361 lines
13 KiB
Groff
361 lines
13 KiB
Groff
LESSKEY(1) LESSKEY(1)
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[1mNAME[0m
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lesskey - specify key bindings for less
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[1mSYNOPSIS[0m
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[1mlesskey [-o output] [--] [input][0m
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[1mlesskey [--output=output] [--] [input][0m
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[1mlesskey -V[0m
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[1mlesskey --version[0m
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[1mDESCRIPTION[0m
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[4mLesskey[24m is used to specify a set of key bindings to be used by [4mless.[0m
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The input file is a text file which describes the key bindings, If the
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input file is "-", standard input is read. If no input file is speci-
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fied, a standard filename is used as the name of the input file, which
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depends on the system being used: On Unix systems, $HOME/.lesskey is
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used; on MS-DOS systems, $HOME/_lesskey is used; and on OS/2 systems
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$HOME/lesskey.ini is used, or $INIT/lesskey.ini if $HOME is undefined.
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The output file is a binary file which is used by [4mless.[24m If no output
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file is specified, and the environment variable LESSKEY is set, the
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value of LESSKEY is used as the name of the output file. Otherwise, a
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standard filename is used as the name of the output file, which depends
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on the system being used: On Unix and OS-9 systems, $HOME/.less is
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used; on MS-DOS systems, $HOME/_less is used; and on OS/2 systems,
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$HOME/less.ini is used, or $INIT/less.ini if $HOME is undefined. If
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the output file already exists, [4mlesskey[24m will overwrite it.
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The -V or --version option causes [4mlesskey[24m to print its version number
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and immediately exit. If -V or --version is present, other options and
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arguments are ignored.
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The input file consists of one or more [4msections.[24m Each section starts
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with a line that identifies the type of section. Possible sections
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are:
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#command
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Defines new command keys.
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#line-edit
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Defines new line-editing keys.
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#env Defines environment variables.
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Blank lines and lines which start with a pound sign (#) are ignored,
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except for the special section header lines.
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[1mCOMMAND SECTION[0m
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The command section begins with the line
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#command
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If the command section is the first section in the file, this line may
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be omitted. The command section consists of lines of the form:
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[4mstring[24m <whitespace> [4maction[24m [extra-string] <newline>
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Whitespace is any sequence of one or more spaces and/or tabs. The
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[4mstring[24m is the command key(s) which invoke the action. The [4mstring[24m may
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be a single command key, or a sequence of up to 15 keys. The [4maction[24m is
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the name of the less action, from the list below. The characters in
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the [4mstring[24m may appear literally, or be prefixed by a caret to indicate
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a control key. A backslash followed by one to three octal digits may
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be used to specify a character by its octal value. A backslash fol-
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lowed by certain characters specifies input characters as follows:
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\b BACKSPACE
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\e ESCAPE
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\n NEWLINE
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\r RETURN
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\t TAB
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\ku UP ARROW
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\kd DOWN ARROW
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\kr RIGHT ARROW
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\kl LEFT ARROW
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\kU PAGE UP
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\kD PAGE DOWN
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\kh HOME
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\ke END
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\kx DELETE
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A backslash followed by any other character indicates that character is
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to be taken literally. Characters which must be preceded by backslash
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include caret, space, tab and the backslash itself.
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An action may be followed by an "extra" string. When such a command is
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entered while running [4mless,[24m the action is performed, and then the extra
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string is parsed, just as if it were typed in to [4mless.[24m This feature
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can be used in certain cases to extend the functionality of a command.
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For example, see the "{" and ":t" commands in the example below. The
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extra string has a special meaning for the "quit" action: when [4mless[0m
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quits, first character of the extra string is used as its exit status.
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[1mEXAMPLE[0m
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The following input file describes the set of default command keys used
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by less:
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#command
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\r forw-line
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\n forw-line
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e forw-line
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j forw-line
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\kd forw-line
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^E forw-line
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^N forw-line
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k back-line
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y back-line
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^Y back-line
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^K back-line
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^P back-line
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J forw-line-force
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K back-line-force
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Y back-line-force
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d forw-scroll
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^D forw-scroll
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u back-scroll
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^U back-scroll
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\40 forw-screen
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f forw-screen
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^F forw-screen
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^V forw-screen
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\kD forw-screen
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b back-screen
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^B back-screen
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\ev back-screen
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\kU back-screen
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z forw-window
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w back-window
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\e\40 forw-screen-force
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F forw-forever
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R repaint-flush
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r repaint
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^R repaint
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^L repaint
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\eu undo-hilite
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g goto-line
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\kh goto-line
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< goto-line
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\e< goto-line
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p percent
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% percent
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\e[ left-scroll
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\e] right-scroll
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\e( left-scroll
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\e) right-scroll
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{ forw-bracket {}
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} back-bracket {}
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( forw-bracket ()
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) back-bracket ()
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[ forw-bracket []
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] back-bracket []
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\e^F forw-bracket
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\e^B back-bracket
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G goto-end
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\e> goto-end
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> goto-end
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\ke goto-end
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= status
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^G status
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:f status
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/ forw-search
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? back-search
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\e/ forw-search *
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\e? back-search *
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n repeat-search
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\en repeat-search-all
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N reverse-search
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\eN reverse-search-all
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m set-mark
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' goto-mark
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^X^X goto-mark
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E examine
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:e examine
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^X^V examine
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:n next-file
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:p prev-file
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t next-tag
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T prev-tag
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:x index-file
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:d remove-file
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- toggle-option
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:t toggle-option t
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s toggle-option o
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_ display-option
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| pipe
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v visual
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! shell
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+ firstcmd
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H help
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h help
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V version
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0 digit
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1 digit
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2 digit
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3 digit
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4 digit
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5 digit
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6 digit
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7 digit
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8 digit
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9 digit
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q quit
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Q quit
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:q quit
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:Q quit
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ZZ quit
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[1mPRECEDENCE[0m
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Commands specified by [4mlesskey[24m take precedence over the default com-
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mands. A default command key may be disabled by including it in the
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input file with the action "invalid". Alternatively, a key may be
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defined to do nothing by using the action "noaction". "noaction" is
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similar to "invalid", but [4mless[24m will give an error beep for an "invalid"
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command, but not for a "noaction" command. In addition, ALL default
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commands may be disabled by adding this control line to the input file:
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#stop
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This will cause all default commands to be ignored. The #stop line
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should be the last line in that section of the file.
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Be aware that #stop can be dangerous. Since all default commands are
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disabled, you must provide sufficient commands before the #stop line to
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enable all necessary actions. For example, failure to provide a "quit"
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command can lead to frustration.
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[1mLINE EDITING SECTION[0m
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The line-editing section begins with the line:
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#line-edit
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This section specifies new key bindings for the line editing commands,
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in a manner similar to the way key bindings for ordinary commands are
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specified in the #command section. The line-editing section consists
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of a list of keys and actions, one per line as in the example below.
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[1mEXAMPLE[0m
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The following input file describes the set of default line-editing keys
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used by less:
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#line-edit
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\t forw-complete
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\17 back-complete
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\e\t back-complete
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^L expand
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^V literal
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^A literal
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\el right
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\kr right
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\eh left
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\kl left
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\eb word-left
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\e\kl word-left
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\ew word-right
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\e\kr word-right
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\ei insert
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\ex delete
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\kx delete
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\eX word-delete
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\ekx word-delete
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\e\b word-backspace
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\e0 home
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\kh home
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\e$ end
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\ke end
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\ek up
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\ku up
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\ej down
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[1mLESS ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES[0m
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The environment variable section begins with the line
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#env
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Following this line is a list of environment variable assignments.
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Each line consists of an environment variable name, an equals sign (=)
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and the value to be assigned to the environment variable. White space
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before and after the equals sign is ignored. Variables assigned in
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this way are visible only to [4mless.[24m If a variable is specified in the
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system environment and also in a lesskey file, the value in the lesskey
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file takes precedence. Although the lesskey file can be used to over-
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ride variables set in the environment, the main purpose of assigning
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variables in the lesskey file is simply to have all [4mless[24m configuration
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information stored in one file.
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[1mEXAMPLE[0m
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The following input file sets the -i option whenever [4mless[24m is run, and
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specifies the character set to be "latin1":
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#env
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LESS = -i
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LESSCHARSET = latin1
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[1mSEE ALSO[0m
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less(1)
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[1mWARNINGS[0m
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It is not possible to specify special keys, such as uparrow, in a key-
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board-independent manner. The only way to specify such keys is to
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specify the escape sequence which a particular keyboard sends when such
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a key is pressed.
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On MS-DOS and OS/2 systems, certain keys send a sequence of characters
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which start with a NUL character (0). This NUL character should be
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represented as \340 in a lesskey file.
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[1mCOPYRIGHT[0m
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Copyright (C) 2000-2007 Mark Nudelman
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lesskey is part of the GNU project and is free software; you can redis-
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tribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public
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License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2,
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or (at your option) any later version.
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lesskey is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
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ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
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FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License
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for more details.
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You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along
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with lesskey; see the file COPYING. If not, write to the Free Software
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Foundation, 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA.
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[1mAUTHOR[0m
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Mark Nudelman <markn@greenwoodsoftware.com>
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Send bug reports or comments to the above address or to bug-
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less@gnu.org.
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Version 408: 01 Oct 2007 LESSKEY(1)
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