199 lines
5.9 KiB
Plaintext
199 lines
5.9 KiB
Plaintext
@ignore
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This file documents the user interface to the GNU History library.
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Copyright (C) 1988, 1991 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
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Authored by Brian Fox and Chet Ramey.
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Permission is granted to make and distribute verbatim copies of this manual
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provided the copyright notice and this permission notice are preserved on
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all copies.
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Permission is granted to process this file through Tex and print the
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results, provided the printed document carries copying permission notice
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identical to this one except for the removal of this paragraph (this
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paragraph not being relevant to the printed manual).
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Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
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manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided also that the
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GNU Copyright statement is available to the distributee, and provided that
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the entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
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permission notice identical to this one.
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Permission is granted to copy and distribute translations of this manual
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into another language, under the above conditions for modified versions.
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@end ignore
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@node Using History Interactively
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@chapter Using History Interactively
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@ifset BashFeatures
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This chapter describes how to use the GNU History Library interactively,
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from a user's standpoint. It should be considered a user's guide. For
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information on using the GNU History Library in your own programs,
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see the GNU Readline Library Manual.
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@end ifset
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@ifclear BashFeatures
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This chapter describes how to use the GNU History Library interactively,
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from a user's standpoint. It should be considered a user's guide. For
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information on using the GNU History Library in your own programs,
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@pxref{Programming with GNU History}.
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@end ifclear
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@menu
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* History Interaction:: What it feels like using History as a user.
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@end menu
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@node History Interaction
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@section History Interaction
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@cindex expansion
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The History library provides a history expansion feature that is similar
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to the history expansion provided by @code{csh}. The following text
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describes the syntax used to manipulate the history information.
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History expansion takes place in two parts. The first is to determine
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which line from the previous history should be used during substitution.
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The second is to select portions of that line for inclusion into the
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current one. The line selected from the previous history is called the
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@dfn{event}, and the portions of that line that are acted upon are
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called @dfn{words}. The line is broken into words in the same fashion
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that Bash does, so that several English (or Unix) words
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surrounded by quotes are considered as one word.
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@menu
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* Event Designators:: How to specify which history line to use.
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* Word Designators:: Specifying which words are of interest.
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* Modifiers:: Modifying the results of substitution.
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@end menu
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@node Event Designators
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@subsection Event Designators
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@cindex event designators
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An event designator is a reference to a command line entry in the
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history list.
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@cindex history events
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@table @asis
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@item @code{!}
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Start a history substitution, except when followed by a space, tab,
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the end of the line, @key{=} or @key{(}.
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@item @code{!!}
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Refer to the previous command. This is a synonym for @code{!-1}.
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@item @code{!n}
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Refer to command line @var{n}.
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@item @code{!-n}
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Refer to the command @var{n} lines back.
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@item @code{!string}
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Refer to the most recent command starting with @var{string}.
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@item @code{!?string}[@code{?}]
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Refer to the most recent command containing @var{string}.
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@item @code{!#}
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The entire command line typed so far.
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@item @code{^string1^string2^}
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Quick Substitution. Repeat the last command, replacing @var{string1}
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with @var{string2}. Equivalent to
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@code{!!:s/string1/string2/}.
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@end table
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@node Word Designators
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@subsection Word Designators
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A @key{:} separates the event specification from the word designator. It
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can be omitted if the word designator begins with a @key{^}, @key{$},
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@key{*} or @key{%}. Words are numbered from the beginning of the line,
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with the first word being denoted by a 0 (zero).
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@table @code
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@item 0 (zero)
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The @code{0}th word. For many applications, this is the command word.
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@item n
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The @var{n}th word.
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@item ^
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The first argument; that is, word 1.
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@item $
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The last argument.
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@item %
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The word matched by the most recent @code{?string?} search.
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@item x-y
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A range of words; @code{-@var{y}} abbreviates @code{0-@var{y}}.
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@item *
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All of the words, except the @code{0}th. This is a synonym for @code{1-$}.
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It is not an error to use @key{*} if there is just one word in the event;
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the empty string is returned in that case.
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@item x*
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Abbreviates @code{x-$}
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@item x-
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Abbreviates @code{x-$} like @code{x*}, but omits the last word.
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@end table
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@node Modifiers
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@subsection Modifiers
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After the optional word designator, you can add a sequence of one or more
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of the following modifiers, each preceded by a @key{:}.
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@table @code
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@item h
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Remove a trailing pathname component, leaving only the head.
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@item r
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Remove a trailing suffix of the form @samp{.}@var{suffix}, leaving the basename.
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@item e
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Remove all but the trailing suffix.
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@item t
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Remove all leading pathname components, leaving the tail.
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@item p
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Print the new command but do not execute it.
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@ifset BashFeatures
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@item q
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Quote the substituted words, escaping further substitutions.
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@item x
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Quote the substituted words as with @code{q},
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but break into words at spaces, tabs, and newlines.
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@end ifset
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@item s/old/new/
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Substitute @var{new} for the first occurrence of @var{old} in the
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event line. Any delimiter may be used in place of @key{/}.
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The delimiter may be quoted in @var{old} and @var{new}
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with a single backslash. If @key{&} appears in @var{new},
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it is replaced by @var{old}. A single backslash will quote
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the @key{&}. The final delimiter is optional if it is the last
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character on the input line.
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@item &
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Repeat the previous substitution.
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@item g
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Cause changes to be applied over the entire event line. Used in
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conjunction with @code{s}, as in @code{gs/old/new/}, or with
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@code{&}.
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@end table
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