1185 lines
36 KiB
Groff
1185 lines
36 KiB
Groff
.\"
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.\" Copyright (c) 2004-2005
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.\" Hartmut Brandt.
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.\" All rights reserved.
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.\" Copyright (c) 2001-2003
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.\" Fraunhofer Institute for Open Communication Systems (FhG Fokus).
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.\" All rights reserved.
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.\"
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.\" Author: Harti Brandt <harti@FreeBSD.org>
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.\"
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.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
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.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
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.\" are met:
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.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
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.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
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.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
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.\"
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.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
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.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
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.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
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.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
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.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
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.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
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.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
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.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
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.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
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.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
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.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
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.\"
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.\" $Begemot: bsnmp/snmpd/snmpmod.3,v 1.14 2005/10/04 13:30:35 brandt_h Exp $
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.\"
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.Dd December 19, 2010
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.Dt SNMPMOD 3
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.Os
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.Sh NAME
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.Nm INSERT_OBJECT_OID_LINK_INDEX ,
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.Nm INSERT_OBJECT_INT_LINK_INDEX ,
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.Nm FIND_OBJECT_OID_LINK_INDEX ,
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.Nm NEXT_OBJECT_OID_LINK_INDEX ,
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.Nm FIND_OBJECT_INT_LINK_INDEX ,
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.Nm NEXT_OBJECT_INT_LINK_INDEX ,
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.Nm INSERT_OBJECT_OID_LINK ,
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.Nm INSERT_OBJECT_INT_LINK ,
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.Nm FIND_OBJECT_OID_LINK ,
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.Nm NEXT_OBJECT_OID_LINK ,
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.Nm FIND_OBJECT_INT_LINK ,
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.Nm NEXT_OBJECT_INT_LINK ,
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.Nm INSERT_OBJECT_OID ,
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.Nm INSERT_OBJECT_INT ,
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.Nm FIND_OBJECT_OID ,
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.Nm FIND_OBJECT_INT ,
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.Nm NEXT_OBJECT_OID ,
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.Nm NEXT_OBJECT_INT ,
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.Nm this_tick ,
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.Nm start_tick ,
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.Nm get_ticks ,
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.Nm systemg ,
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.Nm comm_define ,
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.Nm community ,
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.Nm oid_zeroDotZero ,
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.Nm oid_usmUnknownEngineIDs ,
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.Nm oid_usmNotInTimeWindows ,
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.Nm reqid_allocate ,
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.Nm reqid_next ,
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.Nm reqid_base ,
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.Nm reqid_istype ,
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.Nm reqid_type ,
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.Nm timer_start ,
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.Nm timer_start_repeat ,
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.Nm timer_stop ,
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.Nm fd_select ,
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.Nm fd_deselect ,
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.Nm fd_suspend ,
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.Nm fd_resume ,
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.Nm or_register ,
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.Nm or_unregister ,
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.Nm buf_alloc ,
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.Nm buf_size ,
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.Nm snmp_input_start ,
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.Nm snmp_input_finish ,
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.Nm snmp_output ,
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.Nm snmp_send_port ,
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.Nm snmp_send_trap ,
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.Nm snmp_pdu_auth_access
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.Nm string_save ,
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.Nm string_commit ,
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.Nm string_rollback ,
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.Nm string_get ,
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.Nm string_get_max ,
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.Nm string_free ,
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.Nm ip_save ,
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.Nm ip_rollback ,
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.Nm ip_commit ,
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.Nm ip_get ,
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.Nm oid_save ,
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.Nm oid_rollback ,
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.Nm oid_commit ,
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.Nm oid_get ,
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.Nm index_decode ,
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.Nm index_compare ,
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.Nm index_compare_off ,
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.Nm index_append ,
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.Nm index_append_off,
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.Nm snmpd_usmstats,
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.Nm bsnmpd_get_usm_stats,
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.Nm bsnmpd_reset_usm_stats,
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.Nm usm_first_user,
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.Nm usm_next_user,
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.Nm usm_find_user,
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.Nm usm_new_user,
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.Nm usm_delete_user,
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.Nm usm_flush_users,
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.Nm usm_user
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.Nm snmpd_target_stat
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.Nm bsnmpd_get_target_stats
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.Nm target_first_address
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.Nm target_next_address
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.Nm target_new_address
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.Nm target_activate_address
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.Nm target_delete_address
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.Nm target_first_param
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.Nm target_next_param
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.Nm target_new_param
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.Nm target_delete_param
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.Nm target_first_notify
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.Nm target_next_notify
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.Nm target_new_notify
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.Nm target_delete_notify
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.Nm target_flush_all
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.Nm target_address
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.Nm target_param
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.Nm target_notify
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.Nd "SNMP daemon loadable module interface"
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.Sh LIBRARY
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Begemot SNMP library
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.Pq libbsnmp, -lbsnmp
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.Sh SYNOPSIS
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.In bsnmp/snmpmod.h
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.Fn INSERT_OBJECT_OID_LINK_INDEX "PTR" "LIST" "LINK" "INDEX"
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.Fn INSERT_OBJECT_INT_LINK_INDEX "PTR" "LIST" "LINK" "INDEX"
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.Fn FIND_OBJECT_OID_LINK_INDEX "LIST" "OID" "SUB" "LINK" "INDEX"
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.Fn FIND_OBJECT_INT_LINK_INDEX "LIST" "OID" "SUB" "LINK" "INDEX"
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.Fn NEXT_OBJECT_OID_LINK_INDEX "LIST" "OID" "SUB" "LINK" "INDEX"
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.Fn NEXT_OBJECT_INT_LINK_INDEX "LIST" "OID" "SUB" "LINK" "INDEX"
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.Fn INSERT_OBJECT_OID_LINK "PTR" "LIST" "LINK"
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.Fn INSERT_OBJECT_INT_LINK "PTR" "LIST" "LINK"
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.Fn FIND_OBJECT_OID_LINK "LIST" "OID" "SUB" "LINK"
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.Fn FIND_OBJECT_INT_LINK "LIST" "OID" "SUB" "LINK"
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.Fn NEXT_OBJECT_OID_LINK "LIST" "OID" "SUB" "LINK"
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.Fn NEXT_OBJECT_INT_LINK "LIST" "OID" "SUB" "LINK"
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.Fn INSERT_OBJECT_OID "PTR" "LIST"
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.Fn INSERT_OBJECT_INT "PTR" "LIST"
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.Fn FIND_OBJECT_OID "LIST" "OID" "SUB"
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.Fn FIND_OBJECT_INT "LIST" "OID" "SUB"
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.Fn NEXT_OBJECT_OID "LIST" "OID" "SUB"
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.Fn NEXT_OBJECT_INT "LIST" "OID" "SUB"
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.Vt extern uint64_t this_tick ;
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.Vt extern uint64_t start_tick ;
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.Ft uint64_t
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.Fn get_ticks "void"
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.Vt extern struct systemg systemg ;
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.Ft u_int
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.Fn comm_define "u_int priv" "const char *descr" "struct lmodule *mod" "const char *str"
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.Ft const char *
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.Fn comm_string "u_int comm"
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.Vt extern u_int community ;
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.Vt extern const struct asn_oid oid_zeroDotZero ;
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.Ft u_int
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.Fn reqid_allocate "int size" "struct lmodule *mod"
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.Ft int32_t
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.Fn reqid_next "u_int type"
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.Ft int32_t
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.Fn reqid_base "u_int type"
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.Ft int
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.Fn reqid_istype "int32_t reqid" "u_int type"
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.Ft u_int
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.Fn reqid_type "int32_t reqid"
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.Ft void *
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.Fn timer_start "u_int ticks" "void (*func)(void *)" "void *uarg" "struct lmodule *mod"
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.Ft void *
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.Fn timer_start_repeat "u_int ticks" "u_int repeat_ticks" "void (*func)(void *)" "void *uarg" "struct lmodule *mod"
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.Ft void
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.Fn timer_stop "void *timer_id"
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.Ft void *
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.Fn fd_select "int fd" "void (*func)(int, void *)" "void *uarg" "struct lmodule *mod"
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.Ft void
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.Fn fd_deselect "void *fd_id"
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.Ft void
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.Fn fd_suspend "void *fd_id"
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.Ft int
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.Fn fd_resume "void *fd_id"
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.Ft u_int
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.Fn or_register "const struct asn_oid *oid" "const char *descr" "struct lmodule *mod"
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.Ft void
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.Fn or_unregister "u_int or_id"
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.Ft void *
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.Fn buf_alloc "int tx"
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.Ft size_t
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.Fn buf_size "int tx"
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.Ft enum snmpd_input_err
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.Fo snmp_input_start
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.Fa "const u_char *buf" "size_t len" "const char *source"
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.Fa "struct snmp_pdu *pdu" "int32_t *ip" "size_t *pdulen"
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.Fc
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.Ft enum snmpd_input_err
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.Fo snmp_input_finish
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.Fa "struct snmp_pdu *pdu" "const u_char *rcvbuf"
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.Fa "size_t rcvlen" "u_char *sndbuf" "size_t *sndlen" "const char *source"
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.Fa "enum snmpd_input_err ierr" "int32_t ip" "void *data"
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.Fc
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.Ft void
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.Fo snmp_output
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.Fa "struct snmp_pdu *pdu" "u_char *sndbuf" "size_t *sndlen"
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.Fa "const char *dest"
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.Fc
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.Ft void
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.Fo snmp_send_port
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.Fa "void *trans" "const struct asn_oid *port"
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.Fa "struct snmp_pdu *pdu" "const struct sockaddr *addr" "socklen_t addrlen"
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.Fc
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.Ft void
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.Fn snmp_send_trap "const struct asn_oid *oid" "..."
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.Ft enum snmp_code
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.Fn snmp_pdu_auth_access "struct snmp_pdu *pdu" "int32_t *ip"
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.Ft int
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.Fn string_save "struct snmp_value *val" "struct snmp_context *ctx" "ssize_t req_size" "u_char **strp"
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.Ft void
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.Fn string_commit "struct snmp_context *ctx"
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.Ft void
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.Fn string_rollback "struct snmp_context *ctx" "u_char **strp"
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.Ft int
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.Fn string_get "struct snmp_value *val" "const u_char *str" "ssize_t len"
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.Ft int
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.Fn string_get_max "struct snmp_value *val" "const u_char *str" "ssize_t len" "size_t maxlen"
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.Ft void
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.Fn string_free "struct snmp_context *ctx"
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.Ft int
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.Fn ip_save "struct snmp_value *val" "struct snmp_context *ctx" "u_char *ipa"
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.Ft void
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.Fn ip_rollback "struct snmp_context *ctx" "u_char *ipa"
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.Ft void
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.Fn ip_commit "struct snmp_context *ctx"
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.Ft int
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.Fn ip_get "struct snmp_value *val" "u_char *ipa"
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.Ft int
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.Fn oid_save "struct snmp_value *val" "struct snmp_context *ctx" "struct asn_oid *oid"
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.Ft void
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.Fn oid_rollback "struct snmp_context *ctx" "struct asn_oid *oid"
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.Ft void
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.Fn oid_commit "struct snmp_context *ctx"
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.Ft int
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.Fn oid_get "struct snmp_value *val" "const struct asn_oid *oid"
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.Ft int
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.Fn index_decode "const struct asn_oid *oid" "u_int sub" "u_int code" "..."
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.Ft int
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.Fn index_compare "const struct asn_oid *oid1" "u_int sub" "const struct asn_oid *oid2"
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.Ft int
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.Fn index_compare_off "const struct asn_oid *oid1" "u_int sub" "const struct asn_oid *oid2" "u_int off"
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.Ft void
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.Fn index_append "struct asn_oid *dst" "u_int sub" "const struct asn_oid *src"
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.Ft void
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.Fn index_append_off "struct asn_oid *dst" "u_int sub" "const struct asn_oid *src" "u_int off"
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.Vt extern struct snmpd_usmstat snmpd_usmstats ;
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.Ft struct snmpd_usmstat *
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.Fn bsnmpd_get_usm_stats "void"
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.Ft void
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.Fn bsnmpd_reset_usm_stats "void"
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.Ft struct usm_user *
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.Fn usm_first_user "void"
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.Ft struct usm_user *
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.Fn usm_next_user "struct usm_user *uuser"
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.Ft struct usm_user *
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.Fn usm_find_user "uint8_t *engine" "uint32_t elen" "char *uname"
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.Ft struct usm_user *
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.Fn usm_new_user "uint8_t *engine" "uint32_t elen" "char *uname"
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.Ft void
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.Fn usm_delete_user "struct usm_user *"
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.Ft void
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.Fn usm_flush_users "void"
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.Vt extern struct usm_user *usm_user;
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.Ft struct snmpd_target_stats *
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.Fn bsnmpd_get_target_stats "void"
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.Ft struct target_address *
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.Fn target_first_address "void"
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.Ft struct target_address *
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.Fn target_next_address "struct target_address *"
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.Ft struct target_address *
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.Fn target_new_address "char *"
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.Ft int
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.Fn target_activate_address "struct target_address *"
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.Ft int
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.Fn target_delete_address "struct target_address *"
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.Ft struct target_param *
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.Fn target_first_param "void"
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.Ft struct target_param *
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.Fn target_next_param "struct target_param *"
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.Ft struct target_param *
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.Fn target_new_param "char *"
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.Ft int
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.Fn target_delete_param "struct target_param *"
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.Ft struct target_notify *
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.Fn target_first_notify "void"
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.Ft struct target_notify *
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.Fn target_next_notify "struct target_notify *"
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.Ft struct target_notify *
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.Fn target_new_notify "char *"
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.Ft int
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.Fn target_delete_notify "struct target_notify *"
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.Ft void
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.Fn target_flush_all "void"
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.Vt extern const struct asn_oid oid_usmUnknownEngineIDs;
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.Vt extern const struct asn_oid oid_usmNotInTimeWindows;
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.Sh DESCRIPTION
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The
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.Xr bsnmpd 1
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SNMP daemon implements a minimal MIB which consists of the system group, part
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of the SNMP MIB, a private configuration MIB, a trap destination table, a
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UDP port table, a community table, a module table, a statistics group and
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a debugging group.
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All other MIBs are support through loadable modules.
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This allows
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.Xr bsnmpd 1
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to use for task, that are not the classical SNMP task.
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.Ss MODULE LOADING AND UNLOADING
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Modules are loaded by writing to the module table.
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This table is indexed by a string, that identifies the module to the daemon.
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This identifier is used
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to select the correct configuration section from the configuration files and
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to identify resources allocated to this module.
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A row in the module table is
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created by writing a string of non-zero length to the
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.Va begemotSnmpdModulePath
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column.
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This string must be the complete path to the file containing the module.
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A module can be unloaded by writing a zero length string to the path column
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of an existing row.
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.Pp
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Modules may depend on each other an hence must be loaded in the correct order.
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The dependencies are listed in the corresponding manual pages.
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.Pp
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Upon loading a module the SNMP daemon expects the module file to a export
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a global symbol
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.Va config .
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This symbol should be a variable of type
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.Vt struct snmp_module :
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.Bd -literal -offset indent
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typedef enum snmpd_proxy_err (*proxy_err_f)(struct snmp_pdu *, void *,
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const struct asn_oid *, const struct sockaddr *, socklen_t,
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enum snmpd_input_err, int32_t);
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|
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struct snmp_module {
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const char *comment;
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int (*init)(struct lmodule *, int argc, char *argv[]);
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|
int (*fini)(void);
|
|
void (*idle)(void);
|
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void (*dump)(void);
|
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void (*config)(void);
|
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void (*start)(void);
|
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proxy_err_f proxy;
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const struct snmp_node *tree;
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u_int tree_size;
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void (*loading)(const struct lmodule *, int);
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};
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.Ed
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.Pp
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|
This structure must be statically initialized and its fields have the
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|
following functions:
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|
.Bl -tag -width ".It Va tree_size"
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.It Va comment
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|
This is a string that will be visible in the module table.
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|
It should give some hint about the function of this module.
|
|
.It Va init
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|
This function is called upon loading the module.
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|
The module pointer should
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|
be stored by the module because it is needed in other calls and the
|
|
argument vector will contain the arguments to this module from the daemons
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|
command line.
|
|
This function should return 0 if everything is ok or an UNIX error code (see
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|
.Xr errno 3 ) .
|
|
Once the function returns 0, the
|
|
.Va fini
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|
function is called when the module is unloaded.
|
|
.It Va fini
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|
The module is unloaded.
|
|
This gives the module a chance to free resources that
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|
are not automatically freed.
|
|
Be sure to free all memory, because daemons tend to run very long.
|
|
This function pointer may be
|
|
.Li NULL
|
|
if it is not needed.
|
|
.It Va idle
|
|
If this function pointer is not
|
|
.Li NULL ,
|
|
the function pointed to by it is called whenever the daemon is going
|
|
to wait for an event.
|
|
Try to avoid using this feature.
|
|
.It Va dump
|
|
Whenever the daemon receives a
|
|
.Li SIGUSR1
|
|
it dumps it internal state via
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|
.Xr syslog 3 .
|
|
If the
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.Va dump
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|
field is not
|
|
.Li NULL
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|
it is called by the daemon to dump the state of the module.
|
|
.It Va config
|
|
Whenever the daemon receives a
|
|
.Li SIGHUP
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signal it re-reads its configuration file.
|
|
If the
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.Va config
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|
field is not
|
|
.Li NULL
|
|
it is called after reading the configuration file to give the module a chance
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|
to adapt to the new configuration.
|
|
.It Va start
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|
If not
|
|
.Li NULL
|
|
this function is called after successful loading and initializing the module
|
|
to start its actual operation.
|
|
.It Va proxy
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|
If the daemon receives a PDU and that PDU has a community string whose
|
|
community was registered by this module and
|
|
.Va proxy
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|
is not
|
|
.Li NULL
|
|
than this function is called to handle the PDU.
|
|
.It Va tree
|
|
This is a pointer to the node array for the MIB tree implemented by this module.
|
|
.It Va tree_size
|
|
This is the number of nodes in
|
|
.Va tree .
|
|
.It Va loading
|
|
If this pointer is not
|
|
.Li NULL
|
|
it is called whenever another module was loaded or unloaded.
|
|
It gets a
|
|
pointer to that module and a flag that is 0 for unloading and 1 for loading.
|
|
.El
|
|
.Pp
|
|
When everything is ok, the daemon merges the module's MIB tree into its current
|
|
global tree, calls the modules
|
|
.Fn init
|
|
function.
|
|
If this function returns an error, the modules MIB tree is removed from
|
|
the global one and the module is unloaded.
|
|
If initialization is successful, the modules
|
|
.Fn start
|
|
function is called.
|
|
After it returns the
|
|
.Fn loaded
|
|
functions of all modules (including the loaded one) are called.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
When the module is unloaded, its MIB tree is removed from the global one,
|
|
the communities, request id ranges, running timers and selected file
|
|
descriptors are released, the
|
|
.Fn fini
|
|
function is called, the module file is unloaded and the
|
|
.Fn loaded
|
|
functions of all other modules are called.
|
|
.Ss IMPLEMENTING TABLES
|
|
There are a number of macros designed to help implementing SNMP tables.
|
|
A problem while implementing a table is the support for the GETNEXT operator.
|
|
The GETNEXT operation has to find out whether, given an arbitrary OID, the
|
|
lessest table row, that has an OID higher than the given OID.
|
|
The easiest way
|
|
to do this is to keep the table as an ordered list of structures each one
|
|
of which contains an OID that is the index of the table row.
|
|
This allows easy removal, insertion and search.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The helper macros assume, that the table is organized as a TAILQ (see
|
|
.Xr queue 3
|
|
and each structure contains a
|
|
.Vt struct asn_oid
|
|
that is used as index.
|
|
For simple tables with only a integer or unsigned index, an alternate form
|
|
of the macros is available, that presume the existence of an integer or
|
|
unsigned field as index field.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The macros have name of the form
|
|
.Bd -literal -offset indent
|
|
{INSERT,FIND,NEXT}_OBJECT_{OID,INT}[_LINK[_INDEX]]
|
|
.Ed
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The
|
|
.Fn INSERT_*
|
|
macros are used in the SET operation to insert a new table row into the table.
|
|
The
|
|
.Fn FIND_*
|
|
macros are used in the GET operation to find a specific row in the table.
|
|
The
|
|
.Fn NEXT_*
|
|
macros are used in the GETNEXT operation to find the next row in the table.
|
|
The last two macros return a pointer to the row structure if a row is found,
|
|
.Li NULL
|
|
otherwise.
|
|
The macros
|
|
.Fn *_OBJECT_OID_*
|
|
assume the existence of a
|
|
.Vt struct asn_oid
|
|
that is used as index, the macros
|
|
.Fn *_OBJECT_INT_*
|
|
assume the existence of an unsigned integer field that is used as index.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The macros
|
|
.Fn *_INDEX
|
|
allow the explicit naming of the index field in the parameter
|
|
.Fa INDEX ,
|
|
whereas the other macros assume that this field is named
|
|
.Va index .
|
|
The macros
|
|
.Fn *_LINK_*
|
|
allow the explicit naming of the link field of the tail queues, the others
|
|
assume that the link field is named
|
|
.Va link .
|
|
Explicitly naming the link field may be necessary if the same structures
|
|
are held in two or more different tables.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The arguments to the macros are as follows:
|
|
.Bl -tag -width "INDEX"
|
|
.It Fa PTR
|
|
A pointer to the new structure to be inserted into the table.
|
|
.It Fa LIST
|
|
A pointer to the tail queue head.
|
|
.It Fa LINK
|
|
The name of the link field in the row structure.
|
|
.It Fa INDEX
|
|
The name of the index field in the row structure.
|
|
.It Fa OID
|
|
Must point to the
|
|
.Va var
|
|
field of the
|
|
.Fa value
|
|
argument to the node operation callback.
|
|
This is the OID to search for.
|
|
.It Fa SUB
|
|
This is the index of the start of the table index in the OID pointed to
|
|
by
|
|
.Fa OID .
|
|
This is usually the same as the
|
|
.Fa sub
|
|
argument to the node operation callback.
|
|
.El
|
|
.Ss DAEMON TIMESTAMPS
|
|
The variable
|
|
.Va this_tick
|
|
contains the tick (there are 100 SNMP ticks in a second) when
|
|
the current PDU processing was started.
|
|
The variable
|
|
.Va start_tick
|
|
contains the tick when the daemon was started.
|
|
The function
|
|
.Fn get_ticks
|
|
returns the current tick.
|
|
The number of ticks since the daemon was started
|
|
is
|
|
.Bd -literal -offset indent
|
|
get_ticks() - start_tick
|
|
.Ed
|
|
.Ss THE SYSTEM GROUP
|
|
The scalar fields of the system group are held in the global variable
|
|
.Va systemg :
|
|
.Bd -literal -offset indent
|
|
struct systemg {
|
|
u_char *descr;
|
|
struct asn_oid object_id;
|
|
u_char *contact;
|
|
u_char *name;
|
|
u_char *location;
|
|
uint32_t services;
|
|
uint32_t or_last_change;
|
|
};
|
|
.Ed
|
|
.Ss COMMUNITIES
|
|
The SNMP daemon implements a community table.
|
|
On recipte of a request message
|
|
the community string in that message is compared to each of the community
|
|
strings in that table, if a match is found, the global variable
|
|
.Va community
|
|
is set to the community identifier for that community.
|
|
Community identifiers are unsigned integers.
|
|
For the three standard communities there are three constants defined:
|
|
.Bd -literal -offset indent
|
|
#define COMM_INITIALIZE 0
|
|
#define COMM_READ 1
|
|
#define COMM_WRITE 2
|
|
.Ed
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.Va community
|
|
is set to
|
|
.Li COMM_INITIALIZE
|
|
while the assignments in the configuration file are processed.
|
|
To
|
|
.Li COMM_READ
|
|
or
|
|
.Li COMM_WRITE
|
|
when the community strings for the read-write or read-only community are found
|
|
in the incoming PDU.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Modules can define additional communities.
|
|
This may be necessary to provide
|
|
transport proxying (a PDU received on one communication link is proxied to
|
|
another link) or to implement non-UDP access points to SNMP.
|
|
A new community is defined with the function
|
|
.Fn comm_define .
|
|
It takes the following parameters:
|
|
.Bl -tag -width ".It Fa descr"
|
|
.It Fa priv
|
|
This is an integer identifying the community to the module.
|
|
Each module has its own namespace with regard to this parameter.
|
|
The community table is indexed with the module name and this identifier.
|
|
.It Fa descr
|
|
This is a string providing a human readable description of the community.
|
|
It is visible in the community table.
|
|
.It Fa mod
|
|
This is the module defining the community.
|
|
.It Fa str
|
|
This is the initial community string.
|
|
.El
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The function returns a globally unique community identifier.
|
|
If a SNMPv1 or SNMPv2 PDU is
|
|
received who's community string matches, this identifier is set into the global
|
|
.Va community .
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The function
|
|
.Fn comm_string
|
|
returns the current community string for the given community.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
All communities defined by a module are automatically released when the module
|
|
is unloaded.
|
|
.Ss THE USER-BASED SECURITY GROUP
|
|
The scalar statistics of the USM group are held in the global variable
|
|
.Va snmpd_usmstats :
|
|
.Bd -literal -offset indent
|
|
struct snmpd_usmstat {
|
|
uint32_t unsupported_seclevels;
|
|
uint32_t not_in_time_windows;
|
|
uint32_t unknown_users;
|
|
uint32_t unknown_engine_ids;
|
|
uint32_t wrong_digests;
|
|
uint32_t decrypt_errors;
|
|
};
|
|
.Ed
|
|
.Fn bsnmpd_get_usm_stats
|
|
returns a pointer to the global structure containing the statistics.
|
|
.Fn bsnmpd_reset_usm_stats
|
|
clears the statistics of the USM group.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
A global list of configured USM users is maintained by the daemon.
|
|
.Bd -literal -offset indent
|
|
struct usm_user {
|
|
struct snmp_user suser;
|
|
uint8_t user_engine_id[SNMP_ENGINE_ID_SIZ];
|
|
uint32_t user_engine_len;
|
|
char user_public[SNMP_ADM_STR32_SIZ];
|
|
uint32_t user_public_len;
|
|
int32_t status;
|
|
int32_t type;
|
|
SLIST_ENTRY(usm_user) up;
|
|
};
|
|
.Ed
|
|
This structure represents an USM user. The daemon only responds to SNMPv3 PDUs
|
|
with user credentials matching an USM user entry in its global list.
|
|
If a SNMPv3 PDU is received, whose security model is USM, the global
|
|
.Va usm_user
|
|
is set to point at the user entry that matches the credentials contained in
|
|
the PDU.
|
|
However, the daemon does not create or remove USM users, it gives an interface
|
|
to external loadable module(s) to manage the list.
|
|
.Fn usm_new_user
|
|
adds an user entry in the list, and
|
|
.Fn usm_delete_user
|
|
deletes an existing entry from the list.
|
|
.Fn usm_flush_users
|
|
is used to remove all configured USM users.
|
|
.Fn usm_first_user
|
|
will return the first user in the list, or
|
|
.Li NULL
|
|
if the list is empty.
|
|
.Fn usm_next_user
|
|
will return the next user of a given entry if one exists, or
|
|
.Li NULL .
|
|
The list is sorted according to the USM user name and Engine ID.
|
|
.Fn usm_find_user
|
|
returns the USM user entry matching the given
|
|
.Fa engine
|
|
and
|
|
.Fa uname
|
|
or
|
|
.Li NULL
|
|
if an user with the specified name and engine id is not present in the list.
|
|
.Ss THE MANAGEMENT TARGET GROUP
|
|
The Management Target group holds target address information used when sending
|
|
SNMPv3 notifications.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The scalar statistics of the Management Target group are held in the global
|
|
variable
|
|
.Va snmpd_target_stats :
|
|
.Bd -literal -offset indent
|
|
struct snmpd_target_stats {
|
|
uint32_t unavail_contexts;
|
|
uint32_t unknown_contexts;
|
|
};
|
|
.Ed
|
|
.Fn bsnmpd_get_target_stats
|
|
returns a pointer to the global structure containing the statistics.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Three global lists of configured management target addresses, parameters and
|
|
notifications respectively are maintained by the daemon.
|
|
.Bd -literal -offset indent
|
|
struct target_address {
|
|
char name[SNMP_ADM_STR32_SIZ];
|
|
uint8_t address[SNMP_UDP_ADDR_SIZ];
|
|
int32_t timeout;
|
|
int32_t retry;
|
|
char taglist[SNMP_TAG_SIZ];
|
|
char paramname[SNMP_ADM_STR32_SIZ];
|
|
int32_t type;
|
|
int32_t socket;
|
|
int32_t status;
|
|
SLIST_ENTRY(target_address) ta;
|
|
};
|
|
.Ed
|
|
This structure represents a SNMPv3 Management Target address. Each time a SNMP
|
|
TRAP is send the daemon will send the Trap to all active Management Target
|
|
addresses in its global list.
|
|
.Bd -literal -offset indent
|
|
struct target_param {
|
|
char name[SNMP_ADM_STR32_SIZ];
|
|
int32_t mpmodel;
|
|
int32_t sec_model;
|
|
char secname[SNMP_ADM_STR32_SIZ];
|
|
enum snmp_usm_level sec_level;
|
|
int32_t type;
|
|
int32_t status;
|
|
SLIST_ENTRY(target_param) tp;
|
|
};
|
|
.Ed
|
|
This structure represents the information used to generate SNMP messages to the
|
|
associated SNMPv3 Management Target addresses.
|
|
.Bd -literal -offset indent
|
|
struct target_notify {
|
|
char name[SNMP_ADM_STR32_SIZ];
|
|
char taglist[SNMP_TAG_SIZ];
|
|
int32_t notify_type;
|
|
int32_t type;
|
|
int32_t status;
|
|
SLIST_ENTRY(target_notify) tn;
|
|
};
|
|
.Ed
|
|
This structure represents Notification Tag entries - SNMP notifications are sent
|
|
to the Target address for each entry in the Management Target Address list that
|
|
has a tag matching the specified tag in this structure.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The daemon does not create or remove entries in the Management Target group
|
|
lists, it gives an interface to external loadable module(s) to manage the lists.
|
|
.Fn target_new_address
|
|
adds a target address entry, and
|
|
.Fn target_delete_address
|
|
deletes an existing entry from the target address list.
|
|
.Fn target_activate_address
|
|
creates a socket associated with the target address entry so that SNMP
|
|
notifications may actually be send to that target address.
|
|
.Fn target_first_address
|
|
will return a pointer to the first target address entry in the list, while
|
|
.Fn target_next_address
|
|
will return a pointer to the next target address of a given entry if one exists.
|
|
.Fn target_new_param
|
|
adds a target parameters' entry, and
|
|
.Fn target_delete_param
|
|
deletes an existing entry from the target parameters list.
|
|
.Fn target_first_param
|
|
will return a pointer to the first target parameters' entry in the list, while
|
|
.Fn target_next_param
|
|
will return a pointer to the next target parameters of a given entry if one
|
|
exists.
|
|
.Fn target_new_notify
|
|
adds a notification target entry, and
|
|
.Fn target_delete_notify
|
|
deletes an existing entry from the notification target list.
|
|
.Fn target_first_notify
|
|
will return a pointer to the first notification target entry in the list, while
|
|
.Fn target_next_notify
|
|
will return a pointer to the next notification target of a given entry if one
|
|
exists.
|
|
.Fn target_flush_all
|
|
is used to remove all configured data from the three global Management Target
|
|
Group lists.
|
|
.Ss WELL KNOWN OIDS
|
|
The global variable
|
|
.Va oid_zeroDotZero
|
|
contains the OID 0.0.
|
|
The global variables
|
|
.Va oid_usmUnknownEngineIDs
|
|
.Va oid_usmNotInTimeWindows
|
|
contains the OIDs 1.3.6.1.6.3.15.1.1.4.0 and 1.3.6.1.6.3.15.1.1.2.0 used
|
|
in the SNMPv3 USM Engine Discovery.
|
|
.Ss REQUEST ID RANGES
|
|
For modules that implement SNMP client functions besides SNMP agent functions
|
|
it may be necessary to identify SNMP requests by their identifier to allow
|
|
easier routing of responses to the correct sub-system.
|
|
Request id ranges
|
|
provide a way to acquire globally non-overlapping sub-ranges of the entire
|
|
31-bit id range.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
A request id range is allocated with
|
|
.Fn reqid_allocate .
|
|
The arguments are: the size of the range and the module allocating the range.
|
|
For example, the call
|
|
.Bd -literal -offset indent
|
|
id = reqid_allocate(1000, module);
|
|
.Ed
|
|
.Pp
|
|
allocates a range of 1000 request ids.
|
|
The function returns the request
|
|
id range identifier or 0 if there is not enough identifier space.
|
|
The function
|
|
.Fn reqid_base
|
|
returns the lowest request id in the given range.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Request id are allocated starting at the lowest one linear throughout the range.
|
|
If the client application may have a lot of outstanding request the range
|
|
must be large enough so that an id is not reused until it is really expired.
|
|
.Fn reqid_next
|
|
returns the sequentially next id in the range.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The function
|
|
.Fn reqid_istype
|
|
checks whether the request id
|
|
.Fa reqid
|
|
is within the range identified by
|
|
.Fa type .
|
|
The function
|
|
.Fn reqid_type
|
|
returns the range identifier for the given
|
|
.Fa reqid
|
|
or 0 if the request id is in none of the ranges.
|
|
.Ss TIMERS
|
|
The SNMP daemon supports an arbitrary number of timers with SNMP tick granularity.
|
|
The function
|
|
.Fn timer_start
|
|
arranges for the callback
|
|
.Fa func
|
|
to be called with the argument
|
|
.Fa uarg
|
|
after
|
|
.Fa ticks
|
|
SNMP ticks have expired.
|
|
.Fa mod
|
|
is the module that starts the timer.
|
|
These timers are one-shot, they are not restarted.
|
|
Repeatable timers are started with
|
|
.Fn timer_start_repeat
|
|
which takes an additional argument
|
|
.Fa repeat_ticks .
|
|
The argument
|
|
.Fa ticks
|
|
gives the number of ticks until the first execution of the callback, while
|
|
.Fa repeat_ticks
|
|
is the number of ticks between invocations of the callback.
|
|
Note, that currently the number of initial ticks silently may be set identical
|
|
to the number of ticks between callback invocations.
|
|
The function returns a timer identifier that can be used to stop the timer via
|
|
.Fn timer_stop .
|
|
If a module is unloaded all timers started by the module that have not expired
|
|
yet are stopped.
|
|
.Ss FILE DESCRIPTOR SUPPORT
|
|
A module may need to get input from socket file descriptors without blocking
|
|
the daemon (for example to implement alternative SNMP transports).
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The function
|
|
.Fn fd_select
|
|
causes the callback function
|
|
.Fa func
|
|
to be called with the file descriptor
|
|
.Fa fd
|
|
and the user argument
|
|
.Fa uarg
|
|
whenever the file descriptor
|
|
.Fa fd
|
|
can be read or has a close condition.
|
|
If the file descriptor is not in
|
|
non-blocking mode, it is set to non-blocking mode.
|
|
If the callback is not needed anymore,
|
|
.Fn fd_deselect
|
|
may be called with the value returned from
|
|
.Fn fd_select .
|
|
All file descriptors selected by a module are automatically deselected when
|
|
the module is unloaded.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
To temporarily suspend the file descriptor registration
|
|
.Fn fd_suspend
|
|
can be called.
|
|
This also causes the file descriptor to be switched back to
|
|
blocking mode if it was blocking prior the call to
|
|
.Fn fd_select .
|
|
This is necessary to do synchronous input on a selected socket.
|
|
The effect of
|
|
.Fn fd_suspend
|
|
can be undone with
|
|
.Fn fd_resume .
|
|
.Ss OBJECT RESOURCES
|
|
The system group contains an object resource table.
|
|
A module may create an entry in this table by calling
|
|
.Fn or_register
|
|
with the
|
|
.Fa oid
|
|
to be registered, a textual description in
|
|
.Fa str
|
|
and a pointer to the module
|
|
.Fa mod .
|
|
The registration can be removed with
|
|
.Fn or_unregister .
|
|
All registrations of a module are automatically removed if the module is
|
|
unloaded.
|
|
.Ss TRANSMIT AND RECEIVE BUFFERS
|
|
A buffer is allocated via
|
|
.Fn buf_alloc .
|
|
The argument must be 1 for transmit and 0 for receive buffers.
|
|
The function may return
|
|
.Li NULL
|
|
if there is no memory available.
|
|
The current buffersize can be obtained with
|
|
.Fn buf_size .
|
|
.Sh PROCESSING PDUS
|
|
For modules that need to do their own PDU processing (for example for proxying)
|
|
the following functions are available:
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Function
|
|
.Fn snmp_input_start
|
|
decodes the PDU, searches the community, and sets the global
|
|
.Va this_tick .
|
|
It returns one of the following error codes:
|
|
.Bl -tag -width ".It Er SNMPD_INPUT_VALBADLEN"
|
|
.It Er SNMPD_INPUT_OK
|
|
Everything ok, continue with processing.
|
|
.It Er SNMPD_INPUT_FAILED
|
|
The PDU could not be decoded, has a wrong version or an unknown
|
|
community string.
|
|
.It Er SNMPD_INPUT_VALBADLEN
|
|
A SET PDU had a value field in a binding with a wrong length field in an
|
|
ASN.1 header.
|
|
.It Er SNMPD_INPUT_VALRANGE
|
|
A SET PDU had a value field in a binding with a value that is out of range
|
|
for the given ASN.1 type.
|
|
.It Er SNMPD_INPUT_VALBADENC
|
|
A SET PDU had a value field in a binding with wrong ASN.1 encoding.
|
|
.It Er SNMPD_INPUT_TRUNC
|
|
The buffer appears to contain a valid begin of a PDU, but is too short.
|
|
For streaming transports this means that the caller must save what he
|
|
already has and trying to obtain more input and reissue this input to
|
|
the function.
|
|
For datagram transports this means that part of the
|
|
datagram was lost and the input should be ignored.
|
|
.El
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The function
|
|
.Fn snmp_input_finish
|
|
does the other half of processing: if
|
|
.Fn snmp_input_start
|
|
did not return OK, tries to construct an error response.
|
|
If the start was OK, it calls the correct function from
|
|
.Xr bsnmpagent 3
|
|
to execute the request and depending on the outcome constructs a response or
|
|
error response PDU or ignores the request PDU.
|
|
It returns either
|
|
.Er SNMPD_INPUT_OK
|
|
or
|
|
.Er SNMPD_INPUT_FAILED .
|
|
In the first case a response PDU was constructed and should be sent.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The function
|
|
.Fn snmp_output
|
|
takes a PDU and encodes it.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The function
|
|
.Fn snmp_send_port
|
|
takes a PDU, encodes it and sends it through the given port (identified by
|
|
the transport and the index in the port table) to the given address.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The function
|
|
.Fn snmp_send_trap
|
|
sends a trap to all trap destinations.
|
|
The arguments are the
|
|
.Fa oid
|
|
identifying the trap and a NULL-terminated list of
|
|
.Vt struct snmp_value
|
|
pointers that are to be inserted into the trap binding list.
|
|
.Fn snmp_pdu_auth_access
|
|
verifies whether access to the object IDs contained in the
|
|
.Fa pdu
|
|
should be granted or denied, according to the configured View-Based Access
|
|
rules.
|
|
.Fa ip
|
|
contains the index of the first varbinding to which access was denied, or 0 if
|
|
access to all varbindings in the PDU is granted.
|
|
.Ss SIMPLE ACTION SUPPORT
|
|
For simple scalar variables that need no dependencies a number of support
|
|
functions is available to handle the set, commit, rollback and get.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The following functions are used for OCTET STRING scalars, either NUL terminated
|
|
or not:
|
|
.Bl -tag -width "XXXXXXXXX"
|
|
.It Fn string_save
|
|
should be called for SNMP_OP_SET.
|
|
.Fa value
|
|
and
|
|
.Fa ctx
|
|
are the resp\&.\& arguments to the node callback.
|
|
.Fa valp
|
|
is a pointer to the pointer that holds the current value and
|
|
.Fa req_size
|
|
should be -1 if any size of the string is acceptable or a number larger or
|
|
equal zero if the string must have a specific size.
|
|
The function saves
|
|
the old value in the scratch area (note, that any initial value must have
|
|
been allocated by
|
|
.Xr malloc 3 ) ,
|
|
allocates a new string, copies over the new value, NUL-terminates it and
|
|
sets the new current value.
|
|
.It Fn string_commit
|
|
simply frees the saved old value in the scratch area.
|
|
.It Fn string_rollback
|
|
frees the new value, and puts back the old one.
|
|
.It Fn string_get
|
|
is used for GET or GETNEXT.
|
|
The function
|
|
.It Fn string_get_max
|
|
can be used instead of
|
|
.Fn string_get
|
|
to ensure that the returned string has a certain maximum length.
|
|
If
|
|
.Fa len
|
|
is -1, the length is computed via
|
|
.Xr strlen 3
|
|
from the current string value.
|
|
If the current value is NULL,
|
|
a OCTET STRING of zero length is returned.
|
|
.It Fn string_free
|
|
must be called if either rollback or commit fails to free the saved old value.
|
|
.El
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The following functions are used to process scalars of type IP-address:
|
|
.Bl -tag -width "XXXXXXXXX"
|
|
.It Fn ip_save
|
|
Saves the current value in the scratch area and sets the new value from
|
|
.Fa valp .
|
|
.It Fn ip_commit
|
|
Does nothing.
|
|
.It Fn ip_rollback
|
|
Restores the old IP address from the scratch area.
|
|
.It Fn ip_get
|
|
Retrieves the IP current address.
|
|
.El
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The following functions handle OID-typed variables:
|
|
.Bl -tag -width "XXXXXXXXX"
|
|
.It Fn oid_save
|
|
Saves the current value in the scratch area by allocating a
|
|
.Vt struct asn_oid
|
|
with
|
|
.Xr malloc 3
|
|
and sets the new value from
|
|
.Fa oid .
|
|
.It Fn oid_commit
|
|
Frees the old value in the scratch area.
|
|
.It Fn oid_rollback
|
|
Restores the old OID from the scratch area and frees the old OID.
|
|
.It Fn oid_get
|
|
Retrieves the OID
|
|
.El
|
|
.Ss TABLE INDEX HANDLING
|
|
The following functions help in handling table indexes:
|
|
.Bl -tag -width "XXXXXXXXX"
|
|
.It Fn index_decode
|
|
Decodes the index part of the OID.
|
|
The parameter
|
|
.Fa oid
|
|
must be a pointer to the
|
|
.Va var
|
|
field of the
|
|
.Fa value
|
|
argument of the node callback.
|
|
The
|
|
.Fa sub
|
|
argument must be the index of the start of the index in the OID (this is
|
|
the
|
|
.Fa sub
|
|
argument to the node callback).
|
|
.Fa code
|
|
is the index expression (parameter
|
|
.Fa idx
|
|
to the node callback).
|
|
These parameters are followed by parameters depending on the syntax of the index
|
|
elements as follows:
|
|
.Bl -tag -width ".It Li OCTET STRING"
|
|
.It Li INTEGER
|
|
.Vt int32_t *
|
|
expected as argument.
|
|
.It Li COUNTER64
|
|
.Vt uint64_t *
|
|
expected as argument.
|
|
Note, that this syntax is illegal for indexes.
|
|
.It Li OCTET STRING
|
|
A
|
|
.Vt u_char **
|
|
and a
|
|
.Vt size_t *
|
|
expected as arguments.
|
|
A buffer is allocated to hold the decoded string.
|
|
.It Li OID
|
|
A
|
|
.Vt struct asn_oid *
|
|
is expected as argument.
|
|
.It Li IP ADDRESS
|
|
A
|
|
.Vt u_int8_t *
|
|
expected as argument that points to a buffer of at least four byte.
|
|
.It Li COUNTER, GAUGE, TIMETICKS
|
|
A
|
|
.Vt u_int32_t
|
|
expected.
|
|
.It Li NULL
|
|
No argument expected.
|
|
.El
|
|
.It Fn index_compare
|
|
compares the current variable with an OID.
|
|
.Fa oid1
|
|
and
|
|
.Fa sub
|
|
come from the node callback arguments
|
|
.Fa value->var
|
|
and
|
|
.Fa sub
|
|
resp.
|
|
.Fa oid2
|
|
is the OID to compare to.
|
|
The function returns -1, 0, +1 when the
|
|
variable is lesser, equal, higher to the given OID.
|
|
.Fa oid2
|
|
must contain only the index part of the table column.
|
|
.It Fn index_compare_off
|
|
is equivalent to
|
|
.Fn index_compare
|
|
except that it takes an additional parameter
|
|
.Fa off
|
|
that causes it to ignore the first
|
|
.Fa off
|
|
components of both indexes.
|
|
.It Fn index_append
|
|
appends OID
|
|
.Fa src
|
|
beginning at position
|
|
.Fa sub
|
|
to
|
|
.Fa dst .
|
|
.It Fn index_append_off
|
|
appends OID
|
|
.Fa src
|
|
beginning at position
|
|
.Fa off
|
|
to
|
|
.Fa dst
|
|
beginning at position
|
|
.Fa sub
|
|
+
|
|
.Fa off .
|
|
.El
|
|
.Sh SEE ALSO
|
|
.Xr gensnmptree 1 ,
|
|
.Xr bsnmpd 1 ,
|
|
.Xr bsnmpagent 3 ,
|
|
.Xr bsnmpclient 3 ,
|
|
.Xr bsnmplib 3
|
|
.Sh STANDARDS
|
|
This implementation conforms to the applicable IETF RFCs and ITU-T
|
|
recommendations.
|
|
.Sh AUTHORS
|
|
.An Hartmut Brandt Aq harti@FreeBSD.org
|