167 lines
5.6 KiB
HTML
167 lines
5.6 KiB
HTML
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 3.2//EN">
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<HTML>
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<HEAD>
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<TITLE>Master File Format</TITLE>
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</HEAD>
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<BODY>
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<H2>BIND Configuration Guide -- Master File Format</H2>
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<HR>
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<P>
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The Master File Format was initially defined in
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<A HREF=http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc1035.txt>RFC 1035</A>
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and has subsequently been extended.
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<P>
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While the Master File Format is class independent all records in a
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Master File must be of the same class.
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<H3>Master File Directives</H3>
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<H4>$ORIGIN</H4>
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Syntax: <CODE>$ORIGIN <domain-name> [<comment>]</CODE>
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<P>
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<CODE>$ORIGIN</CODE> set the domain name that will be appended to any
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unqualified records.
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When a zone is first read in there is an implict <CODE>$ORIGIN</CODE>
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<zone-name>.
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The current <CODE>$ORIGIN</CODE> is appended to the domain specified in the
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<CODE>$ORIGIN</CODE> argument if it is not absolute.
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<PRE>
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$ORIGIN EXAMPLE.
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$ORIGIN MYZONE
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WWW CNAME MAIN-SERVER
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</PRE>
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is equivlent to
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<PRE>
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WWW.MYZONE.EXAMPLE. CNAME MAIN-SERVER.MYZONE.EXAMPLE.
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</PRE>
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<H4>$INCLUDE</H4>
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Syntax: <CODE>$INCLUDE <filename> [<origin>] [<comment>]</CODE>
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<P>
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Read and process the file filename as if it was included into the file at this
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point. If origin is specified the file is processed with <CODE>$ORIGIN</CODE>
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set to that value otherwise the current <CODE>$ORIGIN</CODE> is used.
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<I>NOTE: The behaviour when <origin> is specified differs from that
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described in
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<A HREF=http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc1035.txt>RFC 1035</A>.</I>
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<P>
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The origin and current domain revert to the values they were prior to the
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<CODE>$INCLUDE</CODE> once the file has been read.
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<H4>$TTL</H4>
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Syntax: <CODE>$TTL <default-ttl> [<comment>]</CODE>
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<P>
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Set the default Time To Live (TTL) for subsequent records with undefined
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TTL's. Valid TTL's are of the range 0-2147483647.
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<P>
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<CODE>$TTL</CODE> is defined in
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<A HREF=http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2308.txt>RFC 2308</A>.
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<H3>BIND Master File Extentions</H3>
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<H4>$GENERATE</H4>
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Syntax: <CODE>$GENERATE <range> <lhs> <type> <rhs>
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[<comment>]</CODE>
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<P>
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<CODE>$GENERATE</CODE> is used to create a series of resource records
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that only differ from each other by an iterator. <CODE>$GENERATE</CODE>
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can be used to easily generate the sets of records required to support
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sub /24 reverse delegations described in
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<A HREF=http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2317.txt>RFC 2317: Classless IN-ADDR.ARPA delegation</A>.
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<PRE>
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$ORIGIN 0.0.192.IN-ADDR.ARPA.
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$GENERATE 1-2 0 NS SERVER$.EXAMPLE.
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$GENERATE 1-127 $ CNAME $.0
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</PRE>
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is equivalent to
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<PRE>
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0.0.0.192.IN-ADDR.ARPA NS SERVER1.EXAMPLE.
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0.0.0.192.IN-ADDR.ARPA NS SERVER2.EXAMPLE.
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1.0.0.192.IN-ADDR.ARPA CNAME 1.0.0.0.192.IN-ADDR.ARPA.
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2.0.0.192.IN-ADDR.ARPA CNAME 2.0.0.0.192.IN-ADDR.ARPA.
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...
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127.0.0.192.IN-ADDR.ARPA CNAME 127.0.0.0.192.IN-ADDR.ARPA.
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</PRE>
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<DL>
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<DT>range</DT>
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<DD>
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This can be one of two forms:
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<I>start</I>-<I>stop</I>
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or
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<I>start</I>-<I>stop</I>/<I>step</I>. If the first form is
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used then step is set to 1. All of start, stop and step must be positive.
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<DT>lhs</DT>
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<DD>
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Lhs describes the owner name of the resource records to be created.
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Any single $ symbols within the LHS side are replaced by the iterator value.
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To get a $ in the output use \$. If the lhs is not absolute
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the current $ORIGIN is appended to the name, when appropriate.
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You can also apply an offset to the iterator by using ${offset} where
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offset is a decimal value to add to the iterator.
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And you can also change the format of the iterator by using a printf
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like string. The format is ${offset,width,radix} where offset is as before
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(use 0 for no change), width is the minimum field width (always zero padded)
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radix is one of d, o, x, or X to change the radix to decimal, octal, hex, or hex
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with capital letters.
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The default is ${0,1,d}.
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For example: ${16,3} will add 16 to the iterator and be replaced by
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a 3 digit decimal representation. ${0,2,x} will be replaced by a 2 digit
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hex representation. To get a { character inserted into the text
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immediately after the iterator, use $\{.
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<DT>type</DT>
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<DD>
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At present the only supported types are A, AAAA, PTR, CNAME and NS.
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<DT>rhs</DT>
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<DD>
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Rhs is the data. It is processed similarly to the lhs.
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<DD>
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</DL>
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<H2>Resource Records</H2>
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Syntax: <CODE>{<domain>|@|<blank>}
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[<ttl>] [<class>] <type> <rdata>
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[<comment>]</CODE>
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<P>
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All resource records have the same basic syntax.
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<DL>
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<DT><CODE>domain</CODE></DT>
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<DD>
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Specify the domain name for this record. If it is not absolute the
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current <CODE>$ORIGIN</CODE> is appended.
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<DT><CODE>@</CODE></DT>
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<DD>
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Use the current <CODE>$ORIGIN</CODE> for the domain name for this record.
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<DT><CODE>blank</CODE></DT>
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<DD>
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Use the last specified domainname.
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<DT><CODE>ttl</CODE></DT>
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<DD>
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This specifies how long this record will be cached by caching servers.
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The valid range is 0-2147483647.
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<DT><CODE>class</CODE></DT>
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<DD>
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Specify the class of this record. This is usually redundent as the
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class of a zone is specfied in the configuration file prior to reading
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the zone file.
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<DT><CODE>type</CODE></DT>
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<DD>
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Specify the type of this record. This describes the contents of the rdata
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section.
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<DT><CODE>rdata</CODE></DT>
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<DD>
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This is the value of the resource record.
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</DL>
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<H2>Time Values: Alternate Specification format (BIND Enhancement)</H2>
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<P>
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Many time values within the MASTER file may be specified in multiples
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of weeks, days, hours, minutes and seconds rather than just seconds.
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<P>
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The format for this is <CODE>#w#d#h#m#s</CODE>. To specify 1 week you would
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use <CODE>1w</CODE> or two weeks and 1 hour <CODE>2w1h</CODE>.
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<P>
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This format applies to TTL values, and SOA REFRESH, RETRY, EXPIRE and MINIMUM
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values.
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</P>
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</BODY>
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</HTML>
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