347 lines
14 KiB
Plaintext
347 lines
14 KiB
Plaintext
Updating Information for FreeBSD current users
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This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh
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<imp@village.org>. See end of file for further details. For commonly
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done items, please see the COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file.
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Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in
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/usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running
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portupgrade. Important recent entries: 20040724 (default X changes).
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NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 6.x IS SLOW:
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FreeBSD 6.x has many debugging features turned on, in
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both the kernel and userland. These features attempt to detect
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incorrect use of system primitives, and encourage loud failure
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through extra sanity checking and fail stop semantics. They
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also substantially impact system performance. If you want to
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do performance measurement, benchmarking, and optimization,
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you'll want to turn them off. This includes various WITNESS-
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related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc debugging flags
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in userland, and various verbose features in the kernel. Many
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developers choose to disable these features on build machines
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to maximize performance.
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20050206:
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The cpufreq import is complete. As part of this, the sysctls for
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acpi(4) throttling have been removed. The power_profile(8) script
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has been updated, so you can use performance/economy_cpu_freq in
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rc.conf(5) to set AC on/offline cpu frequencies. The acpi
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throttling support has been merged into acpi_perf(4).
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20050206:
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NG_VERSION has been increased. Recompiling kernel (or ng_socket.ko)
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requires recompiling libnetgraph and userland netgraph utilities.
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20050114:
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Support for abbreviated forms of a number of ipfw options is
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now deprecated. Warnings are printed to stderr indicating the
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correct full form when a match occurs. Some abbreviations may
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be supported at a later date based on user feedback. To be
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considered for support, abbreviations must be in use prior to
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this commit and unlikely to be confused with current key words.
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20041221:
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By a popular demand, a lot of NOFOO options were renamed
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to NO_FOO (see bsd.compat.mk for a full list). The old
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spellings are still supported, but will cause annoying
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warnings on stderr. Make sure you upgrade properly (see
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the COMMON ITEMS: section later in this file).
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20041219:
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Auto-loading of ancillary wlan modules such as wlan_wep has
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been temporarily disabled; you need to statically configure
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the modules you need into your kernel or explicitly load them
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prior to use. Specifically, if you intend to use WEP encryption
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with an 802.11 device load/configure wlan_wep; if you want to
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use WPA with the ath driver load/configure wlan_tkip, wlan_ccmp,
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and wlan_xauth as required.
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20041213:
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The behaviour of ppp(8) has changed slightly. If lqr is enabled
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(``enable lqr''), older versions would revert to LCP ECHO mode on
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negotiation failure. Now, ``enable echo'' is required for this
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behaviour. The ppp version number has been bumped to 3.4.2 to
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reflect the change.
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20041201:
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The wlan support has been updated to split the crypto support
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into separate modules. For static WEP you must configure the
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wlan_wep module in your system or build and install the module
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in place where it can be loaded (the kernel will auto-load
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the module when a wep key is configured).
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20041201:
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The ath driver has been updated to split the tx rate control
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algorithm into a separate module. You need to include either
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ath_rate_onoe or ath_rate_amrr when configuring the kernel.
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20041116:
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Support for systems with an 80386 CPU has been removed. Please
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use FreeBSD 5.x or earlier on systems with an 80386.
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20041110:
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We have had a hack which would mount the root filesystem
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R/W if the device were named 'md*'. As part of the vnode
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work I'm doing I have had to remove this hack. People
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building systems which use preloaded MD root filesystems
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may need to insert a "/sbin/mount -u -o rw /dev/md0 /" in
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their /etc/rc scripts.
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20041104:
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FreeBSD 5.3 shipped here.
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20041102:
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The size of struct tcpcb has changed again due to the removal
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of RFC1644 T/TCP. You have to recompile userland programs that
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read kmem for tcp sockets directly (netstat, sockstat, etc.)
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20041022:
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The size of struct tcpcb has changed. You have to recompile
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userland programs that read kmem for tcp sockets directly
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(netstat, sockstat, etc.)
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20041016:
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RELENG_5 branched here. For older entries, please see updating
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in the RELENG_5 branch.
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COMMON ITEMS:
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# NOTE: 5.x below applies to 6.0-current as well, for the
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# moment. 4.any -> 5.any upgrade support will remain in
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# place for 6.0 current, but after 5.3 RELEASE, the 4.any ->
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# 6.0-current upgrade path will require moving through 5.3
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# RELEASE or newer.
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General Notes
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-------------
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Avoid using make -j when upgrading. From time to time in the
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past there have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or
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installworld. This is especially true when upgrading between
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"distant" versions (eg one that cross a major release boundary
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or several minor releases, or when several months have passed
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on the -current branch).
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Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment
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poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its
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environment when searching for values for global variables.
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To run your build attempts in an "environmental clean room",
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prefix all make commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual
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page for more details.
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To build a kernel
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-----------------
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If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just
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a few days old), you should follow this procedure. With a
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/usr/obj tree with a fresh buildworld,
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make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
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make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
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To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up
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--------------------------------------------------------------
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This assumes you are already running a 5.X system. Replace
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${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386",
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"alpha", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", etc).
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cd src/sys/${arch}/conf
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config KERNEL_NAME_HERE
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cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE
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make depend
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make
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make install
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If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section.
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To rebuild everything and install it on the current system.
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-----------------------------------------------------------
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# Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than
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# is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current.
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<make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
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<maybe fix /etc/fstab> [7]
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make buildworld
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make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
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[1]
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<reboot in single user> [3]
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src/etc/rc.d/preseedrandom [10]
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mergemaster -p [5]
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make installworld
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mergemaster [4]
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<reboot>
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To cross-install current onto a separate partition
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--------------------------------------------------
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# In this approach we use a separate partition to hold
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# current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition
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# holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in
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# size.
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<make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
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<boot into -stable>
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make buildworld
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<maybe newfs current's root partition>
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<mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}>
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make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
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make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
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cp src/sys/${ARCH}/conf/GENERIC.hints \
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${CURRENT_ROOT}/boot/device.hints # as needed
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make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
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cd src/etc; make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd
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cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd
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<edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition>
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<reboot into current>
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<do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section>
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<maybe install compatibility libraries from src/lib/compat>
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<reboot>
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To upgrade in-place from 4.x-stable to current
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----------------------------------------------
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# 5.x uses more space than 4.x. Also, the location of kernel
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# modules has changed. If you are installing 5.x onto a 4.x
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# system, you'll need about 30MB of free disk space on your /
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# partition. If you have less than this, you may encounter difficult
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# to back out of problems with this procedure. If /tmp is on
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# the / partition, you may want to completely remove all its content
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# before upgrading, as this can be a common source of shortage of
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# space on /.
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<make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
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<maybe fix /etc/fstab> [7]
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make buildworld [9]
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cp sys/${MACHINE}/conf/GENERIC.hints /boot/device.hints [2]
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make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8]
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cd sys/boot ; make STRIP="" install [6]
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[1]
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<reboot in single user> [3]
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src/etc/rc.d/preseedrandom [10]
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mergemaster -p [5]
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rm -rf /usr/include/g++
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make installworld
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mergemaster -i [4]
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<reboot>
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Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the
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tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life
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cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own
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to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of
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the UPDATING entries.
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Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to
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freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update
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your sources that you have read and understood all the recent
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messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has
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much fewer pitfalls.
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[1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you
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should disable them at this point so they don't crash your
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system on reboot.
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[2] If you have legacy ISA devices, you may need to create
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your own device.hints to reflect your unique hardware
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configuration.
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[3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do
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fsck -p
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mount -u /
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mount -a
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cd src
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adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time
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Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that
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you boot into single user mode to do the installworld.
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For the 4.x -> 5.x upgrade, you will also see many messages about
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needing to recompile your userland. These are harmless and can
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be ignored while you proceed to the next step.
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[4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step
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can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the
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system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those
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that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well
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as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists
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for potential gotchas.
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[5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time
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you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following
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step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to
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install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make
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install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated
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from current before 20020224 or from -stable before 20020408.
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[6] 4.x boot loader can be used to boot a 5.x system, however
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it is difficult to do that at best. If you wish to try, then
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you should interrupt the boot and at the ok prompt type:
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ok unload
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ok boot /boot/kernel/kernel
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If this fails to work, you must install a new boot loader as
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described here.
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[7] Before you upgrade, please make sure that you are not using
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compatibility slices. These are device names of the form /dev/ad0a
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without the actual slice name. These will break with 5.x and newer.
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You generally must update these entries to use the post FreeBSD
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2.x form of /dev/ad0s1a. i386 and pc98 are affected, while alpha
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is not.
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[8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries
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needed to do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4
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option in your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system
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that is hard to boot to recover.
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Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the
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last time you updated your kernel config file.
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[9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have
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cvs prune empty directories.
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If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the
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"?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can
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override the CPUTYPE if it needs to.
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MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and
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not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will
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warn if it is improperly defined.
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In case you would like to avoid installing new packages of everything,
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you might want to uncomment the "COMPAT4X= YES" entry, so that 4.x
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compatibility libraries are built which should allow you to continue
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using your existing software for a while. Alternatively, you can
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install the misc/compat4x port.
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[10] In order to create temporary files, /dev/random must be
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initialized by feeding data into it. src/etc/rc.d/preseedrandom
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takes care of this.
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FORMAT:
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This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major
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breakages in tracking -current. Not all things will be listed here,
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and it only starts on March 15, 2000. Updating files can found in
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previous releases if your system is older than this.
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Copyright information:
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Copyright 1998-2004 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved.
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Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without
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modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this
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document are permitted without further permission from the author.
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THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
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IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
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WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
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DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
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INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
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(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
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SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
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HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
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STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING
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IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
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POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
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If you find this document useful, and you want to, you may buy the
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author a beer.
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Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of
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this document.
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$FreeBSD$
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