447 lines
13 KiB
Groff
447 lines
13 KiB
Groff
.\" Copyright (c) 2005 Chris Jones
|
|
.\" All rights reserved.
|
|
.\"
|
|
.\" This software was developed for the FreeBSD Project by Chris Jones
|
|
.\" thanks to the support of Google's Summer of Code program and
|
|
.\" mentoring by Lukas Ertl.
|
|
.\"
|
|
.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
|
|
.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
|
|
.\" are met:
|
|
.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
|
|
.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
|
|
.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
|
|
.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
|
|
.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
|
|
.\"
|
|
.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
|
|
.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
|
|
.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
|
|
.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
|
|
.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
|
|
.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
|
|
.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
|
|
.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
|
|
.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
|
|
.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
|
|
.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
|
|
.\"
|
|
.\" $FreeBSD$
|
|
.\"
|
|
.Dd April 10, 2009
|
|
.Dt GVINUM 8
|
|
.Os
|
|
.Sh NAME
|
|
.Nm gvinum
|
|
.Nd Logical Volume Manager control program
|
|
.Sh SYNOPSIS
|
|
.Nm
|
|
.Op Ar command
|
|
.Op Fl options
|
|
.Sh COMMANDS
|
|
.Bl -tag -width indent
|
|
.It Ic attach Ar plex volume Op Cm rename
|
|
.It Ic attach Ar subdisk plex Oo Ar offset Oc Op Cm rename
|
|
Attach a plex to a volume, or a subdisk to a plex.
|
|
If offset is specified, the subdisk will be attached to the given offset within
|
|
the plex.
|
|
If rename is specified, the subdisk or plex will change name according to the
|
|
object it attaches to.
|
|
.It Ic checkparity Oo Fl f Oc Ar plex
|
|
Check the parity blocks of a RAID-5 plex.
|
|
The parity check will start at the
|
|
beginning of the plex if the
|
|
.Fl f
|
|
flag is specified, or otherwise at the location of the parity check pointer,
|
|
the first location at which plex's parity is incorrect.
|
|
All subdisks in the
|
|
plex must be up for a parity check.
|
|
.It Ic concat Oo Fl fv Oc Oo Fl n Ar name Oc Ar drives
|
|
Create a concatenated volume from the specified drives.
|
|
If no name is specified, a unique name will be set by
|
|
.Ic gvinum .
|
|
.It Ic create Oo Fl f Oc Op Ar description-file
|
|
Create a volume as described in
|
|
.Ar description-file .
|
|
If no
|
|
.Ar description-file
|
|
provided, opens an editor and provides the current
|
|
.Nm
|
|
configuration for editing.
|
|
The
|
|
.Fl f
|
|
flag will make gvinum ignore any errors regarding creating objects that already
|
|
exists.
|
|
However, in contrast to vinum, objects that are not properly named in the
|
|
.Ar description-file
|
|
will not be created when the
|
|
.Fl f
|
|
flag is given.
|
|
.It Ic detach Oo Fl f Oc Op Ar plex | subdisk
|
|
Detach a plex or subdisk from the volume or plex to which it is
|
|
attached.
|
|
.It Ic grow Ar plex device
|
|
Grow a plex by creating a gvinum drive and subdisk on device and attach it to
|
|
the plex.
|
|
If required by the plex organization, it will be put into the growable state.
|
|
.It Ic help
|
|
Provides a synopsis of
|
|
.Nm
|
|
commands and arguments.
|
|
.It Ic l | list Oo Fl rvV Oc Op Ar volume | plex | subdisk
|
|
.It Ic ld Oo Fl rvV Oc Op Ar drive ...
|
|
.It Ic ls Oo Fl rvV Oc Op Ar subdisk ...
|
|
.It Ic lp Oo Fl rvV Oc Op Ar plex ...
|
|
.It Ic lv Oo Fl rvV Oc Op Ar volume ...
|
|
List information about the relevant object(s).
|
|
The
|
|
.Fl r
|
|
flag provides recursive display, showing each object's subordinate objects in
|
|
proper relation.
|
|
The
|
|
.Fl v
|
|
and
|
|
.Fl V
|
|
flags provide progressively more detailed output.
|
|
.It Ic mirror Oo Fl fsv Oc Oo Fl n Ar name Oc Ar drives
|
|
Create a mirrored volume from the specified drives.
|
|
It requires at least a multiple of 2 drives.
|
|
If no name is specified, a unique name will be set by gvinum.
|
|
If the
|
|
.Fl s
|
|
flag is specified, a striped mirror will be created, and thus requires a
|
|
multiple of 4 drives.
|
|
.It Ic move | mv Fl f Ar drive subdisk Op Ar ...
|
|
Move the subdisk(s) to the specified drive.
|
|
The
|
|
.Fl f
|
|
flag is required, as all data on the indicated subdisk(s) will be destroyed as
|
|
part of the move.
|
|
This can currently only be done when the subdisk is
|
|
not being accessed.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
If a single subdisk is moved, and it forms a part of a RAID-5 plex, the moved
|
|
subdisks will need to be set to the
|
|
.Dq stale
|
|
state, and the plex will require a
|
|
.Ic start
|
|
command.
|
|
If multiple subdisk(s) is moved, and form part of a RAID-5 plex, the
|
|
moved disk(s) will need to be set to the
|
|
.Dq up
|
|
state and the plex will require a
|
|
.Ic rebuildparity
|
|
command.
|
|
If the subdisk(s) form part of a plex that is mirrored with other
|
|
plexes, the plex will require restarting and will sync once restarted.
|
|
Moving
|
|
more than one subdisk in a RAID-5 plex or subdisks from both sides of a
|
|
mirrored plex volume will destroy data.
|
|
Note that parity rebuilds and syncing
|
|
must be started manually after a move.
|
|
.It Ic printconfig
|
|
Write a copy of the current configuration to standard output.
|
|
.It Ic quit
|
|
Exit
|
|
.Nm
|
|
when running in interactive mode.
|
|
Normally this would be done by entering the
|
|
EOF character.
|
|
.It Ic raid5 Oo Fl fv Oc Oo Fl s Ar stripesize Oc Oo Fl n Ar name Oc Ar drives
|
|
Create a RAID-5 volume from the specified drives.
|
|
If no name is specified, a unique name will be set by
|
|
.Ic gvinum .
|
|
This organization requires at least three drives.
|
|
.It Ic rename Oo Fl r Oc Ar drive | subdisk | plex | volume newname
|
|
Change the name of the specified object.
|
|
The
|
|
.Fl r
|
|
flag will recursively rename subordinate objects.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Note that device nodes will not be renamed until
|
|
.Nm
|
|
is restarted.
|
|
.It Ic rebuildparity Oo Fl f Oc Ar plex
|
|
Rebuild the parity blocks of a RAID-5 plex.
|
|
The parity rebuild will start at
|
|
the beginning of the plex if the
|
|
.Fl f
|
|
flag is specified, or otherwise at the location of the parity check pointer.
|
|
All subdisks in the plex must be up for a parity check.
|
|
.It Ic resetconfig
|
|
Reset the complete
|
|
.Nm
|
|
configuration.
|
|
.It Ic rm Oo Fl r Oc Ar volume | plex | subdisk
|
|
Remove an object and, if
|
|
.Fl r
|
|
is specified, its subordinate objects.
|
|
.It Ic saveconfig
|
|
Save
|
|
.Nm
|
|
configuration to disk after configuration failures.
|
|
.It Ic setstate Oo Fl f Oc Ar state volume | plex | subdisk | drive
|
|
Set state without influencing other objects, for diagnostic purposes
|
|
only.
|
|
The
|
|
.Fl f
|
|
flag forces state changes regardless of whether they are legal.
|
|
.It Ic start
|
|
Read configuration from all vinum drives.
|
|
.It Ic start Oo Fl S Ar size Oc Ar volume | plex | subdisk
|
|
Allow the system to access the objects.
|
|
If necessary, plexes will be synced and rebuilt.
|
|
If a subdisk was added to a running RAID-5 or striped plex, gvinum will
|
|
expand into this subdisk and grow the whole RAID-5 array.
|
|
This can be done without unmounting your filesystem.
|
|
The
|
|
.Fl S
|
|
flag is currently ignored.
|
|
.It Ic stop Oo Fl f Oc Op Ar volume | plex | subdisk
|
|
Terminate access to the objects, or stop
|
|
.Nm
|
|
if no parameters are specified.
|
|
.It Ic stripe Oo Fl fv Oc Oo Fl n Ar name Oc Ar drives
|
|
Create a striped volume from the specified drives. If no name is specified,
|
|
a unique name will be set by
|
|
.Ic gvinum .
|
|
This organization requires at least two drives.
|
|
.El
|
|
.Sh DESCRIPTION
|
|
The
|
|
.Nm
|
|
utility communicates with the kernel component of the GVinum logical volume
|
|
manager.
|
|
It is designed either for interactive use, when started without
|
|
command line arguments, or to execute a single command if the command is
|
|
supplied on the command line.
|
|
In interactive mode,
|
|
.Nm
|
|
maintains a command line history.
|
|
.Sh OPTIONS
|
|
The
|
|
.Nm
|
|
commands may be followed by an option.
|
|
.Bl -tag -width indent
|
|
.It Fl f
|
|
The
|
|
.Fl f
|
|
.Pq Dq force
|
|
option overrides safety checks.
|
|
It should be used with extreme caution.
|
|
This
|
|
option is required in order to use the
|
|
.Ic move
|
|
command.
|
|
.It Fl r
|
|
The
|
|
.Fl r
|
|
.Pq Dq recursive
|
|
option applies the command recursively to subordinate objects.
|
|
For example, in
|
|
conjunction with the
|
|
.Ic lv
|
|
command, the
|
|
.Fl r
|
|
option will also show information about the plexes and subdisks belonging to
|
|
the volume.
|
|
It is also used by the
|
|
.Ic rename
|
|
command to indicate that subordinate objects such as subdisks should be renamed
|
|
to match the object(s) specified and by the
|
|
.Ic rm
|
|
command to delete plexes belonging to a volume and so on.
|
|
.It Fl v
|
|
The
|
|
.Fl v
|
|
.Pq Dq verbose
|
|
option provides more detailed output.
|
|
.It Fl V
|
|
The
|
|
.Fl V
|
|
.Pq Dq "very verbose"
|
|
option provides even more detailed output than
|
|
.Fl v .
|
|
.El
|
|
.Sh ENVIRONMENT
|
|
.Bl -tag -width ".Ev EDITOR"
|
|
.It Ev EDITOR
|
|
The name of the editor to use for editing configuration files, by
|
|
default
|
|
.Xr vi 1
|
|
is invoked.
|
|
.El
|
|
.Sh FILES
|
|
.Bl -tag -width ".Pa /dev/gvinum/plex"
|
|
.It Pa /dev/gvinum
|
|
directory with device nodes for
|
|
.Nm
|
|
objects
|
|
.El
|
|
.Sh EXAMPLES
|
|
To create a mirror on disks /dev/ad1 and /dev/ad2, create a filesystem, mount,
|
|
unmount and then stop
|
|
.Ic gvinum :
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.Dl "gvinum mirror /dev/ad1 /dev/ad2"
|
|
.Dl "newfs /dev/gvinum/gvinumvolume0"
|
|
.Dl "mount /dev/gvinum/gvinumvolume0 /mnt"
|
|
.Dl "..."
|
|
.Dl "unmount /mnt"
|
|
.Dl "gvinum stop"
|
|
.Pp
|
|
To create a striped mirror on disks /dev/ad1 /dev/ad2 /dev/ad3 and /dev/ad4
|
|
named "data" and create a filesystem:
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.Dl "gvinum mirror -s -n data /dev/ad1 /dev/ad2 /dev/ad3 /dev/ad4"
|
|
.Dl "newfs /dev/gvinum/data"
|
|
.Pp
|
|
To create a raid5 array on disks /dev/ad1 /dev/ad2 and /dev/ad3, with stripesize
|
|
493k you can use the raid5 command:
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.Dl "gvinum raid5 -s 493k /dev/ad1 /dev/ad2 /dev/ad3"
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Then the volume will be created automatically.
|
|
Afterwards, you have to initialize the volume:
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.Dl "gvinum start myraid5vol"
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The initialization will start, and the states will be updated when it's
|
|
finished.
|
|
The list command will give you information about its progress.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Imagine that one of the drives fails, and the output of 'printconfig' looks
|
|
something like this:
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.Dl "drive gvinumdrive1 device /dev/ad2"
|
|
.Dl "drive gvinumdrive2 device /dev/???"
|
|
.Dl "drive gvinumdrive0 device /dev/ad1"
|
|
.Dl "volume myraid5vol"
|
|
.Dl "plex name myraid5vol.p0 org raid5 986s vol myraid5vol"
|
|
.Dl "sd name myraid5vol.p0.s2 drive gvinumdrive2 len 32538s driveoffset 265s"
|
|
.Dl "plex myraid5vol.p0 plexoffset 1972s"
|
|
.Dl "sd name myraid5vol.p0.s1 drive gvinumdrive1 len 32538s driveoffset 265s"
|
|
.Dl "plex myraid5vol.p0 plexoffset 986s"
|
|
.Dl "sd name myraid5vol.p0.s0 drive gvinumdrive0 len 32538s driveoffset 265s"
|
|
.Dl "plex myraid5vol.p0 plexoffset 0s"
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Create a new drive with this configuration:
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.Dl "drive gdrive4 device /dev/ad4"
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Then move the stale subdisk to the new drive:
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.Dl "gvinum move gdrive4 myraid5vol.p0.s2"
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Then, initiate the rebuild:
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.Dl "gvinum start myraid5vol.p0"
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The plex will go up form degraded mode after the rebuild is finished.
|
|
The plex can still be used while the rebuild is in progress, although requests
|
|
might be delayed.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Given the configuration as in the previous example, growing a RAID-5 or STRIPED
|
|
array is accomplished by using the grow command:
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.Dl "gvinum grow myraid5vol.p0 /dev/ad4"
|
|
.Pp
|
|
If everything went ok, the plex state should now be set to growable.
|
|
You can then start the growing with the
|
|
.Ic start
|
|
command:
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.Dl "gvinum start myraid5vol.p0"
|
|
.Pp
|
|
As with rebuilding, you can watch the progress using the
|
|
.Ic list
|
|
command.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
For a more advanced usage and detailed explanation of gvinum, the
|
|
handbook is recommended.
|
|
.Sh SEE ALSO
|
|
.Xr geom 4 ,
|
|
.Xr geom 8
|
|
.Sh HISTORY
|
|
The
|
|
.Nm
|
|
utility first appeared in
|
|
.Fx 5.3 .
|
|
The
|
|
.Nm vinum
|
|
utility, on which
|
|
.Nm
|
|
is based, was written by
|
|
.An "Greg Lehey" .
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The
|
|
.Nm
|
|
utility
|
|
was written by
|
|
.An "Lukas Ertl" .
|
|
The
|
|
.Ic move
|
|
and
|
|
.Ic rename
|
|
commands and
|
|
documentation were added by
|
|
.An "Chris Jones"
|
|
through the 2005 Google Summer
|
|
of Code program.
|
|
A partial rewrite of gvinum was done by
|
|
.An "Lukas Ertl"
|
|
and
|
|
.An "Ulf Lilleengen"
|
|
through the 2007 Google Summer of Code program.
|
|
The documentation have been updated to reflect the new functionality.
|
|
.Sh AUTHORS
|
|
.An Lukas Ertl Aq le@FreeBSD.org
|
|
.An Chris Jones Aq soc-cjones@FreeBSD.org
|
|
.An Ulf Lilleengen Aq lulf@FreeBSD.org
|
|
.Sh BUGS
|
|
Currently,
|
|
.Nm
|
|
does not rename devices in
|
|
.Pa /dev/gvinum
|
|
until reloaded.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The
|
|
.Fl S
|
|
initsize flag to
|
|
.Ic start
|
|
is ignored.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Moving subdisks that are not part of a mirrored or RAID-5 volume will
|
|
destroy data.
|
|
It is perhaps a bug to permit this.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Plexes in which subdisks have been moved do not automatically sync or
|
|
rebuild parity.
|
|
This may leave data unprotected and is perhaps unwise.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Currently,
|
|
.Nm
|
|
does not yet fully implement all of the functions found in
|
|
.Nm vinum .
|
|
Specifically, the following commands from
|
|
.Nm vinum
|
|
are not supported:
|
|
.Bl -tag -width indent
|
|
.It Ic debug
|
|
Cause the volume manager to enter the kernel debugger.
|
|
.It Ic debug Ar flags
|
|
Set debugging flags.
|
|
.It Ic dumpconfig Op Ar drive ...
|
|
List the configuration information stored on the specified drives, or all
|
|
drives in the system if no drive names are specified.
|
|
.It Ic info Op Fl vV
|
|
List information about volume manager state.
|
|
.It Ic label Ar volume
|
|
Create a volume label.
|
|
.It Ic resetstats Oo Fl r Oc Op Ar volume | plex | subdisk
|
|
Reset statistics counters for the specified objects, or for all objects if none
|
|
are specified.
|
|
.It Ic setdaemon Op Ar value
|
|
Set daemon configuration.
|
|
.El
|