309 lines
7.8 KiB
Groff
309 lines
7.8 KiB
Groff
.\" Copyright (c) 1983, 1986, 1991, 1993
|
|
.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
|
|
.\"
|
|
.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
|
|
.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
|
|
.\" are met:
|
|
.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
|
|
.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
|
|
.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
|
|
.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
|
|
.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
|
|
.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
|
|
.\" must display the following acknowledgement:
|
|
.\" This product includes software developed by the University of
|
|
.\" California, Berkeley and its contributors.
|
|
.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
|
|
.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
|
|
.\" without specific prior written permission.
|
|
.\"
|
|
.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
|
|
.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
|
|
.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
|
|
.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
|
|
.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
|
|
.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
|
|
.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
|
|
.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
|
|
.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
|
|
.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
|
|
.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
|
|
.\"
|
|
.\" @(#)syslogd.8 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/6/93
|
|
.\" $FreeBSD$
|
|
.\"
|
|
.Dd October 12, 1995
|
|
.Dt SYSLOGD 8
|
|
.Os BSD 4.2
|
|
.Sh NAME
|
|
.Nm syslogd
|
|
.Nd log systems messages
|
|
.Sh SYNOPSIS
|
|
.Nm
|
|
.Op Fl 46Adknsuv
|
|
.Op Fl a Ar allowed_peer
|
|
.Op Fl f Ar config_file
|
|
.Op Fl m Ar mark_interval
|
|
.Op Fl p Ar log_socket
|
|
.Op Fl P Ar pid_file
|
|
.Op Fl l Ar path
|
|
.Sh DESCRIPTION
|
|
The
|
|
.Nm
|
|
daemon reads and logs messages to the system console, log files, other
|
|
machines and/or users as specified by its configuration file.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The options are as follows:
|
|
.Bl -tag -width indent
|
|
.It Fl 4
|
|
Forces
|
|
.Nm
|
|
to use IPv4 addresses only.
|
|
.It Fl 6
|
|
Forces
|
|
.Nm
|
|
to use IPv6 addresses only.
|
|
.It Fl A
|
|
.Nm
|
|
tries to send the message to only one address
|
|
even if the host has more than one A or AAAA record.
|
|
If this option is specified,
|
|
.Nm
|
|
tries to send the message to all addresses.
|
|
.It Fl a Ar allowed_peer
|
|
Allow
|
|
.Ar allowed_peer
|
|
to log to this
|
|
.Nm
|
|
using UDP datagrams. Multiple
|
|
.Fl a
|
|
options may be specified.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.Ar Allowed_peer
|
|
can be any of the following:
|
|
.Bl -tag -width "ipaddr/masklen[:service]XX"
|
|
.It Xo
|
|
.Sm off
|
|
.Ar ipaddr
|
|
.No / Ar masklen
|
|
.Op : Ar service
|
|
.Sm on
|
|
.Xc
|
|
Accept datagrams from
|
|
.Ar ipaddr
|
|
(in the usual dotted quad notation) with
|
|
.Ar masklen
|
|
bits being taken into account when doing the address comparison.
|
|
.Ar ipaddr
|
|
can be also IPv6 address by enclosing the address with
|
|
.Ql \&[
|
|
and
|
|
.Ql \&] .
|
|
If specified,
|
|
.Ar service
|
|
is the name or number of an UDP service (see
|
|
.Xr services 5 )
|
|
the source packet must belong to. A
|
|
.Ar service
|
|
of
|
|
.Ql \&*
|
|
allows packets being sent from any UDP port. The default
|
|
.Ar service
|
|
is
|
|
.Ql syslog .
|
|
If
|
|
.Ar ipaddr
|
|
is IPv4 address, a missing
|
|
.Ar masklen
|
|
will be substituted by the historic class A or class B netmasks if
|
|
.Ar ipaddr
|
|
belongs into the address range of class A or B, respectively, or
|
|
by 24 otherwise. If
|
|
.Ar ipaddr
|
|
is IPv6 address, a missing
|
|
.Ar masklen
|
|
will be substituted by 128.
|
|
.It Xo
|
|
.Sm off
|
|
.Ar domainname Op : Ar service
|
|
.Sm on
|
|
.Xc
|
|
Accept datagrams where the reverse address lookup yields
|
|
.Ar domainname
|
|
for the sender address. The meaning of
|
|
.Ar service
|
|
is as explained above.
|
|
.It Xo
|
|
.Sm off
|
|
.No * Ar domainname Op : Ar service
|
|
.Sm on
|
|
.Xc
|
|
Same as before, except that any source host whose name
|
|
.Em ends
|
|
in
|
|
.Ar domainname
|
|
will get permission.
|
|
.El
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The
|
|
.Fl a
|
|
options are ignored if the
|
|
.Fl s
|
|
option is also specified.
|
|
.It Fl d
|
|
Put
|
|
.Nm
|
|
into debugging mode. This is probably only of use to developers working on
|
|
.Nm .
|
|
.It Fl f
|
|
Specify the pathname of an alternate configuration file;
|
|
the default is
|
|
.Pa /etc/syslog.conf .
|
|
.It Fl k
|
|
Disable the translation of
|
|
messages received with facility
|
|
.Dq kern
|
|
to facility
|
|
.Dq user .
|
|
Usually the
|
|
.Dq kern
|
|
facility is reserved for messages read directly from
|
|
.Pa /dev/klog .
|
|
.It Fl m
|
|
Select the number of minutes between
|
|
.Dq mark
|
|
messages; the default is 20 minutes.
|
|
.It Fl n
|
|
Disable dns query for every request.
|
|
.It Fl p
|
|
Specify the pathname of an alternate log socket to be used instead;
|
|
the default is
|
|
.Pa /var/run/log .
|
|
.It Fl P
|
|
Specify an alternative file in which to store the process ID.
|
|
The default is
|
|
.Pa /var/run/syslog.pid .
|
|
.It Fl l
|
|
Specify a location where
|
|
.Nm
|
|
should place an additional log socket.
|
|
Up to 19 additional logging sockets can be specified.
|
|
The primary use for this is to place additional log sockets in
|
|
.Pa /var/run/log
|
|
of various chroot filespaces.
|
|
.It Fl s
|
|
Operate in secure mode. Do not log messages from remote machines. If
|
|
specified twice, no network socket will be opened at all, which also
|
|
disables logging to remote machines.
|
|
.It Fl u
|
|
Unique priority logging. Only log messages at the specified priority.
|
|
Without this option, messages at the stated priority or higher are logged.
|
|
This option changes the default comparison from
|
|
.Dq =>
|
|
to
|
|
.Dq = .
|
|
.It Fl v
|
|
Verbose logging. If specified once, the numeric facility and priority are
|
|
logged with each locally-written message. If specified more than once,
|
|
the names of the facility and priority are logged with each locally-written
|
|
message.
|
|
.El
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The
|
|
.Nm
|
|
daemon reads its configuration file when it starts up and whenever it
|
|
receives a hangup signal.
|
|
For information on the format of the configuration file,
|
|
see
|
|
.Xr syslog.conf 5 .
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The
|
|
.Nm
|
|
daemon reads messages from the
|
|
.Tn UNIX
|
|
domain socket
|
|
.Pa /var/run/log ,
|
|
from an Internet domain socket specified in
|
|
.Pa /etc/services ,
|
|
and from the special device
|
|
.Pa /dev/klog
|
|
(to read kernel messages).
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The
|
|
.Nm
|
|
daemon creates its process ID file,
|
|
by default
|
|
.Pa /var/run/syslog.pid ,
|
|
and stores its process
|
|
ID there.
|
|
This can be used to kill or reconfigure
|
|
.Nm .
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The message sent to
|
|
.Nm
|
|
should consist of a single line.
|
|
The message can contain a priority code, which should be a preceding
|
|
decimal number in angle braces, for example,
|
|
.Sq Aq 5 .
|
|
This priority code should map into the priorities defined in the
|
|
include file
|
|
.Aq Pa sys/syslog.h .
|
|
.Sh FILES
|
|
.Bl -tag -width /var/run/syslog.pid -compact
|
|
.It Pa /etc/syslog.conf
|
|
configuration file
|
|
.It Pa /var/run/syslog.pid
|
|
default process ID file
|
|
.It Pa /var/run/log
|
|
name of the
|
|
.Tn UNIX
|
|
domain datagram log socket
|
|
.It Pa /dev/klog
|
|
kernel log device
|
|
.El
|
|
.Sh SEE ALSO
|
|
.Xr logger 1 ,
|
|
.Xr syslog 3 ,
|
|
.Xr services 5 ,
|
|
.Xr syslog.conf 5
|
|
.Sh HISTORY
|
|
The
|
|
.Nm
|
|
command appeared in
|
|
.Bx 4.3 .
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The
|
|
.Fl a ,
|
|
.Fl s ,
|
|
.Fl u ,
|
|
and
|
|
.Fl v
|
|
options are
|
|
.Fx 2.2
|
|
extensions.
|
|
.Sh BUGS
|
|
The ability to log messages received in UDP packets is equivalent to
|
|
an unauthenticated remote disk-filling service, and should probably be
|
|
disabled by default. Some sort of
|
|
.No inter- Ns Nm syslogd
|
|
authentication mechanism ought to be worked out. To prevent the worst
|
|
abuse, use of the
|
|
.Fl a
|
|
option is therefore highly recommended.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The
|
|
.Fl a
|
|
matching algorithm doesn't pretend to be very efficient; use of numeric
|
|
IP addresses is faster than domain name comparison. Since the allowed
|
|
peer list is being walked linearly, peer groups where frequent messages
|
|
are being anticipated from should be put early into the
|
|
.Fl a
|
|
list.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The log socket was moved from
|
|
.Pa /dev
|
|
to ease the use of a read-only root filesystem.
|
|
This may confuse
|
|
some old binaries so that a symbolic link might be used for a
|
|
transitional period.
|