279 lines
7.2 KiB
Groff
279 lines
7.2 KiB
Groff
.\" Copyright (c) 1980, 1991, 1993
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.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
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.\"
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.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
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.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
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.\" are met:
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.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
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.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
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.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
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.\" 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
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.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
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.\" without specific prior written permission.
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.\"
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.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
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.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
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.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
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.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
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.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
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.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
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.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
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.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
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.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
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.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
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.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
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.\"
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.\" @(#)config.8 8.2 (Berkeley) 4/19/94
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.\" $FreeBSD$
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.\"
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.Dd April 9, 2021
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.Dt CONFIG 8
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.Os
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.Sh NAME
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.Nm config
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.Nd build system configuration files
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.Sh SYNOPSIS
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.Nm
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.Op Fl CVgp
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.Op Fl I Ar path
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.Op Fl d Ar destdir
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.Op Fl s Ar srcdir
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.Ar SYSTEM_NAME
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.Nm
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.Op Fl x Ar kernel
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.Sh DESCRIPTION
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The
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.Nm
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utility builds a set of system configuration files from the file
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.Ar SYSTEM_NAME
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which describes
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the system to configure.
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A second file
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tells
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.Nm
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what files are needed to generate a system and
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can be augmented by configuration specific set of files
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that give alternate files for a specific machine
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(see the
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.Sx FILES
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section below).
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.Pp
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Available options and operands:
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.Bl -tag -width "SYSTEM_NAME"
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.It Fl V
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Print the
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.Nm
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version number.
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.It Fl C
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If the INCLUDE_CONFIG_FILE is present in a configuration file,
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kernel image will contain full configuration files included
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literally (preserving comments).
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This flag is kept for backward compatibility.
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.It Fl I Ar path
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Search in
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.Ar path
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for any file included by the
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.Ic include
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directive.
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This option may be specified more than once.
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.It Fl d Ar destdir
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Use
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.Ar destdir
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as the output directory, instead of the default one.
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Note that
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.Nm
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does not append
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.Ar SYSTEM_NAME
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to the directory given.
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.It Fl s Ar srcdir
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Use
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.Ar srcdir
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as the source directory, instead of the default one.
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.It Fl m
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Print the MACHINE and MACHINE_ARCH values for this
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kernel and exit.
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.It Fl g
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Configure a system for debugging.
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.It Fl x Ar kernel
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Print kernel configuration file embedded into a kernel
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file.
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This option makes sense only if
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.Cd "options INCLUDE_CONFIG_FILE"
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entry was present in your configuration file.
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.It Ar SYSTEM_NAME
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Specify the name of the system configuration file
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containing device specifications, configuration options
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and other system parameters for one system configuration.
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.El
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.Pp
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The
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.Nm
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utility should be run from the
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.Pa conf
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subdirectory of the system source (usually
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.Pa /sys/ Ns Va ARCH Ns Pa /conf ) ,
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where
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.Va ARCH
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represents one of the architectures supported by
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.Fx .
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The
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.Nm
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utility creates the directory
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.Pa ../compile/ Ns Ar SYSTEM_NAME
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or the one given with the
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.Fl d
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option
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as necessary and places all output files there.
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The output of
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.Nm
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consists of a number of files; for the
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.Tn i386 ,
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they are:
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.Pa Makefile ,
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used by
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.Xr make 1
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in building the system;
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header files,
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definitions of
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the number of various devices that will be compiled into the system.
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.Pp
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The
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.Nm
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utility looks for kernel sources in the directory
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.Pa ../..
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or the one given with the
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.Fl s
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option.
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.Pp
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After running
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.Nm ,
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it is necessary to run
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.Dq Li make depend
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in the directory where the new makefile
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was created.
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The
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.Nm
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utility prints a reminder of this when it completes.
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.Pp
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If any other error messages are produced by
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.Nm ,
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the problems in the configuration file should be corrected and
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.Nm
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should be run again.
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Attempts to compile a system that had configuration errors
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are likely to fail.
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.Sh DEBUG KERNELS
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Traditional
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.Bx
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kernels are compiled without symbols due to the heavy load on the
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system when compiling a
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.Dq debug
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kernel.
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A debug kernel contains complete symbols for all the source files, and
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enables an experienced kernel programmer to analyse the cause of a problem.
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The
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debuggers available prior to
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.Bx 4.4 Lite
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were able to find some information
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from a normal kernel;
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.Xr gdb 1 Pq Pa ports/devel/gdb
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provides very little support for normal kernels, and a debug kernel is needed
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for any meaningful analysis.
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.Pp
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For reasons of history, time and space, building a debug kernel is not the
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default with
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.Fx :
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a debug kernel takes up to 30% longer to build and
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requires about 30 MB of disk storage in the build directory, compared to about 6
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MB for a non-debug kernel.
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A debug kernel is about 11 MB in size, compared to
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about 2 MB for a non-debug kernel.
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This space is used both in the root file
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system and at run time in memory.
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Use the
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.Fl g
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option to build a debug kernel.
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With this option,
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.Nm
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causes two kernel files to be built in the kernel build directory:
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.Bl -bullet
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.It
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.Pa kernel.debug
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is the complete debug kernel.
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.It
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.Pa kernel
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is a copy of the kernel with the debug symbols stripped off.
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This is equivalent
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to the normal non-debug kernel.
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.El
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.Pp
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There is currently little sense in installing and booting from a debug kernel,
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since the only tools available which use the symbols do not run on-line.
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There
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are therefore two options for installing a debug kernel:
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.Bl -bullet
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.It
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.Dq Li "make install"
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installs
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.Pa kernel
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in the root file system.
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.It
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.Dq Li "make install.debug"
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installs
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.Pa kernel.debug
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in the root file system.
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.El
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.Sh FILES
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.Bl -tag -width "/sys/ARCH/compile/SYSTEM_NAME" -compact
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.It Pa /sys/conf/files
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list of common files system is built from
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.It Pa /sys/conf/Makefile . Ns Va ARCH
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generic makefile for the
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.Va ARCH
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.It Pa /sys/conf/files . Ns Va ARCH
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list of
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.Va ARCH
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specific files
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.It Pa /sys/ Ns Va ARCH Ns Pa /compile/ Ns Ar SYSTEM_NAME
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default kernel build directory for system
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.Ar SYSTEM_NAME
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on
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.Va ARCH .
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.El
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.Sh SEE ALSO
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.Xr config 5
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.Pp
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The
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.Sx SYNOPSIS
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portion of each device in section 4.
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.Rs
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.\" 4.4BSD SMM:2
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.%A S. J. Leffler
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.%A M. J. Karels
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.%T "Building 4.3 BSD UNIX System with Config"
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.%B 4.4BSD System Manager's Manual (SMM)
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.Re
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.Sh HISTORY
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The
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.Nm
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utility appeared in
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.Bx 4.1 .
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.Pp
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Before support for
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.Fl x
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was introduced,
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.Cd "options INCLUDE_CONFIG_FILE"
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included entire configuration file that used to be embedded in
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the new kernel.
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This meant that
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.Xr strings 1
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could be used to extract it from a kernel:
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to extract the configuration information, you had to use
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the command:
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.Pp
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.Dl "strings -n 3 kernel | sed -n 's/^___//p'"
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.Sh BUGS
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The line numbers reported in error messages are usually off by one.
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