f374ba41f5
Release notes are available at https://www.openssh.com/txt/release-9.2 OpenSSH 9.2 contains fixes for two security problems and a memory safety problem. The memory safety problem is not believed to be exploitable. These fixes have already been committed to OpenSSH 9.1 in FreeBSD. Some other notable items from the release notes: * ssh(1): add a new EnableEscapeCommandline ssh_config(5) option that controls whether the client-side ~C escape sequence that provides a command-line is available. Among other things, the ~C command-line could be used to add additional port-forwards at runtime. * sshd(8): add support for channel inactivity timeouts via a new sshd_config(5) ChannelTimeout directive. This allows channels that have not seen traffic in a configurable interval to be automatically closed. Different timeouts may be applied to session, X11, agent and TCP forwarding channels. * sshd(8): add a sshd_config UnusedConnectionTimeout option to terminate client connections that have no open channels for a length of time. This complements the ChannelTimeout option above. * sshd(8): add a -V (version) option to sshd like the ssh client has. * scp(1), sftp(1): add a -X option to both scp(1) and sftp(1) to allow control over some SFTP protocol parameters: the copy buffer length and the number of in-flight requests, both of which are used during upload/download. Previously these could be controlled in sftp(1) only. This makes them available in both SFTP protocol clients using the same option character sequence. * ssh-keyscan(1): allow scanning of complete CIDR address ranges, e.g. "ssh-keyscan 192.168.0.0/24". If a CIDR range is passed, then it will be expanded to all possible addresses in the range including the all-0s and all-1s addresses. bz#976 * ssh(1): support dynamic remote port forwarding in escape command-line's -R processing. bz#3499 MFC after: 1 week Sponsored by: The FreeBSD Foundation
326 lines
7.9 KiB
Groff
326 lines
7.9 KiB
Groff
.\"
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.\" scp.1
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.\"
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.\" Author: Tatu Ylonen <ylo@cs.hut.fi>
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.\"
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.\" Copyright (c) 1995 Tatu Ylonen <ylo@cs.hut.fi>, Espoo, Finland
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.\" All rights reserved
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.\"
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.\" Created: Sun May 7 00:14:37 1995 ylo
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.\"
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.\" $OpenBSD: scp.1,v 1.112 2022/12/16 07:13:22 djm Exp $
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.\"
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.Dd $Mdocdate: December 16 2022 $
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.Dt SCP 1
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.Os
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.Sh NAME
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.Nm scp
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.Nd OpenSSH secure file copy
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.Sh SYNOPSIS
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.Nm scp
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.Op Fl 346ABCOpqRrsTv
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.Op Fl c Ar cipher
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.Op Fl D Ar sftp_server_path
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.Op Fl F Ar ssh_config
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.Op Fl i Ar identity_file
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.Op Fl J Ar destination
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.Op Fl l Ar limit
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.Op Fl o Ar ssh_option
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.Op Fl P Ar port
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.Op Fl S Ar program
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.Op Fl X Ar sftp_option
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.Ar source ... target
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.Sh DESCRIPTION
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.Nm
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copies files between hosts on a network.
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.Pp
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.Nm
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uses the SFTP protocol over a
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.Xr ssh 1
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connection for data transfer, and uses the same authentication and provides
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the same security as a login session.
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.Pp
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.Nm
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will ask for passwords or passphrases if they are needed for
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authentication.
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.Pp
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The
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.Ar source
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and
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.Ar target
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may be specified as a local pathname, a remote host with optional path
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in the form
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.Sm off
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.Oo user @ Oc host : Op path ,
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.Sm on
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or a URI in the form
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.Sm off
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.No scp:// Oo user @ Oc host Oo : port Oc Op / path .
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.Sm on
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Local file names can be made explicit using absolute or relative pathnames
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to avoid
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.Nm
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treating file names containing
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.Sq :\&
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as host specifiers.
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.Pp
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When copying between two remote hosts, if the URI format is used, a
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.Ar port
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cannot be specified on the
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.Ar target
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if the
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.Fl R
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option is used.
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.Pp
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The options are as follows:
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.Bl -tag -width Ds
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.It Fl 3
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Copies between two remote hosts are transferred through the local host.
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Without this option the data is copied directly between the two remote
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hosts.
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Note that, when using the legacy SCP protocol (via the
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.Fl O
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flag), this option
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selects batch mode for the second host as
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.Nm
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cannot ask for passwords or passphrases for both hosts.
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This mode is the default.
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.It Fl 4
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Forces
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.Nm
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to use IPv4 addresses only.
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.It Fl 6
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Forces
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.Nm
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to use IPv6 addresses only.
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.It Fl A
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Allows forwarding of
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.Xr ssh-agent 1
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to the remote system.
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The default is not to forward an authentication agent.
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.It Fl B
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Selects batch mode (prevents asking for passwords or passphrases).
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.It Fl C
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Compression enable.
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Passes the
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.Fl C
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flag to
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.Xr ssh 1
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to enable compression.
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.It Fl c Ar cipher
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Selects the cipher to use for encrypting the data transfer.
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This option is directly passed to
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.Xr ssh 1 .
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.It Fl D Ar sftp_server_path
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Connect directly to a local SFTP server program rather than a
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remote one via
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.Xr ssh 1 .
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This option may be useful in debugging the client and server.
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.It Fl F Ar ssh_config
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Specifies an alternative
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per-user configuration file for
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.Nm ssh .
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This option is directly passed to
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.Xr ssh 1 .
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.It Fl i Ar identity_file
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Selects the file from which the identity (private key) for public key
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authentication is read.
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This option is directly passed to
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.Xr ssh 1 .
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.It Fl J Ar destination
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Connect to the target host by first making an
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.Nm
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connection to the jump host described by
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.Ar destination
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and then establishing a TCP forwarding to the ultimate destination from
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there.
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Multiple jump hops may be specified separated by comma characters.
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This is a shortcut to specify a
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.Cm ProxyJump
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configuration directive.
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This option is directly passed to
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.Xr ssh 1 .
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.It Fl l Ar limit
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Limits the used bandwidth, specified in Kbit/s.
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.It Fl O
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Use the legacy SCP protocol for file transfers instead of the SFTP protocol.
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Forcing the use of the SCP protocol may be necessary for servers that do
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not implement SFTP, for backwards-compatibility for particular filename
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wildcard patterns and for expanding paths with a
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.Sq ~
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prefix for older SFTP servers.
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.It Fl o Ar ssh_option
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Can be used to pass options to
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.Nm ssh
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in the format used in
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.Xr ssh_config 5 .
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This is useful for specifying options
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for which there is no separate
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.Nm scp
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command-line flag.
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For full details of the options listed below, and their possible values, see
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.Xr ssh_config 5 .
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.Pp
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.Bl -tag -width Ds -offset indent -compact
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.It AddressFamily
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.It BatchMode
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.It BindAddress
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.It BindInterface
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.It CanonicalDomains
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.It CanonicalizeFallbackLocal
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.It CanonicalizeHostname
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.It CanonicalizeMaxDots
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.It CanonicalizePermittedCNAMEs
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.It CASignatureAlgorithms
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.It CertificateFile
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.It CheckHostIP
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.It Ciphers
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.It Compression
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.It ConnectionAttempts
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.It ConnectTimeout
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.It ControlMaster
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.It ControlPath
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.It ControlPersist
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.It GlobalKnownHostsFile
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.It GSSAPIAuthentication
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.It GSSAPIDelegateCredentials
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.It HashKnownHosts
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.It Host
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.It HostbasedAcceptedAlgorithms
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.It HostbasedAuthentication
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.It HostKeyAlgorithms
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.It HostKeyAlias
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.It Hostname
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.It IdentitiesOnly
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.It IdentityAgent
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.It IdentityFile
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.It IPQoS
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.It KbdInteractiveAuthentication
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.It KbdInteractiveDevices
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.It KexAlgorithms
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.It KnownHostsCommand
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.It LogLevel
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.It MACs
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.It NoHostAuthenticationForLocalhost
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.It NumberOfPasswordPrompts
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.It PasswordAuthentication
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.It PKCS11Provider
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.It Port
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.It PreferredAuthentications
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.It ProxyCommand
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.It ProxyJump
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.It PubkeyAcceptedAlgorithms
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.It PubkeyAuthentication
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.It RekeyLimit
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.It RequiredRSASize
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.It SendEnv
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.It ServerAliveInterval
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.It ServerAliveCountMax
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.It SetEnv
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.It StrictHostKeyChecking
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.It TCPKeepAlive
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.It UpdateHostKeys
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.It User
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.It UserKnownHostsFile
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.It VerifyHostKeyDNS
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.El
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.It Fl P Ar port
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Specifies the port to connect to on the remote host.
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Note that this option is written with a capital
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.Sq P ,
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because
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.Fl p
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is already reserved for preserving the times and mode bits of the file.
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.It Fl p
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Preserves modification times, access times, and file mode bits from the
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source file.
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.It Fl q
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Quiet mode: disables the progress meter as well as warning and diagnostic
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messages from
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.Xr ssh 1 .
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.It Fl R
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Copies between two remote hosts are performed by connecting to the origin
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host and executing
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.Nm
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there.
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This requires that
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.Nm
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running on the origin host can authenticate to the destination host without
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requiring a password.
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.It Fl r
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Recursively copy entire directories.
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Note that
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.Nm
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follows symbolic links encountered in the tree traversal.
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.It Fl S Ar program
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Name of
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.Ar program
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to use for the encrypted connection.
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The program must understand
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.Xr ssh 1
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options.
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.It Fl T
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Disable strict filename checking.
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By default when copying files from a remote host to a local directory
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.Nm
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checks that the received filenames match those requested on the command-line
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to prevent the remote end from sending unexpected or unwanted files.
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Because of differences in how various operating systems and shells interpret
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filename wildcards, these checks may cause wanted files to be rejected.
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This option disables these checks at the expense of fully trusting that
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the server will not send unexpected filenames.
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.It Fl v
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Verbose mode.
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Causes
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.Nm
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and
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.Xr ssh 1
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to print debugging messages about their progress.
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This is helpful in
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debugging connection, authentication, and configuration problems.
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.It Fl X Ar sftp_option
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Specify an option that controls aspects of SFTP protocol behaviour.
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The valid options are:
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.Bl -tag -width Ds
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.It Cm nrequests Ns = Ns Ar value
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Controls how many concurrent SFTP read or write requests may be in progress
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at any point in time during a download or upload.
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By default 64 requests may be active concurrently.
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.It Cm buffer Ns = Ns Ar value
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Controls the maximum buffer size for a single SFTP read/write operation used
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during download or upload.
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By default a 32KB buffer is used.
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.El
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.El
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.Sh EXIT STATUS
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.Ex -std scp
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.Sh SEE ALSO
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.Xr sftp 1 ,
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.Xr ssh 1 ,
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.Xr ssh-add 1 ,
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.Xr ssh-agent 1 ,
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.Xr ssh-keygen 1 ,
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.Xr ssh_config 5 ,
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.Xr sftp-server 8 ,
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.Xr sshd 8
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.Sh HISTORY
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.Nm
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is based on the rcp program in
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.Bx
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source code from the Regents of the University of California.
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.Pp
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Since OpenSSH 9.0,
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.Nm
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has used the SFTP protocol for transfers by default.
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.Sh AUTHORS
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.An Timo Rinne Aq Mt tri@iki.fi
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.An Tatu Ylonen Aq Mt ylo@cs.hut.fi
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.Sh CAVEATS
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The legacy SCP protocol (selected by the
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.Fl O
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flag) requires execution of the remote user's shell to perform
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.Xr glob 3
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pattern matching.
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This requires careful quoting of any characters that have special meaning to
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the remote shell, such as quote characters.
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