223 lines
5.4 KiB
Groff
223 lines
5.4 KiB
Groff
.\" Copyright (c) 1990, 1991, 1993
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.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
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.\"
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.\" This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
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.\" Chris Torek and the American National Standards Committee X3,
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.\" on Information Processing Systems.
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.\"
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.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
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.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
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.\" are met:
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.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
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.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
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.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
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.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
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.\" must display the following acknowledgement:
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.\" This product includes software developed by the University of
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.\" California, Berkeley and its contributors.
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.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
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.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
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.\" without specific prior written permission.
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.\"
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.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
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.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
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.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
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.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
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.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
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.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
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.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
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.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
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.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
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.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
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.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
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.\"
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.\" @(#)strtol.3 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/4/93
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.\" $FreeBSD$
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.\"
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.Dd November 28, 2001
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.Dt STRTOL 3
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.Os
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.Sh NAME
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.Nm strtol , strtoll , strtoimax , strtoq
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.Nd "convert a string value to a"
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.Vt long , "long long" , intmax_t
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or
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.Vt quad_t
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integer
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.Sh LIBRARY
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.Lb libc
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.Sh SYNOPSIS
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.In stdlib.h
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.In limits.h
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.Ft long
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.Fn strtol "const char * restrict nptr" "char ** restrict endptr" "int base"
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.Ft long long
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.Fn strtoll "const char * restrict nptr" "char ** restrict endptr" "int base"
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.In inttypes.h
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.Ft intmax_t
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.Fn strtoimax "const char * restrict nptr" "char ** restrict endptr" "int base"
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.In sys/types.h
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.In stdlib.h
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.In limits.h
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.Ft quad_t
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.Fn strtoq "const char *nptr" "char **endptr" "int base"
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.Sh DESCRIPTION
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The
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.Fn strtol
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function
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converts the string in
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.Fa nptr
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to a
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.Vt long
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value.
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The
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.Fn strtoll
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function
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converts the string in
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.Fa nptr
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to a
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.Vt "long long"
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value.
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The
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.Fn strtoimax
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function
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converts the string in
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.Fa nptr
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to an
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.Vt intmax_t
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value.
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The
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.Fn strtoq
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function
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converts the string in
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.Fa nptr
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to a
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.Vt quad_t
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value.
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The conversion is done according to the given
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.Fa base ,
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which must be between 2 and 36 inclusive,
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or be the special value 0.
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.Pp
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The string may begin with an arbitrary amount of white space
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(as determined by
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.Xr isspace 3 )
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followed by a single optional
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.Ql +
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or
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.Ql -
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sign.
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If
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.Fa base
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is zero or 16,
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the string may then include a
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.Dq Li 0x
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prefix,
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and the number will be read in base 16; otherwise, a zero
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.Fa base
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is taken as 10 (decimal) unless the next character is
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.Ql 0 ,
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in which case it is taken as 8 (octal).
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.Pp
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The remainder of the string is converted to a
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.Vt long , "long long" , intmax_t
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or
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.Vt quad_t
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value in the obvious manner,
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stopping at the first character which is not a valid digit
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in the given base.
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(In bases above 10, the letter
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.Ql A
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in either upper or lower case
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represents 10,
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.Ql B
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represents 11, and so forth, with
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.Ql Z
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representing 35.)
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.Pp
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If
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.Fa endptr
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is not
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.Dv NULL ,
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.Fn strtol
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stores the address of the first invalid character in
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.Fa *endptr .
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If there were no digits at all, however,
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.Fn strtol
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stores the original value of
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.Fa nptr
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in
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.Fa *endptr .
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(Thus, if
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.Fa *nptr
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is not
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.Ql \e0
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but
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.Fa **endptr
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is
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.Ql \e0
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on return, the entire string was valid.)
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.Sh RETURN VALUES
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The
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.Fn strtol ,
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.Fn strtoll ,
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.Fn strtoimax
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and
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.Fn strtoq
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functions
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return the result of the conversion,
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unless the value would underflow or overflow.
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If no conversion could be performed, 0 is returned and
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the global variable
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.Va errno
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is set to
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.Er EINVAL .
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If an overflow or underflow occurs,
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.Va errno
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is set to
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.Er ERANGE
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and the function return value is clamped according
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to the following table.
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.Bl -column -offset indent ".Fn strtoimax" ".Sy overflow" ".Sy underflow"
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.It Sy Function Ta Sy overflow Ta Sy underflow
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.It Fn strtol Ta Dv LONG_MIN Ta Dv LONG_MAX
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.It Fn strtoll Ta Dv LLONG_MIN Ta Dv LLONG_MAX
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.It Fn strtoimax Ta Dv INTMAX_MIN Ta Dv INTMAX_MAX
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.It Fn strtoq Ta Dv LLONG_MIN Ta Dv LLONG_MAX
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.El
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.Sh ERRORS
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.Bl -tag -width Er
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.It Bq Er EINVAL
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The value of
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.Fa base
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is not supported or
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no conversion could be performed.
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.It Bq Er ERANGE
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The given string was out of range; the value converted has been clamped.
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.El
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.Sh SEE ALSO
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.Xr atof 3 ,
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.Xr atoi 3 ,
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.Xr atol 3 ,
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.Xr strtod 3 ,
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.Xr strtoul 3
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.Sh STANDARDS
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The
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.Fn strtol
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function
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conforms to
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.St -isoC .
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The
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.Fn strtoll
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and
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.Fn strtoimax
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functions
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conform to
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.St -isoC-99 .
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The
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.Bx
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.Fn strtoq
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function is deprecated.
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