357 lines
7.3 KiB
Groff
357 lines
7.3 KiB
Groff
.\"-
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.\" Copyright (c) 1991, 1993
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.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
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.\"
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.\" This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
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.\" the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc.
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.\"
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.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
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.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
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.\" are met:
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.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
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.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
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.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
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.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
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.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
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.\" without specific prior written permission.
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.\"
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.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
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.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
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.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
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.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
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.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
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.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
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.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
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.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
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.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
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.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
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.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
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.\"
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.\" @(#)test.1 8.1 (Berkeley) 5/31/93
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.\" $FreeBSD$
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.\"
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.Dd September 10, 2010
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.Dt TEST 1
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.Os
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.Sh NAME
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.Nm test ,
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.Nm \&[
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.Nd condition evaluation utility
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.Sh SYNOPSIS
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.Nm
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.Ar expression
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.Nm \&[
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.Ar expression Cm ]
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.Sh DESCRIPTION
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The
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.Nm
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utility evaluates the expression and, if it evaluates
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to true, returns a zero (true) exit status; otherwise
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it returns 1 (false).
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If there is no expression,
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.Nm
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also
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returns 1 (false).
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.Pp
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All operators and flags are separate arguments to the
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.Nm
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utility.
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.Pp
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The following primaries are used to construct expression:
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.Bl -tag -width Ar
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.It Fl b Ar file
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True if
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.Ar file
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exists and is a block special
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file.
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.It Fl c Ar file
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True if
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.Ar file
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exists and is a character
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special file.
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.It Fl d Ar file
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True if
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.Ar file
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exists and is a directory.
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.It Fl e Ar file
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True if
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.Ar file
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exists (regardless of type).
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.It Fl f Ar file
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True if
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.Ar file
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exists and is a regular file.
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.It Fl g Ar file
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True if
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.Ar file
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exists and its set group ID flag
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is set.
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.It Fl h Ar file
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True if
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.Ar file
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exists and is a symbolic link.
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This operator is retained for compatibility with previous versions of
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this program.
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Do not rely on its existence; use
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.Fl L
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instead.
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.It Fl k Ar file
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True if
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.Ar file
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exists and its sticky bit is set.
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.It Fl n Ar string
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True if the length of
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.Ar string
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is nonzero.
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.It Fl p Ar file
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True if
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.Ar file
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is a named pipe
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.Pq Tn FIFO .
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.It Fl r Ar file
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True if
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.Ar file
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exists and is readable.
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.It Fl s Ar file
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True if
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.Ar file
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exists and has a size greater
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than zero.
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.It Fl t Ar file_descriptor
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True if the file whose file descriptor number
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is
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.Ar file_descriptor
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is open and is associated with a terminal.
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.It Fl u Ar file
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True if
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.Ar file
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exists and its set user ID flag
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is set.
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.It Fl w Ar file
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True if
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.Ar file
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exists and is writable.
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True
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indicates only that the write flag is on.
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The file is not writable on a read-only file
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system even if this test indicates true.
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.It Fl x Ar file
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True if
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.Ar file
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exists and is executable.
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True
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indicates only that the execute flag is on.
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If
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.Ar file
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is a directory, true indicates that
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.Ar file
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can be searched.
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.It Fl z Ar string
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True if the length of
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.Ar string
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is zero.
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.It Fl L Ar file
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True if
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.Ar file
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exists and is a symbolic link.
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.It Fl O Ar file
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True if
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.Ar file
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exists and its owner matches the effective user id of this process.
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.It Fl G Ar file
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True if
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.Ar file
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exists and its group matches the effective group id of this process.
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.It Fl S Ar file
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True if
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.Ar file
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exists and is a socket.
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.It Ar file1 Fl nt Ar file2
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True if
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.Ar file1
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exists and is newer than
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.Ar file2 .
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.It Ar file1 Fl ot Ar file2
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True if
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.Ar file1
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exists and is older than
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.Ar file2 .
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.It Ar file1 Fl ef Ar file2
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True if
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.Ar file1
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and
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.Ar file2
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exist and refer to the same file.
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.It Ar string
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True if
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.Ar string
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is not the null
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string.
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.It Ar s1 Cm = Ar s2
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True if the strings
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.Ar s1
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and
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.Ar s2
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are identical.
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.It Ar s1 Cm != Ar s2
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True if the strings
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.Ar s1
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and
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.Ar s2
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are not identical.
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.It Ar s1 Cm < Ar s2
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True if string
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.Ar s1
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comes before
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.Ar s2
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based on the binary value of their characters.
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.It Ar s1 Cm > Ar s2
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True if string
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.Ar s1
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comes after
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.Ar s2
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based on the binary value of their characters.
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.It Ar n1 Fl eq Ar n2
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True if the integers
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.Ar n1
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and
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.Ar n2
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are algebraically
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equal.
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.It Ar n1 Fl ne Ar n2
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True if the integers
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.Ar n1
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and
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.Ar n2
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are not
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algebraically equal.
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.It Ar n1 Fl gt Ar n2
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True if the integer
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.Ar n1
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is algebraically
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greater than the integer
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.Ar n2 .
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.It Ar n1 Fl ge Ar n2
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True if the integer
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.Ar n1
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is algebraically
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greater than or equal to the integer
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.Ar n2 .
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.It Ar n1 Fl lt Ar n2
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True if the integer
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.Ar n1
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is algebraically less
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than the integer
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.Ar n2 .
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.It Ar n1 Fl le Ar n2
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True if the integer
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.Ar n1
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is algebraically less
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than or equal to the integer
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.Ar n2 .
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.El
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.Pp
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If
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.Ar file
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is a symbolic link,
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.Nm
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will fully dereference it and then evaluate the expression
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against the file referenced, except for the
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.Fl h
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and
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.Fl L
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primaries.
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.Pp
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These primaries can be combined with the following operators:
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.Bl -tag -width Ar
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.It Cm \&! Ar expression
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True if
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.Ar expression
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is false.
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.It Ar expression1 Fl a Ar expression2
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True if both
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.Ar expression1
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and
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.Ar expression2
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are true.
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.It Ar expression1 Fl o Ar expression2
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True if either
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.Ar expression1
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or
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.Ar expression2
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are true.
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.It Cm \&( Ar expression Cm \&)
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True if expression is true.
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.El
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.Pp
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The
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.Fl a
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operator has higher precedence than the
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.Fl o
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operator.
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.Pp
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Some shells may provide a builtin
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.Nm
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command which is similar or identical to this utility.
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Consult the
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.Xr builtin 1
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manual page.
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.Sh GRAMMAR AMBIGUITY
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The
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.Nm
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grammar is inherently ambiguous.
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In order to assure a degree of consistency,
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the cases described in the
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.St -p1003.2 ,
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section D11.2/4.62.4, standard
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are evaluated consistently according to the rules specified in the
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standards document.
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All other cases are subject to the ambiguity in the
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command semantics.
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.Pp
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In particular, only expressions containing
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.Fl a ,
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.Fl o ,
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.Cm \&(
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or
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.Cm \&)
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can be ambiguous.
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.Sh EXIT STATUS
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The
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.Nm
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utility exits with one of the following values:
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.Bl -tag -width indent
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.It 0
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expression evaluated to true.
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.It 1
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expression evaluated to false or expression was
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missing.
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.It >1
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An error occurred.
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.El
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.Sh SEE ALSO
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.Xr builtin 1 ,
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.Xr expr 1 ,
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.Xr sh 1 ,
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.Xr symlink 7
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.Sh STANDARDS
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The
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.Nm
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utility implements a superset of the
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.St -p1003.2
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specification.
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.Sh BUGS
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Both sides are always evaluated in
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.Fl a
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and
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.Fl o .
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For instance, the writable status of
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.Pa file
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will be tested by the following command even though the former expression
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indicated false, which results in a gratuitous access to the file system:
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.Dl "[ -z abc -a -w file ]"
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To avoid this, write
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.Dl "[ -z abc ] && [ -w file ]"
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