rtld.1; will now print the names of all objects that
|
|
cause each object to be loaded, if the
|
|
<varname>LD_TRACE_LOADED_OBJECTS_ALL</varname> environment
|
|
variable is defined.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">&man.savecore.8; now supports a <option>-k</option> option
|
|
to prevent clearing a crash dump after saving it. It also
|
|
attempts to avoid writing large stretches of zeros to crash dump
|
|
files to save space and time. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">&man.savecore.8; now works correctly on machines with 2 GB
|
|
or more of RAM. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">&man.sed.1; now takes a <option>-E</option> option for
|
|
extended regular expression support. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>&man.sed.1; now takes a <option>-i</option> option to enable
|
|
in-place editing of files. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">&man.send-pr.1; now takes a <option>-a</option> option to
|
|
include a file into the <literal>Fix:</literal> section of a
|
|
problem report. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>The &man.setfacl.1; and &man.getfacl.1; commands have been
|
|
added to manage filesystem Access Control Lists.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">&man.setproctitle.3; has been moved from
|
|
<filename>libutil</filename> to
|
|
<filename>libc</filename>. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">&man.sh.1; now implements <command>test</command> as a
|
|
built-in command for improved efficiency. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>&man.sh.1; no longer implements <command>printf</command> as
|
|
a built-in command because it was considered less valuable
|
|
compared to the other built-in commands (this functionality is,
|
|
of course, still available through the &man.printf.1;
|
|
executable).</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>&man.sh.1; now supports a <option>-C</option> option to
|
|
prevent existing regular files from being overwritten by output
|
|
redirection, and a <option>-u</option> to give an error if an
|
|
unset variable is expanded. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>The &man.sh.1; built-in <command>cd</command> command now
|
|
supports <option>-L</option> and <option>-P</option> flags to
|
|
invoke logical or physical modes of operation, respectively.
|
|
Logical mode is the default, but the default can be changed with
|
|
the <varname>physical</varname> &man.sh.1; option. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>The &man.sh.1; built-in <command>jobs</command> command now
|
|
supports a <option>-s</option> flag to output PIDs only and a
|
|
<option>-l</option> flag to add PIDs to the output. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>&man.sh.1; now supports a <command>bind</command> built-in
|
|
command, which allows the key bindings for the shell's line editor
|
|
to be changed.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>The &man.sh.1; built-in <command>export</command> and
|
|
<command>readonly</command> commands now support a
|
|
<option>-p</option> flag to print their output in
|
|
<quote>portable</quote> format. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>&man.sh.1; no longer accepts invalid constructs as
|
|
<command><replaceable>command</replaceable> & &&
|
|
<replaceable>command</replaceable></command>, <command>&&
|
|
<replaceable>command</replaceable></command>, or <command>||
|
|
<replaceable>command</replaceable></command>. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">&man.sockstat.1; now has <option>-c</option> and
|
|
<option>-l</option> flags for listing connected and listening
|
|
sockets, respectively. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>&man.spkrtest.8; is now a &man.sh.1; script, rather than a
|
|
Perl script.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">&man.split.1; now has the ability to split a file longer
|
|
than 2GB. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>&man.split.1; now supports a <option>-a</option> option to
|
|
specify the number of letters to use for the suffix of split
|
|
files. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>In preparation for meeting SUSv2/POSIX
|
|
<filename><sys/select.h></filename> requirements,
|
|
<literal>struct selinfo</literal> and related functions have been
|
|
moved to <filename><sys/selinfo.h></filename>.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">The &man.strnstr.3; and &man.strcasestr.3; variants of
|
|
&man.strstr.3; have been implemented. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">&man.stty.1; now has support for an
|
|
<literal>erase2</literal> control character, so that, for
|
|
example, both the <keycap>Delete</keycap> and
|
|
<keycap>Backspace</keycap> keys can be used to erase
|
|
characters. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>&man.su.1; now uses <application>PAM</application> for
|
|
authentication.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">Boot-time &man.syscons.4; configuration was moved to a
|
|
machine-independent
|
|
<filename>/etc/rc.syscons</filename>. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">&man.sysctl.8; now supports a <option>-N</option> option to
|
|
print out variable names only. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">&man.sysctl.8; has replaced the <option>-A</option> and
|
|
<option>-X</option> options with <option>-ao</option> and
|
|
<option>-ax</option> respectively; the former options are now
|
|
deprecated. The <option>-w</option> option is deprecated as
|
|
well; it is not needed to determine the user's
|
|
intentions. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">&man.sysctl.8; now supports a <option>-e</option> option to
|
|
separate variable names and values by <literal>=</literal>
|
|
rather than <literal>:</literal>. This feature is useful for
|
|
producing output that can be fed back to
|
|
&man.sysctl.8;. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>&man.sysctl.8; now accepts a <option>-d</option> flag to print
|
|
the descriptions of variables.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">&man.sysinstall.8; now properly preserves
|
|
<filename>/etc/mail</filename> during a binary
|
|
upgrade. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">&man.sysinstall.8; now uses some more intuitive defaults
|
|
thanks to some new dialog support functions. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>The default root partition in &man.sysinstall.8; is now
|
|
100MB on the i386 and pc98, 120MB on the Alpha.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>&man.sysinstall.8; now lives in
|
|
<filename>/usr/sbin</filename>, which simplifies the
|
|
installation process. The &man.sysinstall.8; manpage is also
|
|
installed in a more consistent fashion now.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">&man.sysinstall.8; now has the ability to load KLDs as a
|
|
part of the installation. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">When run from the installation media, &man.sysinstall.8;
|
|
will automatically load any device drivers found in the
|
|
<filename>/stand/modules</filename> directory of the
|
|
<literal>mfsroot</literal> floppy or filesystem image. Note
|
|
that any drivers so loaded will not appear in the kernel's boot
|
|
messages; the &man.sysinstall.8; debugging screen will provide
|
|
additional information. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">&man.sysinstall.8; now enables Soft Updates by default on
|
|
all filesystems it creates, except for the root
|
|
filesystem. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">&man.sysinstall.8; has received updates for its
|
|
<quote>auto</quote> partitioning mode which provide more
|
|
reasonable defaults for the sizes of partitions that are
|
|
created; auto-sized partitions can now also recover the space
|
|
that becomes available when other partitions are
|
|
deleted. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>&man.sysinstall.8; no longer mounts the &man.procfs.5;
|
|
filesystem by default on new installs. This change was made to
|
|
improve security, but &man.procfs.5; can still be mounted
|
|
manually or via an appropriate line in the &man.fstab.5;
|
|
file.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">&man.sysinstall.8; now has rudimentary support for
|
|
retrieving packages from the correct volume of a multiple-volume
|
|
installation (such as a multi-CD distribution). &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">&man.syslogd.8; can take a <option>-n</option> option to
|
|
disable DNS queries for every request. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">&man.syslogd.8; now supports a
|
|
<literal>LOG_CONSOLE</literal> facility (disabled by default),
|
|
which can be used to log <filename>/dev/console</filename>
|
|
output. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">&man.syslogd.8; now has the ability to bind to a specific
|
|
address (as opposed to using every available one) via the
|
|
<option>-b</option> option. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">&man.syslogd.8; now accepts a <option>-c</option> flag to
|
|
disable repeated line compression. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>&man.tabs.1;, a utility to set terminal tab stops, has been
|
|
added.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">&man.tail.1; now has the ability to work on files longer
|
|
than 2GB. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">&man.tar.1; now supports the <varname>TAR_RSH</varname>
|
|
variable, principally to enable the use of &man.ssh.1; as a
|
|
transport. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">&man.telnet.1; now does autologin and encryption by default;
|
|
a new <option>-y</option> option turns off encryption. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">&man.telnet.1; now supports a <option>-u</option> flag to
|
|
allow connections to UNIX-domain (<literal>AF_UNIX</literal>)
|
|
sockets. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>The &man.termcap.5; database now uses the
|
|
<literal>xterm</literal> terminal type from
|
|
<application>XFree86</application>. As a result, &man.xterm.1;
|
|
now supports color by default and the common workaround of
|
|
setting <varname>TERM</varname> to <literal>xterm-color</literal>
|
|
is no longer necessary. Use of the
|
|
<literal>xterm-color</literal> terminal type may result in
|
|
(benign) warnings from applications.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">&man.tftp.1; and &man.tftpd.8; now support IPv6. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">&man.tftpd.8; now takes the <option>-c</option> and
|
|
<option>-C</option> options, which allow the server to
|
|
&man.chroot.2; based on the IP address of the connecting client.
|
|
&man.tftp.1; and &man.tftpd.8; can now transfer files larger
|
|
than 65535 blocks. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>&man.tftpd.8; now supports RFC 2349 (TFTP Timeout Interval
|
|
and Transfer Size Options); this feature is required by some
|
|
firmware like EFI boot managers (at least on HP i2000 Itanium
|
|
servers) in order to boot an image using
|
|
<application>TFTP</application>.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para arch="alpha">&man.timed.8; now works on the alpha.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>A version of Transport Independent RPC
|
|
(<application>TI-RPC</application>) has been imported.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">&man.tmpnam.3; will now use the <envar>TMPDIR</envar>
|
|
environment variable, if set, to specify the location of
|
|
temporary files. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>&man.tip.1; has been updated from
|
|
<application>OpenBSD</application>, and has the ability to act
|
|
as a &man.cu.1; substitute.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>&man.top.1; will now use the full width of its tty.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>&man.touch.1; now takes a <option>-h</option> option to
|
|
operate on a symbolic link, rather than what the link points
|
|
to.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>&man.tr.1; now has basic support for equivalence classes
|
|
for locales that support them. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>&man.tr.1; now supports a <option>-C</option> flag to
|
|
complement the set of characters specified by the first string
|
|
argument.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">The &man.truncate.1; utility, which truncates or extends the
|
|
length of files, has been added. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>&man.tunefs.8; now supports the <option>-a</option> and
|
|
<option>-l</option> flags to enable and disable the
|
|
<literal>FS_ACLS</literal> and <literal>FS_MULTILABEL</literal>
|
|
administrative flags on UFS file system.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>A &man.ugidfw.8; utility has been added to manage the
|
|
rulesets provided by the <literal>mac_bsdextended</literal>
|
|
Mandatory Access Control policy, similar to &man.ipfw.8;.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">Ukrainian language support has been added to the &os;
|
|
console. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para><application>UUCP</application> has been removed from the
|
|
base system. It can be found in the Ports Collection, in
|
|
<filename role="package">net/freebsd-uucp</filename>.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>&man.unexpand.1; now supports a <option>-t</option> to
|
|
specify tabstops analogous to &man.expand.1;. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">&man.units.1; has received some updates and
|
|
bugfixes. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>&man.usbdevs.8; now supports a <option>-d</option> flag to
|
|
show the device driver associated with each device.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">The &man.usbhidctl.1; utility has been added to manipulate
|
|
USB Human Interface Devices. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">&man.uuencode.1; and &man.uudecode.1; now accept a <option>-o</option> option to
|
|
set their output files. &man.uuencode.1; can now be made to do base64 encoding
|
|
when given the <option>-m</option> flag, while &man.uudecode.1;
|
|
can now automatically decode base64 files. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>The base64 capabilities of &man.uuencode.1; and
|
|
&man.uudecode.1; can now be automatically enabled by invoking
|
|
these utilities as &man.b64encode.1; and &man.b64decode.1;
|
|
respectively. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>Functions to implement and manipulate OSF/DCE 1.1-compliant
|
|
UUIDs have been added to <filename>libc</filename>. More
|
|
information can be found in &man.uuid.3;.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>The &man.uuidgen.1; utility has been added. It uses the new
|
|
&man.uuidgen.2; system call to generate one or more Universally
|
|
Unique Identifiers compatible with OSF/DCE 1.1 version 1
|
|
UUIDs.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">&man.vidcontrol.1; now accepts a <option>-g</option>
|
|
parameter to select custom text geometry in the
|
|
<literal>VESA_800x600</literal> raster text mode. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">&man.vidcontrol.1; now allows the user to omit the font size
|
|
specification when loading a font, and has some better
|
|
error-handling. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">&man.vidcontrol.1; now supports a <option>-p</option> option
|
|
to take a snapshot of a &man.syscons.4; video buffer. These
|
|
snapshots can be manipulated by the
|
|
<filename role="package">graphics/scr2png</filename> utility in
|
|
the Ports Collection. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">&man.vidcontrol.1; now supports a <option>-C</option> option
|
|
to clear the history buffer for a given tty, as well as a
|
|
<option>-h</option> option to set the size of the history
|
|
buffer. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>&man.vidcontrol.1; now accepts a <option>-S</option> to
|
|
allow the user to disable VTY switching. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>The default stripe size in &man.vinum.8; has been changed
|
|
from 256KB to 279KB, to spread out superblocks more evenly
|
|
between stripes.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">&man.wall.1; now supports a <option>-g</option> flag to
|
|
write a message to all users of a given group. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">&man.watch.8; now takes a <option>-f</option> option to
|
|
specify a &man.snp.4; device to use. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>&man.wc.1; now supports a <option>-m</option> flag to
|
|
count characters, rather than bytes.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>&man.whereis.1;, formerly a Perl script, has been
|
|
rewritten in C. It now supports a <option>-x</option> flag to
|
|
suppress the run of &man.locate.1;, and a <option>-q</option>
|
|
flag suppresses the leading name of the query.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>&man.whereis.1; now supports a <option>-a</option> flag
|
|
to report all matches instead of only the first of each
|
|
requested type.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>&man.which.1; is now a C program, rather than a Perl
|
|
script.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>&man.who.1; now has a number of new options:
|
|
<option>-H</option> shows column headings; <option>-T</option>
|
|
shows &man.mesg.1; state; <option>-m</option> is an equivalent
|
|
to <option>am i</option>; <option>-u</option> shows idle time;
|
|
<option>-q</option> to list names in columns. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">&man.whois.1; now directs queries for IP addresses to ARIN.
|
|
If a query to ARIN references APNIC or RIPE, the appropriate
|
|
server will also be queried, provided that the
|
|
<option>-Q</option> option is not specified. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">&man.whois.1; supports a <option>-c</option> option to
|
|
specify a country code to help direct queries towards a
|
|
particular whois server. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>&man.wicontrol.8; now supports a <option>-l</option> to list
|
|
the stations associated in <literal>hostap</literal> mode and a
|
|
<option>-L</option> to list available access points.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>&man.xargs.1; now supports a <option>-I</option>
|
|
<replaceable>replstr</replaceable> option that allows the user
|
|
to tell &man.xargs.1; to insert the data read from standard
|
|
input at specific points in the command line arguments rather
|
|
than at the end. (A &os;-specific <option>-J</option> option is
|
|
similar.) &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>&man.xargs.1; now supports a <option>-L</option> option to
|
|
force its utility argument to be called after some number of
|
|
lines. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">The compiler chain now uses the FSF-supplied C/C++ runtime
|
|
initialization code. This change brings about better
|
|
compatibility with code generated from the various egcs and gcc
|
|
ports, as well as the stock public FSF source. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">The threads library has gained some signal handling changes,
|
|
bug fixes, and performance enhancements (including zero system
|
|
call thread switching). &man.gdb.1; thread support has been
|
|
updated to match these changes. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">Significant additions have been made to internationalization
|
|
support; &os; now has complete locale support for the
|
|
<literal>LC_MONETARY</literal>, <literal>LC_NUMERIC</literal>,
|
|
and <literal>LC_MESSAGES</literal> categories. A number of
|
|
applications have been updated to take advantage of this
|
|
support. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">Locale names have been changed to improve compatibility with
|
|
the names used by X11R6, as well as a number of other UNIX
|
|
versions. As an example, the
|
|
<literal>en_US.ISO_8859-1</literal> locale name has been changed
|
|
to
|
|
<literal>en_US.ISO8859-1</literal>. Entries in
|
|
<filename>/etc/locale.alias</filename> provide backward
|
|
compatibility. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>Various routines in the C library now have support for
|
|
<quote>wide</quote> characters. Among these are
|
|
character class functions such as &man.wctype.3;, wide character
|
|
I/O functions such as &man.getwc.3;, formatted I/O functions
|
|
such as &man.wprintf.3; and &man.wscanf.3;. Conversion
|
|
functions to &man.multibyte.3; characters are also supported.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic"><filename>/usr/src/share/examples/BSD_daemon/</filename> now
|
|
contains a scalable Beastie graphic. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">As part of an ongoing process, many manual pages were
|
|
improved, both in terms of their formatting markup and in their
|
|
content. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>A number of utilities and libraries were enhanced to improve
|
|
their conformance with the Single UNIX Specification (SUSv3) and
|
|
IEEE Std 1003.1-2001 (<quote>POSIX.1</quote>). Specific
|
|
features added have been listed in the release notes for each
|
|
utility. The standards conformance of each utility or library
|
|
function is generally listed in its manual page.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>A number of traditional BSD games have been removed from the base system;
|
|
they are now available in the <filename
|
|
role="package">games/freebsd-games</filename> port.
|
|
These include: adventure(6), arithmetic(6), atc(6),
|
|
backgammon(6), battlestar(6), bs(6), canfield(6), cribbage(6),
|
|
fish(6), hack(6), hangman(6), larn(6), mille(6), phantasia(6),
|
|
piano(6), pig(6), quiz(6), rain(6), robots(6), rogue(6),
|
|
sail(6), snake(6), trek(6), wargames(6), worm(6), worms(6), and
|
|
wump(6). dm(8), which was used to control access to games, is
|
|
no longer necessary, and has also been removed. The
|
|
<quote>utility-like</quote> games, as well as &man.fortune.6;,
|
|
remain.</para>
|
|
|
|
<sect3>
|
|
<title>Contributed Software</title>
|
|
|
|
<para><application>am-utils</application> has been updated to
|
|
6.0.7.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>A 10 February 2002 snapshot of <application>awk</application> from Bell Labs (variously
|
|
known as <quote>BWK awk</quote> or <quote>The One True
|
|
AWK</quote>) has been imported. It is available as
|
|
<command>awk</command> or
|
|
<command>nawk</command>.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic"><application>bc</application> has been updated from 1.04 to
|
|
1.06. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">The ISC library from the <application>BIND</application>
|
|
distribution is now built as
|
|
<filename>libisc</filename>. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic"><application>BIND</application> is now built with the
|
|
<literal>NOADDITIONAL</literal> flag, which causes
|
|
&man.named.8; to operate in a more consistent fashion for
|
|
certain common misconfigurations. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para><application>BIND</application> has been updated to
|
|
8.3.3. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para><application>Binutils</application> has been updated to
|
|
a pre-release snapshot of 2.13.1 from 11 October 2002.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic"><application>bzip2</application> 1.0.2 has been imported;
|
|
this brings the &man.bzip2.1; program and the
|
|
<filename>libbz2</filename> library to the base
|
|
system. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">The &man.ee.1; <application>Easy Editor</application> has
|
|
been updated to 1.4.2. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para><application>file</application> has been updated to
|
|
3.39.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para><application>gcc</application> has been updated to
|
|
a pre-release snapshot of <application>gcc</application>
|
|
3.2.1, from 9 October 2002.
|
|
<warning>
|
|
<para>The C++ ABI from <application>gcc</application>
|
|
3.2.<replaceable>X</replaceable> is not compatible with
|
|
previous versions.</para>
|
|
</warning>
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">&man.gcc.1; now uses a unified <filename>libgcc</filename>
|
|
rather than a separate one for threaded and non-threaded
|
|
programs. <filename>/usr/lib/libgcc_r.a</filename> can be
|
|
removed. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">&man.gcc.1; now supports the environment variable
|
|
<envar>GCC_OPTIONS</envar>, which can hold a set of default
|
|
options for <application>GCC</application>. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para><application>gdb</application> has been updated to version
|
|
5.2.1.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic"><application>GNATS</application> has been updated to
|
|
3.113. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para><application>gperf</application> has been updated to
|
|
2.7.2.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para><application>groff</application> and its related utilities
|
|
have been updated to FSF version 1.18.1.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para><application>Heimdal Kerberos</application> has been updated to
|
|
a pre-0.5 snapshot from 16 September 2002.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">The version of <application>IPFilter</application>
|
|
provided with &os; now includes the &man.ipfs.8; program,
|
|
which allows state information created for NAT entries and
|
|
stateful rules to be saved to disk and restored after a
|
|
reboot. Boot-time configuration of these features is
|
|
supported by &man.rc.conf.5;. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>The <application>ISC DHCP</application> client has been
|
|
updated to 3.0.1RC9.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic"><application>Kerberos IV</application> has been updated to
|
|
1.0.5. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>The &man.more.1; command has been replaced by
|
|
&man.less.1;, although it can still be run as
|
|
<command>more</command>. &merged; Version 371 of
|
|
<application>less</application> has been imported.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>An XML processing library, named
|
|
<filename>libbsdxml</filename>, has been added for the benefit
|
|
of XML-using utilities in the base system. It is based almost
|
|
entirely on an import of <application>expat</application>
|
|
1.95.5, but is installed under a different name to avoid
|
|
conflicts with any versions of
|
|
<application>expat</application> installed from the Ports
|
|
Collection.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para><application>libpcap</application> has been updated to
|
|
0.7.1. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para><application>libreadline</application> has been updated to
|
|
4.2.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para><application>libz</application> has been updated to
|
|
1.1.4.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para><application>lint</application> has been updated to
|
|
snapshot of NetBSD &man.lint.1; as of 19 July 2002.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para><application>lukemftp</application> 1.6 beta 2 (the FTP client from
|
|
NetBSD) has replaced the &os; &man.ftp.1; program. Among its
|
|
new features are more automation methods, better standards
|
|
compliance, transfer rate throttling, and a customizable
|
|
command-line prompt. Some environment variables and
|
|
command-line arguments have changed.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>&man.m4.1; has been imported from OpenBSD, as of 26 April
|
|
2002. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para><application>ncurses</application> has been updated to
|
|
5.2-20020615.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>The <application>NTP</application> suite of programs has
|
|
been updated to 4.1.1b.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para><application>OpenPAM</application>
|
|
(<quote>Citronella</quote> release) has been imported,
|
|
replacing
|
|
<application>Linux-PAM</application>.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>The <application>OPIE</application> one-time-password
|
|
suite has been updated to 2.4. It has completely
|
|
replaced the functionality of
|
|
<application>S/Key</application>. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para><application>Perl</application> has been removed from the
|
|
&os; base system. It can still be installed from the &os;
|
|
Ports Collection or as a binary package; moving it out of the
|
|
base system will make future upgrades and maintenence easier.
|
|
To reduce the dependence of the base system on
|
|
Perl, many utilities have been
|
|
rewritten as shell scripts or C programs (specific notes are
|
|
made for each affected utility).
|
|
<filename>/usr/bin/perl</filename> is now a
|
|
<quote>wrapper</quote> program, so that programs expecting to
|
|
find a Perl interpreter there will
|
|
be able to function correctly.
|
|
|
|
<warning>
|
|
<para>The Perl removal and
|
|
package integration work is ongoing.</para>
|
|
</warning>
|
|
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<para><application>GNU ptx</application> has been removed from
|
|
the base system. It is not used anywhere in the base system,
|
|
and has not been recently updated or maintained. Users
|
|
requiring its functionality can install this utility as a part
|
|
of the <filename role="package">textproc/textutils</filename>
|
|
port.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>The <literal>rc.d</literal> framework from NetBSD has been
|
|
imported. It breaks down the system startup functionality
|
|
into a number of small, <quote>task-oriented</quote> scripts
|
|
in <filename>/etc/rc.d</filename>, with dynamic-determined
|
|
ordering of startup scripts performed at boot-time.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">&man.routed.8; has been updated to version
|
|
2.22. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para arch="i386,pc98">Version 1.4.5 of the
|
|
<application>smbfs</application> userland utilities has been
|
|
imported. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para><application>GNU sort</application> has been updated to
|
|
the version from <application>GNU textutils
|
|
2.0.21</application>.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>&man.stat.1; from <application>NetBSD</application>, as of
|
|
5 June 2002 has, been imported.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para><application>GNU tar</application> has been updated to
|
|
1.13.25. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para><application>tcpdump</application> has been updated to
|
|
3.7.1. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>The &man.csh.1; shell has been replaced by &man.tcsh.1;,
|
|
although it can still be run as <command>csh</command>.
|
|
<application>tcsh</application> has been updated to version
|
|
6.12. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>The contributed version of
|
|
<application>tcp_wrappers</application> now includes the
|
|
&man.tcpd.8; helper daemon. While not strictly necessary in a
|
|
standard &os; installation (because &man.inetd.8; already
|
|
incorporates this functionality), this may be useful for
|
|
&man.inetd.8; replacements such as
|
|
<application>xinetd</application>. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para><application>texinfo</application> has been updated to
|
|
4.2. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para><application>top</application> has been updated to version
|
|
3.5b12. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para><application>traceroute</application> has been updated to
|
|
LBL version 1.4a12.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">&man.traceroute.8; now takes its default maximum TTL value
|
|
from the <varname>net.inet.ip.ttl</varname> sysctl
|
|
variable. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>The timezone database has been updated to the
|
|
<filename>tzdata2002d</filename> release. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<sect4>
|
|
<title>CVS</title>
|
|
|
|
<para><application>cvs</application> has been updated to
|
|
1.11.2. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">The default value for &man.cvs.1;'s
|
|
<envar>CVS_RSH</envar> variable is now
|
|
<literal>ssh</literal>, rather than
|
|
<literal>rsh</literal>. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">&man.cvs.1; now supports a <option>-T</option> option to
|
|
update a sandbox's <filename>CVS/Template</filename> file
|
|
from the repository. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">&man.cvs.1; <literal>diff</literal> now supports the
|
|
<option>-j</option> option to perform differences against a
|
|
revision relative to a branch tag. &merged;</para>
|
|
</sect4>
|
|
|
|
<sect4>
|
|
<title>CVSup</title>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic"><application>CVSup</application>, a frequently used
|
|
utility in the &os; Ports Collection, was formerly
|
|
installable using several ports and packages. The
|
|
<filename role="package">net/cvsup-bin</filename> and
|
|
<filename role="package">net/cvsupd-bin</filename>
|
|
ports/packages are no longer necessary or available; the
|
|
<filename role="package">net/cvsup</filename> port should be
|
|
used instead. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic"><application>CVSup</application> has been updated to
|
|
16.1_3, which is available in the &os; Ports Collection as
|
|
<filename role="package">net/cvsup</filename>. This update
|
|
fixes a long-standing (but only recently encountered) bug
|
|
which affects the timestamps on all files after Sun Sep 9
|
|
01:46:40 UTC 2001 (1,000,000,000 seconds after the UNIX
|
|
epoch). &merged;</para>
|
|
</sect4>
|
|
|
|
<sect4 id="kame-userland">
|
|
<title>KAME</title>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">The IPv6 stack is now based on a snapshot based on the
|
|
KAME Project's IPv6 snapshot as of 28 May, 2001. Most of
|
|
the items listed in this section are a result of this
|
|
import.
|
|
<xref linkend="kame-kernel"> lists kernel updates to the
|
|
KAME IPv6 stack. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">&man.faithd.8; now supports a configuration file for
|
|
access control. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">&man.ifconfig.8; can now perform the functions of
|
|
gifconfig(8). &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">&man.ifconfig.8; can now perform the functions of
|
|
prefix(8). &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">&man.ndp.8; now implements garbage collection for stale
|
|
NDP entries, as described in RFC 2461 (Neighbor Discovery
|
|
for IP Version 6 (IPv6)). &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">pim6dd(8) and pim6sd(8) have been removed due
|
|
to restrictive licensing conditions. These programs are
|
|
available in the ports collection as
|
|
<filename role="package">net/pim6dd</filename> and
|
|
<filename role="package">net/pim6sd</filename>. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">&man.route6d.8; now supports an <option>-n</option> flag
|
|
to avoid updating the kernel forwarding
|
|
table. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">The <option>-R</option> (router renumbering) option to
|
|
&man.rtadvd.8; is currently ignored. &merged;</para>
|
|
</sect4>
|
|
|
|
<sect4>
|
|
<title>OpenSSH</title>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic"><application>OpenSSH</application> has been updated to
|
|
2.9, which provides support for the SSH2 protocol (now the
|
|
default) and DSA keys. &man.ssh-add.1; and
|
|
&man.ssh-agent.1; can now handle DSA keys, with support for
|
|
authentication forwarding.
|
|
<application>OpenSSH</application> users in the USA no
|
|
longer need to rely on the restrictively-licensed RSAREF
|
|
toolkit which is required to handle RSA keys. Among other
|
|
new features: A client and server for &man.sftp.1; has been added.
|
|
&man.scp.1; can now handle files larger than 2 GBytes. A
|
|
limit on the number of outstanding, unauthenticated
|
|
connections in &man.sshd.8; has been added. Support has
|
|
been added for the Rijndael encryption algorithm. Rekeying
|
|
of existing sessions is now supported, and an experimental
|
|
<application>SOCKS4</application> proxy has been added to
|
|
&man.ssh.1;. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para><application>OpenSSH</application> has been updated to
|
|
version 3.4p1. &merged; Among the changes:
|
|
<itemizedlist>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>The <filename>*2</filename> files are obsolete
|
|
(for example,
|
|
<filename>~/.ssh/known_hosts</filename> can hold the
|
|
contents of
|
|
<filename>~/.ssh/known_hosts2</filename>).</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>&man.ssh-keygen.1; can import and export keys using
|
|
the SECSH Public Key File Format, for key exchange
|
|
with several commercial SSH implementations.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>&man.ssh-add.1; now adds all three default keys.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>&man.ssh-keygen.1; no longer defaults to a
|
|
specific key type; one must be specified with the
|
|
<option>-t</option> option.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>A <quote>privilege separation</quote> feature,
|
|
which uses unprivileged processes to contain and
|
|
restrict the effects of future compromises or
|
|
programming errors.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Several bugfixes, including closure of a
|
|
security hole that could lead to an integer overflow
|
|
and undesired privilege escalation.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</itemizedlist>
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic"><application>OpenSSH</application> can now authenticate
|
|
using <application>OPIE</application> passwords. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic"><application>PAM</application> support for
|
|
<application>OpenSSH</application> has been added. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">A long-standing bug in
|
|
<application>OpenSSH</application>, which sometimes resulted
|
|
in a dropped session when an X11-forwarded client was
|
|
closed, was fixed. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic"><application>Kerberos</application> compatibility has
|
|
been added to
|
|
<application>OpenSSH</application>. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic"><application>OpenSSH</application> has been modified to
|
|
be more resistant to traffic analysis by requiring that
|
|
<quote>non-echoed</quote> characters are still echoed back
|
|
in a null packet, as well as by padding passwords sent so as
|
|
not to hint at password lengths. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">&man.sshd.8; is now enabled by default on new
|
|
installs. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">&man.sshd.8; <literal>X11Forwarding</literal> is now
|
|
turned on by default on the server (any risk is to the
|
|
client, where it is already disabled by
|
|
default). &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">In <filename>/etc/ssh/sshd_config</filename>, the
|
|
<literal>ConnectionsPerPeriod</literal> parameter has been
|
|
deprecated in favor of
|
|
<literal>MaxStartups</literal>. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic"><application>OpenSSH</application> now has a
|
|
<literal>VersionAddendum</literal> configuration setting for
|
|
&man.sshd.8; to allow changing the part of the
|
|
<application>OpenSSH</application> version string after the
|
|
main version number. &merged;</para>
|
|
</sect4>
|
|
|
|
<sect4>
|
|
<title>OpenSSL</title>
|
|
|
|
<para><application>OpenSSL</application> has been updated to
|
|
0.9.6g. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic"><application>OpenSSL</application> now has support for
|
|
machine-dependent ASM optimizations, activated by the new
|
|
<varname>MACHINE_CPU</varname> and/or
|
|
<varname>CPUTYPE</varname>
|
|
<filename>make.conf</filename> variables. &merged;</para>
|
|
</sect4>
|
|
|
|
<sect4>
|
|
<title>sendmail</title>
|
|
|
|
<para><application>sendmail</application> has been updated
|
|
from version 8.9.3 to version 8.12.6. Important changes
|
|
include: &man.sendmail.8; is no longer installed as a
|
|
set-user-ID <username>root</username> binary (now set-group-ID <groupname>smmsp</groupname>); new
|
|
default file locations (see
|
|
<filename>/usr/src/contrib/sendmail/cf/README</filename>);
|
|
&man.newaliases.1; is limited to <username>root</username>
|
|
and trusted users; STARTTLS encryption; and the MSA port
|
|
(587) is turned on by default. See
|
|
<filename>/usr/src/contrib/sendmail/RELEASE_NOTES</filename>
|
|
for more information. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">&man.mail.local.8; is no longer installed as a
|
|
set-user-ID binary. If you are using a
|
|
<filename>/etc/mail/sendmail.cf</filename> from the default
|
|
<filename>sendmail.cf</filename> included with &os; any time
|
|
after 3.1.0, you are fine. If you are using a
|
|
hand-configured <filename>sendmail.cf</filename> and
|
|
<command>mail.local</command> for delivery, check to make sure the
|
|
<literal>F=S</literal> flag is set on the
|
|
<literal>Mlocal</literal> line. Those with
|
|
<filename>.mc</filename> files who need to add the flag can
|
|
do so by adding the following line to their
|
|
<filename>.mc</filename> file and regenerating the
|
|
<filename>sendmail.cf</filename> file:</para>
|
|
|
|
<programlisting role="historic">MODIFY_MAILER_FLAGS(`LOCAL',`+S')dnl</programlisting>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">Note that <literal>FEATURE(`local_lmtp')</literal> already
|
|
does this. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">The default <filename>/etc/mail/sendmail.cf</filename>
|
|
disables the SMTP <literal>EXPN</literal> and
|
|
<literal>VRFY</literal> commands. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">&man.vacation.1; has been updated to use the version
|
|
included with <application>sendmail</application>. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">The <application>sendmail</application> configuration
|
|
building tools are installed in
|
|
<filename>/usr/share/sendmail/cf/</filename>. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">New <filename>make.conf</filename> options:
|
|
<varname>SENDMAIL_MC</varname> and
|
|
<varname>SENDMAIL_ADDITIONAL_MC</varname>. See
|
|
<filename>/usr/share/examples/etc/make.conf</filename> for more
|
|
information. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic"><filename>/etc/mail/Makefile</filename> now supports:
|
|
the new <varname>SENDMAIL_MC</varname>
|
|
<filename>make.conf</filename> option; the ability to build
|
|
<filename>.cf</filename> files from
|
|
<filename>.mc</filename> files; generalized map rebuilding;
|
|
rebuilding the aliases file; and the ability to stop, start,
|
|
and restart
|
|
<application>sendmail</application>. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">The <username>smmsp</username> and
|
|
<username>mailnull</username> users have been added to
|
|
<filename>/etc/master.passwd</filename>. In the absence of a
|
|
<literal>confDEF_USER_ID</literal> setting, by default,
|
|
<application>sendmail</application> will use the
|
|
<username>mailnull</username> user for extra security.
|
|
Previously, if the <username>mailnull</username> user did
|
|
not exist, the <username>daemon</username> user was used.
|
|
This change may generate some permissions issues when
|
|
mailing to files or to programs (such as <filename
|
|
role="package">mail/majordomo</filename>). &merged; The
|
|
previous behavior can be restored by adding the following
|
|
line to a system's
|
|
<filename><replaceable>*</replaceable>.mc</filename>
|
|
configuration file:
|
|
|
|
<programlisting>define(`confDEF_USER_ID', `daemon')</programlisting>
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">Beginning with the import of
|
|
<application>sendmail</application> 8.12.2, multiple
|
|
<application>sendmail</application> daemons (some required
|
|
to handle outgoing mail) are started by &man.rc.8;, even if
|
|
the <varname>sendmail_enable</varname> variable is set to
|
|
<literal>NO</literal>. To completely disable
|
|
<application>sendmail</application>,
|
|
<varname>sendmail_enable</varname> must be set to
|
|
<literal>NONE</literal>. Alternatively, for systems using a
|
|
different MTA, the <varname>mta_start_script</varname> variable can
|
|
be used to point to a different startup script (more details
|
|
can be found in &man.rc.sendmail.8;). &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>By default, &man.rc.8; no longer enables
|
|
<application>sendmail</application> for inbound SMTP
|
|
connections. Note that &man.sysinstall.8; may override this
|
|
default for a binary installation, based on what security
|
|
profile is selected. This functionality can also be
|
|
manually enabled by adding the following line to
|
|
<filename>/etc/rc.conf</filename>:</para>
|
|
|
|
<programlisting>sendmail_enable="YES"</programlisting>
|
|
|
|
<para>The permissions for <application>sendmail</application>
|
|
alias and map databases built via
|
|
<filename>/etc/mail/Makefile</filename> now default to mode
|
|
0640 to protect against a file locking local denial of service.
|
|
It can be changed by setting the new
|
|
<varname>SENDMAIL_MAP_PERMS</varname>
|
|
<filename>make.conf</filename> option. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>The permissions for the <application>sendmail</application>
|
|
statistics file, <filename>/var/log/sendmail.st</filename>, have
|
|
been changed from mode 0644 to mode 0640 to protect against
|
|
a file locking local denial of service. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
</sect4>
|
|
</sect3>
|
|
|
|
<sect3>
|
|
<title>Ports/Packages Collection Infrastructure</title>
|
|
|
|
<para><application>BSDPAN</application>, a collection of modules
|
|
that provides tighter integration of
|
|
<application>Perl</application> into the &os; Ports
|
|
Collection, has been added.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">&man.pkg.create.1; and &man.pkg.add.1; can now work with
|
|
packages that have been compressed using
|
|
&man.bzip2.1;. &man.pkg.add.1; will use the PACKAGEROOT
|
|
environment variable to determine a mirror site for new
|
|
packages. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">&man.pkg.create.1; now records dependencies in dependency
|
|
order rather than in the order specified on the command line.
|
|
This improves the functioning of <command>pkg_add
|
|
-r</command>. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">&man.pkg.create.1; now supports a <option>-b</option> to
|
|
create a package file from a locally-installed
|
|
package. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">When requested to delete multiple packages,
|
|
&man.pkg.delete.1; will now attempt to remove them in
|
|
dependency order rather than the order specified on the
|
|
command line. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">&man.pkg.delete.1; now can perform glob/regexp matching of
|
|
package names. In addition, it supports a <option>-a</option>
|
|
option for removing all packages and a <option>-i</option>
|
|
option for &man.rm.1;-style interactive
|
|
confirmation. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">&man.pkg.delete.1; now supports a <option>-r</option>
|
|
option for recursive package removal. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">&man.pkg.info.1; now supports globbing against names of
|
|
installed packages. The <option>-G</option> option disables
|
|
this behavior, and the <option>-x</option> option causes
|
|
regular expression matching instead of shell
|
|
globbing. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">&man.pkg.info.1; can now accept a <option>-g</option> flag
|
|
for verifying an installed package against its recorded
|
|
checksums (to see if it's been modified post-installation).
|
|
Naturally, this mechanism is only as secure as the contents of
|
|
<filename>/var/db/pkg</filename> if it's to be used for auditing
|
|
purposes. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">&man.pkg.sign.1; and &man.pkg.check.1; have been added to
|
|
digitally sign and verify the signatures on binary package
|
|
files. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>For some time, &os; 5.0-CURRENT (as well as some 4.X
|
|
releases) included a pkg_update(1) utility to update installed
|
|
packages, as well as their dependencies. This utility has
|
|
been removed; a superset of its functionality can be found in
|
|
the <filename role="package">sysutils/portupgrade</filename>
|
|
port.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">&man.pkg.version.1; now has a version number comparison
|
|
routine that corresponds to the Porters Handbook. It also has
|
|
a <option>-t</option> option for testing address comparisons.
|
|
&merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">&man.pkg.version.1; now takes a <option>-s</option> flag
|
|
to limit its operation to ports/packages matching a given
|
|
string. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>&man.pkg.version.1;, formerly a Perl script, has been
|
|
rewritten in C. The <option>-c</option>, frequently misused,
|
|
has been removed. The <filename
|
|
role="package">sysutils/portupgrade</filename> port provides a
|
|
supported and safer alternative.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">Version numbers of installed packages have a new
|
|
(backward-compatible) syntax, which supports the
|
|
<varname>PORTREVISION</varname> and
|
|
<varname>PORTEPOCH</varname> variables in Ports Collection
|
|
<filename>Makefile</filename>s. These changes help keep track
|
|
of changes in the ports collection entries such as security
|
|
patches or &os;-specific updates, which aren't reflected in
|
|
the original, third-party software distributions.
|
|
&man.pkg.version.1; can now compare these new-style version
|
|
numbers. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">To improve performance and disk utilization, the
|
|
<quote>ports skeletons</quote> in the &os; Ports Collection
|
|
have been restructured. Installed ports and packages should
|
|
not be affected. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para role="historic">All packages and ports now contain an
|
|
<quote>origin</quote> directive, which makes it easier for
|
|
programs such as &man.pkg.version.1; to determine the
|
|
directory from which a package was built. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>The Ports Collection infrastructure now uses
|
|
<application>XFree86</application> 4.2.1 as the default version
|
|
of the X Window System for the purposes of satisfying
|
|
dependencies. To return to using
|
|
<application>XFree86</application> 3.3.6, add the following line
|
|
to <filename>/etc/make.conf</filename>: &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<programlisting>XFREE86_VERSION=3</programlisting>
|
|
|
|
<para>The libraries installed by the <filename
|
|
role="package">emulators/linux_base</filename> port (required
|
|
for Linux emulation) have been updated; they now correspond to
|
|
those included with <application>Red Hat Linux</application>
|
|
7.1. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>By default, packages generated by the Ports Collection (as
|
|
well as the packages on the FTP sites) are now compressed
|
|
using &man.bzip2.1;, rather than &man.gzip.1;. (Thus, they
|
|
now have a <filename>.tbz</filename> extension, rather than a
|
|
<filename>.tgz</filename> extension.) The package
|
|
tools have been updated to handle the new format.</para>
|
|
</sect3>
|
|
</sect2>
|
|
|
|
<sect2>
|
|
<title>Release Engineering and Integration</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>The <filename>bin</filename> distribution has been renamed
|
|
<filename>base</filename>, in order to make creation of combined
|
|
install/recovery disks easier.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para arch="i386">ISO images and CDROMs now use the
|
|
<filename>cdboot</filename> boot loader by default. This
|
|
eliminates the need for an emulated floppy disk image on
|
|
a bootable CDROM and allows for a full
|
|
<filename>GENERIC</filename> kernel to be used for CDROM
|
|
installations, at the expense of compatability with some old
|
|
BIOSs.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para arch="i386,pc98,alpha" role="historic"><application>XFree86</application> 4.2.0
|
|
is now the default version of the X Window System supported by
|
|
&man.sysinstall.8;. It installs
|
|
<application>XFree86</application> as a set of standard binary
|
|
packages, so the usual package utilities such as
|
|
&man.pkg.info.1; can be used to examine/manipulate its
|
|
components. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>It is now possible to make releases of &os;
|
|
5-CURRENT on a &os; 4-STABLE host and vice versa. Cross-architecture
|
|
(building a release for a target architecture on a host of a
|
|
different architecture) releases are also possible. See
|
|
&man.release.7; for details. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>A third <filename>drivers.flp</filename> floppy has been
|
|
added to floppy releases. It holds loadable modules
|
|
containing drivers that do not fit in the kernel on the
|
|
<filename>kern.flp</filename> disk or in the
|
|
<filename>mfsroot.flp</filename> image.</para>
|
|
</sect2>
|
|
|
|
<sect2>
|
|
<title>Documentation</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>A number of formerly-encumbered documents from the 4.4 BSD
|
|
Programmer's Supplementary Documents have been restored to
|
|
<filename>/usr/share/doc/psd</filename>. These include:</para>
|
|
|
|
<itemizedlist>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para><emphasis>The UNIX Time-Sharing System</emphasis>
|
|
(<filename>01.cacm</filename>)</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para><emphasis>UNIX Implementation</emphasis>
|
|
(<filename>02.implement</filename>)</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para><emphasis>The UNIX I/O System</emphasis>
|
|
(<filename>03.iosys</filename>)</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para><emphasis>UNIX Programming — Second Edition</emphasis>
|
|
(<filename>04.uprog</filename>)</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para><emphasis>The C Programming Language — Reference Manual</emphasis>
|
|
(<filename>06.Clang</filename>)</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para><emphasis>Yacc: Yet Another Compiler-Compiler</emphasis>
|
|
(<filename>15.yacc</filename>)</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para><emphasis>Lex — A Lexical Analyzer Generator</emphasis>
|
|
(<filename>16.lex</filename>)</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para><emphasis>The M4 Macro Processor</emphasis>
|
|
(<filename>17.m4</filename>)</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</itemizedlist>
|
|
|
|
<para>Several formerly-encumbered documents from the 4.4 BSD
|
|
User's Supplementary Documents have been restored to
|
|
<filename>/usr/share/doc/usd</filename>. They include:</para>
|
|
|
|
<itemizedlist>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para><emphasis>NROFF/TROFF User's Manual</emphasis>
|
|
(<filename>21.troff</filename>)</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para><emphasis>A TROFF Tutorial</emphasis>
|
|
(<filename>22.trofftut</filename>)</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</itemizedlist>
|
|
</sect2>
|
|
|
|
</sect1>
|
|
|
|
<sect1>
|
|
<title>Upgrading from previous releases of &os;</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>Users with existing &os; systems are
|
|
<emphasis>highly</emphasis> encouraged to read the <quote>Early
|
|
Adopter's Guide to &os; 5.0</quote>. This document generally has
|
|
the filename <filename>EARLY.TXT</filename> on the distribution
|
|
media, or any other place that the release notes can be found. It
|
|
offers some notes on upgrading, but more importantly, also
|
|
discusses some of the relative merits of upgrading to &os;
|
|
5.<replaceable>X</replaceable> versus running &os;
|
|
4.<replaceable>X</replaceable>.</para>
|
|
|
|
<important>
|
|
<para>Upgrading &os; should, of course, only be attempted after
|
|
backing up <emphasis>all</emphasis> data and configuration
|
|
files.</para>
|
|
</important>
|
|
</sect1>
|