fbbd9655e5
Renumber cluase 4 to 3, per what everybody else did when BSD granted them permission to remove clause 3. My insistance on keeping the same numbering for legal reasons is too pedantic, so give up on that point. Submitted by: Jan Schaumann <jschauma@stevens.edu> Pull Request: https://github.com/freebsd/freebsd/pull/96
162 lines
5.0 KiB
Groff
162 lines
5.0 KiB
Groff
.\" $NetBSD: inet_net.3,v 1.4 1999/03/22 19:44:52 garbled Exp $
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.\"
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.\" Copyright (c) 1997 The NetBSD Foundation, Inc.
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.\" All rights reserved.
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.\"
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.\" This code is derived from software contributed to The NetBSD Foundation
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.\" by Luke Mewburn.
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.\"
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.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
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.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
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.\" are met:
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.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
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.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
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.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
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.\" 3. Neither the name of The NetBSD Foundation nor the names of its
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.\" contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived
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.\" from this software without specific prior written permission.
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.\"
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.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE NETBSD FOUNDATION, INC. AND CONTRIBUTORS
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.\" ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
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.\" TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
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.\" PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE FOUNDATION OR CONTRIBUTORS
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.\" BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
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.\" CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
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.\" SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
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.\" INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
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.\" CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
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.\" ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
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.\" POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
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.\"
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.\" $FreeBSD$
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.\"
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.Dd August 18, 2016
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.Dt INET_NET 3
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.Os
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.Sh NAME
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.Nm inet_net_ntop ,
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.Nm inet_net_pton
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.Nd Internet network number manipulation routines
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.Sh LIBRARY
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.Lb libc
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.Sh SYNOPSIS
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.In sys/socket.h
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.In netinet/in.h
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.In arpa/inet.h
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.Ft char *
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.Fn inet_net_ntop "int af" "const void *src" "int bits" "char *dst" "size_t size"
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.Ft int
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.Fn inet_net_pton "int af" "const char *src" "void *dst" "size_t size"
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.Sh DESCRIPTION
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The
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.Fn inet_net_ntop
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function converts an Internet network number from network format (usually a
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.Vt "struct in_addr"
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or some other binary form, in network byte order) to CIDR presentation format
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(suitable for external display purposes).
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The
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.Fa bits
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argument
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is the number of bits in
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.Fa src
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that are the network number.
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It returns
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.Dv NULL
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if a system error occurs (in which case,
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.Va errno
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will have been set), or it returns a pointer to the destination string.
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.Pp
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The
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.Fn inet_net_pton
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function converts a presentation format Internet network number (that is,
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printable form as held in a character string) to network format (usually a
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.Vt "struct in_addr"
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or some other internal binary representation, in network byte order).
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It returns the number of bits (either computed based on the class, or
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specified with /CIDR), or \-1 if a failure occurred
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(in which case
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.Va errno
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will have been set.
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It will be set to
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.Er ENOENT
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if the Internet network number was not valid).
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.Pp
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The currently supported values for
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.Fa af
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are
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.Dv AF_INET
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and
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.Dv AF_INET6 .
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The
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.Fa size
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argument
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is the size of the result buffer
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.Fa dst .
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.Sh NETWORK NUMBERS (IP VERSION 4)
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Internet network numbers may be specified in one of the following forms:
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.Bd -literal -offset indent
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a.b.c.d/bits
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a.b.c.d
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a.b.c
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a.b
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a
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.Ed
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.Pp
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When four parts are specified, each is interpreted
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as a byte of data and assigned, from left to right,
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to the four bytes of an Internet network number.
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Note
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that when an Internet network number is viewed as a 32-bit
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integer quantity on a system that uses little-endian
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byte order (such as the
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.Tn Intel 386 , 486 ,
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and
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.Tn Pentium
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processors) the bytes referred to above appear as
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.Dq Li d.c.b.a .
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That is, little-endian bytes are ordered from right to left.
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.Pp
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When a three part number is specified, the last
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part is interpreted as a 16-bit quantity and placed
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in the rightmost two bytes of the Internet network number.
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This makes the three part number format convenient
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for specifying Class B network numbers as
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.Dq Li 128.net.host .
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.Pp
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When a two part number is supplied, the last part
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is interpreted as a 24-bit quantity and placed in
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the rightmost three bytes of the Internet network number.
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This makes the two part number format convenient
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for specifying Class A network numbers as
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.Dq Li net.host .
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.Pp
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When only one part is given, the value is stored
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directly in the Internet network number without any byte
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rearrangement.
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.Pp
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All numbers supplied as
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.Dq parts
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in a
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.Ql \&.
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notation
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may be decimal, octal, or hexadecimal, as specified
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in the C language (i.e., a leading 0x or 0X implies
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hexadecimal; otherwise, a leading 0 implies octal;
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otherwise, the number is interpreted as decimal).
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.\"
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.\" .Sh NETWORK NUMBERS (IP VERSION 6)
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.\" XXX - document this!
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.\"
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.Sh SEE ALSO
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.Xr byteorder 3 ,
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.Xr inet 3 ,
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.Xr networks 5
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.Sh HISTORY
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The
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.Fn inet_net_ntop
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and
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.Fn inet_net_pton
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functions appeared in BIND 4.9.4.
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