308 lines
9.5 KiB
Groff
308 lines
9.5 KiB
Groff
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.rm #[ #] #H #V #F C
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.\" ========================================================================
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.\"
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.IX Title "RSAUTL 1"
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.TH RSAUTL 1 "2014-08-06" "1.0.1i" "OpenSSL"
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.\" For nroff, turn off justification. Always turn off hyphenation; it makes
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.\" way too many mistakes in technical documents.
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.if n .ad l
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.nh
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.SH "NAME"
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rsautl \- RSA utility
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.SH "SYNOPSIS"
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.IX Header "SYNOPSIS"
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\&\fBopenssl\fR \fBrsautl\fR
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[\fB\-in file\fR]
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[\fB\-out file\fR]
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[\fB\-inkey file\fR]
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[\fB\-pubin\fR]
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[\fB\-certin\fR]
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[\fB\-sign\fR]
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[\fB\-verify\fR]
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[\fB\-encrypt\fR]
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[\fB\-decrypt\fR]
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[\fB\-pkcs\fR]
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[\fB\-ssl\fR]
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[\fB\-raw\fR]
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[\fB\-hexdump\fR]
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[\fB\-asn1parse\fR]
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.SH "DESCRIPTION"
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.IX Header "DESCRIPTION"
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The \fBrsautl\fR command can be used to sign, verify, encrypt and decrypt
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data using the \s-1RSA\s0 algorithm.
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.SH "COMMAND OPTIONS"
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.IX Header "COMMAND OPTIONS"
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.IP "\fB\-in filename\fR" 4
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.IX Item "-in filename"
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This specifies the input filename to read data from or standard input
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if this option is not specified.
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.IP "\fB\-out filename\fR" 4
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.IX Item "-out filename"
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specifies the output filename to write to or standard output by
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default.
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.IP "\fB\-inkey file\fR" 4
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.IX Item "-inkey file"
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the input key file, by default it should be an \s-1RSA\s0 private key.
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.IP "\fB\-pubin\fR" 4
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.IX Item "-pubin"
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the input file is an \s-1RSA\s0 public key.
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.IP "\fB\-certin\fR" 4
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.IX Item "-certin"
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the input is a certificate containing an \s-1RSA\s0 public key.
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.IP "\fB\-sign\fR" 4
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.IX Item "-sign"
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sign the input data and output the signed result. This requires
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and \s-1RSA\s0 private key.
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.IP "\fB\-verify\fR" 4
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.IX Item "-verify"
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verify the input data and output the recovered data.
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.IP "\fB\-encrypt\fR" 4
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.IX Item "-encrypt"
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encrypt the input data using an \s-1RSA\s0 public key.
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.IP "\fB\-decrypt\fR" 4
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.IX Item "-decrypt"
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decrypt the input data using an \s-1RSA\s0 private key.
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.IP "\fB\-pkcs, \-oaep, \-ssl, \-raw\fR" 4
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.IX Item "-pkcs, -oaep, -ssl, -raw"
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the padding to use: PKCS#1 v1.5 (the default), PKCS#1 \s-1OAEP\s0,
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special padding used in \s-1SSL\s0 v2 backwards compatible handshakes,
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or no padding, respectively.
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For signatures, only \fB\-pkcs\fR and \fB\-raw\fR can be used.
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.IP "\fB\-hexdump\fR" 4
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.IX Item "-hexdump"
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hex dump the output data.
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.IP "\fB\-asn1parse\fR" 4
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.IX Item "-asn1parse"
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asn1parse the output data, this is useful when combined with the
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\&\fB\-verify\fR option.
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.SH "NOTES"
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.IX Header "NOTES"
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\&\fBrsautl\fR because it uses the \s-1RSA\s0 algorithm directly can only be
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used to sign or verify small pieces of data.
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.SH "EXAMPLES"
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.IX Header "EXAMPLES"
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Sign some data using a private key:
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.PP
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.Vb 1
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\& openssl rsautl \-sign \-in file \-inkey key.pem \-out sig
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.Ve
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.PP
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Recover the signed data
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.PP
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.Vb 1
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\& openssl rsautl \-verify \-in sig \-inkey key.pem
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.Ve
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.PP
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Examine the raw signed data:
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.PP
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.Vb 1
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\& openssl rsautl \-verify \-in file \-inkey key.pem \-raw \-hexdump
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\&
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\& 0000 \- 00 01 ff ff ff ff ff ff\-ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ................
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\& 0010 \- ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff\-ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ................
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\& 0020 \- ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff\-ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ................
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\& 0030 \- ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff\-ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ................
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\& 0040 \- ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff\-ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ................
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\& 0050 \- ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff\-ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ................
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\& 0060 \- ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff\-ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ................
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\& 0070 \- ff ff ff ff 00 68 65 6c\-6c 6f 20 77 6f 72 6c 64 .....hello world
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.Ve
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.PP
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The PKCS#1 block formatting is evident from this. If this was done using
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encrypt and decrypt the block would have been of type 2 (the second byte)
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and random padding data visible instead of the 0xff bytes.
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.PP
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It is possible to analyse the signature of certificates using this
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utility in conjunction with \fBasn1parse\fR. Consider the self signed
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example in certs/pca\-cert.pem . Running \fBasn1parse\fR as follows yields:
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.PP
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.Vb 1
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\& openssl asn1parse \-in pca\-cert.pem
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\&
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\& 0:d=0 hl=4 l= 742 cons: SEQUENCE
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\& 4:d=1 hl=4 l= 591 cons: SEQUENCE
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\& 8:d=2 hl=2 l= 3 cons: cont [ 0 ]
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\& 10:d=3 hl=2 l= 1 prim: INTEGER :02
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\& 13:d=2 hl=2 l= 1 prim: INTEGER :00
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\& 16:d=2 hl=2 l= 13 cons: SEQUENCE
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\& 18:d=3 hl=2 l= 9 prim: OBJECT :md5WithRSAEncryption
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\& 29:d=3 hl=2 l= 0 prim: NULL
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\& 31:d=2 hl=2 l= 92 cons: SEQUENCE
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\& 33:d=3 hl=2 l= 11 cons: SET
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\& 35:d=4 hl=2 l= 9 cons: SEQUENCE
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\& 37:d=5 hl=2 l= 3 prim: OBJECT :countryName
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\& 42:d=5 hl=2 l= 2 prim: PRINTABLESTRING :AU
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\& ....
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\& 599:d=1 hl=2 l= 13 cons: SEQUENCE
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\& 601:d=2 hl=2 l= 9 prim: OBJECT :md5WithRSAEncryption
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\& 612:d=2 hl=2 l= 0 prim: NULL
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\& 614:d=1 hl=3 l= 129 prim: BIT STRING
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.Ve
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.PP
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The final \s-1BIT\s0 \s-1STRING\s0 contains the actual signature. It can be extracted with:
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.PP
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.Vb 1
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\& openssl asn1parse \-in pca\-cert.pem \-out sig \-noout \-strparse 614
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.Ve
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.PP
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The certificate public key can be extracted with:
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.PP
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.Vb 1
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\& openssl x509 \-in test/testx509.pem \-pubkey \-noout >pubkey.pem
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.Ve
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.PP
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The signature can be analysed with:
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.PP
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.Vb 1
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\& openssl rsautl \-in sig \-verify \-asn1parse \-inkey pubkey.pem \-pubin
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\&
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\& 0:d=0 hl=2 l= 32 cons: SEQUENCE
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\& 2:d=1 hl=2 l= 12 cons: SEQUENCE
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\& 4:d=2 hl=2 l= 8 prim: OBJECT :md5
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\& 14:d=2 hl=2 l= 0 prim: NULL
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\& 16:d=1 hl=2 l= 16 prim: OCTET STRING
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\& 0000 \- f3 46 9e aa 1a 4a 73 c9\-37 ea 93 00 48 25 08 b5 .F...Js.7...H%..
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.Ve
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.PP
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This is the parsed version of an \s-1ASN1\s0 DigestInfo structure. It can be seen that
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the digest used was md5. The actual part of the certificate that was signed can
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be extracted with:
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.PP
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.Vb 1
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\& openssl asn1parse \-in pca\-cert.pem \-out tbs \-noout \-strparse 4
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.Ve
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.PP
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and its digest computed with:
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.PP
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.Vb 2
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\& openssl md5 \-c tbs
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\& MD5(tbs)= f3:46:9e:aa:1a:4a:73:c9:37:ea:93:00:48:25:08:b5
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.Ve
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.PP
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which it can be seen agrees with the recovered value above.
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.SH "SEE ALSO"
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.IX Header "SEE ALSO"
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\&\fIdgst\fR\|(1), \fIrsa\fR\|(1), \fIgenrsa\fR\|(1)
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