145 lines
4.7 KiB
Groff
145 lines
4.7 KiB
Groff
.\"
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.\" Copyright (c) 1996 Joerg Wunsch
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.\"
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.\" All rights reserved.
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.\"
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.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
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.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
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.\" are met:
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.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
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.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
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.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
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.\"
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.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE DEVELOPERS ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
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.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
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.\" OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
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.\" IN NO EVENT SHALL THE DEVELOPERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
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.\" INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
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.\" NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
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.\" DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
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.\" THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
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.\" (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
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.\" THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
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.\"
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.\" $FreeBSD$
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.\"
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.\" "
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.Dd January 21, 2010
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.Dt SYSEXITS 3
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.Os
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.Sh NAME
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.Nm sysexits
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.Nd preferable exit codes for programs
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.Sh SYNOPSIS
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.In sysexits.h
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.Sh DESCRIPTION
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According to
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.Xr style 9 ,
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it is not a good practice to call
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.Xr exit 3
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with arbitrary values to indicate a failure condition when ending
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a program.
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Instead, the pre-defined exit codes from
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.Nm
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should be used, so the caller of the process can get a rough
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estimation about the failure class without looking up the source code.
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.Pp
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The successful exit is always indicated by a status of 0, or
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.Sy EX_OK .
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Error numbers begin at
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.Sy EX__BASE
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to reduce the possibility of clashing with other exit statuses that
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random programs may already return.
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The meaning of the codes is
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approximately as follows:
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.Bl -tag -width "EX_UNAVAILABLEXX(XX)"
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.It Sy EX_USAGE Pq 64
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The command was used incorrectly, e.g., with the wrong number of
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arguments, a bad flag, a bad syntax in a parameter, or whatever.
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.It Sy EX_DATAERR Pq 65
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The input data was incorrect in some way.
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This should only be used
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for user's data and not system files.
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.It Sy EX_NOINPUT Pq 66
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An input file (not a system file) did not exist or was not readable.
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This could also include errors like
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.Dq \&No message
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to a mailer (if it cared to catch it).
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.It Sy EX_NOUSER Pq 67
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The user specified did not exist.
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This might be used for mail
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addresses or remote logins.
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.It Sy EX_NOHOST Pq 68
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The host specified did not exist.
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This is used in mail addresses or
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network requests.
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.It Sy EX_UNAVAILABLE Pq 69
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A service is unavailable.
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This can occur if a support program or file
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does not exist.
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This can also be used as a catchall message when
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something you wanted to do does not work, but you do not know why.
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.It Sy EX_SOFTWARE Pq 70
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An internal software error has been detected.
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This should be limited
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to non-operating system related errors as possible.
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.It Sy EX_OSERR Pq 71
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An operating system error has been detected.
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This is intended to be
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used for such things as
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.Dq cannot fork ,
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.Dq cannot create pipe ,
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or the like.
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It includes things like getuid returning a user that
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does not exist in the passwd file.
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.It Sy EX_OSFILE Pq 72
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Some system file (e.g.,
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.Pa /etc/passwd ,
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.Pa /var/run/utx.active ,
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etc.) does not exist, cannot be opened, or has some sort of error
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(e.g., syntax error).
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.It Sy EX_CANTCREAT Pq 73
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A (user specified) output file cannot be created.
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.It Sy EX_IOERR Pq 74
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An error occurred while doing I/O on some file.
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.It Sy EX_TEMPFAIL Pq 75
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Temporary failure, indicating something that is not really an error.
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In sendmail, this means that a mailer (e.g.) could not create a
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connection, and the request should be reattempted later.
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.It Sy EX_PROTOCOL Pq 76
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The remote system returned something that was
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.Dq not possible
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during a protocol exchange.
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.It Sy EX_NOPERM Pq 77
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You did not have sufficient permission to perform the operation.
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This
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is not intended for file system problems, which should use
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.Sy EX_NOINPUT
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or
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.Sy EX_CANTCREAT ,
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but rather for higher level permissions.
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.It Sy EX_CONFIG Pq 78
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Something was found in an unconfigured or misconfigured state.
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.El
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.Pp
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The numerical values corresponding to the symbolical ones are given in
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parenthesis for easy reference.
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.Sh SEE ALSO
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.Xr err 3 ,
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.Xr exit 3 ,
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.Xr style 9
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.Sh HISTORY
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The
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.Nm
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file appeared somewhere after
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.Bx 4.3 .
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.Sh AUTHORS
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This manual page was written by
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.An J\(:org Wunsch
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after the comments in
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.In sysexits.h .
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.Sh BUGS
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The choice of an appropriate exit value is often ambiguous.
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