848 lines
16 KiB
Groff
848 lines
16 KiB
Groff
.\" @(#)xdr.3n 2.2 88/08/03 4.0 RPCSRC; from 1.16 88/03/14 SMI
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.\" $FreeBSD$
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.\"
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.Dd February 16, 1988
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.Dt XDR 3
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.Os
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.Sh NAME
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.Nm xdr ,
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.Nm xdr_array ,
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.Nm xdr_bool ,
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.Nm xdr_bytes ,
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.Nm xdr_char ,
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.Nm xdr_destroy ,
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.Nm xdr_double ,
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.Nm xdr_enum ,
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.Nm xdr_float ,
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.Nm xdr_free ,
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.Nm xdr_getpos ,
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.Nm xdr_hyper ,
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.Nm xdr_inline ,
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.Nm xdr_int ,
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.Nm xdr_long ,
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.Nm xdr_longlong_t ,
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.Nm xdrmem_create ,
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.Nm xdr_opaque ,
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.Nm xdr_pointer ,
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.Nm xdrrec_create ,
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.Nm xdrrec_endofrecord ,
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.Nm xdrrec_eof ,
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.Nm xdrrec_skiprecord ,
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.Nm xdr_reference ,
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.Nm xdr_setpos ,
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.Nm xdr_short ,
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.Nm xdr_sizeof,
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.Nm xdrstdio_create ,
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.Nm xdr_string ,
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.Nm xdr_u_char ,
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.Nm xdr_u_hyper ,
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.Nm xdr_u_int ,
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.Nm xdr_u_long ,
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.Nm xdr_u_longlong_t ,
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.Nm xdr_u_short ,
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.Nm xdr_union ,
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.Nm xdr_vector ,
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.Nm xdr_void ,
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.Nm xdr_wrapstring
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.Nd "library routines for external data representation"
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.Sh LIBRARY
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.Lb libc
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.Sh SYNOPSIS
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.In rpc/types.h
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.In rpc/xdr.h
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.Pp
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See
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.Sx DESCRIPTION
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for function declarations.
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.Sh DESCRIPTION
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These routines allow C programmers to describe
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arbitrary data structures in a machine-independent fashion.
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Data for remote procedure calls are transmitted using these
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routines.
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.Pp
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.Bl -tag -width indent -compact
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.It Xo
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.Ft int
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.Xc
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.It Xo
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.Fo xdr_array
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.Fa "XDR *xdrs"
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.Fa "char **arrp"
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.Fa "u_int *sizep"
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.Fa "u_int maxsize"
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.Fa "u_int elsize"
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.Fa "xdrproc_t elproc"
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.Fc
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.Xc
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.Pp
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A filter primitive that translates between variable-length
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arrays
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and their corresponding external representations.
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The
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.Fa arrp
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argument
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is the address of the pointer to the array, while
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.Fa sizep
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is the address of the element count of the array;
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this element count cannot exceed
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.Fa maxsize .
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The
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.Fa elsize
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argument
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is the
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.Ic sizeof
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each of the array's elements, and
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.Fa elproc
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is an
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.Tn XDR
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filter that translates between
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the array elements' C form, and their external
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representation.
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This routine returns one if it succeeds, zero otherwise.
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.Pp
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.It Xo
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.Ft int
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.Xc
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.It Xo
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.Fn xdr_bool "XDR *xdrs" "bool_t *bp"
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.Xc
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.Pp
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A filter primitive that translates between booleans (C
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integers)
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and their external representations.
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When encoding data, this
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filter produces values of either one or zero.
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This routine returns one if it succeeds, zero otherwise.
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.Pp
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.It Xo
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.Ft int
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.Xc
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.It Xo
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.Fn xdr_bytes "XDR *xdrs" "char **sp" "u_int *sizep" "u_int maxsize"
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.Xc
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.Pp
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A filter primitive that translates between counted byte
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strings and their external representations.
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The
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.Fa sp
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argument
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is the address of the string pointer.
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The length of the
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string is located at address
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.Fa sizep ;
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strings cannot be longer than
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.Fa maxsize .
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This routine returns one if it succeeds, zero otherwise.
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.Pp
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.It Xo
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.Ft int
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.Xc
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.It Xo
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.Fn xdr_char "XDR *xdrs" "char *cp"
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.Xc
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.Pp
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A filter primitive that translates between C characters
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and their external representations.
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This routine returns one if it succeeds, zero otherwise.
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Note: encoded characters are not packed, and occupy 4 bytes
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each.
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For arrays of characters, it is worthwhile to
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consider
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.Fn xdr_bytes ,
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.Fn xdr_opaque
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or
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.Fn xdr_string .
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.Pp
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.It Xo
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.Ft void
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.Xc
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.It Xo
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.Fn xdr_destroy "XDR *xdrs"
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.Xc
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.Pp
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A macro that invokes the destroy routine associated with the
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.Tn XDR
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stream,
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.Fa xdrs .
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Destruction usually involves freeing private data structures
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associated with the stream.
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Using
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.Fa xdrs
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after invoking
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.Fn xdr_destroy
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is undefined.
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.Pp
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.It Xo
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.Ft int
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.Xc
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.It Xo
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.Fn xdr_double "XDR *xdrs" "double *dp"
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.Xc
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.Pp
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A filter primitive that translates between C
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.Vt double
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precision numbers and their external representations.
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This routine returns one if it succeeds, zero otherwise.
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.Pp
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.It Xo
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.Ft int
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.Xc
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.It Xo
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.Fn xdr_enum "XDR *xdrs" "enum_t *ep"
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.Xc
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.Pp
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A filter primitive that translates between C
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.Vt enum Ns s
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(actually integers) and their external representations.
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This routine returns one if it succeeds, zero otherwise.
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.Pp
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.It Xo
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.Ft int
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.Xc
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.It Xo
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.Fn xdr_float "XDR *xdrs" "float *fp"
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.Xc
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.Pp
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A filter primitive that translates between C
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.Vt float Ns s
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and their external representations.
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This routine returns one if it succeeds, zero otherwise.
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.Pp
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.It Xo
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.Ft void
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.Xc
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.It Xo
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.Fn xdr_free "xdrproc_t proc" "void *objp"
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.Xc
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.Pp
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Generic freeing routine.
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The first argument is the
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.Tn XDR
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routine for the object being freed.
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The second argument
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is a pointer to the object itself.
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Note: the pointer passed
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to this routine is
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.Em not
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freed, but what it points to
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.Em is
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freed (recursively).
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.Pp
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.It Xo
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.Ft u_int
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.Xc
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.It Xo
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.Fn xdr_getpos "XDR *xdrs"
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.Xc
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.Pp
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A macro that invokes the get\-position routine
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associated with the
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.Tn XDR
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stream,
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.Fa xdrs .
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The routine returns an unsigned integer,
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which indicates the position of the
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.Tn XDR
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byte stream.
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A desirable feature of
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.Tn XDR
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streams is that simple arithmetic works with this number,
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although the
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.Tn XDR
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stream instances need not guarantee this.
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.Pp
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.It Xo
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.Ft int
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.Xc
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.It Xo
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.Fn xdr_hyper "XDR *xdrs" "quad_t *llp"
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.Xc
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A filter primitive that translates between ANSI C
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.Vt "long long"
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integers and their external representations.
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This routine returns one if it succeeds, zero otherwise.
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.Pp
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.It Xo
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.Ft "long *"
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.Xc
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.It Xo
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.Fn xdr_inline "XDR *xdrs" "int len"
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.Xc
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.Pp
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A macro that invokes the in-line routine associated with the
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.Tn XDR
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stream,
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.Fa xdrs .
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The routine returns a pointer
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to a contiguous piece of the stream's buffer;
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.Fa len
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is the byte length of the desired buffer.
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Note: pointer is cast to
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.Vt "long *" .
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.Pp
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Warning:
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.Fn xdr_inline
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may return
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.Dv NULL
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(0)
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if it cannot allocate a contiguous piece of a buffer.
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Therefore the behavior may vary among stream instances;
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it exists for the sake of efficiency.
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.Pp
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.It Xo
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.Ft int
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.Xc
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.It Xo
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.Fn xdr_int "XDR *xdrs" "int *ip"
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.Xc
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.Pp
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A filter primitive that translates between C integers
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and their external representations.
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This routine returns one if it succeeds, zero otherwise.
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.Pp
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.It Xo
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.Ft int
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.Xc
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.It Xo
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.Fn xdr_long "XDR *xdrs" "long *lp"
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.Xc
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.Pp
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A filter primitive that translates between C
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.Vt long
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integers and their external representations.
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This routine returns one if it succeeds, zero otherwise.
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.Pp
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.It Xo
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.Ft int
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.Xc
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.It Xo
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.Fn xdr_longlong_t "XDR *xdrs" "quad_t *llp"
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.Xc
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A filter primitive that translates between ANSI C
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.Vt "long long"
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integers and their external representations.
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This routine returns one if it succeeds, zero otherwise.
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.Pp
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.It Xo
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.Ft void
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.Xc
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.It Xo
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.Fn xdrmem_create "XDR *xdrs" "char *addr" "u_int size" "enum xdr_op op"
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.Xc
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.Pp
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This routine initializes the
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.Tn XDR
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stream object pointed to by
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.Fa xdrs .
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The stream's data is written to, or read from,
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a chunk of memory at location
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.Fa addr
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whose length is no more than
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.Fa size
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bytes long.
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The
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.Fa op
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argument
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determines the direction of the
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.Tn XDR
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stream
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(either
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.Dv XDR_ENCODE ,
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.Dv XDR_DECODE ,
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or
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.Dv XDR_FREE ) .
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.Pp
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.It Xo
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.Ft int
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.Xc
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.It Xo
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.Fn xdr_opaque "XDR *xdrs" "char *cp" "u_int cnt"
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.Xc
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.Pp
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|
A filter primitive that translates between fixed size opaque
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data
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and its external representation.
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The
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.Fa cp
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argument
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is the address of the opaque object, and
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.Fa cnt
|
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is its size in bytes.
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This routine returns one if it succeeds, zero otherwise.
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.Pp
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.It Xo
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.Ft int
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.Xc
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.It Xo
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.Fn xdr_pointer "XDR *xdrs" "char **objpp" "u_int objsize" "xdrproc_t xdrobj"
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.Xc
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.Pp
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Like
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.Fn xdr_reference
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except that it serializes
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.Dv NULL
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pointers, whereas
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.Fn xdr_reference
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does not.
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Thus,
|
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.Fn xdr_pointer
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can represent
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recursive data structures, such as binary trees or
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linked lists.
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.Pp
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.It Xo
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.Ft void
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.Xc
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.It Xo
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.Fo xdrrec_create
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.Fa "XDR *xdrs"
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.Fa "u_int sendsize"
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.Fa "u_int recvsize"
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.Fa "void *handle"
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.Fa "int \*(lp*readit\*(rp\*(lp\*(rp"
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.Fa "int \*(lp*writeit\*(rp\*(lp\*(rp"
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.Fc
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.Xc
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.Pp
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This routine initializes the
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.Tn XDR
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stream object pointed to by
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.Fa xdrs .
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The stream's data is written to a buffer of size
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.Fa sendsize ;
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a value of zero indicates the system should use a suitable
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default.
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The stream's data is read from a buffer of size
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.Fa recvsize ;
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it too can be set to a suitable default by passing a zero
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value.
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When a stream's output buffer is full,
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.Fn writeit
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is called.
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|
Similarly, when a stream's input buffer is empty,
|
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.Fn readit
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is called.
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|
The behavior of these two routines is similar to
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the
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system calls
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.Xr read 2
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and
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.Xr write 2 ,
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except that
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.Fa handle
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is passed to the former routines as the first argument.
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Note: the
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.Tn XDR
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stream's
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.Fa op
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field must be set by the caller.
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|
.Pp
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Warning: this
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.Tn XDR
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stream implements an intermediate record stream.
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|
Therefore there are additional bytes in the stream
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|
to provide record boundary information.
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|
.Pp
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.It Xo
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.Ft int
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|
.Xc
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|
.It Xo
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.Fn xdrrec_endofrecord "XDR *xdrs" "int sendnow"
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|
.Xc
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|
.Pp
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|
This routine can be invoked only on
|
|
streams created by
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|
.Fn xdrrec_create .
|
|
The data in the output buffer is marked as a completed
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|
record,
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|
and the output buffer is optionally written out if
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|
.Fa sendnow
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is non-zero.
|
|
This routine returns one if it succeeds, zero
|
|
otherwise.
|
|
.Pp
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.It Xo
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|
.Ft int
|
|
.Xc
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|
.It Xo
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|
.Fn xdrrec_eof "XDR *xdrs"
|
|
.Xc
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|
.Pp
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|
This routine can be invoked only on
|
|
streams created by
|
|
.Fn xdrrec_create .
|
|
After consuming the rest of the current record in the stream,
|
|
this routine returns one if the stream has no more input,
|
|
zero otherwise.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.It Xo
|
|
.Ft int
|
|
.Xc
|
|
.It Xo
|
|
.Fn xdrrec_skiprecord "XDR *xdrs"
|
|
.Xc
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|
.Pp
|
|
This routine can be invoked only on
|
|
streams created by
|
|
.Fn xdrrec_create .
|
|
It tells the
|
|
.Tn XDR
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|
implementation that the rest of the current record
|
|
in the stream's input buffer should be discarded.
|
|
This routine returns one if it succeeds, zero otherwise.
|
|
.Pp
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|
.It Xo
|
|
.Ft int
|
|
.Xc
|
|
.It Xo
|
|
.Fn xdr_reference "XDR *xdrs" "char **pp" "u_int size" "xdrproc_t proc"
|
|
.Xc
|
|
.Pp
|
|
A primitive that provides pointer chasing within structures.
|
|
The
|
|
.Fa pp
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|
argument
|
|
is the address of the pointer;
|
|
.Fa size
|
|
is the
|
|
.Ic sizeof
|
|
the structure that
|
|
.Fa *pp
|
|
points to; and
|
|
.Fa proc
|
|
is an
|
|
.Tn XDR
|
|
procedure that filters the structure
|
|
between its C form and its external representation.
|
|
This routine returns one if it succeeds, zero otherwise.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Warning: this routine does not understand
|
|
.Dv NULL
|
|
pointers.
|
|
Use
|
|
.Fn xdr_pointer
|
|
instead.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.It Xo
|
|
.Ft int
|
|
.Xc
|
|
.It Xo
|
|
.Fn xdr_setpos "XDR *xdrs" "u_int pos"
|
|
.Xc
|
|
.Pp
|
|
A macro that invokes the set position routine associated with
|
|
the
|
|
.Tn XDR
|
|
stream
|
|
.Fa xdrs .
|
|
The
|
|
.Fa pos
|
|
argument
|
|
is a position value obtained from
|
|
.Fn xdr_getpos .
|
|
This routine returns one if the
|
|
.Tn XDR
|
|
stream could be repositioned,
|
|
and zero otherwise.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Warning: it is difficult to reposition some types of
|
|
.Tn XDR
|
|
streams, so this routine may fail with one
|
|
type of stream and succeed with another.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.It Xo
|
|
.Ft int
|
|
.Xc
|
|
.It Xo
|
|
.Fn xdr_short "XDR *xdrs" "short *sp"
|
|
.Xc
|
|
.Pp
|
|
A filter primitive that translates between C
|
|
.Vt short
|
|
integers and their external representations.
|
|
This routine returns one if it succeeds, zero otherwise.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.It Xo
|
|
.Ft unsigned long
|
|
.Xc
|
|
.It Xo
|
|
.Fn xdr_sizeof "xdrproc_t func" "void *data"
|
|
.Xc
|
|
.Pp
|
|
This routine returns the amount of memory required to encode
|
|
.Fa data
|
|
using filter
|
|
.Fa func .
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.It Li "#ifdef _STDIO_H_"
|
|
.It Li "/* XDR using stdio library */"
|
|
.It Xo
|
|
.Ft void
|
|
.Xc
|
|
.It Xo
|
|
.Fn xdrstdio_create "XDR *xdrs" "FILE *file" "enum xdr_op op"
|
|
.Xc
|
|
.It Li "#endif"
|
|
.Pp
|
|
This routine initializes the
|
|
.Tn XDR
|
|
stream object pointed to by
|
|
.Fa xdrs .
|
|
The
|
|
.Tn XDR
|
|
stream data is written to, or read from, the Standard
|
|
.Tn I/O
|
|
stream
|
|
.Fa file .
|
|
The
|
|
.Fa op
|
|
argument
|
|
determines the direction of the
|
|
.Tn XDR
|
|
stream (either
|
|
.Dv XDR_ENCODE ,
|
|
.Dv XDR_DECODE ,
|
|
or
|
|
.Dv XDR_FREE ) .
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Warning: the destroy routine associated with such
|
|
.Tn XDR
|
|
streams calls
|
|
.Xr fflush 3
|
|
on the
|
|
.Fa file
|
|
stream, but never
|
|
.Xr fclose 3 .
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.It Xo
|
|
.Ft int
|
|
.Xc
|
|
.It Xo
|
|
.Fn xdr_string "XDR *xdrs" "char **sp" "u_int maxsize"
|
|
.Xc
|
|
.Pp
|
|
A filter primitive that translates between C strings and
|
|
their
|
|
corresponding external representations.
|
|
Strings cannot be longer than
|
|
.Fa maxsize .
|
|
Note:
|
|
.Fa sp
|
|
is the address of the string's pointer.
|
|
This routine returns one if it succeeds, zero otherwise.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.It Xo
|
|
.Ft int
|
|
.Xc
|
|
.It Xo
|
|
.Fn xdr_u_char "XDR *xdrs" "unsigned char *ucp"
|
|
.Xc
|
|
.Pp
|
|
A filter primitive that translates between
|
|
.Vt unsigned
|
|
C characters and their external representations.
|
|
This routine returns one if it succeeds, zero otherwise.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.It Xo
|
|
.Ft int
|
|
.Xc
|
|
.It Xo
|
|
.Fn xdr_u_hyper "XDR *xdrs" "u_quad_t *ullp"
|
|
.Xc
|
|
A filter primitive that translates between
|
|
.Vt unsigned
|
|
ANSI C
|
|
.Vt long long
|
|
integers and their external representations.
|
|
This routine returns one if it succeeds, zero otherwise.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.It Xo
|
|
.Ft int
|
|
.Xc
|
|
.It Xo
|
|
.Fn xdr_u_int "XDR *xdrs" "unsigned *up"
|
|
.Xc
|
|
.Pp
|
|
A filter primitive that translates between C
|
|
.Vt unsigned
|
|
integers and their external representations.
|
|
This routine returns one if it succeeds, zero otherwise.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.It Xo
|
|
.Ft int
|
|
.Xc
|
|
.It Xo
|
|
.Fn xdr_u_long "XDR *xdrs" "unsigned long *ulp"
|
|
.Xc
|
|
.Pp
|
|
A filter primitive that translates between C
|
|
.Vt "unsigned long"
|
|
integers and their external representations.
|
|
This routine returns one if it succeeds, zero otherwise.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.It Xo
|
|
.Ft int
|
|
.Xc
|
|
.It Xo
|
|
.Fn xdr_u_longlong_t "XDR *xdrs" "u_quad_t *ullp"
|
|
.Xc
|
|
A filter primitive that translates between
|
|
.Vt unsigned
|
|
ANSI C
|
|
.Vt "long long"
|
|
integers and their external representations.
|
|
This routine returns one if it succeeds, zero otherwise.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.It Xo
|
|
.Ft int
|
|
.Xc
|
|
.It Xo
|
|
.Fn xdr_u_short "XDR *xdrs" "unsigned short *usp"
|
|
.Xc
|
|
.Pp
|
|
A filter primitive that translates between C
|
|
.Vt "unsigned short"
|
|
integers and their external representations.
|
|
This routine returns one if it succeeds, zero otherwise.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.It Xo
|
|
.Ft int
|
|
.Xc
|
|
.It Xo
|
|
.Fo xdr_union
|
|
.Fa "XDR *xdrs"
|
|
.Fa "enum_t *dscmp"
|
|
.Fa "char *unp"
|
|
.Fa "const struct xdr_discrim *choices"
|
|
.Fa "xdrproc_t defaultarm"
|
|
.Fc
|
|
.Xc
|
|
.Pp
|
|
A filter primitive that translates between a discriminated C
|
|
.Vt union
|
|
and its corresponding external representation.
|
|
It first
|
|
translates the discriminant of the union located at
|
|
.Fa dscmp .
|
|
This discriminant is always an
|
|
.Vt enum_t .
|
|
Next the union located at
|
|
.Fa unp
|
|
is translated.
|
|
The
|
|
.Fa choices
|
|
argument
|
|
is a pointer to an array of
|
|
.Vt xdr_discrim
|
|
structures.
|
|
Each structure contains an ordered pair of
|
|
.Bq Va value , proc .
|
|
If the union's discriminant is equal to the associated
|
|
.Va value ,
|
|
then the
|
|
.Fn proc
|
|
is called to translate the union.
|
|
The end of the
|
|
.Vt xdr_discrim
|
|
structure array is denoted by a routine of value
|
|
.Dv NULL .
|
|
If the discriminant is not found in the
|
|
.Fa choices
|
|
array, then the
|
|
.Fn defaultarm
|
|
procedure is called (if it is not
|
|
.Dv NULL ) .
|
|
Returns one if it succeeds, zero otherwise.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.It Xo
|
|
.Ft int
|
|
.Xc
|
|
.It Xo
|
|
.Fo xdr_vector
|
|
.Fa "XDR *xdrs"
|
|
.Fa "char *arrp"
|
|
.Fa "u_int size"
|
|
.Fa "u_int elsize"
|
|
.Fa "xdrproc_t elproc"
|
|
.Fc
|
|
.Xc
|
|
.Pp
|
|
A filter primitive that translates between fixed-length
|
|
arrays
|
|
and their corresponding external representations.
|
|
The
|
|
.Fa arrp
|
|
argument
|
|
is the address of the pointer to the array, while
|
|
.Fa size
|
|
is the element count of the array.
|
|
The
|
|
.Fa elsize
|
|
argument
|
|
is the
|
|
.Ic sizeof
|
|
each of the array's elements, and
|
|
.Fa elproc
|
|
is an
|
|
.Tn XDR
|
|
filter that translates between
|
|
the array elements' C form, and their external
|
|
representation.
|
|
This routine returns one if it succeeds, zero otherwise.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.It Xo
|
|
.Ft int
|
|
.Xc
|
|
.It Xo
|
|
.Fn xdr_void void
|
|
.Xc
|
|
.Pp
|
|
This routine always returns one.
|
|
It may be passed to
|
|
.Tn RPC
|
|
routines that require a function argument,
|
|
where nothing is to be done.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.It Xo
|
|
.Ft int
|
|
.Xc
|
|
.It Xo
|
|
.Fn xdr_wrapstring "XDR *xdrs" "char **sp"
|
|
.Xc
|
|
.Pp
|
|
A primitive that calls
|
|
.Fn xdr_string xdrs sp MAXUN.UNSIGNED ;
|
|
where
|
|
.Dv MAXUN.UNSIGNED
|
|
is the maximum value of an unsigned integer.
|
|
The
|
|
.Fn xdr_wrapstring
|
|
function
|
|
is handy because the
|
|
.Tn RPC
|
|
package passes a maximum of two
|
|
.Tn XDR
|
|
routines as arguments, and
|
|
.Fn xdr_string ,
|
|
one of the most frequently used primitives, requires three.
|
|
Returns one if it succeeds, zero otherwise.
|
|
.El
|
|
.Sh SEE ALSO
|
|
.Xr rpc 3
|
|
.Rs
|
|
.%T "eXternal Data Representation Standard: Protocol Specification"
|
|
.Re
|
|
.Rs
|
|
.%T "eXternal Data Representation: Sun Technical Notes"
|
|
.Re
|
|
.Rs
|
|
.%T "XDR: External Data Representation Standard"
|
|
.%O RFC1014
|
|
.%Q "Sun Microsystems, Inc., USC\-ISI"
|
|
.Re
|
|
.Sh HISTORY
|
|
The
|
|
.Nm xdr_sizeof
|
|
function first appeared in
|
|
.Fx 9.0 .
|