265 lines
7.5 KiB
Groff
265 lines
7.5 KiB
Groff
.\" Copyright (c) 1998 Dag-Erling Coïdan Smørgrav
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.\" All rights reserved.
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.\"
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.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
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.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
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.\" are met:
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.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
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.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
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.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
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.\"
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.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
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.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
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.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
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.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
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.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
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.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
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.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
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.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
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.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
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.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
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.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
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.\"
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.\" $Id: fetch.3,v 1.1.1.1 1998/07/09 16:52:43 des Exp $
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.\"
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.Dd July 1, 1998
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.Dt FETCH 3
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.Os
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.Sh NAME
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.Nm fetchGetURL ,
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.Nm fetchPutURL ,
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.Nm fetchParseURL ,
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.Nm fetchFreeURL ,
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.Nm fetchGet ,
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.Nm fetchPut ,
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.Nm fetchGetFile ,
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.Nm fetchPutFile ,
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.Nm fetchGetHTTP ,
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.Nm fetchPutHTTP ,
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.Nm fetchGetFTP ,
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.Nm fetchPutFTP
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.Nd file transfer library
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.Sh SYNOPSIS
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.Fd #include <fetch.h>
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.Ft FILE *
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.Fn fetchGetURL "char *URL" "char *flags"
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.Ft FILE *
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.Fn fetchPutURL "char *URL" "char *flags"
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.Ft url_t *
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.Fn fetchParseURL "char *URL" "char *flags"
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.Ft void
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.Fn fetchFreeURL "url_t *u"
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.Ft FILE *
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.Fn fetchGet "url_t *URL" "char *flags"
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.Ft FILE *
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.Fn fetchPut "url_t *URL" "char *flags"
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.Ft FILE *
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.Fn fetchGetFile "url_t *u" "char *flags"
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.Ft FILE *
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.Fn fetchPutFile "url_t *u" "char *flags"
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.Ft FILE *
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.Fn fetchGetHTTP "url_t *u" "char *flags"
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.Ft FILE *
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.Fn fetchPutHTTP "url_t *u" "char *flags"
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.Ft FILE *
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.Fn fetchGetFTP "url_t *u" "char *flags"
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.Ft FILE *
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.Fn fetchPutFTP "url_t *u" "char *flags"
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.Sh DESCRIPTION
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These functions implement a high-level library for retrieving and
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uploading files using Uniform Resource Locators (URLs).
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.Pp
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.Fn fetchGetURL
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and
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.Fn fetchPutURL
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constitute the recommended interface to the
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.Nm fetch
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library. They examine the URL passed to them to determine the transfer
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method, and call the appropriate lower-level functions to perform the
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actual transfer. The
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.Fa flags
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argument is a string of characters which specify transfer options. The
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meaning of the individual flags is scheme-dependent, and is detailed
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in the appropriate section below.
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.Pp
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.Fn fetchParseURL
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takes a URL in the form of a null-terminated string and splits it into
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its components function according to the Common Internet Scheme Syntax
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detailed in RFC1738. A regular expression which produces this syntax
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is:
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.Bd -literal
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<scheme>:(//(<user>(:<pwd>)?@)?<host>(:<port>)?)?/(<document>)?
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.Ed
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.Pp
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Note that some components of the URL are not necessarily relevant to
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all URL schemes. For instance, the file scheme only needs the <scheme>
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and <document> components.
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.Pp
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The pointer returned by
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.Fn fetchParseURL
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should be freed using
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.Fn fetchFreeURL .
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.Pp
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.Fn fetchGet
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and
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.Fn fetchPut
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are similar to
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.Fn fetchGetURL
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and
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.Fn fetchPutURL ,
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except that they expect a pre-parsed URL in the form of a pointer to
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an
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.Fa url_t
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structure rather than a string.
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.Pp
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All of the
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.Fn fetchGetXXX
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and
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.Fn fetchPutXXX
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functions return a pointer to a stream which can be used to read or
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write data from or to the requested document, respectively. Note that
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although the implementation details of the individual access methods
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vary, it can generally be assumed that a stream returned by one of the
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.Fn fetchGetXXX
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functions is read-only, and that a stream returned by one of the
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.Fn fetchPutXXX
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functions is write-only.
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.Sh FILE SCHEME
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.Fn fetchGetFile
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and
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.Fn fetchPutFile
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provide access to documents which are files in a locally mounted file
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system. Only the <document> component of the URL is used.
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.Pp
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.Fn fetchGetFile
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does not accept any flags.
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.Pp
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.Fn fetchPutFile
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accepts the
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.Fa a
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(append to file) flag. If that flag is specified, the data written to
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the stream returned by
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.Fn fetchPutFile
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will be appended to the previous contents of the file, instead of
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replacing them.
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.Sh FTP SCHEME
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.Fn fetchGetFTP
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and
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.Fn fetchPutFTP
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implement the FTP protocol as described in RFC959.
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.Pp
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If the
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.Fa p
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(passive) flag is specified, a passive (rather than active) connection
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will be attempted.
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.Pp
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If no user name or password is given, the
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.Nm fetch
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library will attempt an anonymous login, with user name "ftp" and
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password "ftp".
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.Sh HTTP SCHEME
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The
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.Fn fetchGetHTTP
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and
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.Fn fetchPutHTTP
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functions implement the HTTP/1.1 protocol. With a little luck, there's
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even a chance that they comply with RFC2068.
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.Pp
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Since there seems to be no good way of implementing the HTTP PUT
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method in a manner consistent with the rest of the
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.Nm fetch
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library,
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.Fn fetchPutHTTP
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is currently unimplemented.
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.Sh RETURN VALUES
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.Fn fetchParseURL
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returns a pointer to a
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.Fa url_t
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structure containing the individual components of the URL. If it is
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unable to allocate memory, or the URL is syntactically incorrect,
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.Fn fetchParseURL
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returns a NULL pointer.
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.Pp
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.Fn fetchFreeURL
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does not return any value.
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.Pp
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All other functions return a stream pointer which may be used to
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access the requested document. Upon failure of any kind, they return a
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NULL pointer.
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.Sh ENVIRONMENT
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The FTP and HTTP related functions use the
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.Ev HTTP_PROXY
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and
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.Ev FTP_PROXY
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environment variables, respectively, as the address of a proxy server
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to use for transferring files.
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.Sh SEE ALSO
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.Xr fetch 1 ,
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.Xr ftpio 3
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.Rs
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.%A T. Berners-Lee, L. Masinter & M. McCahill
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.%D December 1994
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.%T Uniform Resource Locators (URL)
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.%O RFC1738
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.Re
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.Rs
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.%A R. Fielding, J. Gettys, J. Mogul, H. Frystyk, T. Berners-Lee
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.%D Januray 1997
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.%B Hypertext Transfer Protocol -- HTTP/1.1
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.%O RFC2068
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.Re
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.Rs
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.%A J. Postel, J. K. Reynolds
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.%D October 1985
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.%B File Transfer Protocol
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.%O RFC959
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.Re
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.Sh DIAGNOSTICS
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Add later.
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.Sh NOTES
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Some parts of the library are not yet implemented. The most notable
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examples of this are
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.Fn fetchPutHTTP
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and proxy support for the FTP access method.
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.Sh HISTORY
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The
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.Nm fetch
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library first appeared in
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.Fx 3.0 .
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.Sh AUTHORS
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The
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.Nm fetch
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library was mostly written by
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.An Dag-Erling Coïdan Smørgrav Aq des@FreeBSD.org
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with numerous suggestions from
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.An Jordan K. Hubbard Aq jkh@FreeBSD.org
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and other FreeBSD developers.
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It incorporates the older
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.Nm ftpio
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library, which was originally written by
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.Nm Poul-Henning Kamp Aq pkh@FreeBSD.org
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and later turned inside out by
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.An Jordan K. Hubbard Aq jkh@FreeBSD.org .
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.Pp
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This manual page was written by
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.An Dag-Erling Coïdan Smørgrav Aq des@FreeBSD.org
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.Sh BUGS
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There's no way to select a proxy at run-time other than setting the
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.Ev HTTP_PROXY
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or
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.Ev FTP_PROXY
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environment variables as appropriate. There is also no way to stop the
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FTP and HTTP functions from trying to use a proxy if these variables
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are set.
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.Pp
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HTTP authentication doesn't work. I'm not sure that's a bug in my
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code; as far as I can determine,
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.Nm libfetch
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handles HTTP/1.1 basic authentication correctly as outlined in
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RFC2068, but I haven't been able to find an HTTP server that honors
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the Authentication: header field.
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.Pp
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Tons of other stuff.
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