upstream) and a number of security fixes which we had already backported. MFC after: 1 week
563 lines
26 KiB
Plaintext
563 lines
26 KiB
Plaintext
SSH-KEYGEN(1) General Commands Manual SSH-KEYGEN(1)
|
|
|
|
NAME
|
|
ssh-keygen - authentication key generation, management and conversion
|
|
|
|
SYNOPSIS
|
|
ssh-keygen [-q] [-b bits] [-t dsa | ecdsa | ed25519 | rsa | rsa1]
|
|
[-N new_passphrase] [-C comment] [-f output_keyfile]
|
|
ssh-keygen -p [-P old_passphrase] [-N new_passphrase] [-f keyfile]
|
|
ssh-keygen -i [-m key_format] [-f input_keyfile]
|
|
ssh-keygen -e [-m key_format] [-f input_keyfile]
|
|
ssh-keygen -y [-f input_keyfile]
|
|
ssh-keygen -c [-P passphrase] [-C comment] [-f keyfile]
|
|
ssh-keygen -l [-f input_keyfile]
|
|
ssh-keygen -B [-f input_keyfile]
|
|
ssh-keygen -D pkcs11
|
|
ssh-keygen -F hostname [-f known_hosts_file] [-l]
|
|
ssh-keygen -H [-f known_hosts_file]
|
|
ssh-keygen -R hostname [-f known_hosts_file]
|
|
ssh-keygen -r hostname [-f input_keyfile] [-g]
|
|
ssh-keygen -G output_file [-v] [-b bits] [-M memory] [-S start_point]
|
|
ssh-keygen -T output_file -f input_file [-v] [-a rounds] [-J num_lines]
|
|
[-j start_line] [-K checkpt] [-W generator]
|
|
ssh-keygen -s ca_key -I certificate_identity [-h] [-n principals]
|
|
[-O option] [-V validity_interval] [-z serial_number] file ...
|
|
ssh-keygen -L [-f input_keyfile]
|
|
ssh-keygen -A
|
|
ssh-keygen -k -f krl_file [-u] [-s ca_public] [-z version_number]
|
|
file ...
|
|
ssh-keygen -Q -f krl_file file ...
|
|
|
|
DESCRIPTION
|
|
ssh-keygen generates, manages and converts authentication keys for
|
|
ssh(1). ssh-keygen can create RSA keys for use by SSH protocol version 1
|
|
and DSA, ECDSA, ED25519 or RSA keys for use by SSH protocol version 2.
|
|
The type of key to be generated is specified with the -t option. If
|
|
invoked without any arguments, ssh-keygen will generate an RSA key for
|
|
use in SSH protocol 2 connections.
|
|
|
|
ssh-keygen is also used to generate groups for use in Diffie-Hellman
|
|
group exchange (DH-GEX). See the MODULI GENERATION section for details.
|
|
|
|
Finally, ssh-keygen can be used to generate and update Key Revocation
|
|
Lists, and to test whether given keys have been revoked by one. See the
|
|
KEY REVOCATION LISTS section for details.
|
|
|
|
Normally each user wishing to use SSH with public key authentication runs
|
|
this once to create the authentication key in ~/.ssh/identity,
|
|
~/.ssh/id_dsa, ~/.ssh/id_ecdsa, ~/.ssh/id_ed25519 or ~/.ssh/id_rsa.
|
|
Additionally, the system administrator may use this to generate host
|
|
keys, as seen in /etc/rc.
|
|
|
|
Normally this program generates the key and asks for a file in which to
|
|
store the private key. The public key is stored in a file with the same
|
|
name but ``.pub'' appended. The program also asks for a passphrase. The
|
|
passphrase may be empty to indicate no passphrase (host keys must have an
|
|
empty passphrase), or it may be a string of arbitrary length. A
|
|
passphrase is similar to a password, except it can be a phrase with a
|
|
series of words, punctuation, numbers, whitespace, or any string of
|
|
characters you want. Good passphrases are 10-30 characters long, are not
|
|
simple sentences or otherwise easily guessable (English prose has only
|
|
1-2 bits of entropy per character, and provides very bad passphrases),
|
|
and contain a mix of upper and lowercase letters, numbers, and non-
|
|
alphanumeric characters. The passphrase can be changed later by using
|
|
the -p option.
|
|
|
|
There is no way to recover a lost passphrase. If the passphrase is lost
|
|
or forgotten, a new key must be generated and the corresponding public
|
|
key copied to other machines.
|
|
|
|
For RSA1 keys, there is also a comment field in the key file that is only
|
|
for convenience to the user to help identify the key. The comment can
|
|
tell what the key is for, or whatever is useful. The comment is
|
|
initialized to ``user@host'' when the key is created, but can be changed
|
|
using the -c option.
|
|
|
|
After a key is generated, instructions below detail where the keys should
|
|
be placed to be activated.
|
|
|
|
The options are as follows:
|
|
|
|
-A For each of the key types (rsa1, rsa, dsa, ecdsa and ed25519) for
|
|
which host keys do not exist, generate the host keys with the
|
|
default key file path, an empty passphrase, default bits for the
|
|
key type, and default comment. This is used by /etc/rc to
|
|
generate new host keys.
|
|
|
|
-a rounds
|
|
When saving a new-format private key (i.e. an ed25519 key or any
|
|
SSH protocol 2 key when the -o flag is set), this option
|
|
specifies the number of KDF (key derivation function) rounds
|
|
used. Higher numbers result in slower passphrase verification
|
|
and increased resistance to brute-force password cracking (should
|
|
the keys be stolen).
|
|
|
|
When screening DH-GEX candidates ( using the -T command). This
|
|
option specifies the number of primality tests to perform.
|
|
|
|
-B Show the bubblebabble digest of specified private or public key
|
|
file.
|
|
|
|
-b bits
|
|
Specifies the number of bits in the key to create. For RSA keys,
|
|
the minimum size is 768 bits and the default is 2048 bits.
|
|
Generally, 2048 bits is considered sufficient. DSA keys must be
|
|
exactly 1024 bits as specified by FIPS 186-2. For ECDSA keys,
|
|
the -b flag determines the key length by selecting from one of
|
|
three elliptic curve sizes: 256, 384 or 521 bits. Attempting to
|
|
use bit lengths other than these three values for ECDSA keys will
|
|
fail. ED25519 keys have a fixed length and the -b flag will be
|
|
ignored.
|
|
|
|
-C comment
|
|
Provides a new comment.
|
|
|
|
-c Requests changing the comment in the private and public key
|
|
files. This operation is only supported for RSA1 keys. The
|
|
program will prompt for the file containing the private keys, for
|
|
the passphrase if the key has one, and for the new comment.
|
|
|
|
-D pkcs11
|
|
Download the RSA public keys provided by the PKCS#11 shared
|
|
library pkcs11. When used in combination with -s, this option
|
|
indicates that a CA key resides in a PKCS#11 token (see the
|
|
CERTIFICATES section for details).
|
|
|
|
-e This option will read a private or public OpenSSH key file and
|
|
print to stdout the key in one of the formats specified by the -m
|
|
option. The default export format is ``RFC4716''. This option
|
|
allows exporting OpenSSH keys for use by other programs,
|
|
including several commercial SSH implementations.
|
|
|
|
-F hostname
|
|
Search for the specified hostname in a known_hosts file, listing
|
|
any occurrences found. This option is useful to find hashed host
|
|
names or addresses and may also be used in conjunction with the
|
|
-H option to print found keys in a hashed format.
|
|
|
|
-f filename
|
|
Specifies the filename of the key file.
|
|
|
|
-G output_file
|
|
Generate candidate primes for DH-GEX. These primes must be
|
|
screened for safety (using the -T option) before use.
|
|
|
|
-g Use generic DNS format when printing fingerprint resource records
|
|
using the -r command.
|
|
|
|
-H Hash a known_hosts file. This replaces all hostnames and
|
|
addresses with hashed representations within the specified file;
|
|
the original content is moved to a file with a .old suffix.
|
|
These hashes may be used normally by ssh and sshd, but they do
|
|
not reveal identifying information should the file's contents be
|
|
disclosed. This option will not modify existing hashed hostnames
|
|
and is therefore safe to use on files that mix hashed and non-
|
|
hashed names.
|
|
|
|
-h When signing a key, create a host certificate instead of a user
|
|
certificate. Please see the CERTIFICATES section for details.
|
|
|
|
-I certificate_identity
|
|
Specify the key identity when signing a public key. Please see
|
|
the CERTIFICATES section for details.
|
|
|
|
-i This option will read an unencrypted private (or public) key file
|
|
in the format specified by the -m option and print an OpenSSH
|
|
compatible private (or public) key to stdout. This option allows
|
|
importing keys from other software, including several commercial
|
|
SSH implementations. The default import format is ``RFC4716''.
|
|
|
|
-J num_lines
|
|
Exit after screening the specified number of lines while
|
|
performing DH candidate screening using the -T option.
|
|
|
|
-j start_line
|
|
Start screening at the specified line number while performing DH
|
|
candidate screening using the -T option.
|
|
|
|
-K checkpt
|
|
Write the last line processed to the file checkpt while
|
|
performing DH candidate screening using the -T option. This will
|
|
be used to skip lines in the input file that have already been
|
|
processed if the job is restarted.
|
|
|
|
-k Generate a KRL file. In this mode, ssh-keygen will generate a
|
|
KRL file at the location specified via the -f flag that revokes
|
|
every key or certificate presented on the command line.
|
|
Keys/certificates to be revoked may be specified by public key
|
|
file or using the format described in the KEY REVOCATION LISTS
|
|
section.
|
|
|
|
-L Prints the contents of a certificate.
|
|
|
|
-l Show fingerprint of specified public key file. Private RSA1 keys
|
|
are also supported. For RSA and DSA keys ssh-keygen tries to
|
|
find the matching public key file and prints its fingerprint. If
|
|
combined with -v, an ASCII art representation of the key is
|
|
supplied with the fingerprint.
|
|
|
|
-M memory
|
|
Specify the amount of memory to use (in megabytes) when
|
|
generating candidate moduli for DH-GEX.
|
|
|
|
-m key_format
|
|
Specify a key format for the -i (import) or -e (export)
|
|
conversion options. The supported key formats are: ``RFC4716''
|
|
(RFC 4716/SSH2 public or private key), ``PKCS8'' (PEM PKCS8
|
|
public key) or ``PEM'' (PEM public key). The default conversion
|
|
format is ``RFC4716''.
|
|
|
|
-N new_passphrase
|
|
Provides the new passphrase.
|
|
|
|
-n principals
|
|
Specify one or more principals (user or host names) to be
|
|
included in a certificate when signing a key. Multiple
|
|
principals may be specified, separated by commas. Please see the
|
|
CERTIFICATES section for details.
|
|
|
|
-O option
|
|
Specify a certificate option when signing a key. This option may
|
|
be specified multiple times. Please see the CERTIFICATES section
|
|
for details. The options that are valid for user certificates
|
|
are:
|
|
|
|
clear Clear all enabled permissions. This is useful for
|
|
clearing the default set of permissions so permissions
|
|
may be added individually.
|
|
|
|
force-command=command
|
|
Forces the execution of command instead of any shell or
|
|
command specified by the user when the certificate is
|
|
used for authentication.
|
|
|
|
no-agent-forwarding
|
|
Disable ssh-agent(1) forwarding (permitted by default).
|
|
|
|
no-port-forwarding
|
|
Disable port forwarding (permitted by default).
|
|
|
|
no-pty Disable PTY allocation (permitted by default).
|
|
|
|
no-user-rc
|
|
Disable execution of ~/.ssh/rc by sshd(8) (permitted by
|
|
default).
|
|
|
|
no-x11-forwarding
|
|
Disable X11 forwarding (permitted by default).
|
|
|
|
permit-agent-forwarding
|
|
Allows ssh-agent(1) forwarding.
|
|
|
|
permit-port-forwarding
|
|
Allows port forwarding.
|
|
|
|
permit-pty
|
|
Allows PTY allocation.
|
|
|
|
permit-user-rc
|
|
Allows execution of ~/.ssh/rc by sshd(8).
|
|
|
|
permit-x11-forwarding
|
|
Allows X11 forwarding.
|
|
|
|
source-address=address_list
|
|
Restrict the source addresses from which the certificate
|
|
is considered valid. The address_list is a comma-
|
|
separated list of one or more address/netmask pairs in
|
|
CIDR format.
|
|
|
|
At present, no options are valid for host keys.
|
|
|
|
-o Causes ssh-keygen to save SSH protocol 2 private keys using the
|
|
new OpenSSH format rather than the more compatible PEM format.
|
|
The new format has increased resistance to brute-force password
|
|
cracking but is not supported by versions of OpenSSH prior to
|
|
6.5. Ed25519 keys always use the new private key format.
|
|
|
|
-P passphrase
|
|
Provides the (old) passphrase.
|
|
|
|
-p Requests changing the passphrase of a private key file instead of
|
|
creating a new private key. The program will prompt for the file
|
|
containing the private key, for the old passphrase, and twice for
|
|
the new passphrase.
|
|
|
|
-Q Test whether keys have been revoked in a KRL.
|
|
|
|
-q Silence ssh-keygen.
|
|
|
|
-R hostname
|
|
Removes all keys belonging to hostname from a known_hosts file.
|
|
This option is useful to delete hashed hosts (see the -H option
|
|
above).
|
|
|
|
-r hostname
|
|
Print the SSHFP fingerprint resource record named hostname for
|
|
the specified public key file.
|
|
|
|
-S start
|
|
Specify start point (in hex) when generating candidate moduli for
|
|
DH-GEX.
|
|
|
|
-s ca_key
|
|
Certify (sign) a public key using the specified CA key. Please
|
|
see the CERTIFICATES section for details.
|
|
|
|
When generating a KRL, -s specifies a path to a CA public key
|
|
file used to revoke certificates directly by key ID or serial
|
|
number. See the KEY REVOCATION LISTS section for details.
|
|
|
|
-T output_file
|
|
Test DH group exchange candidate primes (generated using the -G
|
|
option) for safety.
|
|
|
|
-t dsa | ecdsa | ed25519 | rsa | rsa1
|
|
Specifies the type of key to create. The possible values are
|
|
``rsa1'' for protocol version 1 and ``dsa'', ``ecdsa'',
|
|
``ed25519'', or ``rsa'' for protocol version 2.
|
|
|
|
-u Update a KRL. When specified with -k, keys listed via the
|
|
command line are added to the existing KRL rather than a new KRL
|
|
being created.
|
|
|
|
-V validity_interval
|
|
Specify a validity interval when signing a certificate. A
|
|
validity interval may consist of a single time, indicating that
|
|
the certificate is valid beginning now and expiring at that time,
|
|
or may consist of two times separated by a colon to indicate an
|
|
explicit time interval. The start time may be specified as a
|
|
date in YYYYMMDD format, a time in YYYYMMDDHHMMSS format or a
|
|
relative time (to the current time) consisting of a minus sign
|
|
followed by a relative time in the format described in the TIME
|
|
FORMATS section of sshd_config(5). The end time may be specified
|
|
as a YYYYMMDD date, a YYYYMMDDHHMMSS time or a relative time
|
|
starting with a plus character.
|
|
|
|
For example: ``+52w1d'' (valid from now to 52 weeks and one day
|
|
from now), ``-4w:+4w'' (valid from four weeks ago to four weeks
|
|
from now), ``20100101123000:20110101123000'' (valid from 12:30
|
|
PM, January 1st, 2010 to 12:30 PM, January 1st, 2011),
|
|
``-1d:20110101'' (valid from yesterday to midnight, January 1st,
|
|
2011).
|
|
|
|
-v Verbose mode. Causes ssh-keygen to print debugging messages
|
|
about its progress. This is helpful for debugging moduli
|
|
generation. Multiple -v options increase the verbosity. The
|
|
maximum is 3.
|
|
|
|
-W generator
|
|
Specify desired generator when testing candidate moduli for DH-
|
|
GEX.
|
|
|
|
-y This option will read a private OpenSSH format file and print an
|
|
OpenSSH public key to stdout.
|
|
|
|
-z serial_number
|
|
Specifies a serial number to be embedded in the certificate to
|
|
distinguish this certificate from others from the same CA. The
|
|
default serial number is zero.
|
|
|
|
When generating a KRL, the -z flag is used to specify a KRL
|
|
version number.
|
|
|
|
MODULI GENERATION
|
|
ssh-keygen may be used to generate groups for the Diffie-Hellman Group
|
|
Exchange (DH-GEX) protocol. Generating these groups is a two-step
|
|
process: first, candidate primes are generated using a fast, but memory
|
|
intensive process. These candidate primes are then tested for
|
|
suitability (a CPU-intensive process).
|
|
|
|
Generation of primes is performed using the -G option. The desired
|
|
length of the primes may be specified by the -b option. For example:
|
|
|
|
# ssh-keygen -G moduli-2048.candidates -b 2048
|
|
|
|
By default, the search for primes begins at a random point in the desired
|
|
length range. This may be overridden using the -S option, which
|
|
specifies a different start point (in hex).
|
|
|
|
Once a set of candidates have been generated, they must be screened for
|
|
suitability. This may be performed using the -T option. In this mode
|
|
ssh-keygen will read candidates from standard input (or a file specified
|
|
using the -f option). For example:
|
|
|
|
# ssh-keygen -T moduli-2048 -f moduli-2048.candidates
|
|
|
|
By default, each candidate will be subjected to 100 primality tests.
|
|
This may be overridden using the -a option. The DH generator value will
|
|
be chosen automatically for the prime under consideration. If a specific
|
|
generator is desired, it may be requested using the -W option. Valid
|
|
generator values are 2, 3, and 5.
|
|
|
|
Screened DH groups may be installed in /etc/moduli. It is important that
|
|
this file contains moduli of a range of bit lengths and that both ends of
|
|
a connection share common moduli.
|
|
|
|
CERTIFICATES
|
|
ssh-keygen supports signing of keys to produce certificates that may be
|
|
used for user or host authentication. Certificates consist of a public
|
|
key, some identity information, zero or more principal (user or host)
|
|
names and a set of options that are signed by a Certification Authority
|
|
(CA) key. Clients or servers may then trust only the CA key and verify
|
|
its signature on a certificate rather than trusting many user/host keys.
|
|
Note that OpenSSH certificates are a different, and much simpler, format
|
|
to the X.509 certificates used in ssl(8).
|
|
|
|
ssh-keygen supports two types of certificates: user and host. User
|
|
certificates authenticate users to servers, whereas host certificates
|
|
authenticate server hosts to users. To generate a user certificate:
|
|
|
|
$ ssh-keygen -s /path/to/ca_key -I key_id /path/to/user_key.pub
|
|
|
|
The resultant certificate will be placed in /path/to/user_key-cert.pub.
|
|
A host certificate requires the -h option:
|
|
|
|
$ ssh-keygen -s /path/to/ca_key -I key_id -h /path/to/host_key.pub
|
|
|
|
The host certificate will be output to /path/to/host_key-cert.pub.
|
|
|
|
It is possible to sign using a CA key stored in a PKCS#11 token by
|
|
providing the token library using -D and identifying the CA key by
|
|
providing its public half as an argument to -s:
|
|
|
|
$ ssh-keygen -s ca_key.pub -D libpkcs11.so -I key_id host_key.pub
|
|
|
|
In all cases, key_id is a "key identifier" that is logged by the server
|
|
when the certificate is used for authentication.
|
|
|
|
Certificates may be limited to be valid for a set of principal
|
|
(user/host) names. By default, generated certificates are valid for all
|
|
users or hosts. To generate a certificate for a specified set of
|
|
principals:
|
|
|
|
$ ssh-keygen -s ca_key -I key_id -n user1,user2 user_key.pub
|
|
$ ssh-keygen -s ca_key -I key_id -h -n host.domain user_key.pub
|
|
|
|
Additional limitations on the validity and use of user certificates may
|
|
be specified through certificate options. A certificate option may
|
|
disable features of the SSH session, may be valid only when presented
|
|
from particular source addresses or may force the use of a specific
|
|
command. For a list of valid certificate options, see the documentation
|
|
for the -O option above.
|
|
|
|
Finally, certificates may be defined with a validity lifetime. The -V
|
|
option allows specification of certificate start and end times. A
|
|
certificate that is presented at a time outside this range will not be
|
|
considered valid. By default, certificates are valid from UNIX Epoch to
|
|
the distant future.
|
|
|
|
For certificates to be used for user or host authentication, the CA
|
|
public key must be trusted by sshd(8) or ssh(1). Please refer to those
|
|
manual pages for details.
|
|
|
|
KEY REVOCATION LISTS
|
|
ssh-keygen is able to manage OpenSSH format Key Revocation Lists (KRLs).
|
|
These binary files specify keys or certificates to be revoked using a
|
|
compact format, taking as little as one bit per certificate if they are
|
|
being revoked by serial number.
|
|
|
|
KRLs may be generated using the -k flag. This option reads one or more
|
|
files from the command line and generates a new KRL. The files may
|
|
either contain a KRL specification (see below) or public keys, listed one
|
|
per line. Plain public keys are revoked by listing their hash or
|
|
contents in the KRL and certificates revoked by serial number or key ID
|
|
(if the serial is zero or not available).
|
|
|
|
Revoking keys using a KRL specification offers explicit control over the
|
|
types of record used to revoke keys and may be used to directly revoke
|
|
certificates by serial number or key ID without having the complete
|
|
original certificate on hand. A KRL specification consists of lines
|
|
containing one of the following directives followed by a colon and some
|
|
directive-specific information.
|
|
|
|
serial: serial_number[-serial_number]
|
|
Revokes a certificate with the specified serial number. Serial
|
|
numbers are 64-bit values, not including zero and may be
|
|
expressed in decimal, hex or octal. If two serial numbers are
|
|
specified separated by a hyphen, then the range of serial numbers
|
|
including and between each is revoked. The CA key must have been
|
|
specified on the ssh-keygen command line using the -s option.
|
|
|
|
id: key_id
|
|
Revokes a certificate with the specified key ID string. The CA
|
|
key must have been specified on the ssh-keygen command line using
|
|
the -s option.
|
|
|
|
key: public_key
|
|
Revokes the specified key. If a certificate is listed, then it
|
|
is revoked as a plain public key.
|
|
|
|
sha1: public_key
|
|
Revokes the specified key by its SHA1 hash.
|
|
|
|
KRLs may be updated using the -u flag in addition to -k. When this
|
|
option is specified, keys listed via the command line are merged into the
|
|
KRL, adding to those already there.
|
|
|
|
It is also possible, given a KRL, to test whether it revokes a particular
|
|
key (or keys). The -Q flag will query an existing KRL, testing each key
|
|
specified on the commandline. If any key listed on the command line has
|
|
been revoked (or an error encountered) then ssh-keygen will exit with a
|
|
non-zero exit status. A zero exit status will only be returned if no key
|
|
was revoked.
|
|
|
|
FILES
|
|
~/.ssh/identity
|
|
Contains the protocol version 1 RSA authentication identity of
|
|
the user. This file should not be readable by anyone but the
|
|
user. It is possible to specify a passphrase when generating the
|
|
key; that passphrase will be used to encrypt the private part of
|
|
this file using 3DES. This file is not automatically accessed by
|
|
ssh-keygen but it is offered as the default file for the private
|
|
key. ssh(1) will read this file when a login attempt is made.
|
|
|
|
~/.ssh/identity.pub
|
|
Contains the protocol version 1 RSA public key for
|
|
authentication. The contents of this file should be added to
|
|
~/.ssh/authorized_keys on all machines where the user wishes to
|
|
log in using RSA authentication. There is no need to keep the
|
|
contents of this file secret.
|
|
|
|
~/.ssh/id_dsa
|
|
~/.ssh/id_ecdsa
|
|
~/.ssh/id_ed25519
|
|
~/.ssh/id_rsa
|
|
Contains the protocol version 2 DSA, ECDSA, ED25519 or RSA
|
|
authentication identity of the user. This file should not be
|
|
readable by anyone but the user. It is possible to specify a
|
|
passphrase when generating the key; that passphrase will be used
|
|
to encrypt the private part of this file using 128-bit AES. This
|
|
file is not automatically accessed by ssh-keygen but it is
|
|
offered as the default file for the private key. ssh(1) will
|
|
read this file when a login attempt is made.
|
|
|
|
~/.ssh/id_dsa.pub
|
|
~/.ssh/id_ecdsa.pub
|
|
~/.ssh/id_ed25519.pub
|
|
~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub
|
|
Contains the protocol version 2 DSA, ECDSA, ED25519 or RSA public
|
|
key for authentication. The contents of this file should be
|
|
added to ~/.ssh/authorized_keys on all machines where the user
|
|
wishes to log in using public key authentication. There is no
|
|
need to keep the contents of this file secret.
|
|
|
|
/etc/moduli
|
|
Contains Diffie-Hellman groups used for DH-GEX. The file format
|
|
is described in moduli(5).
|
|
|
|
SEE ALSO
|
|
ssh(1), ssh-add(1), ssh-agent(1), moduli(5), sshd(8)
|
|
|
|
The Secure Shell (SSH) Public Key File Format, RFC 4716, 2006.
|
|
|
|
AUTHORS
|
|
OpenSSH is a derivative of the original and free ssh 1.2.12 release by
|
|
Tatu Ylonen. Aaron Campbell, Bob Beck, Markus Friedl, Niels Provos, Theo
|
|
de Raadt and Dug Song removed many bugs, re-added newer features and
|
|
created OpenSSH. Markus Friedl contributed the support for SSH protocol
|
|
versions 1.5 and 2.0.
|
|
|
|
OpenBSD 5.6 March 31, 2014 OpenBSD 5.6
|