406 lines
12 KiB
C
406 lines
12 KiB
C
/*
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* Copyright (c) 2005,
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* Bosko Milekic <bmilekic@FreeBSD.org>. All rights reserved.
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*
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* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
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* modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
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* are met:
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* 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
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* notice unmodified, this list of conditions, and the following
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* disclaimer.
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* 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
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* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
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* documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
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*
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* THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
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* IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
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* OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
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* IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
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* INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
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* NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
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* DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
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* THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
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* (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
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* THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
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*/
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#include <sys/cdefs.h>
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__FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
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/*
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* MemGuard is a simple replacement allocator for debugging only
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* which provides ElectricFence-style memory barrier protection on
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* objects being allocated, and is used to detect tampering-after-free
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* scenarios.
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*
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* See the memguard(9) man page for more information on using MemGuard.
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*/
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#include <sys/param.h>
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#include <sys/systm.h>
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#include <sys/kernel.h>
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#include <sys/types.h>
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#include <sys/queue.h>
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#include <sys/lock.h>
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#include <sys/mutex.h>
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#include <sys/malloc.h>
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#include <sys/sysctl.h>
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#include <vm/vm.h>
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#include <vm/vm_param.h>
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#include <vm/vm_page.h>
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#include <vm/vm_map.h>
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#include <vm/vm_extern.h>
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#include <vm/memguard.h>
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/*
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* The maximum number of pages allowed per allocation. If you're using
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* MemGuard to override very large items (> MAX_PAGES_PER_ITEM in size),
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* you need to increase MAX_PAGES_PER_ITEM.
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*/
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#define MAX_PAGES_PER_ITEM 64
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SYSCTL_NODE(_vm, OID_AUTO, memguard, CTLFLAG_RW, NULL, "MemGuard data");
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/*
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* The vm_memguard_divisor variable controls how much of kmem_map should be
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* reserved for MemGuard.
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*/
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u_int vm_memguard_divisor;
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SYSCTL_UINT(_vm_memguard, OID_AUTO, divisor, CTLFLAG_RD, &vm_memguard_divisor,
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0, "(kmem_size/memguard_divisor) == memguard submap size");
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/*
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* Short description (ks_shortdesc) of memory type to monitor.
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*/
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static char vm_memguard_desc[128] = "";
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static struct malloc_type *vm_memguard_mtype = NULL;
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TUNABLE_STR("vm.memguard.desc", vm_memguard_desc, sizeof(vm_memguard_desc));
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static int
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memguard_sysctl_desc(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS)
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{
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struct malloc_type_internal *mtip;
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struct malloc_type_stats *mtsp;
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struct malloc_type *mtp;
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char desc[128];
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long bytes;
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int error, i;
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strlcpy(desc, vm_memguard_desc, sizeof(desc));
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error = sysctl_handle_string(oidp, desc, sizeof(desc), req);
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if (error != 0 || req->newptr == NULL)
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return (error);
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/*
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* We can change memory type when no memory has been allocated for it
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* or when there is no such memory type yet (ie. it will be loaded with
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* kernel module).
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*/
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bytes = 0;
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mtx_lock(&malloc_mtx);
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mtp = malloc_desc2type(desc);
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if (mtp != NULL) {
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mtip = mtp->ks_handle;
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for (i = 0; i < MAXCPU; i++) {
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mtsp = &mtip->mti_stats[i];
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bytes += mtsp->mts_memalloced;
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bytes -= mtsp->mts_memfreed;
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}
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}
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if (bytes > 0)
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error = EBUSY;
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else {
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/*
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* If mtp is NULL, it will be initialized in memguard_cmp().
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*/
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vm_memguard_mtype = mtp;
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strlcpy(vm_memguard_desc, desc, sizeof(vm_memguard_desc));
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}
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mtx_unlock(&malloc_mtx);
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return (error);
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}
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SYSCTL_PROC(_vm_memguard, OID_AUTO, desc, CTLTYPE_STRING | CTLFLAG_RW, 0, 0,
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memguard_sysctl_desc, "A", "Short description of memory type to monitor");
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/*
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* Global MemGuard data.
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*/
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static vm_map_t memguard_map;
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static unsigned long memguard_mapsize;
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static unsigned long memguard_mapused;
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struct memguard_entry {
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STAILQ_ENTRY(memguard_entry) entries;
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void *ptr;
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};
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static struct memguard_fifo {
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struct memguard_entry *stqh_first;
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struct memguard_entry **stqh_last;
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int index;
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} memguard_fifo_pool[MAX_PAGES_PER_ITEM];
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/*
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* Local prototypes.
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*/
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static void memguard_guard(void *addr, int numpgs);
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static void memguard_unguard(void *addr, int numpgs);
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static struct memguard_fifo *vtomgfifo(vm_offset_t va);
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static void vsetmgfifo(vm_offset_t va, struct memguard_fifo *mgfifo);
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static void vclrmgfifo(vm_offset_t va);
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/*
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* Local macros. MemGuard data is global, so replace these with whatever
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* your system uses to protect global data (if it is kernel-level
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* parallelized). This is for porting among BSDs.
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*/
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#define MEMGUARD_CRIT_SECTION_DECLARE static struct mtx memguard_mtx
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#define MEMGUARD_CRIT_SECTION_INIT \
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mtx_init(&memguard_mtx, "MemGuard mtx", NULL, MTX_DEF)
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#define MEMGUARD_CRIT_SECTION_ENTER mtx_lock(&memguard_mtx)
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#define MEMGUARD_CRIT_SECTION_EXIT mtx_unlock(&memguard_mtx)
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MEMGUARD_CRIT_SECTION_DECLARE;
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/*
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* Initialize the MemGuard mock allocator. All objects from MemGuard come
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* out of a single VM map (contiguous chunk of address space).
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*/
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void
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memguard_init(vm_map_t parent_map, unsigned long size)
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{
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char *base, *limit;
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int i;
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/* size must be multiple of PAGE_SIZE */
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size /= PAGE_SIZE;
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size++;
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size *= PAGE_SIZE;
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memguard_map = kmem_suballoc(parent_map, (vm_offset_t *)&base,
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(vm_offset_t *)&limit, (vm_size_t)size, FALSE);
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memguard_map->system_map = 1;
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memguard_mapsize = size;
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memguard_mapused = 0;
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MEMGUARD_CRIT_SECTION_INIT;
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MEMGUARD_CRIT_SECTION_ENTER;
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for (i = 0; i < MAX_PAGES_PER_ITEM; i++) {
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STAILQ_INIT(&memguard_fifo_pool[i]);
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memguard_fifo_pool[i].index = i;
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}
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MEMGUARD_CRIT_SECTION_EXIT;
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printf("MEMGUARD DEBUGGING ALLOCATOR INITIALIZED:\n");
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printf("\tMEMGUARD map base: %p\n", base);
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printf("\tMEMGUARD map limit: %p\n", limit);
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printf("\tMEMGUARD map size: %ld (Bytes)\n", size);
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}
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/*
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* Allocate a single object of specified size with specified flags (either
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* M_WAITOK or M_NOWAIT).
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*/
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void *
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memguard_alloc(unsigned long size, int flags)
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{
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void *obj;
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struct memguard_entry *e = NULL;
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int numpgs;
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numpgs = size / PAGE_SIZE;
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if ((size % PAGE_SIZE) != 0)
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numpgs++;
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if (numpgs > MAX_PAGES_PER_ITEM)
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panic("MEMGUARD: You must increase MAX_PAGES_PER_ITEM " \
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"in memguard.c (requested: %d pages)", numpgs);
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if (numpgs == 0)
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return NULL;
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/*
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* If we haven't exhausted the memguard_map yet, allocate from
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* it and grab a new page, even if we have recycled pages in our
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* FIFO. This is because we wish to allow recycled pages to live
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* guarded in the FIFO for as long as possible in order to catch
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* even very late tamper-after-frees, even though it means that
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* we end up wasting more memory, this is only a DEBUGGING allocator
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* after all.
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*/
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MEMGUARD_CRIT_SECTION_ENTER;
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if (memguard_mapused >= memguard_mapsize) {
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e = STAILQ_FIRST(&memguard_fifo_pool[numpgs - 1]);
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if (e != NULL) {
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STAILQ_REMOVE(&memguard_fifo_pool[numpgs - 1], e,
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memguard_entry, entries);
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MEMGUARD_CRIT_SECTION_EXIT;
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obj = e->ptr;
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free(e, M_TEMP);
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memguard_unguard(obj, numpgs);
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if (flags & M_ZERO)
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bzero(obj, PAGE_SIZE * numpgs);
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return obj;
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}
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MEMGUARD_CRIT_SECTION_EXIT;
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if (flags & M_WAITOK)
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panic("MEMGUARD: Failed with M_WAITOK: " \
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"memguard_map too small");
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return NULL;
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}
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memguard_mapused += (PAGE_SIZE * numpgs);
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MEMGUARD_CRIT_SECTION_EXIT;
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obj = (void *)kmem_malloc(memguard_map, PAGE_SIZE * numpgs, flags);
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if (obj != NULL) {
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vsetmgfifo((vm_offset_t)obj, &memguard_fifo_pool[numpgs - 1]);
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if (flags & M_ZERO)
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bzero(obj, PAGE_SIZE * numpgs);
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} else {
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MEMGUARD_CRIT_SECTION_ENTER;
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memguard_mapused -= (PAGE_SIZE * numpgs);
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MEMGUARD_CRIT_SECTION_EXIT;
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}
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return obj;
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}
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/*
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* Free specified single object.
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*/
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void
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memguard_free(void *addr)
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{
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struct memguard_entry *e;
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struct memguard_fifo *mgfifo;
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int idx;
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int *temp;
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addr = (void *)trunc_page((unsigned long)addr);
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/*
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* Page should not be guarded by now, so force a write.
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* The purpose of this is to increase the likelihood of catching a
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* double-free, but not necessarily a tamper-after-free (the second
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* thread freeing might not write before freeing, so this forces it
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* to and, subsequently, trigger a fault).
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*/
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temp = (int *)((unsigned long)addr + (PAGE_SIZE/2)); /* in page */
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*temp = 0xd34dc0d3;
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mgfifo = vtomgfifo((vm_offset_t)addr);
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idx = mgfifo->index;
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memguard_guard(addr, idx + 1);
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e = malloc(sizeof(struct memguard_entry), M_TEMP, M_NOWAIT);
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if (e == NULL) {
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MEMGUARD_CRIT_SECTION_ENTER;
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memguard_mapused -= (PAGE_SIZE * (idx + 1));
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MEMGUARD_CRIT_SECTION_EXIT;
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memguard_unguard(addr, idx + 1); /* just in case */
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vclrmgfifo((vm_offset_t)addr);
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kmem_free(memguard_map, (vm_offset_t)addr,
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PAGE_SIZE * (idx + 1));
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return;
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}
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e->ptr = addr;
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MEMGUARD_CRIT_SECTION_ENTER;
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STAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(mgfifo, e, entries);
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MEMGUARD_CRIT_SECTION_EXIT;
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}
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int
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memguard_cmp(struct malloc_type *mtp)
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{
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#if 1
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/*
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* The safest way of comparsion is to always compare short description
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* string of memory type, but it is also the slowest way.
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*/
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return (strcmp(mtp->ks_shortdesc, vm_memguard_desc) == 0);
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#else
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/*
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* If we compare pointers, there are two possible problems:
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* 1. Memory type was unloaded and new memory type was allocated at the
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* same address.
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* 2. Memory type was unloaded and loaded again, but allocated at a
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* different address.
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*/
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if (vm_memguard_mtype != NULL)
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return (mtp == vm_memguard_mtype);
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if (strcmp(mtp->ks_shortdesc, vm_memguard_desc) == 0) {
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vm_memguard_mtype = mtp;
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return (1);
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}
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return (0);
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#endif
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}
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/*
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* Guard a page containing specified object (make it read-only so that
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* future writes to it fail).
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*/
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static void
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memguard_guard(void *addr, int numpgs)
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{
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void *a = (void *)trunc_page((unsigned long)addr);
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if (vm_map_protect(memguard_map, (vm_offset_t)a,
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(vm_offset_t)((unsigned long)a + (PAGE_SIZE * numpgs)),
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VM_PROT_READ, FALSE) != KERN_SUCCESS)
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panic("MEMGUARD: Unable to guard page!");
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}
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/*
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* Unguard a page containing specified object (make it read-and-write to
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* allow full data access).
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*/
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static void
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memguard_unguard(void *addr, int numpgs)
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{
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void *a = (void *)trunc_page((unsigned long)addr);
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if (vm_map_protect(memguard_map, (vm_offset_t)a,
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(vm_offset_t)((unsigned long)a + (PAGE_SIZE * numpgs)),
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VM_PROT_DEFAULT, FALSE) != KERN_SUCCESS)
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panic("MEMGUARD: Unable to unguard page!");
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}
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/*
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* vtomgfifo() converts a virtual address of the first page allocated for
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* an item to a memguard_fifo_pool reference for the corresponding item's
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* size.
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*
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* vsetmgfifo() sets a reference in an underlying page for the specified
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* virtual address to an appropriate memguard_fifo_pool.
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*
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* These routines are very similar to those defined by UMA in uma_int.h.
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* The difference is that these routines store the mgfifo in one of the
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* page's fields that is unused when the page is wired rather than the
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* object field, which is used.
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*/
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static struct memguard_fifo *
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vtomgfifo(vm_offset_t va)
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{
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vm_page_t p;
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struct memguard_fifo *mgfifo;
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p = PHYS_TO_VM_PAGE(pmap_kextract(va));
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KASSERT(p->wire_count != 0 && p->queue == PQ_NONE,
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("MEMGUARD: Expected wired page in vtomgfifo!"));
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mgfifo = (struct memguard_fifo *)p->pageq.tqe_next;
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return mgfifo;
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}
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static void
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vsetmgfifo(vm_offset_t va, struct memguard_fifo *mgfifo)
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{
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vm_page_t p;
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p = PHYS_TO_VM_PAGE(pmap_kextract(va));
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KASSERT(p->wire_count != 0 && p->queue == PQ_NONE,
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("MEMGUARD: Expected wired page in vsetmgfifo!"));
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p->pageq.tqe_next = (vm_page_t)mgfifo;
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}
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static void vclrmgfifo(vm_offset_t va)
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{
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vm_page_t p;
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p = PHYS_TO_VM_PAGE(pmap_kextract(va));
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KASSERT(p->wire_count != 0 && p->queue == PQ_NONE,
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("MEMGUARD: Expected wired page in vclrmgfifo!"));
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p->pageq.tqe_next = NULL;
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}
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