546 lines
20 KiB
Plaintext
546 lines
20 KiB
Plaintext
<articleinfo>
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<title>&os;/&arch; &release.current; Release Notes</title>
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<corpauthor>The &os; Project</corpauthor>
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<pubdate>$FreeBSD$</pubdate>
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<copyright>
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<year>2000</year>
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<year>2001</year>
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<year>2002</year>
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<year>2003</year>
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<year>2004</year>
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<year>2005</year>
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<holder role="mailto:doc@FreeBSD.org">The &os; Documentation Project</holder>
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</copyright>
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<legalnotice id="trademarks" role="trademarks">
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&tm-attrib.freebsd;
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&tm-attrib.ibm;
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&tm-attrib.ieee;
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&tm-attrib.intel;
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&tm-attrib.sparc;
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&tm-attrib.general;
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</legalnotice>
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<abstract>
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<para>The release notes for &os; &release.current; contain a summary
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of the changes made to the &os; base system on the
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&release.branch; development line.
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This document lists applicable security advisories that were issued since
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the last release, as well as significant changes to the &os;
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kernel and userland.
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Some brief remarks on upgrading are also presented.</para>
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</abstract>
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</articleinfo>
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<sect1 id="intro">
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<title>Introduction</title>
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<para>This document contains the release notes for &os;
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&release.current; on the &arch.print; hardware platform. It
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describes recently added, changed, or deleted features of &os;.
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It also provides some notes on upgrading
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from previous versions of &os;.</para>
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<![ %release.type.current [
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<para>The &release.type; distribution to which these release notes
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apply represents the latest point along the &release.branch; development
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branch since &release.branch; was created. Information regarding pre-built, binary
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&release.type; distributions along this branch
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can be found at <ulink url="&release.url;"></ulink>.</para>
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]]>
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<![ %release.type.snapshot [
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<para>The &release.type; distribution to which these release notes
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apply represents a point along the &release.branch; development
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branch between &release.prev; and the future &release.next;.
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Information regarding
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pre-built, binary &release.type; distributions along this branch
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can be found at <ulink url="&release.url;"></ulink>.</para>
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]]>
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<![ %release.type.release [
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<para>This distribution of &os; &release.current; is a
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&release.type; distribution. It can be found at <ulink
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url="&release.url;"></ulink> or any of its mirrors. More
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information on obtaining this (or other) &release.type;
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distributions of &os; can be found in the <ulink
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url="&url.books.handbook;/mirrors.html"><quote>Obtaining
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&os;</quote> appendix</ulink> to the <ulink
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url="&url.books.handbook;/">&os;
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Handbook</ulink>.</para>
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]]>
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<para>All users are encouraged to consult the release errata before
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installing &os;. The errata document is updated with
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<quote>late-breaking</quote> information discovered late in the
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release cycle or after the release. Typically, it contains
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information on known bugs, security advisories, and corrections to
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documentation. An up-to-date copy of the errata for &os;
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&release.current; can be found on the &os; Web site.</para>
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</sect1>
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<sect1 id="new">
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<title>What's New</title>
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<para>This section describes
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the most user-visible new or changed features in &os;
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since &release.prev;.
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In general, changes described here are unique to the &release.branch;
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branch unless specifically marked as &merged; features.
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</para>
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<para>Typical release note items
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document recent security advisories issued after
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&release.prev.historic;,
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new drivers or hardware support, new commands or options,
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major bug fixes, or contributed software upgrades. They may also
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list changes to major ports/packages or release engineering
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practices. Clearly the release notes cannot list every single
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change made to &os; between releases; this document focuses
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primarily on security advisories, user-visible changes, and major
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architectural improvements.</para>
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<sect2 id="security">
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<title>Security Advisories</title>
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<para></para>
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</sect2>
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<sect2 id="kernel">
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<title>Kernel Changes</title>
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<para>A new sysctl variable <varname>kern.malloc_stats</varname>
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has been added. This allows to export kernel malloc
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statistics via a binary structure stream.</para>
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<para>A new sysctl variable <varname>vm.zone_stats</varname>
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has been added. This allows to export &man.uma.9; allocator
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statistics via a binary structure stream.</para>
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<sect3 id="boot">
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<title>Boot Loader Changes</title>
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<para>A new option <option>-S</option>,
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which allows setting the <filename>boot2</filename>
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serial console speed in the <filename>/boot.config</filename>
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file or on the <prompt>boot:</prompt> prompt line,
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has been added.</para>
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<para arch="i386,amd64">A new loader tunable
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<varname>comconsole_speed</varname> to change
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the serial console speed has been added.
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If the previous stage boot loader requested a serial console
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then the default speed is determined from the current serial port
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speed, and otherwise it is set to 9600 or the value of
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the kernel option <literal>BOOT_COMCONSOLE_SPEED</literal>
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at compile time.</para>
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<!-- Above this line, order boot loader changes by keyword-->
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</sect3>
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<sect3 id="proc">
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<title>Hardware Support</title>
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<para>The &man.acpi.thermal.4; driver now supports
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passive cooling.</para>
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<para>Support for the PadLock Security Co-processor in VIA C3
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processors has been added to the &man.crypto.9; subsystem.
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&merged;</para>
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<para>A bug which prevents the &man.ichsmb.4; kernel module
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from unloading has been fixed.</para>
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<para arch="ia64">The loader tunable <varname>debug.mpsafevfs</varname>
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is set to <literal>1</literal> by default.</para>
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<para arch="amd64">The smbios(4) driver support for amd64 has been
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added.</para>
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<para arch="i386">A new loader tunable
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<varname>hw.apic.enable_extint</varname> has been added.
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This tunable can be used not to mask the ExtINT pin on the first
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I/O APIC. At least one chipset for Intel Pentium III seems
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to need this even though all of the pins in the 8259A's are masked.
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The default is still to mask the ExtINT pin.</para>
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<sect4 id="mm">
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<title>Multimedia Support</title>
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<para>The &man.sound.4; driver now supports
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wider range sampling rate, multiple precisions choice,
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and 24/32 bit PCM format conversion.</para>
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<para>The &man.snd.als4000.4; driver is now MPSAFE.</para>
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<para>The &man.snd.cmi.4; driver is now MPSAFE.</para>
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<para>The &man.snd.via8233.4; driver is now MPSAFE.</para>
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<para arch="amd64">The &man.snd.via8233.4; driver is now supported
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on &os;/amd64.</para>
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<para>The &man.snd.via82c686.4; driver is now MPSAFE.</para>
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</sect4>
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<sect4 id="net-if">
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<title>Network Interface Support</title>
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<para>The &man.dc.4; driver is now MPSAFE. &merged;</para>
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<para>The &man.de.4; driver has been converted to the &man.bus.dma.9;
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API and is now MPSAFE.</para>
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<para>The &man.ed.4; driver is now MPSAFE.</para>
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<para>The &man.el.4; driver has been removed.</para>
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<para>The &man.my.4; driver is now MPSAFE. &merged;</para>
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<para>The &man.pcn.4; driver is now MPSAFE. &merged;</para>
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<para>The &man.sf.4; driver is now MPSAFE. &merged;</para>
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<para>The &man.ste.4; driver is now MPSAFE.</para>
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</sect4>
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</sect3>
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<sect3 id="net-proto">
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<title>Network Protocols</title>
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<para>The &man.gre.4; driver, which is for GRE encapsulation
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found in RFC 1701 and RFC 1702 now supports IPv6 over GRE.</para>
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<para>The path MTU discovery for multicast packets in the &os;
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&man.ip6.4; stack has been disabled by default because
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notifying path MTU by a lot of routers in multicast
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can be a kind of distributed Denial-of-Service attack to a router.
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This feature can be enabled by using a new sysctl variable
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<varname>net.inet6.ip6.mcast_pmtu</varname>.</para>
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<para>The &man.ipfw.4;, IP packet filter now supports IPv6.
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The &man.ip6fw.8; is deprecated and will be removed
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in the future releases.</para>
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<para>The &man.natm.4;, Native Mode ATM protocol layer is now MPSAFE.</para>
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<para>A new sysctl variable <varname>net.inet.icmp.reply_from_interface</varname>
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has been added. This allows the &man.icmp.4;
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reply to non-local packets generated with
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the IP address the packet came through in.
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This is useful for routers to show in &man.traceroute.8;
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the actual path a packet has taken instead of
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the possibly different return path.</para>
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<para>A new sysctl variable <varname>net.inet.icmp.quotelen</varname>
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has been added. This allows to change length of
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the quotation of the original packet in an ICMP reply.
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The minimum of 8 bytes is internally enforced.
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The maximum quotation is the remaining space in the
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reply mbuf. This option is added in response to the
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issues raised in I-D
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<filename>draft-gont-icmp-payload-00.txt</filename>.</para>
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<para>The &man.icmp.4; now always quotes the entire TCP header
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when responding and allocate an mbuf cluster if needed.
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This change fixes the TCP issues raised in I-D
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<filename>draft-gont-icmp-payload-00.txt</filename>.</para>
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<para>A new socket option <literal>IP_MINTTL</literal> has been added.
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This may be used to set the minimum acceptable
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TTL a packet must have when received on a socket.
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All packets with a lower TTL are silently dropped,
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and this works on already connected/connecting and
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listening sockets for RAW, UDP, and TCP. This option
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is only really useful when set to 255 preventing packets
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from outside the directly connected networks reaching
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local listeners on sockets. Also, this option allows
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userland implementation of <quote>The Generalized TTL
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Security Mechanism (GTSM)</quote> found in RFC 3682.</para>
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<para>The stealth forwarding now supports IPv6 as well as IPv4.
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This behavior can be controlled by using a new sysctl variable
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<varname>net.inet6.ip6.stealth</varname>.</para>
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</sect3>
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<sect3 id="disks">
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<title>Disks and Storage</title>
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<para>The &man.ata.4; driver now supports a workaround
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for some controllers whose DMA does not work properly
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in 48bit mode. For the suspicious controllers
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the PIO mode will be used for access to over 137GB areas.</para>
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<para>A new GEOM class <literal>GEOM_ZERO</literal> has been added.
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It creates very huge provider (41PB) <filename>/dev/gzero</filename>
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and mainly for performance testing.
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On <literal>BIO_READ</literal> request it zero-fills
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<varname>bio_data</varname> and on <literal>BIO_WRITE</literal>
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it does nothing.</para>
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<para>The <literal>GEOM_LABEL</literal> class now supports
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Ext2FS and ReiserFS.</para>
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<para>The &man.mpt.4; driver has been updated to support
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various new features such as RAID volume and RAID member
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state/settings reporting, periodic volume re-synchronization
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status reporting, and sysctl variables for volume
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re-synchronization rate, volume member write cache status,
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and volume transaction queue depth.</para>
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<para>A new GEOM-based disk encryption facility, GEOM_ELI, has been
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added. It uses the &man.crypto.9; framework for hardware acceleration
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and supports different cryptographic algorithms. See &man.geli.8; for
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more information. &merged;</para>
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<para>The &man.umass.4; driver now supports
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<literal>PLAY_MSF</literal>,
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<literal>PLAY_TRACK</literal>,
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<literal>PLAY_TRACK_REL</literal>,
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<literal>PAUSE</literal>,
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<literal>PLAY_12</literal> commands so that
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the &man.cdcontrol.1; utility can handle USB CD drive.</para>
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</sect3>
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<sect3 id="fs">
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<title>File Systems</title>
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<para>A part of the FreeBSD NFS subsystem (the interface with
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the protocol stack and callouts) is now MPSAFE.</para>
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</sect3>
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<sect3>
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<title>Contributed Software</title>
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<para></para>
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</sect3>
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</sect2>
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<sect2 id="userland">
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<title>Userland Changes</title>
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<para>Padding of <varname>ai_addrlen</varname>
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in <varname>struct addrinfo</varname> has been removed,
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which was originally for the ABI compatibility.
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For example, this change break the ABI compatibility of
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&man.getaddrinfo.3; function on 64-bit architecture including
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&os;/alpha, &os;/amd64, &os;/ia64, and &os;/sparc64.</para>
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<para>The &man.bsdiff.1; and &man.bspatch.1; utilities
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have been added. These are tools for constructing and
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applying binary patches.</para>
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<para>The &man.cmp.1; utility now supports an <option>-h</option>
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flag to compare the symbolic link itself rather than the
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file that the link points to.</para>
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<para>The &man.ifconfig.8; utility now supports
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a <option>-k</option> flag to allow printing
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potentially sensitive keying material to standard output.
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This sensitive information will not be printed by default.</para>
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<para>The &man.libmemstat.3; library has been added.
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This is for use by debugging and monitoring applications
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in tracking kernel memory statistics. It provides an
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abstracted interface to &man.uma.9; and &man.malloc.9;
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statistics, wrapped around the binary stream sysctl variables
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for the allocators. &merged;</para>
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<para>A new function &man.memmem.3; has been implemented in
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<filename>libc</filename>. This is the binary equivalent to
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&man.strstr.3; and found in <filename>glibc</filename>.</para>
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<para>The &man.moused.8; now supports an <option>-H</option> flag
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to enable horizontal virtual scrolling similar to a
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<option>-V</option> flag for vertical virtual scrolling.</para>
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<para>The &man.netstat.1; utility now supports an
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<option>-h</option> flag for interface stats mode,
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which prints all interface statistics in human readable form.</para>
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<para>A new functions, &man.pidfile.3;, which allow reliable
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pidfiles handling have been implemented in
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<filename>libutil</filename>.</para>
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<para>The &man.ping.8; utility now supports <quote>a sweeping
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ping</quote> in which &man.icmp.4; payload of
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packets being sent is increased with given step.
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This is useful for testing problematic channels, MTU issues
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or traffic policing functions in networks.</para>
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<para>The &man.pkill.1; utility now supports a
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<option>-F</option> option which allows to
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restrict matches to a process whose PID is stored in the
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pidfile file. When another new option <option>-L</option>
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is also specified, the pidfile file must be locked with the
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&man.flock.2; syscall or created with &man.pidfile.3;.</para>
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<para>The &man.powerd.8; program now supports a
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<option>-P</option> option which allows to specify pidfile.</para>
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<para>The shared library version number of all libraries have
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been updated due to some possible ABI changes. The libraries
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include: snmp_*, libdialog, libg2c, libobjc,
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libreadline, libregex, libstdc++, libkrb5, libalias, libarchive,
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libbegemot, libbluetooth, libbsnmp, libbz2, libc_r, libcrypt,
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libdevstat, libedit, libexpat, libfetch, libftpio, libgpib,
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libipsec, libkiconv, libmagic, libmp, libncp, libncurses,
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libnetgraph, libngatm, libopie, libpam, libpthread, libradius,
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libsdp, libsmb, libtacplus, libthr, libthread_db, libugidfw,
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libusbhid, libutil, libvgl, libwrap, libypclnt, libm, libcrypto,
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libssh, and libssl.</para>
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<para>The <function>wcsdup()</function> function has been
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implemented. This function is popular in Microsoft and GNU
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systems.</para>
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<sect3 id="rc-scripts">
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<title><filename>/etc/rc.d</filename> Scripts</title>
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<para>The <filename>gbde_swap</filename> script has
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been removed in favor a new <filename>encswap</filename>
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script which also supports &man.geli.8; for swap
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encryption.</para>
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<para>The <filename>geli</filename> and <filename>geli2</filename>
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scripts has been added for &man.geli.8; device
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configuration on boot.</para>
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<para>The <varname>removable_interfaces</varname> variable
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has been removed.</para>
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<para>A new variable <varname>ifconfig_<replaceable>ifn</replaceable></varname>
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has been added. This allows
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<filename>/etc/rc.d/netif</filename>
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to be used to start and stop an interface
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on a purely manual basis.</para>
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</sect3>
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</sect2>
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<sect2 id="contrib">
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<title>Contributed Software</title>
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<para><application>libpcap</application> has been updated
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to v0.9.1 (release).</para>
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<para><application>sendmail</application> has been updated from
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version 8.13.3 to version 8.13.4.</para>
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<para><application>tcpdump</application> has been updated
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to v3.9.1 (release).</para>
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</sect2>
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<sect2 id="ports">
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<title>Ports/Packages Collection Infrastructure</title>
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<para>The &man.pkg.version.1; now supports an <option>-o</option>
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flag to show the origin recorded on package generation
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instead of the package name, and an <option>-O</option> flag
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to list packages whose registered origin is origin only.</para>
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<para>The &man.portsnap.8; utility (<filename>sysutils/portsnap</filename>)
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has been added into the &os; base system. This is a secure,
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easy to use, fast, lightweight, and generally good way for
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users to keep their ports trees up to date.</para>
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</sect2>
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<sect2 id="releng">
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<title>Release Engineering and Integration</title>
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<para>The default partition sizing algorithm of the
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&man.sysinstall.8; utility has been changed.</para>
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<itemizedlist>
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<listitem>
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<para>On systems where the disk capacity is larger than (3 * RAMsize + 10GB),
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the default sizes will now be as follows:</para>
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<informaltable frame="none" pgwide="0">
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<tgroup cols="2">
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<colspec colwidth="1*">
|
|
<colspec colwidth="2*">
|
|
<thead>
|
|
<row>
|
|
<entry>Partition</entry>
|
|
<entry>Size</entry>
|
|
</row>
|
|
</thead>
|
|
|
|
<tbody>
|
|
<row><entry>swap</entry><entry>RAMsize * 2</entry></row>
|
|
<row><entry><filename>/</filename></entry><entry>512 MB</entry></row>
|
|
<row><entry><filename>/tmp</filename></entry><entry>512 MB</entry></row>
|
|
<row><entry><filename>/var</filename></entry><entry>1024 MB + RAMsize</entry></row>
|
|
<row><entry><filename>/usr</filename></entry><entry>the rest (8GB or more)</entry></row>
|
|
</tbody>
|
|
</tgroup>
|
|
</informaltable>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>On systems where the disk capacity is larger than
|
|
(RAMsize / 8 + 2 GB), the default sizes will be
|
|
in the following ranges, with space allocated
|
|
proportionally:</para>
|
|
|
|
<informaltable frame="none" pgwide="0">
|
|
<tgroup cols="2">
|
|
<colspec colwidth="1*">
|
|
<colspec colwidth="2*">
|
|
<thead>
|
|
<row>
|
|
<entry>Partition</entry>
|
|
<entry>Size</entry>
|
|
</row>
|
|
</thead>
|
|
|
|
<tbody>
|
|
<row><entry>swap</entry><entry>from RAMsize / 8 to RAMsize * 2</entry></row>
|
|
<row><entry><filename>/</filename></entry><entry>from 256MB to 512MB</entry></row>
|
|
<row><entry><filename>/tmp</filename></entry><entry>from 128MB to 512MB</entry></row>
|
|
<row><entry><filename>/var</filename></entry><entry>from 128MB to 1024MB</entry></row>
|
|
<row><entry><filename>/usr</filename></entry><entry>from 1536MB to 8192MB</entry></row>
|
|
</tbody>
|
|
</tgroup>
|
|
</informaltable>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>On systems with even less disk space, the existing behavior is not
|
|
changed.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</itemizedlist>
|
|
</sect2>
|
|
|
|
<sect2 id="doc">
|
|
<title>Documentation</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>Documentation of existing functionality has been improved by
|
|
the addition of the following manual pages:
|
|
&man.acpi.sony.4;, &man.snd.mss.4;, &man.snd.t4dwave.4;.</para>
|
|
</sect2>
|
|
</sect1>
|
|
|
|
<sect1 id="upgrade">
|
|
<title>Upgrading from previous releases of &os;</title>
|
|
|
|
<para></para>
|
|
|
|
<important>
|
|
<para>Upgrading &os; should, of course, only be attempted after
|
|
backing up <emphasis>all</emphasis> data and configuration
|
|
files.</para>
|
|
</important>
|
|
</sect1>
|