266 lines
7.5 KiB
Groff
266 lines
7.5 KiB
Groff
.\" $NetBSD: rcorder.8,v 1.3 2000/07/17 14:16:22 mrg Exp $
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.\"
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.\" Copyright (c) 1998
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.\" Perry E. Metzger. All rights reserved.
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.\"
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.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
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.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
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.\" are met:
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.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
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.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
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.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
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.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
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.\" must display the following acknowledgment:
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.\" This product includes software developed for the NetBSD Project
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.\" by Perry E. Metzger.
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.\" 4. The name of the author may not be used to endorse or promote products
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.\" derived from this software without specific prior written permission.
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.\"
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.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
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.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
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.\" OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
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.\" IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
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.\" INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
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.\" NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
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.\" DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
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.\" THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
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.\" (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
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.\" THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
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.\"
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.\" $FreeBSD$
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.\"
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.Dd December 13, 2022
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.Dt RCORDER 8
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.Os
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.Sh NAME
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.Nm rcorder
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.Nd print a dependency ordering of interdependent files
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.Sh SYNOPSIS
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.Nm
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.Op Fl gp
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.Op Fl k Ar keep
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.Op Fl s Ar skip
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.Ar
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.Sh DESCRIPTION
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The
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.Nm
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utility is designed to print out a dependency ordering of a set of
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interdependent files.
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Typically it is used to find an execution
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sequence for a set of shell scripts in which certain files must be
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executed before others.
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.Pp
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Each file passed to
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.Nm
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must be annotated with special lines (which look like comments to the
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shell) which indicate the dependencies the files have upon certain
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points in the sequence, known as
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.Dq conditions ,
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and which indicate, for each file, which
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.Dq conditions
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may be expected to be filled by that file.
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.Pp
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Within each file, a block containing a series of
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.Ql REQUIRE ,
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.Ql PROVIDE ,
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.Ql BEFORE
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and
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.Ql KEYWORD
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lines must appear.
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The format of the lines is rigid.
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Each line must begin with a single
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.Ql # ,
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followed by a single space, followed by
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.Ql PROVIDE\&: ,
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.Ql REQUIRE\&: ,
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.Ql BEFORE\&: ,
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or
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.Ql KEYWORD\&: .
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No deviation is permitted.
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Each dependency line is then followed by a series of conditions,
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separated by whitespace.
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Multiple
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.Ql PROVIDE ,
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.Ql REQUIRE ,
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.Ql BEFORE
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and
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.Ql KEYWORD
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lines may appear, but all such lines must appear in a sequence without
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any intervening lines, as once a line that does not follow the format
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is reached, parsing stops.
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.\" Note that for historical reasons REQUIRES, PROVIDES, and KEYWORDS
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.\" are also accepted in addition to the above, but not documented so
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.\" that they can be deprecated at some point in the future.
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.Pp
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The options are as follows:
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.Bl -tag -width "-k keep"
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.It Fl g
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Produce a GraphViz (.dot) of the complete dependency graph instead of
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plaintext calling order list.
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.It Fl k Ar keep
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Add the specified keyword to the
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.Dq "keep list" .
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If any
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.Fl k
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option is given, only those files containing the matching keyword are listed.
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This option can be specified multiple times.
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.It Fl p
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Generate ordering suitable for parallel startup, placing files that can be
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executed simultaneously on the same line.
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.It Fl s Ar skip
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Add the specified keyword to the
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.Dq "skip list" .
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If any
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.Fl s
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option is given, files containing the matching keyword are not listed.
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This option can be specified multiple times.
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.El
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.Pp
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An example block follows:
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.Bd -literal -offset indent
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# REQUIRE: networking syslog
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# REQUIRE: usr
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# PROVIDE: dns nscd
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.Ed
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.Pp
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This block states that the file in which it appears depends upon the
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.Ql networking ,
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.Ql syslog ,
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and
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.Ql usr
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conditions, and provides the
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.Ql dns
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and
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.Ql nscd
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conditions.
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.Pp
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A file may contain zero
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.Ql PROVIDE
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lines, in which case it provides no conditions, and may contain zero
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.Ql REQUIRE
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lines, in which case it has no dependencies.
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There must be at least one file with no dependencies in the set of
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arguments passed to
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.Nm
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in order for it to find a starting place in the dependency ordering.
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.Sh KEYWORDS
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There are several
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.Em KEYWORDs
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in use:
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.Bl -tag -width "shutdown" -offset indent
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.It Sy firstboot , nojail , nojailvnet , nostart
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Used by
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.Xr rc 8 .
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.It Sy resume
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Used by
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.Nm /etc/rc.resume
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(see
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.Xr acpiconf 8 )
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.It Sy shutdown
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Used by
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.Xr rc.shutdown 8 .
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.El
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.Sh EXAMPLES
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Print the dependency ordering of the services from the base system and
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.Xr ports 7 :
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.Bd -literal -offset indent
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$ rcorder /etc/rc.d/* /usr/local/etc/rc.d/*
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.Ed
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.Pp
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Count the number of services in the base system, which specify the
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.Sy nostart
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keyword, while skipping those with
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.Sy firstboot
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and
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.Sy nojailvnet :
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.Bd -literal -offset indent
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$ rcorder -k nostart -s firstboot -s nojailvnet /etc/rc.d/* | wc -l
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3
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.Ed
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.Sh DIAGNOSTICS
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The
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.Nm
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utility may print one of the following error messages and exit with a non-zero
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status if it encounters an error while processing the file list.
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.Bl -diag
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.It "Requirement %s in file %s has no providers."
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No file has a
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.Ql PROVIDE
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line corresponding to a condition present in a
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.Ql REQUIRE
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line in another file.
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.It "Circular dependency on provision %s in file %s."
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A set of files has a circular dependency which was detected while
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processing the stated condition.
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Loop visualization follows this message.
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.It "Circular dependency on file %s."
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A set of files has a circular dependency which was detected while
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processing the stated file.
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.It "%s was seen in circular dependencies for %d times."
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Each node that was a part of circular dependency loops reports total number of
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such encounters.
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Start with files having biggest counter when fighting with broken dependencies.
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.El
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.Sh DIAGNOSTICS WITH GRAPHVIZ
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Direct dependency is drawn with solid line,
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.Ql BEFORE
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dependency is drawn as a dashed line.
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Each node of a graph represents an item from
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.Ql PROVIDE
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lines.
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In case there are more than one file providing an item, a list of filenames
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shortened with
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.Xr basename 3
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is shown.
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Shortened filenames are also shown in case
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.Ql PROVIDE
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item does not match file name.
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.Pp
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Edges and nodes where circular dependencies were detected are drawn bold red.
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If a file has an item in
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.Ql REQUIRE
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or in
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.Ql BEFORE
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that could not be provided,
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this missing provider and the requirement will be drawn bold red as well.
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.Sh SEE ALSO
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.Xr acpiconf 8 ,
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.Xr rc 8 ,
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.Xr rc.shutdown 8 ,
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.Xr service 8
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.Sh HISTORY
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The
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.Nm
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utility appeared in
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.Nx 1.5 .
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.Nm
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utility first appeared in
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.Fx 5.0 .
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.Sh AUTHORS
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.An -nosplit
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Written by
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.An Perry E. Metzger Aq Mt perry@piermont.com
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and
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.An Matthew R. Green Aq Mt mrg@eterna.com.au .
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.Sh BUGS
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The
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.Ql REQUIRE
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keyword is misleading:
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It does not describe which daemons have to be running before a script
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will be started.
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It describes which scripts must be placed before it in
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the dependency ordering.
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For example,
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if your script has a
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.Ql REQUIRE
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on
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.Ql sshd ,
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it means the script must be placed after the
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.Ql sshd
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script in the dependency ordering,
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not necessarily that it requires
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.Nm sshd
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to be started or enabled.
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