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parentheses if the continuation indent is exactly half of the main indent. Indenting one contination indent for every level of parentheses gives bad results in most cases and is not what is done in about 90% of properly hand-formatted KNF code (sys/kern/*.c, nvi/common/*.c). The main advantage of the non-default KNF options -nlp -ci4 is that continuation lines don't accidentally line up with the next main indentation level or march to the right, and increasing their indentation defeats this. This behaviour change is limited to when the continuation indent is exactly half of the main indent to avoid adding yet another option.
479 lines
13 KiB
Groff
479 lines
13 KiB
Groff
.\" Copyright (c) 1980, 1990, 1993
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.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
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.\" Copyright (c) 1976 Board of Trustees of the University of Illinois.
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.\" All rights reserved.
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.\"
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.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
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.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
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.\" are met:
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.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
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.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
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.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
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.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
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.\" must display the following acknowledgement:
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.\" This product includes software developed by the University of
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.\" California, Berkeley and its contributors.
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.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
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.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
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.\" without specific prior written permission.
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.\"
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.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
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.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
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.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
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.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
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.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
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.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
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.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
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.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
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.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
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.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
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.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
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.\"
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.\" @(#)indent.1 8.1 (Berkeley) 7/1/93
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.\" $FreeBSD$
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.\"
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.Dd Februrary 13, 2004
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.Dt INDENT 1
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.Os
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.Sh NAME
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.Nm indent
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.Nd indent and format C program source
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.Sh SYNOPSIS
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.Nm
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.Op Ar input-file Op Ar output-file
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.Op Fl bad | Fl nbad
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.Op Fl bap | Fl nbap
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.Bk -words
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.Op Fl bbb | Fl nbbb
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.Ek
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.Op Fl \&bc | Fl nbc
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.Op Fl \&bl
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.Op Fl \&br
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.Op Fl c Ns Ar n
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.Op Fl \&cd Ns Ar n
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.Bk -words
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.Op Fl cdb | Fl ncdb
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.Ek
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.Op Fl \&ce | Fl nce
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.Op Fl \&ci Ns Ar n
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.Op Fl cli Ns Ar n
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.Op Fl d Ns Ar n
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.Op Fl \&di Ns Ar n
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.Bk -words
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.Op Fl fc1 | Fl nfc1
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.Op Fl fcb | Fl nfcb
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.Ek
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.Op Fl i Ns Ar n
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.Op Fl \&ip | Fl nip
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.Op Fl l Ns Ar n
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.Op Fl \&lc Ns Ar n
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.Op Fl \&ldi Ns Ar n
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.Op Fl \&lp | Fl nlp
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.Op Fl npro
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.Op Fl pcs | Fl npcs
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.Op Fl psl | Fl npsl
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.Op Fl \&sc | Fl nsc
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.Bk -words
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.Op Fl sob | Fl nsob
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.Ek
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.Op Fl \&st
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.Op Fl troff
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.Op Fl v | Fl \&nv
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.Sh DESCRIPTION
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The
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.Nm
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utility is a
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.Em C
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program formatter. It reformats the
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.Em C
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program in the
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.Ar input-file
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according to the switches. The switches which can be
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specified are described below. They may appear before or after the file
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names.
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.Pp
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.Sy NOTE :
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If you only specify an
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.Ar input-file ,
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the formatting is
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done `in-place', that is, the formatted file is written back into
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.Ar input-file
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and a backup copy of
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.Ar input-file
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is written in the current directory. If
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.Ar input-file
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is named
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.Sq Pa /blah/blah/file ,
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the backup file is named
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.Pa file.BAK .
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.Pp
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If
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.Ar output-file
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is specified,
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.Nm
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checks to make sure it is different from
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.Ar input-file .
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.Pp
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The options listed below control the formatting style imposed by
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.Nm .
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.Bl -tag -width Op
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.It Fl bad , nbad
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If
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.Fl bad
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is specified, a blank line is forced after every block of
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declarations. Default:
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.Fl nbad .
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.It Fl bap , nbap
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If
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.Fl bap
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is specified, a blank line is forced after every procedure body. Default:
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.Fl nbap .
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.It Fl bbb , nbbb
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If
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.Fl bbb
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is specified, a blank line is forced before every block comment. Default:
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.Fl nbbb .
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.It Fl \&bc , nbc
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If
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.Fl \&bc
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is specified, then a newline is forced after each comma in a declaration.
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.Fl nbc
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turns off this option. Default:
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.Fl \&nbc .
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.It Fl \&br , \&bl
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Specifying
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.Fl \&bl
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lines-up compound statements like this:
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.Bd -literal -offset indent
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if (...)
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{
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code
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}
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.Ed
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.Pp
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Specifying
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.Fl \&br
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(the default) makes them look like this:
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.Bd -literal -offset indent
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if (...) {
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code
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}
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.Ed
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.Pp
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.It Fl c Ns Ar n
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The column in which comments on code start. The default is 33.
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.It Fl cd Ns Ar n
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The column in which comments on declarations start. The default
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is for these comments to start in the same column as those on code.
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.It Fl cdb , ncdb
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Enables (disables) the placement of comment delimiters on blank lines. With
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this option enabled, comments look like this:
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.Bd -literal -offset indent
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/*
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* this is a comment
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*/
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.Ed
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.Pp
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Rather than like this:
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.Bd -literal -offset indent
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/* this is a comment */
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.Ed
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.Pp
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This only affects block comments, not comments to the right of
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code. The default is
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.Fl cdb .
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.It Fl ce , nce
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Enables (disables) forcing of `else's to cuddle up to the immediately preceding
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`}'. The default is
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.Fl \&ce .
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.It Fl \&ci Ns Ar n
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Sets the continuation indent to be
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.Ar n .
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Continuation
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lines will be indented that far from the beginning of the first line of the
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statement. Parenthesized expressions have extra indentation added to
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indicate the nesting, unless
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.Fl \&lp
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is in effect
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or the contination indent is exactly half of the main indent.
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.Fl \&ci
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defaults to the same value as
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.Fl i .
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.It Fl cli Ns Ar n
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Causes case labels to be indented
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.Ar n
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tab stops to the right of the containing
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.Ic switch
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statement.
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.Fl cli0.5
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causes case labels to be indented half a tab stop. The
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default is
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.Fl cli0 .
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.It Fl d Ns Ar n
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Controls the placement of comments which are not to the
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right of code. For example,
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.Fl \&d\&1
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means that such comments are placed one indentation level to the
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left of code. Specifying the default
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.Fl \&d\&0
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lines-up these comments with the code. See the section on comment
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indentation below.
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.It Fl \&di Ns Ar n
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Specifies the indentation, in character positions,
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of global variable names and all struct/union member names
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relative to the beginning of their type declaration.
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The default is
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.Fl di16 .
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.It Fl dj , ndj
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.Fl \&dj
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left justifies declarations.
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.Fl ndj
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indents declarations the same as code. The default is
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.Fl ndj .
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.It Fl \&ei , nei
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Enables (disables) special
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.Ic else-if
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processing. If it's enabled, an
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.Ic if
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following an
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.Ic else
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will have the same indentation as the preceding
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.Ic \&if
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statement. The default is
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.Fl ei .
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.It Fl fc1 , nfc1
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Enables (disables) the formatting of comments that start in column 1.
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Often, comments whose leading `/' is in column 1 have been carefully
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hand formatted by the programmer. In such cases,
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.Fl nfc1
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should be
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used. The default is
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.Fl fc1 .
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.It Fl fcb , nfcb
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|
Enables (disables) the formatting of block comments (ones that begin
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with `/*\\n').
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|
Often, block comments have been not so carefully hand formatted by the
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programmer, but reformatting that would just change the line breaks is not
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wanted.
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In such cases,
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.Fl nfcb
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should be used.
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|
Block comments are then handled like box comments.
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The default is
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.Fl fcb .
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.It Fl i Ns Ar n
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|
The number of spaces for one indentation level. The default is 8.
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|
.It Fl \&ip , nip
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|
Enables (disables) the indentation of parameter declarations from the left
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|
margin. The default is
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.Fl \&ip .
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.It Fl l Ns Ar n
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|
Maximum length of an output line. The default is 78.
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.It Fl \&ldi Ns Ar n
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|
Specifies the indentation, in character positions,
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of local variable names
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relative to the beginning of their type declaration.
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The default is for local variable names to be indented
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by the same amount as global ones.
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.It Fl \&lp , nlp
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Lines-up code surrounded by parenthesis in continuation lines. If a line
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has a left paren which is not closed on that line, then continuation lines
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|
will be lined up to start at the character position just after the left
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paren. For example, here is how a piece of continued code looks with
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.Fl nlp
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in effect:
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.Bd -literal -offset indent
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p1 = first_procedure(second_procedure(p2, p3),
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\ \ third_procedure(p4, p5));
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.Ed
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.Pp
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|
With
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.Fl lp
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in effect (the default) the code looks somewhat clearer:
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.Bd -literal -offset indent
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p1\ =\ first_procedure(second_procedure(p2,\ p3),
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\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ third_procedure(p4,\ p5));
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.Ed
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.Pp
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Inserting two more newlines we get:
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.Bd -literal -offset indent
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p1\ =\ first_procedure(second_procedure(p2,
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\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ p3),
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\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ third_procedure(p4,
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\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ p5));
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.Ed
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.It Fl npro
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Causes the profile files,
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.Sq Pa ./.indent.pro
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and
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.Sq Pa ~/.indent.pro ,
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to be ignored.
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.It Fl pcs , npcs
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|
If true
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.Pq Fl pcs
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all procedure calls will have a space inserted between
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the name and the `('. The default is
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.Fl npcs .
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.It Fl psl , npsl
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If true
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.Pq Fl psl
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the names of procedures being defined are placed in
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column 1 \- their types, if any, will be left on the previous lines. The
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default is
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.Fl psl .
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.It Fl \&sc , nsc
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|
Enables (disables) the placement of asterisks (`*'s) at the left edge of all
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comments. The default is
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.Fl sc .
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.It Fl sob , nsob
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|
If
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.Fl sob
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is specified, indent will swallow optional blank lines. You can use this to
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get rid of blank lines after declarations. Default:
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.Fl nsob .
|
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.It Fl \&st
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|
Causes
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.Nm
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|
to take its input from stdin and put its output to stdout.
|
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.It Fl T Ns Ar typename
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|
Adds
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.Ar typename
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to the list of type keywords. Names accumulate:
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.Fl T
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can be specified more than once. You need to specify all the typenames that
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appear in your program that are defined by
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.Ic typedef
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\- nothing will be
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harmed if you miss a few, but the program won't be formatted as nicely as
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it should. This sounds like a painful thing to have to do, but it's really
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a symptom of a problem in C:
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.Ic typedef
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causes a syntactic change in the
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language and
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.Nm
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can't find all
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instances of
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.Ic typedef .
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.It Fl troff
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Causes
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.Nm
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to format the program for processing by
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.Xr troff 1 .
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It will produce a fancy
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listing in much the same spirit as
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|
.Xr vgrind 1 .
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|
If the output file is not specified, the default is standard output,
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rather than formatting in place.
|
|
.It Fl v , \&nv
|
|
.Fl v
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|
turns on `verbose' mode;
|
|
.Fl \&nv
|
|
turns it off. When in verbose mode,
|
|
.Nm
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|
reports when it splits one line of input into two or more lines of output,
|
|
and gives some size statistics at completion. The default is
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|
.Fl \&nv .
|
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.El
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.Pp
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|
You may set up your own `profile' of defaults to
|
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.Nm
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|
by creating a file called
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.Pa .indent.pro
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in your login directory and/or the current directory and including
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whatever switches you like. A `.indent.pro' in the current directory takes
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precedence over the one in your login directory. If
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.Nm
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is run and a profile file exists, then it is read to set up the program's
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defaults. Switches on the command line, though, always override profile
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switches. The switches should be separated by spaces, tabs or newlines.
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.Pp
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.Ss Comments
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.Sq Em Box
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.Em comments .
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The
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.Nm
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utility
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assumes that any comment with a dash or star immediately after the start of
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comment (that is, `/*\-' or `/**') is a comment surrounded by a box of stars.
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Each line of such a comment is left unchanged, except that its indentation
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may be adjusted to account for the change in indentation of the first line
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of the comment.
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.Pp
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.Em Straight text .
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All other comments are treated as straight text.
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The
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.Nm
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utility fits as many words (separated by blanks, tabs, or newlines) on a
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line as possible. Blank lines break paragraphs.
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|
.Pp
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.Ss Comment indentation
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|
If a comment is on a line with code it is started in the `comment column',
|
|
which is set by the
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.Fl c Ns Ns Ar n
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command line parameter. Otherwise, the comment is started at
|
|
.Ar n
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indentation levels less than where code is currently being placed, where
|
|
.Ar n
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|
is specified by the
|
|
.Fl d Ns Ns Ar n
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|
command line parameter. If the code on a line extends past the comment
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|
column, the comment starts further to the right, and the right margin may be
|
|
automatically extended in extreme cases.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.Ss Preprocessor lines
|
|
In general,
|
|
.Nm
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|
leaves preprocessor lines alone. The only
|
|
reformatting that it will do is to straighten up trailing comments. It
|
|
leaves embedded comments alone. Conditional compilation
|
|
.Pq Ic #ifdef...#endif
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|
is recognized and
|
|
.Nm
|
|
attempts to correctly
|
|
compensate for the syntactic peculiarities introduced.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.Ss C syntax
|
|
The
|
|
.Nm
|
|
utility understands a substantial amount about the syntax of C, but it
|
|
has a `forgiving' parser. It attempts to cope with the usual sorts of
|
|
incomplete and misformed syntax. In particular, the use of macros like:
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.Dl #define forever for(;;)
|
|
.Pp
|
|
is handled properly.
|
|
.Sh ENVIRONMENT
|
|
The
|
|
.Nm
|
|
utility uses the
|
|
.Ev HOME
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|
environment variable.
|
|
.Sh FILES
|
|
.Bl -tag -width "./.indent.pro" -compact
|
|
.It Pa ./.indent.pro
|
|
profile file
|
|
.It Pa ~/.indent.pro
|
|
profile file
|
|
.El
|
|
.Sh HISTORY
|
|
The
|
|
.Nm
|
|
command appeared in
|
|
.Bx 4.2 .
|
|
.Sh BUGS
|
|
The
|
|
.Nm
|
|
utility has even more switches than
|
|
.Xr ls 1 .
|
|
.Pp
|
|
A common mistake that often causes grief is typing:
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.Dl indent *.c
|
|
.Pp
|
|
to the shell in an attempt to indent all the
|
|
.Em C
|
|
programs in a directory.
|
|
This is probably a bug, not a feature.
|