576 lines
23 KiB
Plaintext
576 lines
23 KiB
Plaintext
<articleinfo>
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<title>&os;/&arch; &release.current; Release Notes</title>
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<corpauthor>The FreeBSD Project</corpauthor>
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<pubdate>$FreeBSD$</pubdate>
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<copyright>
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<year>2000</year>
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<year>2001</year>
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<year>2002</year>
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<year>2003</year>
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<year>2004</year>
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<holder role="mailto:doc@FreeBSD.org">The FreeBSD Documentation Project</holder>
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</copyright>
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<abstract>
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<para>The release notes for &os; &release.current; contain a summary
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of
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<![ %include.historic; [
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the changes made to the &os; base system since &release.prev;.
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]]>
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<![ %no.include.historic; [
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recent changes made to the &os; base system on the &release.branch;
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development branch.
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]]>
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This document lists applicable security advisories that were issued since
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the last release, as well as significant changes to the &os;
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kernel and userland.
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Some brief remarks on upgrading are also presented.</para>
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</abstract>
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</articleinfo>
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<sect1 id="intro">
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<title>Introduction</title>
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<para>This document contains the release notes for &os;
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&release.current; on the &arch.print; hardware platform. It
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describes recently added, changed, or deleted features of &os;.
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It also provides some notes on upgrading
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from previous versions of &os;.</para>
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<![ %release.type.snapshot [
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<para>The &release.type; distribution to which these release notes
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apply represents a point along the &release.branch; development
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branch between &release.prev; and the future &release.next;. Some
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pre-built, binary &release.type; distributions along this branch
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can be found at <ulink url="&release.url;"></ulink>.</para>
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]]>
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<![ %release.type.release [
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<para>This distribution of &os; &release.current; is a
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&release.type; distribution. It can be found at <ulink
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url="&release.url;"></ulink> or any of its mirrors. More
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information on obtaining this (or other) &release.type;
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distributions of &os; can be found in the <ulink
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url="http://www.FreeBSD.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/mirrors.html"><quote>Obtaining
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FreeBSD</quote> appendix</ulink> to the <ulink
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url="http://www.FreeBSD.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/">FreeBSD
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Handbook</ulink>.</para>
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]]>
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<para>Users who are new to the &release.branch; series of &os;
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&release.type;s should also read the <quote>Early Adopters Guide
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to &os; &release.current;</quote>. This document can generally be
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found in the same location as the release notes (either as a part of a
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&os; distribution or on the &os; Web site). It contains important
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information regarding the advantages and disadvantages of using
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&os; &release.current;, as opposed to releases based on the &os;
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4-STABLE development branch.</para>
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<para>All users are encouraged to consult the release errata before
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installing &os;. The errata document is updated with
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<quote>late-breaking</quote> information discovered late in the
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release cycle or after the release. Typically, it contains
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information on known bugs, security advisories, and corrections to
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documentation. An up-to-date copy of the errata for &os;
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&release.current; can be found on the &os; Web site.</para>
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</sect1>
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<sect1 id="new">
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<title>What's New</title>
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<para>This section describes
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<![ %include.historic; [
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the most user-visible new or changed features in &os;
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since &release.prev;.
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In general, changes described here are unique to the &release.branch;
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branch unless specifically marked as &merged; features.
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]]>
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<![ %no.include.historic; [
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many of the user-visible new or changed features in &os;
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since &release.prev;. It includes items that are unique to the
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&release.branch; branch, as well as some features that may have been
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recently merged to
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other branches (after &os; &release.prev.historic;). The latter
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items are marked as &merged;.
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]]>
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</para>
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<para>Typical release note items
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document recent security advisories issued after
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&release.prev.historic;,
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new drivers or hardware support, new commands or options,
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major bug fixes, or contributed software upgrades. They may also
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list changes to major ports/packages or release engineering
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practices. Clearly the release notes cannot list every single
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change made to &os; between releases; this document focuses
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primarily on security advisories, user-visible changes, and major
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architectural improvements.</para>
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<sect2 id="security">
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<title>Security Advisories</title>
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<para>A bug in &man.mksnap.ffs.8; has been fixed; it caused the creation of a
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filesystem snapshot to reset the flags on the filesystem to
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their default values. The possible consequences depended on local
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usage, but could include disabling extended access control lists
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or enabling the use of setuid executables stored on an untrusted
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filesystem. This bug also affected the &man.dump.8;
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<option>-L</option> option, which uses &man.mksnap.ffs.8;. Note
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that &man.mksnap.ffs.8; is normally only available to the
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superuser and members of the <groupname>operator</groupname>
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group. For more information, see security advisory <ulink
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url="ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/CERT/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-04:01.mksnap_ffs.asc">FreeBSD-SA-04:01</ulink>.</para>
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<para>A bug with the System V Shared Memory interface
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(specifically the &man.shmat.2; system call) has been fixed.
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This bug can cause a shared memory segment to reference
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unallocated kernel memory. In turn, this can permit a local
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attacker to gain unauthorized access to parts of kernel memory,
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possibly resulting in disclosure of sensitive information,
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bypass of access control mechanisms, or privilege escalation.
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More details can be found in security advisory <ulink
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url="ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/CERT/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-04:02.shmat.asc">FreeBSD-SA-04:02</ulink>.
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&merged;</para>
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<para>A programming error in the &man.jail.attach.2; system call
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has been fixed. This error could allow a process with superuser
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privileges inside a &man.jail.8; environment to change its root
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directory to that of a different jail, and thus gain full read
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and write acecss to files and directories within the target
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jail. More information can be found in security advisory <ulink
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url="ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/CERT/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-04:03.jail.asc">FreeBSD-SA-04:03</ulink>.</para>
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<para>A potential low-bandwidth denial-of-service attack against
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the &os; TCP stack has been prevented by limiting the number of
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out-of-sequence TCP segments that can be held at one time. More
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details can be found in security advisory <ulink
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url="ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/CERT/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-04:04.tcp.asc">FreeBSD-SA-04:04</ulink>.
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&merged;</para>
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</sect2>
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<sect2 id="kernel">
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<title>Kernel Changes</title>
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<para>&man.devfs.5; path rules now work correctly on
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directories.</para>
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<para arch="i386,pc98">The dgb (DigiBoard intelligent serial card) driver has been
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removed due to breakage. Its replacement is the &man.digi.4; driver,
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which supports all the hardware of the dgb driver.</para>
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<para arch="i386">The loran (Loran-C receiver) driver has been removed due to
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breakage and lack of maintainership.</para>
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<para>The ULE scheduler is now the default scheduler in the
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<filename>GENERIC</filename> kernel. For the average user,
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interactivity is reported to be better in many cases. This
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means less <quote>skipping</quote> and <quote>jerking</quote> in
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interactive applications while the machine is very busy. This
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will not prevent problems due to overloaded disk subsystems, but
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it does help with overloaded CPUs. On SMP machines, ULE has
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per-CPU run queues which allow for CPU affinity, CPU binding,
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and advanced HyperThreading support, as well as providing a
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framework for more optimizations in the future. As fine-grained
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kernel locking continues, the scheduler will be able to make
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more efficient use of the available parallel resources.</para>
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<para>The device driver infrastructure (as well as many drivers)
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have been updated. Among the changes: Many more drivers now use
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automatically-assigned major numbers (instead of the old static
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major numbers). Enhanced functions to support cloning of
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pseudodevices. Several changes to the driver API, including a
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new <varname>d_version</varname> field in <varname>struct
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cdevsw</varname>. Note that third-party device drivers will
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require recompiling after this change.</para>
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<para>The kernel's file descriptor allocation code has been
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updated, and is now derived from similar code in OpenBSD.</para>
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<!-- Above this line, sort kernel changes by manpage/keyword-->
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<sect3 id="proc">
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<title>Platform-Specific Hardware Support</title>
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<para></para>
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</sect3>
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<sect3 id="boot">
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<title>Boot Loader Changes</title>
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<para arch="i386">A serial console-capable version of
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<filename>boot0</filename> has been added. It can be written
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to a disk using &man.boot0cfg.8; and specifying
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<filename>/boot/boot0sio</filename> as the argument to the
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<option>-b</option> option.</para>
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<para arch="i386"><filename>cdboot</filename> now works around a
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BIOS problem observed on some systems when booting from USB
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CDROM drives.</para>
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<!-- Above this line, order boot loader changes by keyword-->
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</sect3>
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<sect3 id="net-if">
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<title>Network Interface Support</title>
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<para arch="sparc64">The &man.dc.4; driver now supports sparc64
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Davicom cards that store their MAC address in
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OpenFirmware.</para>
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<para arch="i386,pc98">The hea (Efficient Networks, Inc. ENI-155p ATM adapter)
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driver has been removed due to breakage. Its functionality
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has been subsumed into the &man.en.4; driver.</para>
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<para arch="i386">The lmc (LAN Media Corp. PCI WAN adapter) driver has been
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removed due to breakage and lack of maintainership.</para>
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<para arch="i386">&os; now provides a binary compatibility layer
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for using µsoft.windows; NDIS drivers for network
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adapters under &os;/i386. It includes a relocator/linker for
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&windows; <filename>.SYS</filename> files to interface with
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the &os; kernel and emulates various parts of the NDIS API
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using native &os; kernel functions. This system supports PCI
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and CardBus network devices, and is designed principally for
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Ethernet and wireless network interfaces.
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For more information, see the &man.ndis.4; and
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&man.ndiscvt.8; manual pages.</para>
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<para>Several bugs related to multicast and promiscuous mode
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handling in the &man.sk.4; driver have been fixed.</para>
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<para>The &man.udav.4; driver has been added. It provides
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support for USB Ethernet adapters based on the Davicom DM9601
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chipset.</para>
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</sect3>
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<sect3 id="net-proto">
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<title>Network Protocols</title>
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<para>The &man.gre.4; tunnel driver now supports WCCP version
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2.</para>
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<para>Some bugs in the IPsec implementation from the KAME
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Project have been fixed. These bugs were related to freeing
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memory objects before all references to them were removed, and
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could cause erratic behavior or kernel panics after flushing
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the Security Policy Database (SPD).</para>
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<para>The <literal>PFIL_HOOKS</literal> option is now enabled by
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default in the <filename>GENERIC</filename> kernel. The most
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notable effect of this change is to make
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<application>IPFilter</application> work correctly when loaded
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as a kernel module.</para>
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<para>The following TCP features are now enabled by default: RFC
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3042 (Limited Retransmit), RFC 3390 (increased initial
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congestion window sizes), TCP bandwidth-delay product
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limiting. More information can be found in &man.tcp.4;.</para>
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<para>&os;'s TCP implementation now includes support for a
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minimum MSS (settable via the
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<varname>net.inet.tcp.minmss</varname> sysctl variable) and a
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rate limit on connections that send many small TCP segments
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within a short period of time (via the
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<varname>net.inet.tcp.minmssoverload</varname> sysctl
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variable). Connections exceeding this limit may be reset and
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dropped. This feature provides protection against a class of
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resource exhaustion attacks.</para>
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<para>The TCP implementation now includes partial (output-only)
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support for RFC 2385 (TCP-MD5) digest support. This feature,
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enabled with the <literal>TCP_SIGNATURE</literal> and
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<literal>FAST_IPSEC</literal> kernel options, is a TCP option
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for authenticating TCP sessions. &man.setkey.8; now includes
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support for the TCP-MD5 class of security associations.
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&merged;</para>
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</sect3>
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<sect3 id="disks">
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<title>Disks and Storage</title>
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<para>A number of bugs in the &man.ata.4; driver have been
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fixed. Most notably, master/slave device detection should
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work better, and some problems with timeouts should be
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resolved.</para>
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</sect3>
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<sect3 id="fs">
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<title>File Systems</title>
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<para>The EXT2FS file system code now includes partial support
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for large (> 4GB) files. This support is partial in that
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it will refuse to create large files on filesystems that have
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not been upgraded to <literal>EXT2_DYN_REV</literal> or that
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don not have the
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<literal>EXT2_FEATURE_RO_COMPAT_LARGE_FILE</literal> flag set
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in the superblock.</para>
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<para>A bug in GEOM that could result in I/O hangs in some rare
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cases has been fixed.</para>
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<para>A new geom_concat class has been added to concatenate
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multiple disks to appear as a single larger disk. The
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&man.gconcat.8; utility is used for configurating concatenated
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disks.</para>
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<para>A panic in the NFSv4 client has been fixed; this occurred
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when attempting operations against an NFSv3/NFSv2-only
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server.</para>
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<para>The SMBFS client now has support for SMB request signing,
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which prevents <quote>man in the middle</quote> attacks and is
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required in order to connect to Windows 2003 servers in their
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default configuration. As signing each message imposes a
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significant performance penalty, this feature is only enabled
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if the server requires it; this may eventually become an
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option to &man.mount.smbfs.8;.</para>
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</sect3>
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<sect3 id="mm">
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<title>Multimedia Support</title>
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<para>The meteor (video capture) driver has been removed due to
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breakage and lack of maintainership.</para>
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</sect3>
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</sect2>
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<sect2 id="userland">
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<title>Userland Changes</title>
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<para>&man.indent.1; now supports a <option>-ldi</option> option
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to control indentation of local variables. A number of other
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tunings were made to this utility.</para>
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<para>&man.ifconfig.8; now supports renaming of network interfaces
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at run-time using the <option>name</option> parameter.</para>
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<para>&man.ip6fw.8; now supports a <option>-n</option> flag to
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stop it from making any changes to the rules in the kernel</para>
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<para>&man.ipfw.8; now supports a <option>-b</option> flag to
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print only the action and comment for each rule, thus omitting
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the rule body.</para>
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<para>&man.killall.1; now supports a <option>-e</option> flag to
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make the <option>-u</option> operate on effective, rather than
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real, user ids. &merged;</para>
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<para>&man.libalias.3; now has support (and a new API) for
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multiple aliasing instances in a single process. The existing
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API has been reimplemented in terms of the new one to preserve
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compatibility.</para>
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<para>A <filename>libarchive</filename> library for manipulation
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of compressed and uncompressed archive files has been
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added. More details can be found in &man.libarchive.3;.</para>
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<para arch="pc98"><filename>libdisk</filename> now uses the
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correct PC98 disk partition value for &os;. This permits the
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&man.sysinstall.8; disk partition editor to correctly create a
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single &os; partition covering the entire disk. &merged;</para>
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<para arch="i386,pc98,amd64,ia64">The library formerly known as
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<filename>libkse</filename> has been renamed
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<filename>libpthread</filename> and is now the default threading
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library on the i386, amd64, and ia64 platforms.
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<application>GCC</application>'s <option>-pthread</option>
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option has been changed to use <filename>libpthread</filename>
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rather than <filename>libc_r</filename>.
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<note>
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<para>Users with older binaries (for example, ports compiled
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before this change was made) should use &man.libmap.conf.5;
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to map <filename>libc_r</filename> and/or
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<filename>libkse</filename> to
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<filename>libpthread</filename>.</para>
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</note>
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<note>
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<para>Users with NVIDIA-supplied drivers and libraries may
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need to use a &man.libmap.conf.5; that maps
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<filename>libpthread</filename> references to the older
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<filename>libc_r</filename> since these drivers and
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utilities do not work with
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<filename>libpthread</filename>.</para>
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</note>
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<para>
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<para>&man.newfs.8; and &man.mdmfs.8; now support a
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<option>-l</option> flag to enable them to set the MAC
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multilabel flag on new filesystems without requiring the use of
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&man.tunefs.8;.</para>
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<para>A bugfix has been applied to NSS support, which fixes
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problems when using third-party NSS modules (such as <filename
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role="package">net/nss_ldap</filename>) and groups with large
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membership lists.</para>
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<para>&man.pw.8; now supports a <option>-H</option> option, which
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accepts an encrypted password on a file descriptor. &merged;</para>
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<para>The configuration files used by the &man.resolver.3; now
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support the <literal>timeout:</literal> and
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<literal>attempts:</literal> keywords.</para>
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<para>The &man.resolver.3; and associated interfaces are now much
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more reentrant and thread-safe. Multiple DNS lookups can now be
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run at the same time, showing major improvements in the
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performance of some multi-threaded applications. Some
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multi-threaded programs need to be recompiled; examples from the
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Ports Collection are <filename
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role="package">www/mozilla</filename> and variants, <filename
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role="package">mail/evolution</filename>, <filename
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role="package">devel/gnomevfs</filename>, and <filename
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role="package">devel/gnomevfs2</filename>.</para>
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<para>&man.savecore.8; now works correctly for dump files larger
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than 2GB.</para>
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<para>A bug in &man.script.1; has been fixed so that it now works
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correctly if its stdin is closed. This fix prevents a
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potentially dangerous interaction with the <filename
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role="package">sysutils/portupgrade</filename> package; if it was
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run non-interactively, it could remove all out-of-date
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ports without reinstalling them.</para>
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<para>The &man.sdpd.8; Bluetooth Service Discovery Protocol daemon
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has been added.</para>
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<para>Many userland utilities in the base system (mostly GNU
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contributed utilities) now use the system version of
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&man.getopt.long.3;, rather than the GNU version.</para>
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|
|
|
</sect2>
|
|
|
|
<sect2 id="contrib">
|
|
<title>Contributed Software</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>The <application>ACPI-CA</application> code has been updated
|
|
from the 20030619 snapshot to the 20040220 snapshot.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para><application>awk</application> from Bell Labs has been
|
|
updated from the 29 July 2003 release to the 7 February 2004
|
|
release.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>Security improvements from <application>CVS</application>
|
|
1.11.10 and 1.11.11 have been backported. Specifically, certain
|
|
malformed module requests are now rejected, and when using
|
|
<command>cvs pserver</command> mode, attempts to authenticate as
|
|
<username>root</username> are rejected and recorded via
|
|
&man.syslog.3;.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para><application>gdtoa</application> (a library that performs
|
|
conversions of numbers between binary and decimal form) has been
|
|
updated from version 20030324 to version 20040118.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para><application>GNU readline</application> 4.3 has been updated
|
|
with official patches 001 through 005.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>The <application>GNU regex</application> library has been
|
|
updated to the version included with <application>GNU
|
|
grep</application> 2.4.2.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>The <application>GNU tar</application> implementation in the
|
|
base system is now called <filename>gtar</filename>, with
|
|
<filename>tar</filename> being a link to
|
|
<filename>gtar</filename>.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para><application>OpenPAM</application> has been updated from the
|
|
Dogwood release to the Eelgrass release.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para><application>OpenSSH</application> has been updated from
|
|
3.6.1p1 to 3.8p1.
|
|
|
|
<note>
|
|
<para>The configuration defaults for &man.sshd.8; have been
|
|
changed. SSH protocol version 1 is no longer enabled by
|
|
default. In addition, password authentication over SSH is
|
|
disabled by default if PAM is enabled.</para>
|
|
</note>
|
|
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<para><application>routed</application> has been updated from
|
|
release 2.22 to release 2.27 from rhyolite.com. Note that for
|
|
users relying on RIP's MD5 authentication feature,
|
|
&man.routed.8; routed is now incompatible with previous versions
|
|
of &os;; however it is now compatible with implementations from
|
|
Sun, Cisco and other vendors.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para><application>sendmail</application> has been updated from
|
|
version 8.12.10 to version 8.12.11. &merged;</para>
|
|
|
|
</sect2>
|
|
|
|
<sect2 id="ports">
|
|
<title>Ports/Packages Collection Infrastructure</title>
|
|
|
|
<para></para>
|
|
|
|
</sect2>
|
|
|
|
<sect2 id="releng">
|
|
<title>Release Engineering and Integration</title>
|
|
|
|
<para arch="i386,pc98">The building process for boot floppy images
|
|
has been completely overhauled. The most significant change is
|
|
that the loader now boots a stock <filename>GENERIC</filename>
|
|
kernel split across multiple disks (two at the time of this
|
|
writing). This greatly improves installations that begin with a
|
|
boot from floppy disk, because they now use exactly the same
|
|
kernel (and thus support the same hardware) as CDROM
|
|
installations. The stripped-down <filename>MFSROOT</filename>
|
|
kernel is no longer needed, and the <filename>mfsroot</filename>
|
|
image no longer requires kernel modules. The
|
|
<filename>boot.flp</filename> and
|
|
<filename>driver.flp</filename> images are also obsolete and no
|
|
longer built.</para>
|
|
|
|
</sect2>
|
|
|
|
<sect2 id="doc">
|
|
<title>Documentation</title>
|
|
|
|
<para></para>
|
|
|
|
</sect2>
|
|
|
|
</sect1>
|
|
|
|
<sect1 id="upgrade">
|
|
<title>Upgrading from previous releases of &os;</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>Users with existing &os; systems are
|
|
<emphasis>highly</emphasis> encouraged to read the <quote>Early
|
|
Adopter's Guide to &os; &release.current;</quote>. This document generally has
|
|
the filename <filename>EARLY.TXT</filename> on the distribution
|
|
media, or any other place that the release notes can be found. It
|
|
offers some notes on upgrading, but more importantly, also
|
|
discusses some of the relative merits of upgrading to &os;
|
|
5.<replaceable>X</replaceable> versus running &os;
|
|
4.<replaceable>X</replaceable>.</para>
|
|
|
|
<important>
|
|
<para>Upgrading &os; should, of course, only be attempted after
|
|
backing up <emphasis>all</emphasis> data and configuration
|
|
files.</para>
|
|
</important>
|
|
</sect1>
|